Quercetin compounds have antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anticancer pharmacological functions.Longterm exposure to acrylamide(AA)can cause liver injury and endanger human health.However,whether quercetin compounds c...Quercetin compounds have antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anticancer pharmacological functions.Longterm exposure to acrylamide(AA)can cause liver injury and endanger human health.However,whether quercetin compounds can attenuate AA-induced liver injury and the specific mechanism are not clear.Here,we studied the mechanism and structure-activity relationship of quercetin compounds in reducing AA-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.In vivo studies found that quercetin-like compounds protect against AAinduced liver injury by reducing oxidative stress levels,activating the Akt/m TOR signaling pathway to attenuate autophagy,and improving mitochondrial apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis.In vitro studies found that quercetin compounds protected Hep G2 cells from AA by attenuating the activation of AA-induced autophagy,lowering reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels by exerting antioxidant effects and thus attenuating oxidative stress,increasing mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and improving apoptosis-related proteins,thus attenuating AA-induced apoptosis.Furthermore,the conformational differences between quercetin compounds correlated with their protective capacity against AA-induced hepatotoxicity,with quercetin showing the best protective capacity due to its strongest antioxidant activity.In conclusion,quercetin compounds can protect against AA-induced liver injury through multiple pathways of oxidative stress,autophagy and apoptosis,and their protective capacity correlates with antioxidant activity.展开更多
Quasi-one-dimensional(1D)antiferromagnets are known to display intriguing phenomena especially when there is a spin gap in their spin-excitation spectra.Here we demonstrate that a spin gap exists in the quasi-1D Heise...Quasi-one-dimensional(1D)antiferromagnets are known to display intriguing phenomena especially when there is a spin gap in their spin-excitation spectra.Here we demonstrate that a spin gap exists in the quasi-1D Heisenberg antiferromagnet CoTi2O5 with highly ordered Co2+/Ti4+occupation,in which the Co2+ions with S=3/2 form a 1D spin chain along the a-axis.CoTi2O5 undergoes an antiferromagnetic transition at TN~24 K and exhibits obvious anisotropic magnetic susceptibility even in the paramagnetic region.Although a gapless magnetic ground state is usually expected in a quasi-1D Heisenberg antiferromagnet with half-integer spins,by analyzing the specific heat,the thermal conductivity,and the spin-lattice relaxation rate(1/T1)as a function of temperature,we found that a spin gap is opened in the spin-excitation spectrum of CoTi2O5 around TN,manifested by the rapid decrease of magnetic specific heat to zero,the double-peak characteristic in thermal conductivity,and the exponential decay of 1/T1 below TN.Both the magnetic measurements and the first-principles calculations results indicate that there is spin-orbit coupling in CoTi2O5,which induces the magnetic anisotropy in CoTi2O5,and then opens the spin gap at low temperature.展开更多
To realize the comprehensive utilization of ludwigite ore,an integrated and efficient route for the boron and iron separation was proposed in this work,which via soda-ash roasting under CO–CO_(2)–N_(2) atmosphere fo...To realize the comprehensive utilization of ludwigite ore,an integrated and efficient route for the boron and iron separation was proposed in this work,which via soda-ash roasting under CO–CO_(2)–N_(2) atmosphere followed by grind-leaching,magnetic separation,and CO_(2) carbonation.The effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,CO/(CO+CO_(2))composition,and Na_(2)CO_(3) dosage on the boron and iron separation indices were primarily investigated.Under the optimized conditions of the roasting temperature of 850℃,roasting time of 60 min,soda ash dosage of 20 wt%,and CO/(CO+CO_(2)) of 10 vol%,92%of boron was leached during wet grinding,and 88.6%of iron was recovered during the magnetic separation and magnetic concentrate with a total iron content of 61.51 wt%.Raman spectra and^(11)B NMR results indicated that boron exists asB(OH)_(4)^(-) in the leachate,from which high-purity borax pentahydrate could be prepared by CO_(2) carbonation.展开更多
Granites play a crucial role in the Earth's thermal regime and its evolution.Radiogenic heat production(RHP)by the decay of radioactive elements(U,Th,K)in granites is a significant parameter in estimating the ther...Granites play a crucial role in the Earth's thermal regime and its evolution.Radiogenic heat production(RHP)by the decay of radioactive elements(U,Th,K)in granites is a significant parameter in estimating the thermal structure of the lithosphere.RHP variability of granites with their emplacement ages could provide insights for thermal modeling in different geological epochs.An aggregated RHP from 2877 globally-distributed granitic samples of continental crust are analyzed for this study;these sample cover the entire geological history.The average bulk RHP in all types of granitic rocks of all ages is 2.92±1.86μW/m^(3).The RHP tends to increase gradually with progressively younger geologic emplacement age,based on a statistical analysis of the data.However,the youngest granites do not necessarily have the highest RHP.The mean RHP in 181 representative Cenozoic Himalayan leucogranitesdwhich are the youngest granites found on Earth,is as low as 1.84μW/m^(3).This is probably related to the initial conditions of magma formation,magmatic source material,and differentiation processes in the HimalayaneTibetan plateau.By correcting the decay factor,variations of the RHP in the emplaced granitic rocks are obtained,indicating the changing levels of heat production and different thermal regimes on Earth in various geological epochs.The highest RHP in granitic rocks emplaced in the Archean and Early Proterozoic corresponds to two global-scale collisional events during supercontinent cycles,at 2.7 and 1.9 Ga respectively.RHPs of granites can be an important indicator in the study of Earth's thermal regime and its evolution.展开更多
