Objective To analyze the prevalence of asthma and asthma related symptoms among children aged 0-14 years in three Chinese cities and to obtain a crude estimation of the trend of childhood asthma prevalence in China. M...Objective To analyze the prevalence of asthma and asthma related symptoms among children aged 0-14 years in three Chinese cities and to obtain a crude estimation of the trend of childhood asthma prevalence in China. Methods A cross-sectional, population-based survey of prevalence of asthma was conducted in children aged from 0 to 14 years in 3 major cities of China (Beijing, Chongqing, and Guangzhou) with different geographic locations. All the subjects were randomly selected by a multi-stage sampling method. Three to five schools and kindergartens in 2 urban districts in each city were randomly selected for the survey, and a validated questionnaire that included the core questions of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, Phase Ⅲ questionnaire and several additional questions were used. All questionnaires were completed by parents or guardians of the selected children. Children whose parents responded affirmatively to the question" Has your child ever been diagnosed as asthma by a doctor" were recognized as victims of asthma. Results The prevalence of asthma in Beijing, Chongqing, and Guangzhou was 3.15%, 7.45%, and 2.09%, respectively. These values were significantly higher than those obtained 10 years ago in the national epidemiological survey in 2000 which used the same method of investigation and the same diagnotic criteria (χ2 =3.938, P=0.047; χ2 =73.506, P≤0.001; χ2 =11.956, P=0.001, in each city). Of the asthmatic children 57.21%, 69.91%, and 60.00% had their first attack before the age of 3 in Beijing, Chongqing, and Guangzhou, respectively. Wheezing was the primary clinical manifestation for all asthmatic children , followed by persistent cough and repeated respiratory infections. Both the prevalence of asthma and asthma-related symptoms were statistically higher in males than in females. Conclusion The prevalence of childhood asthma is statistically higher than that 10 years ago in the three Chinese cities.展开更多
Recently, the surface chemical functionalization and morphology control of precious metal nanostructures have been recognized as two efficient strategies for improving their electroactivity and/or selectivity. In this...Recently, the surface chemical functionalization and morphology control of precious metal nanostructures have been recognized as two efficient strategies for improving their electroactivity and/or selectivity. In this work, 1, 10-phenanthroline monohydrate(PM) functionalized Pt nanodendrites(Pt-NDs) on carbon cloth(CC)(denoted as PM@Pt-NDs/CC) and polyethylenimine(PEI) functionalized Pt-NDs on CC(denoted as PEI@Pt-NDs/CC) are successfully achieved by immersing Pt-NDs/CC into PM and PEI aqueous solutions, respectively. PEI functionalization of Pt-NDs/CC improves its electroactivity for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) due to local proton enrichment whereas PM functionalization of Pt-NDs/CC improves its electroactivity for formic acid oxidation reaction(FAOR) by facilitating dehydrogenation pathway. With such high activity, a two-electrode electrolyzer is assembled using PM@Pt-NDs/CC as the anodic electrocatalyst and PEI@Pt-NDs/CC as the cathodic electrocatalyst for electrochemical reforming of formic acid, which only requires 0.45 V voltage to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm^(-1) for highpurity hydrogen production, much lower than conventional water electrolysis(1.59 V). The work presents an example of interfacial engineering enhancing electrocatalytic activity and indicates that electrochemical reforming of formic acid is an energy-saving electrochemical method for high-purity hydrogen production.展开更多
Myelin-associated glycoprotein(MAG) inhibits the growth of neurites from nerve cells. Extraction and purification of MAG require complex operations; therefore, we attempted to determine whether commercially available ...Myelin-associated glycoprotein(MAG) inhibits the growth of neurites from nerve cells. Extraction and purification of MAG require complex operations; therefore, we attempted to determine whether commercially available MAG-Fc can replace endogenous MAG for research purposes. Immunofluorescence using specific antibodies against MAG, Nogo receptor(NgR) and paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B(PirB) was used to determine whether MAG-Fc can be endocytosed by neuro-2a cells. In addition, neurite outgrowth of neuro-2a cells treated with different doses of MAG-Fc was evaluated. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure RhoA activity. Western blot assays were conducted to assess Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK) phosphorylation. Neuro-2a cells expressed NgR and PirB, and MAG-Fc could be endocytosed by binding to NgR and PirB. This activated intracellular signaling pathways to increase RhoA activity and ROCK phosphorylation, ultimately inhibiting neurite outgrowth. These findings not only verify that MAG-Fc can inhibit the growth of neural neurites by activating RhoA signaling pathways, similarly to endogenous MAG, but also clearly demonstrate that commercial MAG-Fc is suitable for experimental studies of neurite outgrowth.展开更多
