BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine...BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine for advanced PC.AIM To explore how to obtain appropriate puncture tissues from EUS-FNB and optimize the strategy for efficiently constructing PCOs,providing an efficient tool for the advancement of personalized medicine.METHODS Patients who underwent EUS-FNB for the diagnosis of PC tissue were prospectively enrolled.We refined the endoscopic biopsy procedures and organoid cultivation techniques.All tissue specimens verified by on-site pathological assessment were cultured in a semi-suspended medium in a microfluidic environment.We assessed differences in PCOs cultured beyond and below five generations examining patient demographics,specimen and organoid attributes,and the sensitivity of organoids to a panel of clinical drugs through cell viability assays.RESULTS In this study,16 patients with PC were recruited,one sample was excluded because onsite cytopathology showed no tumor cells.Successful organoid generation occurred in 93.3%(14 of 15)of the EUS-FNB specimens,with 60%(9 of 15)sustaining over five generations.Among these patients,those with a history of diabetes,familial cancer,or larger tumors exhibited enhanced PCO expandability.The key factors influencing longterm PCOs expansion included initial needle sample quality(P=0.005),rapid initiation of organoid culture postisolation(P≤0.001),and high organoid activity(P=0.031).Drug sensitivity analysis revealed a partial response in two patients following therapeutic intervention and surgery and stable disease in four patients,indicating a moderate correlation between organoid response and clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION Optimal initial needle sampling,rapid and precise biopsy sample processing,process isolated samples as soon as possible,and sufficient cellular material are crucial for successful cultivating PCOs.High organoid activity is an important factor in maintaining their long-term expansion,which is essential for shortening the time of drug sensitivity analysis and is the basis of PC research.展开更多
Objective Inflammation is involved in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR)has emerged as a marker for various infla...Objective Inflammation is involved in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR)has emerged as a marker for various inflammation-related diseases.The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the MHR and NAFLD in a population with childhood obesity.Methods Based on hepatic ultrasound,a total of 504 children with obesity(357 with NAFLD and 147 without NAFLD)were included in the study.The correlation between the MHR and NAFLD risk factors was assessed by Pearson’s and Spearman’s analyses.Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the association between the MHR and the risk of NAFLD.Results The MHR in patients with NAFLD was significantly greater than that in patients without NAFLD[0.52(0.44-0.67)versus 0.44(0.34-0.57),P<0.001].Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the MHR[odds ratio(OR):1.033,95%confidence interval(CI):1.015-1.051;P<0.001]was an independent predictor of NAFLD in childhood obesity patients,as were age(OR:1.205,95%CI:1.059-1.371;P=0.005],waist circumference[OR:1.037,95%CI:1.008-1.067;P=0.012],and alanine transaminase[OR:1.067,95%CI:1.045-1.089;P<0.001].Additionally,MHR quartiles showed a significant positive association with the incidence of NAFLD after adjusting for potential confounding factors.Conclusion The present study showed that the MHR may serve as an available and useful indicator of NAFLD in individuals with childhood obesity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)poses a prevalent challenge in current reperfusion therapies,with an absence of efficacious interventions to address the underlying causes.AIM To investigate whet...BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)poses a prevalent challenge in current reperfusion therapies,with an absence of efficacious interventions to address the underlying causes.AIM To investigate whether the extracellular vesicles(EVs)secreted by adipose mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs)derived from subcutaneous inguinal adipose tissue(IAT)underγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)induction(GABA-EVs^(IAT))demonstrate a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS We investigated the potential protective effects of EVs derived from mouse ADSCs pretreated with GABA.We assessed cardiomyocyte injury using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays.The integrity of cardiomyocyte mitochondria morphology was assessed using electron microscopy across various intervention backgrounds.To explore the functional RNA diversity between EVs^(IAT)and GABA-EVs^(IAT),we employed microRNA(miR)sequencing.Through a dual-luciferase reporter assay,we confirmed the molecular mechanism by which EVs mediate thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP).Western blotting and immunofluorescence were conducted to determine how TXNIP is involved in mediation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.RESULTS Our study demonstrates that,under the influence of GABA,ADSCs exhibit an increased capacity to encapsulate a higher abundance of miR-21-5p within EVs.Consequently,this leads to a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress compared to EVs from ADSCs without GABA intervention,ultimately resulting in myocardial protection.On a molecular mechanism level,EVs regulate the expression of TXNIP and mitigating excessive oxidative stress in mitochondria during MIRI process to rescue cardiomyocytes.CONCLUSION Administration of GABA leads to the specific loading of miR-21-5p into EVs by ADSCs,thereby regulating the expression of TXNIP.The EVs derived from ADSCs treated with GABA effectively ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitigates cardiomyocytes damage in the pathological process of MIRI.展开更多