Background:In rodents,research has revealed a role of liver X receptors(LXR) in controlling lipid homeostasis and regulating the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA).Recent data suggest that LXRB is the pred...Background:In rodents,research has revealed a role of liver X receptors(LXR) in controlling lipid homeostasis and regulating the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA).Recent data suggest that LXRB is the predominant LXR subtype in ruminant mammary cells,but its role in lipid metabolism is unknown.It was hypothesized that LXRB plays a role in lipid homeostasis via altering the synthesis of PUFA in the ruminant mammary gland.We used overexpression and knockdown of LXRB in goat primary mammary epithelial cells(GMEC) to evaluate abundance of lipogenic enzymes,fatty acid profiles,content of lipid stores and activity of the stearoyl-Co A desaturase(SCD1) promoter.Results:Overexpression of LXRB markedly upregulated the protein abundance of LXRB while incubation with si RNA targeting LXRB markedly decreased abundance of LXRB protein.Overexpression of LXRB plus T0901317(T09,a ligand for LXR) dramatically upregulated SCD1 and elongation of very long chain fatty acid-like fatty acid elongases 5–7(ELOVL 5–7),which are related to PUFA synthesis.Compared with the control,cells overexpressing LXRB and stimulated with T09 had greater concentrations of C16:0,16:1,18:1n7,18:1n9 and C18:2 as well as desaturation and elongation indices of C16:0.Furthermore,LXRB-overexpressing cells incubated with T09 had greater levels of triacylglycerol and cholesterol.Knockdown of LXRB in cells incubated with T09 led to downregulation of genes encoding elongases and desaturases.Knockdown of LXRB attenuated the increase in triacylglycerol and cholesterol that was induced by T09.In cells treated with dimethylsulfoxide,knockdown of LXRB increased the concentration of C16:0 at the expense of C18:0,while a significant decrease in C18:2 was observed in cells incubated with both si LXRB and T09.The abundance of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 precursor(p SREBP1) and its mature fragment(n SREBP1) was upregulated by T09,but not LXRB overexpression.In the cells cultured with T09,knockdown of LXRB downregulated the abundance for p SREBP1 and n SREBP1.Luciferase reporter assays revealed that the activities of wild type SCD1 promoter or fragment with SREBP1 response element(SRE) mutation were decreased markedly when LXRB was knocked down.Activity of the SCD1 promoter that was induced by T09 was blocked when the SRE mutation was introduced.Conclusion:The current study provides evidence of a physiological link between the LXRB and SREBP1 in the ruminant mammary cell.An important role was revealed for the LXRB-SREBP1 network in the synthesis of PUFA via the regulation of genes encoding elongases and desaturases.Thus,targeting this network might elicit broad effects on lipid homeostasis in ruminant mammary gland.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered increasingly growing attention in renewable energy scenarios,especially in electrocatalysis due to their unique high efficiency of atom utilization and flexible electronic stru...Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered increasingly growing attention in renewable energy scenarios,especially in electrocatalysis due to their unique high efficiency of atom utilization and flexible electronic structure adjustability.The intensive efforts towards the rational design and synthesis of SACs with versatile local configurations have significantly accelerated the development of efficient and sustainable electrocatalysts for a wide range of electrochemical applications.As an emergent coordination avenue,intentionally breaking the planar symmetry of SACs by adding ligands in the axial direction of metal single atoms offers a novel approach for the tuning of both geometric and electronic structures,thereby enhancing electrocatalytic performance at active sites.In this review,we briefly outline the burgeoning research topic of axially coordinated SACs and provide a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in their synthetic strategies and electrocatalytic applications.Besides,the challenges and outlooks in this research field have also been emphasized.The present review provides an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the axial coordination design of SACs,which could bring new perspectives and solutions for fine regulation of the electronic structures of SACs catering to high-performing energy electrocatalysis.展开更多
Calmodulin(CaM)proteins play a key role in signal transduction under various stresses.In the present study,the effects of a sugarcane ScCaM gene(NCBI accession number:GQ246454)on drought and salt stress tolerance in t...Calmodulin(CaM)proteins play a key role in signal transduction under various stresses.In the present study,the effects of a sugarcane ScCaM gene(NCBI accession number:GQ246454)on drought and salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and Escherichia coli cells were evaluated.The results demonstrated a significant negative role of ScCaM in the drought and salt stress tolerance of transgenic lines of A.thaliana,as indicated by the phenotypes.In addition,the expression of AtP5CS and AtRD29A,two genes tightly related to stress resistance,was significantly lower in the overexpression lines than in the wild type.The growth of E.coli BL21 cells expressing ScCaM showed weaker tolerance under mannitol and NaCl stress.Taken together,this study revealed that the ScCaM gene plays a negative regulatory role in both mannitol and NaCl stresses,and it possibly exerts protective mechanisms common in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes under stress conditions.展开更多
The purpose of introducing blockchain into electronic archives sharing and utilization is to break the information barrier between electronic archives sharing departments by relying on technologies such as smart contr...The purpose of introducing blockchain into electronic archives sharing and utilization is to break the information barrier between electronic archives sharing departments by relying on technologies such as smart contract and asymmetric encryption.Aiming at the problem of dynamic permission management in common access control methods,a new access control method based on smart contract under blockchain is proposed,which improves the intelligence level under blockchain technology.Firstly,the Internet attribute access control model based on smart contract is established.For the dynamic access of heterogeneous devices,the management contract,permission judgment contract and access control contract are designed;Secondly,the access object credit evaluation algorithm based on particle swarm optimization radial basis function(PSO-RBF)neural network is used to dynamically generate the access node credit threshold combined with the access policy,so as to realize the intelligent access right management method.Finally,combined with the abovemodels and algorithms,the workflow of electronic archives sharing and utilization model of multi blockchain is constructed.The experimental results show that the timeconsuming of the process increases linearly with the number of continuous access to electronic archives blocks,and the secure access control of sharing and utilization is feasible,secure and effective.展开更多