Residual phenols in the juice can cause turbidity and affect its sensory quality.Laccase is used to remove phenolic compounds from fruit juice s.In order to overcome the shortcomings of natural laccase instability and...Residual phenols in the juice can cause turbidity and affect its sensory quality.Laccase is used to remove phenolic compounds from fruit juice s.In order to overcome the shortcomings of natural laccase instability and high cost,in this work,we prepared a laccase mimic enzyme based on copper ion and adenosine monophosphate(AMP-Cu nanozymes).At the same mass concentration(1 mg·ml^(-1)), the catalytic activity of the nanozyme is about 15 times that of laccase.The AMP-Cu nanozymes had a higher V_(max) and a lower Km than laccase.The laccase mimic enzyme had a good stability under the condition of 30-90 ℃ and pH> 6.It also maintained high catalytic activity at high salt concentrations and 9 days storage time.Furthermore,the AMP-Cu nanozyme s maintained an initial catalytic activity of about 80% after six consecutive cycles of reaction.The linear range of detection of phenolic compounds by AMP-Cu nanozymes was 0.1-100 μmol·L^(-1) with a detection limit of 0.033 μmol·L^(-1).The phenol removal rate of AMP-Cu nanozymes was much higher than that of laccase under different reaction times.When the reaction was performed for 5 h,the phenol removal rate of the fruit juice by AMP-Cu nanozymes was about 65%.The efficient removal of phenolic compounds from different juices by AMP-Cu nanozymes indicate s that they have good application prospect in the food juice industry.展开更多
In order to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of the karst aquifers in northern China,time series analyses(correlation and spectral analysis in addition with hydrograph recession analysis)are applied on Baotu Spr...In order to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of the karst aquifers in northern China,time series analyses(correlation and spectral analysis in addition with hydrograph recession analysis)are applied on Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring in Jinan karst spring system,a typical karst spring system in northern China.Results show that the auto-correlation coefficient of spring water level reaches the value of 0.2 after 123 days and 117 days for Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring,respectively.The regulation time obtained from the simple spectral density function in the same period is 187 days and 175 days for Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring.The auto-correlation coefficient of spring water level reaches the value of 0.2 in 34-82 days,and regulation time ranges among 40-59 days for every single hydrological year.The delay time between precipitation and spring water level obtained from cross correlation function is around 56 days for the period of 2012-2019,and varies among 30-79 days for every single hydrological year.In addition,the spectral bands in cross amplitude functions and gain functions are small with 0.02,and the values in the coherence functions are small.All these behaviors illustrate that Jinan karst spring system has a strong memory effect,large storage capacity,noticeable regulation effect,and time series analysis is a useful tool for studying the hydrodynamic characteristics of karst spring system in northern China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Parathyroid adenoma(PA) sometimes recurs after surgery,how to improve the surgical success rate of PA is the key to the treatment of this disease.AIM To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis,and surgi...BACKGROUND Parathyroid adenoma(PA) sometimes recurs after surgery,how to improve the surgical success rate of PA is the key to the treatment of this disease.AIM To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis,and surgical treatment of patients with PA.METHODS Patients who were pathologically confirmed with PA and had undergone surgery for the first time between January 2010 and December 2017 at the Beijing Shijitan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were included in the study.The clinical features,localization diagnosis,and surgical treatment of these patients were analyzed.RESULTS Of the 140 patients,32 were male and 108 were female;132 cases had one adenoma,and 8 had two adenomas.In addition,114 cases had clinical symptoms,among which 51,28,23,8,and 4 had urinary system,skeletal system,digestive system,neuromuscular system,and neuropsychiatric symptoms,respectively,while 26 cases had no obvious symptoms.The median