Background:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plays a vital role in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer(GC),however,optimizing its effectiveness remains an important research focus.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),a promi...Background:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plays a vital role in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer(GC),however,optimizing its effectiveness remains an important research focus.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),a promising adjunctive therapy,has shown enhanced clinical outcomes when combined with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.Therefore,this study is designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Huayu Jiedu decoction combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy FLOT in the treatment of advanced GC.Methods:This study is a prospective,double-arm,randomized controlled trial.It involves a total of 260 patients diagnosed with advanced GC,who will be randomly assigned to two groups-a TCM treatment group and a control group,each comprising 130 patients.All patients will receive standard FLOT chemotherapy,and patients in the TCM treatment group will additionally receive TCM treatment with Yiqi Huayu Jiedu decoction.After four cycles of chemotherapy,GC D2 radical surgery will be performed.The primary objective is to evaluate the postoperative pathological response rate of the tumor.The secondary objectives include evaluating the perioperative nutritional status,the efficacy of TCM syndrome,and adverse events associated with both chemotherapy and surgery.Discussion:Currently,no trials have investigated the impact of TCM in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the preoperative treatment in patients with advanced GC.Accordingly,it is imperative to conduct this prospective study to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of this regimen,meanwhile providing high-level clinical evidence for TCM combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and introducing an innovative regimen for preoperative comprehensive treatment of GC.展开更多
AIM To provide more information and therapeutic methods about gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas(G-NECs) which occur rarely but are highly malignant and clinically challenging.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the cl...AIM To provide more information and therapeutic methods about gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas(G-NECs) which occur rarely but are highly malignant and clinically challenging.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of 43 G-NEC patients at our hospital between January 2007 and December 2014. The diagnosis was based on the 2010 World Health Organization criteria.RESULTS Forty-three G-NECs containing 39 small cell carcinomas and 4 large cell NECs with Ki67 > 60% were included in this study, accounting for only 0.95% of all gastric carcinomas. The median patient age was 62 years (range, 33-82) and the male-to-female ratio was 4.4:1. All patients underwent surgery, including 38 curative resections and 5 palliative resections. Among these 43 patients, nearly half(48.84%) of these tumors were located in the cardiac region of the stomach, regional lymph node metastasis was found in 31 cases(72.09%), and liver metastasis was found in 6 cases(13.95%). Follow-up information was got for 40 patients. Twentythree die of this disease with a median survival of 31 mo(range 1-90). The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rate was 77.50%, 57.04%, 44.51%, and 35.05%, respectively. Survival was better in patients with tumor located in the cardiac region of the stomach, less than 7 lymph nodes metastasis and no liver metastasis. Five patients did not undergo postoperative chemotherapy, and the median survival time for these patients was 15 mo. For the remaining 34 patients who received postoperative chemotherapy, the median survival time was 44 mo and those received etoposide, cisplatin, and Paclitaxel survived the best. One patient with resected liver metastasis who received postoperative Capecitabine plus Oxaliplatin and Paclitaxel systemic chemotherapy plus octreotide LAR(30 mg intramuscularly, every 4 wk, for 2 years) has survived for 74 mo with no recurrence.CONCLUSION G-NECs are mostly nonfunctioning, which lead to a delay in detection. Local and/or distant metastases were noticed in most patients when diagnosed, and they required postoperative medical treatment. Adjuvant etoposide, cisplatin plus Paclitaxel systemic chemotherapy is recommended for these patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Recently, more