Hyperoside is a bioactive flavonoid galactoside in both medicinal and edible plants.It plays an important physiological role in the growth of flower buds.However,the hyperoside biosynthesis pathway has not been system...Hyperoside is a bioactive flavonoid galactoside in both medicinal and edible plants.It plays an important physiological role in the growth of flower buds.However,the hyperoside biosynthesis pathway has not been systematically elucidated in plants,including its original source,Hypericaceae.Our group found abundant hyperoside in the flower buds of Hypericum monogynum,and we sequenced its transcriptome to study the biosynthetic mechanism of hyperoside.After gene screening and functional verification,four kinds of key enzymes were identified.Specifically,HmF3Hs(flavanone 3-hydroxylases)and HmFLSs(flavonol synthases)could catalyze flavanones into dihydroflavonols,as well as catalyzing dihydroflavonols into flavonols.HmFLSs could also convert flavanones into flavonols and flavones with varying efficiencies.HmF3′H(flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase)was found to act broadly on 4′-hydroxyl flavonoids to produce 3′,4′-diydroxylated flavanones,dihydroflavonols,flavonols,and flavones.HmGAT(flavonoid 3-O-galactosyltransferase)would transform flavonols into the corresponding 3-O-galactosides,including hyperoside.The parallel hyperoside biosynthesis routes were thus depicted,one of which was successfully reconstructed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)by feeding naringenin,resulting in a hyperoside yield of 25 mg/l.Overall,this research not only helped us understand the interior catalytic mechanism of hyperoside in H.monogynum concerning flower development and bioactivity,but also provided valuable insights into these enzyme families.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common life-threatening disease that often requires surgical intervention,such as laparoscopic radical resection.However,despite successful surgeries,some patients experience dise...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common life-threatening disease that often requires surgical intervention,such as laparoscopic radical resection.However,despite successful surgeries,some patients experience disease relapse.Identifying the risk factors for CRC relapse can help guide clinical interventions and improve patient outcomes.AIM To determine the risk factors that may lead to CRC relapse after laparoscopic radical resection.METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis using the baseline data of 140 patients with CRC admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and January 2020.All included participants were followed up until death or for 3 years.The baseline data and laboratory indicators were compared between the patients who experienced relapse and those who did not experienced relapse.RESULTS Among the 140 patients with CRC,30 experienced relapse within 3 years after laparoscopic radical resection and 110 did not experience relapse.The relapse group had a higher frequency of rectal tumors with low differentiation and lymphatic vessel invasion than that of the non-relapse group.The expression of serum markers and the prognostic nutritional index were lower,whereas the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,expression of cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1,vascular endothelial growth factor,and Chitinase-3-like protein 1 were significantly higher in the relapse group than those in the non-relapse group.The groups did not differ significantly based on other parameters.Logistic regression analysis revealed that all the above significantly altered factors were independent risk factors for CRC relapse.CONCLUSION We identified multiple risk factors for CRC relapse following surgery,which can be considered for the clinical monitoring of patients to reduce disease recurrence and improve patient survival.展开更多
The part of China,east of the Hu Huanyong Line,is commonly referred to as eastern China.It is characterized by a high population density and a well-developed economy;it also has huge energy demands.This study assesses...The part of China,east of the Hu Huanyong Line,is commonly referred to as eastern China.It is characterized by a high population density and a well-developed economy;it also has huge energy demands.This study assesses and promotes the large-scale development of geothermal resources in eastern China by analyzing deep geological structures,geothermal regimes,and typical geothermal systems.These analyses are based on data collected from geotectology,deep geophysics,geothermics,structural geology,and petrology.Determining the distribution patterns of intermediate-to-deep geothermal resources in the region helps develop prospects for their exploitation and utilization.Eastern China hosts superimposed layers of rocks from three major,global tectonic domainsd namely Paleo-Asian,Circum-Pacific,and Tethyan rocks.The structure of its crust and mantle exhibits a special flyover pattern,with basins and mountains as well as well-spaced uplifts and depressions alternatively on top.The lithosphere in Northeast China and North China is characterized by a thin,low density crust and mantle,whereas the lithosphere in South China has a thin,low density crust and a thick,high density mantle.The middle and upper crust contain geobodies with high conductivity and low velocity,with varying degrees of development that create favorable conditions for the formation and enrichment of geothermal resources.Moderate-to-high temperature geothermal resources are distributed in the MesozoiceCenozoic basins in eastern China,although moderate temperature geothermal resources with low abundance dominate.Porous sandstone reservoirs,karstified fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs,and fissured granite reservoirs are the main types of geothermal reservoirs in this region.Under the currently available technical conditions,the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources in eastern China favor direct utilization over large-scale geothermal power generation.In Northeast China and North China,geothermal resources could be applied for large-scale geothermal heating purposes;geothermal heating could be applied during winter along parts of the Yangtze River while geothermal cooling would be more suitable for summer there;geothermal cooling could also be applied to much of South China.Geothermal resources can also be applied to high value-added industries,to aid agricultural practices,and for tourism.展开更多
目的:研究1~6岁早产儿近视患者屈光参数的变化,探讨早产儿近视发生发展与屈光参数的关系。方法:收集2016-01/2018-12在湖南省儿童医院眼科门诊随诊的1~6岁早产儿近视者158例316眼作为早产儿近视组,选取同期随诊的早产儿非近视者164例32...目的:研究1~6岁早产儿近视患者屈光参数的变化,探讨早产儿近视发生发展与屈光参数的关系。方法:收集2016-01/2018-12在湖南省儿童医院眼科门诊随诊的1~6岁早产儿近视者158例316眼作为早产儿近视组,选取同期随诊的早产儿非近视者164例328眼作为早产儿非近视组。检测并分析两组受检者角膜曲率(CR)、前房深度(ACD)、玻璃体腔深度(VITR)、眼轴长度(AL)、晶状体厚度(LT)等屈光参数。结果:1~3岁受检者中,早产儿近视组较早产儿非近视组CR陡(44.47±1.14D vs 43.38±1.22D),AL延长(21.89±0.71mm vs 21.24±0.56mm)(均P<0.05),而ACD、VITR及LT值无明显差异(均P>0.05);4~6岁受检者中,早产儿近视组较早产儿非近视组AL延长(22.49±1.32mm vs21.43±0.72mm,P<0.05),而CR、ACD、VITR及AT值无明显差异(均P>0.05)。1~3岁早产儿高度近视患者较低、中度近视患者CR陡、AL长,4~6岁早产儿高度近视患者较低、中度近视患者VITR深、AL长。结论:屈光参数发育不匹配可能是早产儿近视发生的原因之一,其中眼轴长度变化起主要作用,而角膜曲率陡是低龄(≤3岁)早产儿近视发展的重要因素之一。展开更多