level of preoperative parathyroid hormone(PTH) was 201.0 pg/m L.The positive detection rate of technetium-99m sestamibi(Tc-99m MIBI) single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography(SPECT/CT),ultrasound examination,and the combined use of Tc-99m MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasound examination was 92.9%,85.5%,and 96.4%,respectively.Open surgery was performed in all patients,and PTH was monitored during surgery.The success rate of surgery was 98.6%.After surgery,21 cases developed hypocalcemia,1 case developed temporary hoarseness,and 19 cases had transient hypoparathyroidism but there was no permanent hypoparathyroidism,postoperative hemorrhage,or hematoma in the surgical area.CONCLUSION For patients with clinically unexplained skeletal system,urinary system,and neuropsychiatric symptoms,the possibility of PA should be considered.Imaging examinations such as ultrasound and Tc-99m MIBI SPECT/CT could be integrated before surgery to obtain accurate localization diagnosis.Precise preoperative localization,intraoperative PTH monitoring,and delicate surgery to protect the integrity of the PA capsule ensure a minimally invasive and successful surgery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primitive neuroectodermal tumors(PNETs)are rare,sporadic malignant tumors of the peripheral nervous system,bone,or soft tissues.However,to the best of our knowledge,only three cases of PNET in the pericardi...BACKGROUND Primitive neuroectodermal tumors(PNETs)are rare,sporadic malignant tumors of the peripheral nervous system,bone,or soft tissues.However,to the best of our knowledge,only three cases of PNET in the pericardium have been reported in the English literature,and their magnetic resonance imaging findings have not previously been described.CASE SUMMARY A 3-year-old boy was hospitalized with a 1-wk history of recurrent vomiting and weakness.Detailed history-taking revealed no evidence of heart disease.Computed tomography demonstrated a soft tissue mass in the left pericardial cavity with heterogeneous contrast enhancement.The border between the mass and the heart was poorly defined.Thoracotomy revealed a mass invading the left ventricle,with a high risk of bleeding.The mass was considered inoperable.A biopsy was performed,and the histological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of primary PNET of the pericardium.The patient received four cycles of standard chemotherapy.Chest magnetic resonance imaging 3 mo after the initiation of chemotherapy revealed that the tumor in the pericardium still existed,but its volume had slightly decreased.The patient was lost to follow-up,and the final outcome was therefore unknown.CONCLUSION Medical imaging plays an important role in defining the pericardial origin of PNET and understanding its characteristics.Magnetic resonance imaging can provide more information on the tumor than computed tomography and may thus aid therapeutic planning.展开更多
Highland barley is a well-known cereal in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau area with high nutritional value,which has been reported to be a health-promoting grain for the obesity and the diabetes.Fermentation by certain microbio...Highland barley is a well-known cereal in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau area with high nutritional value,which has been reported to be a health-promoting grain for the obesity and the diabetes.Fermentation by certain microbiota can improve the flavor property and nutritional characteristics.In the present study,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were singly or jointly applied to ferment highland barley,and the profile of volatile substances and lipid-lowering effects of the respective extracts were analyzed.Results indicated that either L.plantarum or S.cerevisiae or co-fermentation could consume the polysaccharides of highland barley to provide energy,and dramatically increase the contents of total protein and polyphenol.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis revealed that the presence of S.cerevisiae was critical for production of the pleasant flavors,especially for the ethyl ester substances including hexadecanoic acid ethyl,hexanoic acid ethyl ester and so on.Meanwhile,we found that fermented highland barley extracts by L.plantarum exhibited stronger lipid-lowering effects in Caenorhabditis elegans than that by S.cerevisiae,while the co-fermentation not only emitted pleasant odors but also exerted high hypolipidemic function.In all,co-fermentation by L.plantarum and S.cerevisiae was proposed to be a promising processing to improve the flavor and functional properties of highland barley.展开更多