and more studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1) pathway in the immune evasion of tumors from the host immune system. However, t...BACKGROUND Recently, more and more studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1) pathway in the immune evasion of tumors from the host immune system. However, the role of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas(G-NECs) remains unknown.AIM To investigate the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and role of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in G-NECs, which occur rarely but are highly malignant and clinically defiant.METHODS We investigated the expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells and PD-1^+, CD8^+, and FOXP3^+ T cell infiltration by immunohistochemistry in 43 resected G-NEC tissue specimens. The copy number alterations of PD-L1 were assessed by qRT-PCR.RESULTS Most of the G-NECs tumor cells exhibited a near-uniform expression pattern of PD-L1, while some showed a tumor-stromal interface enhanced pattern. Of the 43G-NECs, 21(48.8%) were classified as a high PD-L1 expression group, and the high expression of PD-L1 was associated with poor overall survival(OS). The high expression of PD-L1 was correlated with abundant PD-1^+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs) instead of CD8^+ TILs and FOXP3^+ regulatory T cells(Tregs).Our analysis also suggested that the infiltration of CD8^+ TILs tended to be a favorable factor for OS, although the difference did not reach the statistical significance(P = 0.065). Meanwhile, PD-L1 was significantly overexpressed in cases with copy number gain as compared with those without.CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated for the first time that high expression of PD-L1 in GNECs is associated with a poor prognosis, while the high expression may be due to the copy number variation of PD-L1 gene or stimulation of TILs. These results provide a basis for the immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in GNECs.展开更多
BACKGROUND: CD74 is known as a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that is associated with the major histocompatibility complex class II α and β chains. Recent studies have demonstrated that the expression of CD74 is...BACKGROUND: CD74 is known as a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that is associated with the major histocompatibility complex class II α and β chains. Recent studies have demonstrated that the expression of CD74 is also linked to some forms of tumors. The present study was to assess the effect of CD74 expression on the prognosis of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC). METHODS: Forty-six patients who had received a curative resection of primary PDAC and postoperative chemotherapy were included in this study. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted of CD74 on paraffin-embedded tumor sample slices. The patients were grouped according to CD74 staining: CD74(-): CD74 positive tumor cells 【25%; and CD74(+): CD74 positive tumor cells ≥25%. The correlation of CD74 expression level with clinicopathological features and cumulative survival rate was calculated. RESULTS: The numbers of CD74(+) and(-) patients were 32 and 14, respectively. CD74(+) patients showed a high rate of perineural invasion(P=0.007). The 3- and 5-year cumulative survival rates of CD74(-) patients were significantly higher than those of CD74(+) patients(62% and 41% vs 9% and 0%, P=0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that CD74 expression and lymphatic permeation were the independent prognostic indicators. CONCLUSIONS: The overexpression of CD74 is a key factor associated with perineural invasion. Lower-stage(I and II) PDAC patients with CD74 overexpression have a poor prognosis even if they receive a curative resection. CD74 can be used as a prognostic indicator for resectable PDAC.展开更多
Significant breakthroughs of shale gas exploration have been made in Lower Cambrian and Sinian shale in the north margin of the Yangtze Block,South China.The drill wells with industrial gas flow located in the souther...Significant breakthroughs of shale gas exploration have been made in Lower Cambrian and Sinian shale in the north margin of the Yangtze Block,South China.The drill wells with industrial gas flow located in the southern margin of the Huangling dome.Base on the geological survey,2D seismic,geochronological and drill wells data,the tectonic evolution history of Huangling dome was studied,and its control effect on the preservation condition of shale gas was discussed.The result shows that the Huangling dome might undergo four tectonic stages:(1)About 800 Ma,granite intrusion in the Huangling dome basement,primarily of granites replaced metamorphism rocks;(2)800-200 Ma,no significant tectonic movement with slowly buried history;(3)From 200 Ma,multi-phase uplift and the sedimentary rocks was eroded in the core of the Huangling dome.Shale gas in the Cambrian and Sinian strata was well preserved in the margin of the Huangling dome as the following reasons:(1)The Sinian shale was buried about 7.8 km indepth during Middle Jurassic,source rocks have a suitable thermal maturity for shale gas;(2)The rigid basement of the Huangling dome was mainly composed by homogeneity granite,without intensive deformation.As the main challenges of the widely distributed Lower Cambrian and Sinian shale are highmaturity and intensive deformation,a geological unit with a dome probably is a favorable zone for the old age shale gas.Therefore,it indicates that the adjacent zone of the Xuefengshan,Shennongjia and Hannan are the geological units with a dome and probably have potentials for the exploration of shale in the Lower Cambrian and Sinian.展开更多