How ophiolitic mèlanges can be defined as sutures is controversial with regard to accretionary orogenesis and continental growth.The Chinese Altay,East junggar,Tianshan,and Beishan belts of the southern Central A...How ophiolitic mèlanges can be defined as sutures is controversial with regard to accretionary orogenesis and continental growth.The Chinese Altay,East junggar,Tianshan,and Beishan belts of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB) in Northwest China,offer a special natural laboratory to resolve this puzzle.In the Chinese Altay,the Erqis unit consists of ophiolitic melanges and coherent assemblages,forming a Paleozoic accretionary complex.At least two ophiolitic melanges(Armantai,and Kelameili) in East Junggar,characterized by imbricated ophiolitic melanges,Nb-enriched basalts,adakitic rocks and volcanic rocks,belong to a Devonian-Carboniferous intra-oceanic island arc with some Paleozoic ophiolites,superimposed by Permian arc volcanism.In the Tianshan,ophiolitic melanges like Kanggurtag,North Tianshan,and South Tianshan occur as part of some Paleozoic accretionary complexes related to amalgamation of arc terranes.In the Beishan there are also several ophiolitic melanges,including the Hongshishan,Xingxingxia-Shibangjing,Hongliuhe-Xichangjing,and Liuyuan ophiolitic units.Most ophiolitic melanges in the study area are characterized by ultramafic,mafic and other components,which are juxtaposed,or even emplaced as lenses and knockers in a matrix of some coherent units.The tectonic settings of various components are different,and some adjacent units in the same melange show contrasting different tectonic settings.The formation ages of these various components are in a wide spectrum,varying from Neoproterozoic to Permian.Therefore we cannot assume that these ophiolitic melanges always form in linear sutures as a result of the closure of specific oceans.Often the ophiolitic components formed either as the substrate of intra-oceanic arcs,or were accreted as lenses or knockers in subduction-accretion complexes.Using published age and paleogeographic constraints,we propose the presence of (1) a major early Paleozoic tectonic boundary that separates the Chinese Altay-East Junggar multiple subduction systems of the southern Siberian active margin from those of the northern Tarim;and (2) a major Permian suture zone that separates the Tianshan-Beishan from the northern active margin of the Tarim Craton.These new observations and interpretations have broad implications for the architecture and crustal growth of central Asia and other ancient orogens as well.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the functions of promoter hyper- methylation of secreted frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) genes in colorectal tumorigenesis and progression. METHODS: The promoter hypermethylation and expression o...AIM: To investigate the functions of promoter hyper- methylation of secreted frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) genes in colorectal tumorigenesis and progression. METHODS: The promoter hypermethylation and expression of sFRP genes in 72 sporadic colorectal carcinomas, 33 adenomas, 18 aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colorectal cancer cell lines RKO, HCT116 and SW480 were detected by methylation-specific PCR and reverse transcription PCR, respectively. RESULTS: None of the normal colorectal mucosa tissues showed methylated bands of any of four sFRP genes. sFRP1, 2, 4 and 5 were frequently methylated in colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and ACF (sFRP1 > 85%, sFRP2 >75%, sFRP5 > 50%), and the differences between three colorectal tissues were not significant (P > 0.05). Methylation in colorectal tumors was more frequent than in normal mucosa and adjacent normal mucosa. The mRNA of sFRP1-5 genes was expressed in all normal colorectal mucosa samples. Expression of sFRP1, 2, 4 and 5 and sFRP1 , 2 and 5 was downregulated in carcinoma and adenoma, respectively. The downregulation of sFRP2, 4 and 5 was more frequent in carcinoma than in adenoma. Expression of sFRP3 which promoter has no CpG island was downregulated in only a few of colorectal tumor samples (7/105). The downregulation of sFRP1, 2, 4 and 5 expression was significantly associated with promoter hypermethylation in colorectal tumor. After cells were treated by DAC/TSA combination, the silenced sFRP mRNA expression could be effectively re-expressed in colorectal cancer cell lines.CONCLUSION: Hypermethylation of sFRP genes is acommon early event in the evolution of colorectal tumor, occurring frequently in ACF, which is regarded as the earliest lesion of multistage colorectal carcinogenesis. It appears to functionally silence sFRP genes expression. Methylation of sFRP1, 2 and 5 genes might serve as indicators for colorectal tumor.展开更多
AIM: To determine whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) can improve the precision of breast imaging reporting and data system(BI-RADS) categorization. METHODS: A total of 230 patients with 235 solid breast lesion...AIM: To determine whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) can improve the precision of breast imaging reporting and data system(BI-RADS) categorization. METHODS: A total of 230 patients with 235 solid breast lesions classified as BI-RADS 4 on conventional ultrasound were evaluated. CEUS was performed within one week before core needle biopsy or surgical resection and a revised BI-RADS classification was assigned based on 10 CEUS imaging characteristics. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was then conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CEUS-based BI-RADS assignment with pathological examination as reference criteria. RESULTS: The CEUS-based BI-RADS evaluation classified 116/235(49.36%) lesions into category 3, 20(8.51%), 13(5.53%) and 12(5.11%) lesions into categories 4A, 4B and 4C, respectively, and 74(31.49%) into category 5. Selecting CEUS-based BI-RADS category 4A as an appropriate cut-off gave sensitivity and specificity values of 85.4% and 87.8%, respectively, for the diagnosisof malignant disease. The cancer-to-biopsy yield was 73.11% with CEUS-based BI-RADS 4A selected as the biopsy threshold compared with 40.85% otherwise, while the biopsy rate was only 42.13% compared with 100% otherwise. Overall, only 4.68% of invasive cancers were misdiagnosed.CONCLUSION: This pilot study suggests that evaluation of BI-RADS 4 breast lesions with CEUS results in reduced biopsy rates and increased cancer-to-biopsy yields.展开更多
Background: The goat(Caprahircus) is one of the most important livestock animals. Goat milk fat is an important component in the nutritional quality of goat milk. Growing evidence points to the critical roles of micro...Background: The goat(Caprahircus) is one of the most important livestock animals. Goat milk fat is an important component in the nutritional quality of goat milk. Growing evidence points to the critical roles of microRNAs(miRNAs) in lipid metabolism.Results: Using a highly sensitive method of S-poly(T) plus for miRNAs detection, we analyze the expression patterns of 715 miRNAs in goat mammary gland tissues at different stages of lactation. We observed that miR-25 expression had an inverse relationship with milk production. Overexpression of miR-25 significantly repressed triacylglycerol synthesis and lipid droplet accumulation. To explore the regulatory mechanism of miR-25 in milk lipid metabolism,we analyzed its putative target genes with bioinformatics analysis followed by 3′-UTR assays. Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 beta(PGC-1 beta), a key regulator of lipogenics was identified as a direct target of miR-25 with three specific sites within its 3′-UTR. In addition, miR-25 mimics in goat mammary epithelial cells reduced the expressions of genes involved in lipid metabolism.Conclusions: Taken together, our results show miR-25 is potentially involved in lipid metabolism and we reveal the function of the miR-25/PGC-1 beta regulatory axis during lactation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072142,31972099)Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Projects(Guike AD21220004)。