C4 plants possess better drought tolerance than C3 plants. However, Hedysarum scoparium, a C3 species, is dominant and widely distributed in the desert areas of northwestern China due to its strong drought tolerance. ...C4 plants possess better drought tolerance than C3 plants. However, Hedysarum scoparium, a C3 species, is dominant and widely distributed in the desert areas of northwestern China due to its strong drought tolerance. This study compared it with Haloxylon ammodendron, a C4 species, regarding the interactive effects of drought stress and different leaf–air vapor pressure deficits. Variables of interest included gas exchange, the activity levels of key C4 photosynthetic enzymes, and cellular anatomy. In both species, gas exchange parameters were more sensitive to high vapor pressure deficit than to strong water stress, and the net CO2 assimilation rate(A n) was enhanced as vapor pressure deficits increased. A close relationship between A n and stomatal conductance(g s) suggested that the species shared a similar response mechanism. In H. ammodendron, the activity levels of key C4 enzymes were higher, including those of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPC) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-malate enzyme(NADP-ME), whereas in H. scoparium, the activity level of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-malate enzyme(NAD-ME) was higher.Meanwhile, H. scoparium utilized adaptive structural features, including a larger relative vessel area and a shorter distance from vein to stomata, which facilitated the movement of water. These findings implied that some C4 biochemical pathways were present in H. scoparium to respond to environmental challenges.展开更多
Fabrication of superior catalytic performance palladium-based catalysts with affordable cost is the key to develop direct ethanol fuel cell.Herein,Pd-decorated three-dimensional(3D)porous constructed from graphene oxi...Fabrication of superior catalytic performance palladium-based catalysts with affordable cost is the key to develop direct ethanol fuel cell.Herein,Pd-decorated three-dimensional(3D)porous constructed from graphene oxide(GO)and MXene combining with polystyrene(PS)particles as sacrificial templates(Pd/GO-MXene-PS)to elevate the catalytic performance for ethanol oxidation was proposed.The 3D porous interconnected structure of Pd/GO-MXene-PS was characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM)and Brunner−Emmet−Teller(BET).By optimizing the doping ratio of MXene to GO,the mass activity of Pd/GO_(5)-MXene_(5)-PS(2944.0 mA·mg^(−1))was 3.0 times higher than that of commercial Pd/C(950.4 mA·mg^(−1))toward ethanol oxidation in base solution.Meanwhile,the rotating disk electrode(RDE)results demonstrated that Pd/GO5-MXene5-PS had a faster kinetics of ethanol oxidation.The enhanced ethanol oxidation over Pd/GO5-MXene5-PS could attribute to the excellent 3D interconnected porous structure,large surface area,good conductivity and homogeneous Pd distribution.This work provided a new idea for creating 3D porous MXene composite materials in electrocatalysis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science & Technology Pillar Program under the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of China(No.2007BAI24B05)
文摘Objective To analyze the prevalence of asthma and asthma related symptoms among children aged 0-14 years in three Chinese cities and to obtain a crude estimation of the trend of childhood asthma prevalence in China. Methods A cross-sectional, population-based survey of prevalence of asthma was conducted in children aged from 0 to 14 years in 3 major cities of China (Beijing, Chongqing, and Guangzhou) with different geographic locations. All the subjects were randomly selected by a multi-stage sampling method. Three to five schools and kindergartens in 2 urban districts in each city were randomly selected for the survey, and a validated questionnaire that included the core questions of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, Phase Ⅲ questionnaire and several additional questions were used. All questionnaires were completed by parents or guardians of the selected children. Children whose parents responded affirmatively to the question" Has your child ever been diagnosed as asthma by a doctor" were recognized as victims of asthma. Results The prevalence of asthma in Beijing, Chongqing, and Guangzhou was 3.15%, 7.45%, and 2.09%, respectively. These values were significantly higher than those obtained 10 years ago in the national epidemiological survey in 2000 which used the same method of investigation and the same diagnotic criteria (χ2 =3.938, P=0.047; χ2 =73.506, P≤0.001; χ2 =11.956, P=0.001, in each city). Of the asthmatic children 57.21%, 69.91%, and 60.00% had their first attack before the age of 3 in Beijing, Chongqing, and Guangzhou, respectively. Wheezing was the primary clinical manifestation for all asthmatic children , followed by persistent cough and repeated respiratory infections. Both the prevalence of asthma and asthma-related symptoms were statistically higher in males than in females. Conclusion The prevalence of childhood asthma is statistically higher than that 10 years ago in the three Chinese cities.