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from hypoxia-preconditioned(HP)mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have better cardioprotective effects against myocardial infarction(MI)in the early stage than EVs isolated from ...BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from hypoxia-preconditioned(HP)mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have better cardioprotective effects against myocardial infarction(MI)in the early stage than EVs isolated from normoxic(NC)-MSCs.However,the cardioprotective mechanisms of HP-EVs are not fully understood.AIM To explore the cardioprotective mechanism of EVs derived from HP MSCs.METHODS We evaluated the cardioprotective effects of HP-EVs or NC-EVs from mouse adipose-derived MSCs(ADSCs)following hypoxia in vitro or MI in vivo,in order to improve the survival of cardiomyocytes(CMs)and restore cardiac function.The degree of CM apoptosis in each group was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling and Annexin V/PI assays.MicroRNA(miRNA)sequencing was used to investigate the functional RNA diversity between HP-EVs and NC-EVs from mouse ADSCs.The molecular mechanism of EVs in mediating thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay.Co-immunoprecipitation,western blotting,and immunofluorescence were performed to determine if TXNIP is involved in hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha(HIF-1α)ubiquitination and degradation via the chromosomal region maintenance-1(CRM-1)-dependent nuclear transport pathway.RESULTS HP-EVs derived from MSCs reduced both infarct size(necrosis area)and apoptotic degree to a greater extent than NC-EVs from CMs subjected to hypoxia in vitro and mice with MI in vivo.Sequencing of EV-associated miRNAs showed the upregulation of 10 miRNAs predicted to bind TXNIP,an oxidative stress-associated protein.We showed miRNA224-5p,the most upregulated miRNA in HP-EVs,directly combined the 3’untranslated region of TXNIP and demonstrated its critical protective role against hypoxia-mediated CM injury.Our results demonstrated that MI triggered TXNIP-mediated HIF-1αubiquitination and degradation in the CRM-1-mediated nuclear transport pathway in CMs,which led to aggravated injury and hypoxia tolerance in CMs in the early stage of MI.CONCLUSION The anti-apoptotic effects of HP-EVs in alleviating MI and the hypoxic conditions of CMs until reperfusion therapy may partly result from EV miR-224-5p targeting TXNIP.展开更多
Background:Our previous study shows that the empirical formula of Chinese medicine Jianpi-yangwei decoction(JYD)can improve the quality of life in patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy by increasing ben...Background:Our previous study shows that the empirical formula of Chinese medicine Jianpi-yangwei decoction(JYD)can improve the quality of life in patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy by increasing beneficial gut bacteria and decreasing harmful bacteria.The present study aims to investigate the effect of JYD on gut fungi in patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Methods:A total of 73 patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy were recruited.Twenty-nine patients in the chemotherapy group were given standard chemotherapy and 44 patients in the observation group were given JYD plus standard chemotherapy.A control group(55 cases)was recruited from the healthy medical examiners.After 3 months of treatment,life-quality score was evaluated and fecal microbiota was tested by high-throughput sequencing based on the 18S rRNA gene.Results:After treatment,life-quality score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the observation and control groups’diversity and richness indices of intestinal fungi.The Chao index for intestinal fungi in the chemotherapy group was significantly lower than that in the observation group(P<0.05).There was a significant difference between the control and chemotherapy groups in the intestinal fungi according to Shannon and Simpson indices(P<0.05).Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed no significant differences among the three groups,but significant difference in intestinal fungi was observed between the observation group and the chemotherapy group.At the genus level,the relative abundance of the Aspergillus genus in the observation and control groups was significantly lower(P<0.05),the relative abundance of the Cutaneotrichosporon,Galactomyces,and Ganoderma genus taxa was significantly higher compared with those in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the observation group and control group.Conclusion:JYD can ameliorate chemotherapy-induced fungal dysbacteriosis in patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy and improve the quality of life of patients.展开更多