文摘Quercetin compounds have antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anticancer pharmacological functions.Longterm exposure to acrylamide(AA)can cause liver injury and endanger human health.However,whether quercetin compounds can attenuate AA-induced liver injury and the specific mechanism are not clear.Here,we studied the mechanism and structure-activity relationship of quercetin compounds in reducing AA-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.In vivo studies found that quercetin-like compounds protect against AAinduced liver injury by reducing oxidative stress levels,activating the Akt/m TOR signaling pathway to attenuate autophagy,and improving mitochondrial apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis.In vitro studies found that quercetin compounds protected Hep G2 cells from AA by attenuating the activation of AA-induced autophagy,lowering reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels by exerting antioxidant effects and thus attenuating oxidative stress,increasing mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and improving apoptosis-related proteins,thus attenuating AA-induced apoptosis.Furthermore,the conformational differences between quercetin compounds correlated with their protective capacity against AA-induced hepatotoxicity,with quercetin showing the best protective capacity due to its strongest antioxidant activity.In conclusion,quercetin compounds can protect against AA-induced liver injury through multiple pathways of oxidative stress,autophagy and apoptosis,and their protective capacity correlates with antioxidant activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52372003)the Funds from Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
文摘Quasi-one-dimensional(1D)antiferromagnets are known to display intriguing phenomena especially when there is a spin gap in their spin-excitation spectra.Here we demonstrate that a spin gap exists in the quasi-1D Heisenberg antiferromagnet CoTi2O5 with highly ordered Co2+/Ti4+occupation,in which the Co2+ions with S=3/2 form a 1D spin chain along the a-axis.CoTi2O5 undergoes an antiferromagnetic transition at TN~24 K and exhibits obvious anisotropic magnetic susceptibility even in the paramagnetic region.Although a gapless magnetic ground state is usually expected in a quasi-1D Heisenberg antiferromagnet with half-integer spins,by analyzing the specific heat,the thermal conductivity,and the spin-lattice relaxation rate(1/T1)as a function of temperature,we found that a spin gap is opened in the spin-excitation spectrum of CoTi2O5 around TN,manifested by the rapid decrease of magnetic specific heat to zero,the double-peak characteristic in thermal conductivity,and the exponential decay of 1/T1 below TN.Both the magnetic measurements and the first-principles calculations results indicate that there is spin-orbit coupling in CoTi2O5,which induces the magnetic anisotropy in CoTi2O5,and then opens the spin gap at low temperature.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC1909803)the Basic Science Center Project for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72088101)the Graduate Research and Innovative Project of Central South University(No.506021739)。
文摘To realize the comprehensive utilization of ludwigite ore,an integrated and efficient route for the boron and iron separation was proposed in this work,which via soda-ash roasting under CO–CO_(2)–N_(2) atmosphere followed by grind-leaching,magnetic separation,and CO_(2) carbonation.The effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,CO/(CO+CO_(2))composition,and Na_(2)CO_(3) dosage on the boron and iron separation indices were primarily investigated.Under the optimized conditions of the roasting temperature of 850℃,roasting time of 60 min,soda ash dosage of 20 wt%,and CO/(CO+CO_(2)) of 10 vol%,92%of boron was leached during wet grinding,and 88.6%of iron was recovered during the magnetic separation and magnetic concentrate with a total iron content of 61.51 wt%.Raman spectra and^(11)B NMR results indicated that boron exists asB(OH)_(4)^(-) in the leachate,from which high-purity borax pentahydrate could be prepared by CO_(2) carbonation.
基金This study was financially supported by National Key Research and Development projects(No.2019YFC0604903,No.2021YFA0716004)by Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20B6001).
文摘Granites play a crucial role in the Earth's thermal regime and its evolution.Radiogenic heat production(RHP)by the decay of radioactive elements(U,Th,K)in granites is a significant parameter in estimating the thermal structure of the lithosphere.RHP variability of granites with their emplacement ages could provide insights for thermal modeling in different geological epochs.An aggregated RHP from 2877 globally-distributed granitic samples of continental crust are analyzed for this study;these sample cover the entire geological history.The average bulk RHP in all types of granitic rocks of all ages is 2.92±1.86μW/m^(3).The RHP tends to increase gradually with progressively younger geologic emplacement age,based on a statistical analysis of the data.However,the youngest granites do not necessarily have the highest RHP.The mean RHP in 181 representative Cenozoic Himalayan leucogranitesdwhich are the youngest granites found on Earth,is as low as 1.84μW/m^(3).This is probably related to the initial conditions of magma formation,magmatic source material,and differentiation processes in the HimalayaneTibetan plateau.By correcting the decay factor,variations of the RHP in the emplaced granitic rocks are obtained,indicating the changing levels of heat production and different thermal regimes on Earth in various geological epochs.The highest RHP in granitic rocks emplaced in the Archean and Early Proterozoic corresponds to two global-scale collisional events during supercontinent cycles,at 2.7 and 1.9 Ga respectively.RHPs of granites can be an important indicator in the study of Earth's thermal regime and its evolution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31702090)Key R&D program of Zhejiang Province(2022C04017)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Major Science and Technology Projects on Agricultural New Varieties Selection and Breeding(2021C02068-6)Opening fund in Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition(Zhejiang University,KLMAN202103).