基金sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2020JZ-23)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (GK201901002, GK201701007 and GK201902014)the 111 Project (B14041)。
文摘Recently, the surface chemical functionalization and morphology control of precious metal nanostructures have been recognized as two efficient strategies for improving their electroactivity and/or selectivity. In this work, 1, 10-phenanthroline monohydrate(PM) functionalized Pt nanodendrites(Pt-NDs) on carbon cloth(CC)(denoted as PM@Pt-NDs/CC) and polyethylenimine(PEI) functionalized Pt-NDs on CC(denoted as PEI@Pt-NDs/CC) are successfully achieved by immersing Pt-NDs/CC into PM and PEI aqueous solutions, respectively. PEI functionalization of Pt-NDs/CC improves its electroactivity for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) due to local proton enrichment whereas PM functionalization of Pt-NDs/CC improves its electroactivity for formic acid oxidation reaction(FAOR) by facilitating dehydrogenation pathway. With such high activity, a two-electrode electrolyzer is assembled using PM@Pt-NDs/CC as the anodic electrocatalyst and PEI@Pt-NDs/CC as the cathodic electrocatalyst for electrochemical reforming of formic acid, which only requires 0.45 V voltage to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm^(-1) for highpurity hydrogen production, much lower than conventional water electrolysis(1.59 V). The work presents an example of interfacial engineering enhancing electrocatalytic activity and indicates that electrochemical reforming of formic acid is an energy-saving electrochemical method for high-purity hydrogen production.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81171178
文摘Myelin-associated glycoprotein(MAG) inhibits the growth of neurites from nerve cells. Extraction and purification of MAG require complex operations; therefore, we attempted to determine whether commercially available MAG-Fc can replace endogenous MAG for research purposes. Immunofluorescence using specific antibodies against MAG, Nogo receptor(NgR) and paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B(PirB) was used to determine whether MAG-Fc can be endocytosed by neuro-2a cells. In addition, neurite outgrowth of neuro-2a cells treated with different doses of MAG-Fc was evaluated. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure RhoA activity. Western blot assays were conducted to assess Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK) phosphorylation. Neuro-2a cells expressed NgR and PirB, and MAG-Fc could be endocytosed by binding to NgR and PirB. This activated intracellular signaling pathways to increase RhoA activity and ROCK phosphorylation, ultimately inhibiting neurite outgrowth. These findings not only verify that MAG-Fc can inhibit the growth of neural neurites by activating RhoA signaling pathways, similarly to endogenous MAG, but also clearly demonstrate that commercial MAG-Fc is suitable for experimental studies of neurite outgrowth.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772058)the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province, China (20190302088GX and 20190701079GH)+1 种基金the Jilin Provincial Strategic Economic Infrastructure Adjustment fund (2019C043-5 and 2020C023-5)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Residual phenols in the juice can cause turbidity and affect its sensory quality.Laccase is used to remove phenolic compounds from fruit juice s.In order to overcome the shortcomings of natural laccase instability and high cost,in this work,we prepared a laccase mimic enzyme based on copper ion and adenosine monophosphate(AMP-Cu nanozymes).At the same mass concentration(1 mg·ml^(-1)), the catalytic activity of the nanozyme is about 15 times that of laccase.The AMP-Cu nanozymes had a higher V_(max) and a lower Km than laccase.The laccase mimic enzyme had a good stability under the condition of 30-90 ℃ and pH> 6.It also maintained high catalytic activity at high salt concentrations and 9 days storage time.Furthermore,the AMP-Cu nanozyme s maintained an initial catalytic activity of about 80% after six consecutive cycles of reaction.The linear range of detection of phenolic compounds by AMP-Cu nanozymes was 0.1-100 μmol·L^(-1) with a detection limit of 0.033 μmol·L^(-1).The phenol removal rate of AMP-Cu nanozymes was much higher than that of laccase under different reaction times.When the reaction was performed for 5 h,the phenol removal rate of the fruit juice by AMP-Cu nanozymes was about 65%.The efficient removal of phenolic compounds from different juices by AMP-Cu nanozymes indicate s that they have good application prospect in the food juice industry.
基金This study is supported by the geological survey project:National Glacier and Desertification Remote Sensing Geological Survey(DD20190515)Youth Innovation Fund of China Aero Geophysical Prospecting and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources(2020YFL18).