Objective： The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis （OA） and to assess the association between smoking patterns and OA prevalence in adults aged 50 years or...Objective： The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis （OA） and to assess the association between smoking patterns and OA prevalence in adults aged 50 years or older belonging to the Shanxi province of China.Methods： A cross-sectional study in the rural regions of the Shanxi province was conducted among 2638 Chinese adults （aged ≥50 years）. Demographic characteristics and behavioral information were collected through epidemiological surveys. All participants with joint pain underwent plain radiographic examination and were diagnosed by a professional orthopedist. Associations between smoking patterns and the prevalence of OA were assessed using binary logistic regression modeling.Results： Among 2638 individuals （men, 50.3% and women, 49.7%; mean age, 61.5 years） included in the analysis, 49.8% had radiographic OA and 27.5% had knee OA. The prevalence of radiographic OA was higher in women than in men （P〈0.001）. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, there was a nonsignificant correlation between smoking and OA prevalence in the muttivariate model. Odds ratios （ORs） for all types of OA and knee OA were higher in active and passive smokers than in nonsmoking individuals after adjustments （OR 1.374; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.049-1.802; OR 1.440; 95% CI 1.059-1.958, respectively）.Conclusions： This study showed th at smoking may not be an independent risk factor for OA; however, there was a positive correlation between active and passive smoking and OA.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Prostacyclin has been shown to increase portal hypertension, but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the overproduction of prostacyclin（PGI2） in cirrhosis participates in t...BACKGROUND： Prostacyclin has been shown to increase portal hypertension, but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the overproduction of prostacyclin（PGI2） in cirrhosis participates in the splanchnic vascular hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictors in cirrhotic rats.METHODS： Cirrhotic model was created by subcutaneous injection of 60% carbon tetrachloride（CCl4） corn oil solution combined with intermittent drinking of 5% alcohol, and agematched rats served as controls. The isolated third-generation mesenteric arterioles were used to examine the contractile response to norepinephrine. The changes in vascular diameter were observed under a microscope imaging device. The plasma concentration of 6-ketone-prostaglandin F1α（6-keto-PGF1α, a stable metabolite of PGI2） was tested via enzyme immunoassays and the expression of cyclooxygenase（COX） in mesenteric arteries was detected by Western blotting.RESULTS： In parallel with the increase of plasma 6-ketoPGF1α, the contractile response of arterioles from cirrhotic rats to norepinephrine was significantly impaired compared with that from controls. Inhibition of PGI2 or protein kinase A with indomethacin or Rp-adenosine 3＇, 5＇-cyclic monophosphothioate（Rp-cAMPS） partially reversed the vascular hypo-contractile response to norepinephrine in arterioles from cirrhotic rats.Indomethacin significantly decreased the plasma 6-keto-PGF1α.Furthermore, indomethacin significantly attenuated the effect of Rp-cAMPS on arterioles from cirrhotic rats. COX-1 expression was up-regulated in mesenteric arteries from cirrhotic rats,whereas COX-2 was not detectable in the mesenteric arteries from both cirrhotic and control rats.CONCLUSION： Enhanced COX-1 expression in cirrhotic rats resulted in elevated PGI2 production which partially contributedto the splanchnic vascular hyporesponsiveness to a vasoconstrictor via the protein kinase A pathway.展开更多
Observation of tongue coating is the characteristic content of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment. The microflora is the important component of tongue coating besides the desquamated e...Observation of tongue coating is the characteristic content of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment. The microflora is the important component of tongue coating besides the desquamated epithelial cells. Tongue coating microflora might be an important linkage between the modern medical research and the classic traditional Chinese medicine theory. Therefore, the present paper summarised the application value of tongue coating microflora in health and disease to enrich the scienti fic connotation of traditional Chinese medicine tongue diagnosis and promote the development of integration of traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine.展开更多
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)with Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion is a rare and distinct subtype of RCC that is classified under tumors with translocation of the microphthalmia-associated transcriptional ...BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)with Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion is a rare and distinct subtype of RCC that is classified under tumors with translocation of the microphthalmia-associated transcriptional factor.CASE SUMMARY We report an adult case of Xp11.2 translocation advanced RCC with metastasis(T3a N1M1),after targeted treatment,alcohol ablation,and transarterial chemoembolization,who eventually underwent successful surgical excision.No recurrence or transfer was seen within one year,and the survival period was more than 3 years.A review of the relevant literature was conducted to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis,epidemiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment,and other aspects of the disease.CONCLUSION Transarterial chemoembolization and ablation did not achieve the desired tumor reduction in this patient,but had a significant effect on reducing intraoperative bleeding and inhibiting tumor activity.展开更多