文摘Background:In rodents,research has revealed a role of liver X receptors(LXR) in controlling lipid homeostasis and regulating the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA).Recent data suggest that LXRB is the predominant LXR subtype in ruminant mammary cells,but its role in lipid metabolism is unknown.It was hypothesized that LXRB plays a role in lipid homeostasis via altering the synthesis of PUFA in the ruminant mammary gland.We used overexpression and knockdown of LXRB in goat primary mammary epithelial cells(GMEC) to evaluate abundance of lipogenic enzymes,fatty acid profiles,content of lipid stores and activity of the stearoyl-Co A desaturase(SCD1) promoter.Results:Overexpression of LXRB markedly upregulated the protein abundance of LXRB while incubation with si RNA targeting LXRB markedly decreased abundance of LXRB protein.Overexpression of LXRB plus T0901317(T09,a ligand for LXR) dramatically upregulated SCD1 and elongation of very long chain fatty acid-like fatty acid elongases 5–7(ELOVL 5–7),which are related to PUFA synthesis.Compared with the control,cells overexpressing LXRB and stimulated with T09 had greater concentrations of C16:0,16:1,18:1n7,18:1n9 and C18:2 as well as desaturation and elongation indices of C16:0.Furthermore,LXRB-overexpressing cells incubated with T09 had greater levels of triacylglycerol and cholesterol.Knockdown of LXRB in cells incubated with T09 led to downregulation of genes encoding elongases and desaturases.Knockdown of LXRB attenuated the increase in triacylglycerol and cholesterol that was induced by T09.In cells treated with dimethylsulfoxide,knockdown of LXRB increased the concentration of C16:0 at the expense of C18:0,while a significant decrease in C18:2 was observed in cells incubated with both si LXRB and T09.The abundance of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 precursor(p SREBP1) and its mature fragment(n SREBP1) was upregulated by T09,but not LXRB overexpression.In the cells cultured with T09,knockdown of LXRB downregulated the abundance for p SREBP1 and n SREBP1.Luciferase reporter assays revealed that the activities of wild type SCD1 promoter or fragment with SREBP1 response element(SRE) mutation were decreased markedly when LXRB was knocked down.Activity of the SCD1 promoter that was induced by T09 was blocked when the SRE mutation was introduced.Conclusion:The current study provides evidence of a physiological link between the LXRB and SREBP1 in the ruminant mammary cell.An important role was revealed for the LXRB-SREBP1 network in the synthesis of PUFA via the regulation of genes encoding elongases and desaturases.Thus,targeting this network might elicit broad effects on lipid homeostasis in ruminant mammary gland.
基金The authors acknowledge financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1505700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22205232,51971157 and 21601187)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20210324115412035 and ZDSYS20210813095534001).
文摘Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered increasingly growing attention in renewable energy scenarios,especially in electrocatalysis due to their unique high efficiency of atom utilization and flexible electronic structure adjustability.The intensive efforts towards the rational design and synthesis of SACs with versatile local configurations have significantly accelerated the development of efficient and sustainable electrocatalysts for a wide range of electrochemical applications.As an emergent coordination avenue,intentionally breaking the planar symmetry of SACs by adding ligands in the axial direction of metal single atoms offers a novel approach for the tuning of both geometric and electronic structures,thereby enhancing electrocatalytic performance at active sites.In this review,we briefly outline the burgeoning research topic of axially coordinated SACs and provide a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in their synthetic strategies and electrocatalytic applications.Besides,the challenges and outlooks in this research field have also been emphasized.The present review provides an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the axial coordination design of SACs,which could bring new perspectives and solutions for fine regulation of the electronic structures of SACs catering to high-performing energy electrocatalysis.
基金This research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2018J01470 and 2021J01137)Scientific research projects of introducing talents in Wuyi University(YJ202109)+2 种基金Special fund for scientific and technological innovation of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(CXZX2020081A)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-17)The funders had no role in the study design,data collection,and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Calmodulin(CaM)proteins play a key role in signal transduction under various stresses.In the present study,the effects of a sugarcane ScCaM gene(NCBI accession number:GQ246454)on drought and salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and Escherichia coli cells were evaluated.The results demonstrated a significant negative role of ScCaM in the drought and salt stress tolerance of transgenic lines of A.thaliana,as indicated by the phenotypes.In addition,the expression of AtP5CS and AtRD29A,two genes tightly related to stress resistance,was significantly lower in the overexpression lines than in the wild type.The growth of E.coli BL21 cells expressing ScCaM showed weaker tolerance under mannitol and NaCl stress.Taken together,this study revealed that the ScCaM gene plays a negative regulatory role in both mannitol and NaCl stresses,and it possibly exerts protective mechanisms common in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes under stress conditions.
基金supported by Shandong Social Science Planning and Research Project in 2021(No.21CPYJ40).
文摘The purpose of introducing blockchain into electronic archives sharing and utilization is to break the information barrier between electronic archives sharing departments by relying on technologies such as smart contract and asymmetric encryption.Aiming at the problem of dynamic permission management in common access control methods,a new access control method based on smart contract under blockchain is proposed,which improves the intelligence level under blockchain technology.Firstly,the Internet attribute access control model based on smart contract is established.For the dynamic access of heterogeneous devices,the management contract,permission judgment contract and access control contract are designed;Secondly,the access object credit evaluation algorithm based on particle swarm optimization radial basis function(PSO-RBF)neural network is used to dynamically generate the access node credit threshold combined with the access policy,so as to realize the intelligent access right management method.Finally,combined with the abovemodels and algorithms,the workflow of electronic archives sharing and utilization model of multi blockchain is constructed.The experimental results show that the timeconsuming of the process increases linearly with the number of continuous access to electronic archives blocks,and the secure access control of sharing and utilization is feasible,secure and effective.
基金This research was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC2005900)The Key Research and Development Program Jointly Implemented by Sichuan and Chongqing(No.cstc2020jscx-cylhX002).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32070389)the‘Double First-Class’University project of China Pharmaceutical University(CPU2022QZ29).
文摘Hyperoside is a bioactive flavonoid galactoside in both medicinal and edible plants.It plays an important physiological role in the growth of flower buds.However,the hyperoside biosynthesis pathway has not been systematically elucidated in plants,including its original source,Hypericaceae.Our group found abundant hyperoside in the flower buds of Hypericum monogynum,and we sequenced its transcriptome to study the biosynthetic mechanism of hyperoside.After gene screening and functional verification,four kinds of key enzymes were identified.Specifically,HmF3Hs(flavanone 3-hydroxylases)and HmFLSs(flavonol synthases)could catalyze flavanones into dihydroflavonols,as well as catalyzing dihydroflavonols into flavonols.HmFLSs could also convert flavanones into flavonols and flavones with varying efficiencies.HmF3′H(flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase)was found to act broadly on 4′-hydroxyl flavonoids to produce 3′,4′-diydroxylated flavanones,dihydroflavonols,flavonols,and flavones.HmGAT(flavonoid 3-O-galactosyltransferase)would transform flavonols into the corresponding 3-O-galactosides,including hyperoside.The parallel hyperoside biosynthesis routes were thus depicted,one of which was successfully reconstructed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)by feeding naringenin,resulting in a hyperoside yield of 25 mg/l.Overall,this research not only helped us understand the interior catalytic mechanism of hyperoside in H.monogynum concerning flower development and bioactivity,but also provided valuable insights into these enzyme families.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common life-threatening disease that often requires surgical intervention,such as laparoscopic radical resection.However,despite successful surgeries,some patients experience disease relapse.Identifying the risk factors for CRC relapse can help guide clinical interventions and improve patient outcomes.AIM To determine the risk factors that may lead to CRC relapse after laparoscopic radical resection.METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis using the baseline data of 140 patients with CRC admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and January 2020.All included participants were followed up until death or for 3 years.The baseline data and laboratory indicators were compared between the patients who experienced relapse and those who did not experienced relapse.RESULTS Among the 140 patients with CRC,30 experienced relapse within 3 years after laparoscopic radical resection and 110 did not experience relapse.The relapse group had a higher frequency of rectal tumors with low differentiation and lymphatic vessel invasion than that of the non-relapse group.The expression of serum markers and the prognostic nutritional index were lower,whereas the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,expression of cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1,vascular endothelial growth factor,and Chitinase-3-like protein 1 were significantly higher in the relapse group than those in the non-relapse group.The groups did not differ significantly based on other parameters.Logistic regression analysis revealed that all the above significantly altered factors were independent risk factors for CRC relapse.CONCLUSION We identified multiple risk factors for CRC relapse following surgery,which can be considered for the clinical monitoring of patients to reduce disease recurrence and improve patient survival.