文摘In order to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of the karst aquifers in northern China,time series analyses(correlation and spectral analysis in addition with hydrograph recession analysis)are applied on Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring in Jinan karst spring system,a typical karst spring system in northern China.Results show that the auto-correlation coefficient of spring water level reaches the value of 0.2 after 123 days and 117 days for Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring,respectively.The regulation time obtained from the simple spectral density function in the same period is 187 days and 175 days for Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring.The auto-correlation coefficient of spring water level reaches the value of 0.2 in 34-82 days,and regulation time ranges among 40-59 days for every single hydrological year.The delay time between precipitation and spring water level obtained from cross correlation function is around 56 days for the period of 2012-2019,and varies among 30-79 days for every single hydrological year.In addition,the spectral bands in cross amplitude functions and gain functions are small with 0.02,and the values in the coherence functions are small.All these behaviors illustrate that Jinan karst spring system has a strong memory effect,large storage capacity,noticeable regulation effect,and time series analysis is a useful tool for studying the hydrodynamic characteristics of karst spring system in northern China.
文摘BACKGROUND Parathyroid adenoma(PA) sometimes recurs after surgery,how to improve the surgical success rate of PA is the key to the treatment of this disease.AIM To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis,and surgical treatment of patients with PA.METHODS Patients who were pathologically confirmed with PA and had undergone surgery for the first time between January 2010 and December 2017 at the Beijing Shijitan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were included in the study.The clinical features,localization diagnosis,and surgical treatment of these patients were analyzed.RESULTS Of the 140 patients,32 were male and 108 were female;132 cases had one adenoma,and 8 had two adenomas.In addition,114 cases had clinical symptoms,among which 51,28,23,8,and 4 had urinary system,skeletal system,digestive system,neuromuscular system,and neuropsychiatric symptoms,respectively,while 26 cases had no obvious symptoms.The median level of preoperative parathyroid hormone(PTH) was 201.0 pg/m L.The positive detection rate of technetium-99m sestamibi(Tc-99m MIBI) single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography(SPECT/CT),ultrasound examination,and the combined use of Tc-99m MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasound examination was 92.9%,85.5%,and 96.4%,respectively.Open surgery was performed in all patients,and PTH was monitored during surgery.The success rate of surgery was 98.6%.After surgery,21 cases developed hypocalcemia,1 case developed temporary hoarseness,and 19 cases had transient hypoparathyroidism but there was no permanent hypoparathyroidism,postoperative hemorrhage,or hematoma in the surgical area.CONCLUSION For patients with clinically unexplained skeletal system,urinary system,and neuropsychiatric symptoms,the possibility of PA should be considered.Imaging examinations such as ultrasound and Tc-99m MIBI SPECT/CT could be integrated before surgery to obtain accurate localization diagnosis.Precise preoperative localization,intraoperative PTH monitoring,and delicate surgery to protect the integrity of the PA capsule ensure a minimally invasive and successful surgery.
基金Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Province,No.(2016)97.
文摘BACKGROUND Primitive neuroectodermal tumors(PNETs)are rare,sporadic malignant tumors of the peripheral nervous system,bone,or soft tissues.However,to the best of our knowledge,only three cases of PNET in the pericardium have been reported in the English literature,and their magnetic resonance imaging findings have not previously been described.CASE SUMMARY A 3-year-old boy was hospitalized with a 1-wk history of recurrent vomiting and weakness.Detailed history-taking revealed no evidence of heart disease.Computed tomography demonstrated a soft tissue mass in the left pericardial cavity with heterogeneous contrast enhancement.The border between the mass and the heart was poorly defined.Thoracotomy revealed a mass invading the left ventricle,with a high risk of bleeding.The mass was considered inoperable.A biopsy was performed,and the histological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of primary PNET of the pericardium.The patient received four cycles of standard chemotherapy.Chest magnetic resonance imaging 3 mo after the initiation of chemotherapy revealed that the tumor in the pericardium still existed,but its volume had slightly decreased.The patient was lost to follow-up,and the final outcome was therefore unknown.CONCLUSION Medical imaging plays an important role in defining the pericardial origin of PNET and understanding its characteristics.Magnetic resonance imaging can provide more information on the tumor than computed tomography and may thus aid therapeutic planning.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671373)Jiangsu Postdoctoral Research Funding Program(2020Z070)+2 种基金Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(20)2036)Key Research and Development Project of Jiangsu Province(BE2020314)Innovation Training Program for College Students(202310299649X).