The ultrafast dissociation dynamics of NO2 molecules was investigated by femtosecond laser pump-probe mass spectra and ion images.The results show that the kinetic energy release of NO+ions has two components,0.05 eV ...The ultrafast dissociation dynamics of NO2 molecules was investigated by femtosecond laser pump-probe mass spectra and ion images.The results show that the kinetic energy release of NO+ions has two components,0.05 eV and 0.25 eV,and the possible dissociation channels have been assigned.The channel resolved transient measurement of NO^+provides a method to disentangle the contribution of ultrafast dissociation pathways,and the transient curves of NO^+ions at different kinetic energy release are fitted by a biexponential function.The fast component with a decay time of 0.25 ps is generated from the evolution of Rydberg states.The slow component is generated from two competitive channels,one of the channel is absorbing one 400nm photon to the excited state A^2B2,which has a decay time of 30.0ps,and the other slow channel is absorbing three 400nm photons to valence type Rydberg states which have a decay time less than 7.2ps.The channel and time resolved experiment present the potential of sorting out the complex ultrafast dissociation dynamics of molecules.展开更多
Objective:This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the effect of post-dilation on coronary blood flow and MACE events during hospitalization and 1 year follow-up following primary PCI in patients with ST-segm...Objective:This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the effect of post-dilation on coronary blood flow and MACE events during hospitalization and 1 year follow-up following primary PCI in patients with ST-segment.Methods:419 eligible patients who underwent PPCI due to STEMI between January 2015 and October 2019 were enrolled.The CTFC,final QCA,and the incidence of no-reflow/slow-flow during different procedure moments were assayed.Study end points was to compare two groups of patients with clinical characteristics,compared two groups of patients with the incidence of no-reflow and slow-flow,and the incidence of MACE during hospitalization and 1-year follow-up.Results:The incidence of final no-reflow/slow-flow in the post-dilation group was not significantly higher than that in the non-post-dilation group(24.3%vs.19.4%;p=0.238).There was no significant statistical difference in MACE events during hospitalization,but for the 1-year follow-up,the incidence of Target vessel revascularization and Target lesion revascularization in the post-dilation group was lower than that in the non-post-dilation group.A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that age(OR=1.078,95%CI=1.038-1.120;P<0.001),history of diabetes(OR=3.009,95%CI=1.183-7.654;P=0.021),post-dilation(OR=0.192,95%CI=0.067-0.549;P=0.002)were independently correlated with long-term follow-up of MACE.Conclusion:Post-dilation does not increase poor prognosis during hospitalization,and reduces the incidence of TVR and TLR events during long-term follow-up.展开更多
Dear Editor,Cancer neuroscience is an emerging topic in cancer research(Monje et al.,2020;Shi et al.,2022).Perineural invasion(PNI),defined as the neoplastic invasion of tumor cells into or surrounding the different l...Dear Editor,Cancer neuroscience is an emerging topic in cancer research(Monje et al.,2020;Shi et al.,2022).Perineural invasion(PNI),defined as the neoplastic invasion of tumor cells into or surrounding the different layers of nervous fibers(epineural,perineural,and endoneural spaces of the neuronal sheath),is associated with aggressive tumor behavior.展开更多
A rhodamine-based sensor has been developed for the detection of mercuric ions. The colorimetric and fluorescence responses, allowing naked-eye detections, are based on Hg^2＋-induced opening of the rhodamine spirocyc...A rhodamine-based sensor has been developed for the detection of mercuric ions. The colorimetric and fluorescence responses, allowing naked-eye detections, are based on Hg^2＋-induced opening of the rhodamine spirocycle. Among all the testes ions, only Hg^2＋generated a significant fluorescence enhancement of up to 300-fold, with a bright yellow–green emission. This sensor was a low toxic compound, and was successfully applied in the in vivo imaging of Hg^2＋in Spill 2 cells and C. elegans. This approach provides a sensitive and accurate method for the estimation of Hg^2＋in environmental, tobacco and biological applications.展开更多
基金the Chongqing Talent Plan“Contract System”Project,No.cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0137Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0003the Ethics Committee of Chongqing General Hospital.The ethics review number:No.KY S2022-045-01.
