Avian infectious bronchitis(IB)is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),which is prevalent in many countries worldwide and causes serious harm to the poultry industry.At pre...Avian infectious bronchitis(IB)is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),which is prevalent in many countries worldwide and causes serious harm to the poultry industry.At present,many commercial IBV vaccines have been used for the prevention and control of IB;however,IB outbreaks occur frequently.In this study,two new strains of IBV,SX/2106 and SX/2204,were isolated from two flocks which were immunized with IBV H120 vaccine in central China.Phylogenetic and recombination analysis indicated that SX/2106,which was clustered into the GI-19 lineage,may be derived from recombination events of the GI-19 and GI-7 strains and the LDT3-A vaccine.Genetic analysis showed that SX/2204 belongs to the GVI-1 lineage,which may have originated from the recombination of the GI-13 and GVI-1 strains and the H120 vaccine.The virus cross-neutralization test showed that the antigenicity of SX/2106 and SX/2204 was different from H120.Animal experiments found that both SX/2106 and SX/2204 could replicate effectively in the lungs and kidneys of chickens and cause disease and death,and H120 immunization could not provide effective protection against the two IBV isolates.It is noteworthy that the pathogenicity of SX/2204 has significantly increased compared to the GVI-1 strains isolated previously,with a mortality rate up to 60%.Considering the continuous mutation and recombination of the IBV genome to produce new variant strains,it is important to continuously monitor epidemic strains and develop new vaccines for the prevention and control of IBV epidemics.展开更多
Digital geological mapping fundamentally broke through the traditional working pattern,successfully carried out the geological mapping digitalization.By using the RGMAP system to field digital geological mapping,the a...Digital geological mapping fundamentally broke through the traditional working pattern,successfully carried out the geological mapping digitalization.By using the RGMAP system to field digital geological mapping,the authors summarized the method of work and the work flow of the RGMAPGIS during the field geological survey.First,we prepared material,set up the PRB gallery,then put the geographic base map under the background maplayer and organizing the field hand map,forming the field factual datum map.At last,the geological space database is formed.展开更多
There are rich oil and gas resources in Alberta oil sand mining area in Canada.Since the 1960s,the Canadian government decided to increase the mining intensity.However,the exploitation will bring many adverse effects....There are rich oil and gas resources in Alberta oil sand mining area in Canada.Since the 1960s,the Canadian government decided to increase the mining intensity.However,the exploitation will bring many adverse effects.In recent years,more people pay attention to the environmental protection and ecological restoration of mining area,such as issues related with changes of vegetated lands.Thus,the authors used the Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-8 OLI remote sensing images as the basic data sources,and obtained the land cover classification maps from 1995 to 2020 by ENVI.Based on the NDVI,NDMI and RVI,three images in each period are processed and output to explore the long-term impact of exploitation.The results show that from 1995 to 2020,the proportion of vegetation around mining areas decreased sharply,the scale of construction land in the mining area increased,and the vegetated land was changed to land types such as tailings pond,oil sand mine and other land types.In addition,three vegetation indexes decreased from 1995 to 2020.Although the exploitation of oil sand mining area brings great economic benefits,the environmental protection(especially vegetation)in oil sand mining areas should be paid more attention.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202788)the Special Research Fund of Shanxi Agricultural University for High-level Talents,China(2021XG004)+3 种基金the Fund for Shanxi“1331 Project”,China(20211331-13)the Shanxi Province Excellent Doctoral Work Award-Scientific Research Project,China(SXBYKY2021063,SXBYKY2021005,and SXBYKY 2022014)the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of Shanxi Province,China(2023CYJSTX15-13)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province,China(202103021224156)。
文摘Avian infectious bronchitis(IB)is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),which is prevalent in many countries worldwide and causes serious harm to the poultry industry.At present,many commercial IBV vaccines have been used for the prevention and control of IB;however,IB outbreaks occur frequently.In this study,two new strains of IBV,SX/2106 and SX/2204,were isolated from two flocks which were immunized with IBV H120 vaccine in central China.Phylogenetic and recombination analysis indicated that SX/2106,which was clustered into the GI-19 lineage,may be derived from recombination events of the GI-19 and GI-7 strains and the LDT3-A vaccine.Genetic analysis showed that SX/2204 belongs to the GVI-1 lineage,which may have originated from the recombination of the GI-13 and GVI-1 strains and the H120 vaccine.The virus cross-neutralization test showed that the antigenicity of SX/2106 and SX/2204 was different from H120.Animal experiments found that both SX/2106 and SX/2204 could replicate effectively in the lungs and kidneys of chickens and cause disease and death,and H120 immunization could not provide effective protection against the two IBV isolates.It is noteworthy that the pathogenicity of SX/2204 has significantly increased compared to the GVI-1 strains isolated previously,with a mortality rate up to 60%.Considering the continuous mutation and recombination of the IBV genome to produce new variant strains,it is important to continuously monitor epidemic strains and develop new vaccines for the prevention and control of IBV epidemics.
基金Supported by National Oil-gas Project:No XQ-2004-07
文摘Digital geological mapping fundamentally broke through the traditional working pattern,successfully carried out the geological mapping digitalization.By using the RGMAP system to field digital geological mapping,the authors summarized the method of work and the work flow of the RGMAPGIS during the field geological survey.First,we prepared material,set up the PRB gallery,then put the geographic base map under the background maplayer and organizing the field hand map,forming the field factual datum map.At last,the geological space database is formed.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0714103)China Scholarship Council(No.CSC201906175002)the Young Teachers and Students’Cutting-edge Funding of Jilin University,China(No.2020-JCXK-04).
文摘There are rich oil and gas resources in Alberta oil sand mining area in Canada.Since the 1960s,the Canadian government decided to increase the mining intensity.However,the exploitation will bring many adverse effects.In recent years,more people pay attention to the environmental protection and ecological restoration of mining area,such as issues related with changes of vegetated lands.Thus,the authors used the Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-8 OLI remote sensing images as the basic data sources,and obtained the land cover classification maps from 1995 to 2020 by ENVI.Based on the NDVI,NDMI and RVI,three images in each period are processed and output to explore the long-term impact of exploitation.The results show that from 1995 to 2020,the proportion of vegetation around mining areas decreased sharply,the scale of construction land in the mining area increased,and the vegetated land was changed to land types such as tailings pond,oil sand mine and other land types.In addition,three vegetation indexes decreased from 1995 to 2020.Although the exploitation of oil sand mining area brings great economic benefits,the environmental protection(especially vegetation)in oil sand mining areas should be paid more attention.