文摘Highland barley is a well-known cereal in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau area with high nutritional value,which has been reported to be a health-promoting grain for the obesity and the diabetes.Fermentation by certain microbiota can improve the flavor property and nutritional characteristics.In the present study,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were singly or jointly applied to ferment highland barley,and the profile of volatile substances and lipid-lowering effects of the respective extracts were analyzed.Results indicated that either L.plantarum or S.cerevisiae or co-fermentation could consume the polysaccharides of highland barley to provide energy,and dramatically increase the contents of total protein and polyphenol.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis revealed that the presence of S.cerevisiae was critical for production of the pleasant flavors,especially for the ethyl ester substances including hexadecanoic acid ethyl,hexanoic acid ethyl ester and so on.Meanwhile,we found that fermented highland barley extracts by L.plantarum exhibited stronger lipid-lowering effects in Caenorhabditis elegans than that by S.cerevisiae,while the co-fermentation not only emitted pleasant odors but also exerted high hypolipidemic function.In all,co-fermentation by L.plantarum and S.cerevisiae was proposed to be a promising processing to improve the flavor and functional properties of highland barley.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31070538 and No.31370599)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.: QN2011026)
文摘C4 plants possess better drought tolerance than C3 plants. However, Hedysarum scoparium, a C3 species, is dominant and widely distributed in the desert areas of northwestern China due to its strong drought tolerance. This study compared it with Haloxylon ammodendron, a C4 species, regarding the interactive effects of drought stress and different leaf–air vapor pressure deficits. Variables of interest included gas exchange, the activity levels of key C4 photosynthetic enzymes, and cellular anatomy. In both species, gas exchange parameters were more sensitive to high vapor pressure deficit than to strong water stress, and the net CO2 assimilation rate(A n) was enhanced as vapor pressure deficits increased. A close relationship between A n and stomatal conductance(g s) suggested that the species shared a similar response mechanism. In H. ammodendron, the activity levels of key C4 enzymes were higher, including those of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPC) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-malate enzyme(NADP-ME), whereas in H. scoparium, the activity level of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-malate enzyme(NAD-ME) was higher.Meanwhile, H. scoparium utilized adaptive structural features, including a larger relative vessel area and a shorter distance from vein to stomata, which facilitated the movement of water. These findings implied that some C4 biochemical pathways were present in H. scoparium to respond to environmental challenges.
基金financially supported by the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning(No.A30B191410)the Sailing Project from Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.17YF1406600)+6 种基金Chenguang Project Supported by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.18CG68)Gaoyuan Discipline of Shanghai-Materials Science and Engineering(No.A30NH221903)the Open Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices(Soochow University)(No.KS2022)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technologythe 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devicesthe Project of Guangdong Provincial Education(No.2020KTSCX131)。
文摘Fabrication of superior catalytic performance palladium-based catalysts with affordable cost is the key to develop direct ethanol fuel cell.Herein,Pd-decorated three-dimensional(3D)porous constructed from graphene oxide(GO)and MXene combining with polystyrene(PS)particles as sacrificial templates(Pd/GO-MXene-PS)to elevate the catalytic performance for ethanol oxidation was proposed.The 3D porous interconnected structure of Pd/GO-MXene-PS was characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM)and Brunner−Emmet−Teller(BET).By optimizing the doping ratio of MXene to GO,the mass activity of Pd/GO_(5)-MXene_(5)-PS(2944.0 mA·mg^(−1))was 3.0 times higher than that of commercial Pd/C(950.4 mA·mg^(−1))toward ethanol oxidation in base solution.Meanwhile,the rotating disk electrode(RDE)results demonstrated that Pd/GO5-MXene5-PS had a faster kinetics of ethanol oxidation.The enhanced ethanol oxidation over Pd/GO5-MXene5-PS could attribute to the excellent 3D interconnected porous structure,large surface area,good conductivity and homogeneous Pd distribution.This work provided a new idea for creating 3D porous MXene composite materials in electrocatalysis.