基金This work was funded by a number of scientific research programs,including grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China,titled‘Evaluation and Optimal Target Selection of Deep Geothermal Resources in the Igneous Province in South China’(Project No.2019YFC0604903)‘Analysis and Geothermal Reservoir Stimulation Methods of Deep High-temperature Geothermal Systems in East China’(Project No.2021YFA0716004)+2 种基金a grant from the Joint Fund Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Sinopec,titled‘Deep Geological Processes and Resource Effects of Basins’(Project No.U20B6001)two grants from the Sinopec Science and Technology Research Program,titled'Single well evaluation of Well Fushenre 1 and study on the potential of deep geothermal resources in Hainan'(Project No.P23131)‘Siting and Target Evaluation of Deep Geothermal Resources in Key Areas of Southeastern China’(Project No.P20041-1).
文摘The part of China,east of the Hu Huanyong Line,is commonly referred to as eastern China.It is characterized by a high population density and a well-developed economy;it also has huge energy demands.This study assesses and promotes the large-scale development of geothermal resources in eastern China by analyzing deep geological structures,geothermal regimes,and typical geothermal systems.These analyses are based on data collected from geotectology,deep geophysics,geothermics,structural geology,and petrology.Determining the distribution patterns of intermediate-to-deep geothermal resources in the region helps develop prospects for their exploitation and utilization.Eastern China hosts superimposed layers of rocks from three major,global tectonic domainsd namely Paleo-Asian,Circum-Pacific,and Tethyan rocks.The structure of its crust and mantle exhibits a special flyover pattern,with basins and mountains as well as well-spaced uplifts and depressions alternatively on top.The lithosphere in Northeast China and North China is characterized by a thin,low density crust and mantle,whereas the lithosphere in South China has a thin,low density crust and a thick,high density mantle.The middle and upper crust contain geobodies with high conductivity and low velocity,with varying degrees of development that create favorable conditions for the formation and enrichment of geothermal resources.Moderate-to-high temperature geothermal resources are distributed in the MesozoiceCenozoic basins in eastern China,although moderate temperature geothermal resources with low abundance dominate.Porous sandstone reservoirs,karstified fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs,and fissured granite reservoirs are the main types of geothermal reservoirs in this region.Under the currently available technical conditions,the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources in eastern China favor direct utilization over large-scale geothermal power generation.In Northeast China and North China,geothermal resources could be applied for large-scale geothermal heating purposes;geothermal heating could be applied during winter along parts of the Yangtze River while geothermal cooling would be more suitable for summer there;geothermal cooling could also be applied to much of South China.Geothermal resources can also be applied to high value-added industries,to aid agricultural practices,and for tourism.
文摘目的:研究1~6岁早产儿近视患者屈光参数的变化,探讨早产儿近视发生发展与屈光参数的关系。方法:收集2016-01/2018-12在湖南省儿童医院眼科门诊随诊的1~6岁早产儿近视者158例316眼作为早产儿近视组,选取同期随诊的早产儿非近视者164例328眼作为早产儿非近视组。检测并分析两组受检者角膜曲率(CR)、前房深度(ACD)、玻璃体腔深度(VITR)、眼轴长度(AL)、晶状体厚度(LT)等屈光参数。结果:1~3岁受检者中,早产儿近视组较早产儿非近视组CR陡(44.47±1.14D vs 43.38±1.22D),AL延长(21.89±0.71mm vs 21.24±0.56mm)(均P<0.05),而ACD、VITR及LT值无明显差异(均P>0.05);4~6岁受检者中,早产儿近视组较早产儿非近视组AL延长(22.49±1.32mm vs21.43±0.72mm,P<0.05),而CR、ACD、VITR及AT值无明显差异(均P>0.05)。1~3岁早产儿高度近视患者较低、中度近视患者CR陡、AL长,4~6岁早产儿高度近视患者较低、中度近视患者VITR深、AL长。结论:屈光参数发育不匹配可能是早产儿近视发生的原因之一,其中眼轴长度变化起主要作用,而角膜曲率陡是低龄(≤3岁)早产儿近视发展的重要因素之一。
基金financially supported by the Basic Science Center Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72088101)the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51874355)the Special Funding of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020T130730)。
基金financially supported by the Chinese National Basic Research 973 Program(2012CB416604,2007CB411307)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41230207,41390441,41190075)the One Hundred Talent Program B of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘How ophiolitic mèlanges can be defined as sutures is controversial with regard to accretionary orogenesis and continental growth.The Chinese Altay,East junggar,Tianshan,and Beishan belts of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB) in Northwest China,offer a special natural laboratory to resolve this puzzle.In the Chinese Altay,the Erqis unit consists of ophiolitic melanges and coherent assemblages,forming a Paleozoic accretionary complex.At least two ophiolitic melanges(Armantai,and Kelameili) in East Junggar,characterized by imbricated ophiolitic melanges,Nb-enriched basalts,adakitic rocks and volcanic rocks,belong to a Devonian-Carboniferous intra-oceanic island arc with some Paleozoic ophiolites,superimposed by Permian arc volcanism.In the Tianshan,ophiolitic melanges like Kanggurtag,North Tianshan,and South Tianshan occur as part of some Paleozoic accretionary complexes related to amalgamation of arc terranes.In the Beishan there are also several ophiolitic melanges,including the Hongshishan,Xingxingxia-Shibangjing,Hongliuhe-Xichangjing,and Liuyuan ophiolitic units.Most ophiolitic melanges in the study area are characterized by ultramafic,mafic and other components,which are juxtaposed,or even emplaced as lenses and knockers in a matrix of some coherent units.The tectonic settings of various components are different,and some adjacent units in the same melange show contrasting different tectonic settings.The formation ages of these various components are in a wide spectrum,varying from Neoproterozoic to Permian.Therefore we cannot assume that these ophiolitic melanges always form in linear sutures as a result of the closure of specific oceans.Often the ophiolitic components formed either as the substrate of intra-oceanic arcs,or were accreted as lenses or knockers in subduction-accretion complexes.Using published age and paleogeographic constraints,we propose the presence of (1) a major early Paleozoic tectonic boundary that separates the Chinese Altay-East Junggar multiple subduction systems of the southern Siberian active margin from those of the northern Tarim;and (2) a major Permian suture zone that separates the Tianshan-Beishan from the northern active margin of the Tarim Craton.These new observations and interpretations have broad implications for the architecture and crustal growth of central Asia and other ancient orogens as well.
基金Supported by the Special-purpose Scientific Research Foundation for University Doctorate Project of the Ministry of Education of China, No. 301090255
文摘AIM: To investigate the functions of promoter hyper- methylation of secreted frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) genes in colorectal tumorigenesis and progression. METHODS: The promoter hypermethylation and expression of sFRP genes in 72 sporadic colorectal carcinomas, 33 adenomas, 18 aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colorectal cancer cell lines RKO, HCT116 and SW480 were detected by methylation-specific PCR and reverse transcription PCR, respectively. RESULTS: None of the normal colorectal mucosa tissues showed methylated bands of any of four sFRP genes. sFRP1, 2, 4 and 5 were frequently methylated in colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and ACF (sFRP1 > 85%, sFRP2 >75%, sFRP5 > 50%), and the differences between three colorectal tissues were not significant (P > 0.05). Methylation in colorectal tumors was more frequent than in normal mucosa and adjacent normal mucosa. The mRNA of sFRP1-5 genes was expressed in all normal colorectal mucosa samples. Expression of sFRP1, 2, 4 and 5 and sFRP1 , 2 and 5 was downregulated in carcinoma and adenoma, respectively. The downregulation of sFRP2, 4 and 5 was more frequent in carcinoma than in adenoma. Expression of sFRP3 which promoter has no CpG island was downregulated in only a few of colorectal tumor samples (7/105). The downregulation of sFRP1, 2, 4 and 5 expression was significantly associated with promoter hypermethylation in colorectal tumor. After cells were treated by DAC/TSA combination, the silenced sFRP mRNA expression could be effectively re-expressed in colorectal cancer cell lines.CONCLUSION: Hypermethylation of sFRP genes is acommon early event in the evolution of colorectal tumor, occurring frequently in ACF, which is regarded as the earliest lesion of multistage colorectal carcinogenesis. It appears to functionally silence sFRP genes expression. Methylation of sFRP1, 2 and 5 genes might serve as indicators for colorectal tumor.
文摘AIM: To determine whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) can improve the precision of breast imaging reporting and data system(BI-RADS) categorization. METHODS: A total of 230 patients with 235 solid breast lesions classified as BI-RADS 4 on conventional ultrasound were evaluated. CEUS was performed within one week before core needle biopsy or surgical resection and a revised BI-RADS classification was assigned based on 10 CEUS imaging characteristics. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was then conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CEUS-based BI-RADS assignment with pathological examination as reference criteria. RESULTS: The CEUS-based BI-RADS evaluation classified 116/235(49.36%) lesions into category 3, 20(8.51%), 13(5.53%) and 12(5.11%) lesions into categories 4A, 4B and 4C, respectively, and 74(31.49%) into category 5. Selecting CEUS-based BI-RADS category 4A as an appropriate cut-off gave sensitivity and specificity values of 85.4% and 87.8%, respectively, for the diagnosisof malignant disease. The cancer-to-biopsy yield was 73.11% with CEUS-based BI-RADS 4A selected as the biopsy threshold compared with 40.85% otherwise, while the biopsy rate was only 42.13% compared with 100% otherwise. Overall, only 4.68% of invasive cancers were misdiagnosed.CONCLUSION: This pilot study suggests that evaluation of BI-RADS 4 breast lesions with CEUS results in reduced biopsy rates and increased cancer-to-biopsy yields.
基金supported by the Transgenic Project from the Ministry of Agriculture [2014ZX08009-051B to JL]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81370151 and 81570046 to DG,31701185 to HQ and81700054 to YZ]+3 种基金the Shenzhen Municipal Basic Research Program[JCYJ20150729104027220 to DG and JCYJ20160520174217859 to HQ]Shenzhen University Interdisciplinary Innovation Team Project [000003 to DG]Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2017A030310450to HQ]Research Project of Shenzhen Technology University [201731 to HQ]
文摘Background: The goat(Caprahircus) is one of the most important livestock animals. Goat milk fat is an important component in the nutritional quality of goat milk. Growing evidence points to the critical roles of microRNAs(miRNAs) in lipid metabolism.Results: Using a highly sensitive method of S-poly(T) plus for miRNAs detection, we analyze the expression patterns of 715 miRNAs in goat mammary gland tissues at different stages of lactation. We observed that miR-25 expression had an inverse relationship with milk production. Overexpression of miR-25 significantly repressed triacylglycerol synthesis and lipid droplet accumulation. To explore the regulatory mechanism of miR-25 in milk lipid metabolism,we analyzed its putative target genes with bioinformatics analysis followed by 3′-UTR assays. Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 beta(PGC-1 beta), a key regulator of lipogenics was identified as a direct target of miR-25 with three specific sites within its 3′-UTR. In addition, miR-25 mimics in goat mammary epithelial cells reduced the expressions of genes involved in lipid metabolism.Conclusions: Taken together, our results show miR-25 is potentially involved in lipid metabolism and we reveal the function of the miR-25/PGC-1 beta regulatory axis during lactation.