文摘BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine for advanced PC.AIM To explore how to obtain appropriate puncture tissues from EUS-FNB and optimize the strategy for efficiently constructing PCOs,providing an efficient tool for the advancement of personalized medicine.METHODS Patients who underwent EUS-FNB for the diagnosis of PC tissue were prospectively enrolled.We refined the endoscopic biopsy procedures and organoid cultivation techniques.All tissue specimens verified by on-site pathological assessment were cultured in a semi-suspended medium in a microfluidic environment.We assessed differences in PCOs cultured beyond and below five generations examining patient demographics,specimen and organoid attributes,and the sensitivity of organoids to a panel of clinical drugs through cell viability assays.RESULTS In this study,16 patients with PC were recruited,one sample was excluded because onsite cytopathology showed no tumor cells.Successful organoid generation occurred in 93.3%(14 of 15)of the EUS-FNB specimens,with 60%(9 of 15)sustaining over five generations.Among these patients,those with a history of diabetes,familial cancer,or larger tumors exhibited enhanced PCO expandability.The key factors influencing longterm PCOs expansion included initial needle sample quality(P=0.005),rapid initiation of organoid culture postisolation(P≤0.001),and high organoid activity(P=0.031).Drug sensitivity analysis revealed a partial response in two patients following therapeutic intervention and surgery and stable disease in four patients,indicating a moderate correlation between organoid response and clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION Optimal initial needle sampling,rapid and precise biopsy sample processing,process isolated samples as soon as possible,and sufficient cellular material are crucial for successful cultivating PCOs.High organoid activity is an important factor in maintaining their long-term expansion,which is essential for shortening the time of drug sensitivity analysis and is the basis of PC research.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY22H050001)the Key Project of Provincial Ministry Construction,Health Science and Technology Project Plan of Zhejiang Province(No.WKJ-ZJ-2128)+2 种基金Key Laboratory of Women’s Reproductive Health Research of Zhejiang Province(No.ZDFY2020-RH-0006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20351)Key Research and Development Plan of Zhejiang Province(No.2021C03079).
文摘Objective Inflammation is involved in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR)has emerged as a marker for various inflammation-related diseases.The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the MHR and NAFLD in a population with childhood obesity.Methods Based on hepatic ultrasound,a total of 504 children with obesity(357 with NAFLD and 147 without NAFLD)were included in the study.The correlation between the MHR and NAFLD risk factors was assessed by Pearson’s and Spearman’s analyses.Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the association between the MHR and the risk of NAFLD.Results The MHR in patients with NAFLD was significantly greater than that in patients without NAFLD[0.52(0.44-0.67)versus 0.44(0.34-0.57),P<0.001].Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the MHR[odds ratio(OR):1.033,95%confidence interval(CI):1.015-1.051;P<0.001]was an independent predictor of NAFLD in childhood obesity patients,as were age(OR:1.205,95%CI:1.059-1.371;P=0.005],waist circumference[OR:1.037,95%CI:1.008-1.067;P=0.012],and alanine transaminase[OR:1.067,95%CI:1.045-1.089;P<0.001].Additionally,MHR quartiles showed a significant positive association with the incidence of NAFLD after adjusting for potential confounding factors.Conclusion The present study showed that the MHR may serve as an available and useful indicator of NAFLD in individuals with childhood obesity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82200270.
文摘BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)poses a prevalent challenge in current reperfusion therapies,with an absence of efficacious interventions to address the underlying causes.AIM To investigate whether the extracellular vesicles(EVs)secreted by adipose mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs)derived from subcutaneous inguinal adipose tissue(IAT)underγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)induction(GABA-EVs^(IAT))demonstrate a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS We investigated the potential protective effects of EVs derived from mouse ADSCs pretreated with GABA.We assessed cardiomyocyte injury using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays.The integrity of cardiomyocyte mitochondria morphology was assessed using electron microscopy across various intervention backgrounds.To explore the functional RNA diversity between EVs^(IAT)and GABA-EVs^(IAT),we employed microRNA(miR)sequencing.Through a dual-luciferase reporter assay,we confirmed the molecular mechanism by which EVs mediate thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP).Western blotting and immunofluorescence were conducted to determine how TXNIP is involved in mediation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.RESULTS Our study demonstrates that,under the influence of GABA,ADSCs exhibit an increased capacity to encapsulate a higher abundance of miR-21-5p within EVs.Consequently,this leads to a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress compared to EVs from ADSCs without GABA intervention,ultimately resulting in myocardial protection.On a molecular mechanism level,EVs regulate the expression of TXNIP and mitigating excessive oxidative stress in mitochondria during MIRI process to rescue cardiomyocytes.CONCLUSION Administration of GABA leads to the specific loading of miR-21-5p into EVs by ADSCs,thereby regulating the expression of TXNIP.The EVs derived from ADSCs treated with GABA effectively ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitigates cardiomyocytes damage in the pathological process of MIRI.
基金This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Ethical approval number:2023NL-046-02)registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(Registration number:ChiCTR2300072742).
文摘Background:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plays a vital role in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer(GC),however,optimizing its effectiveness remains an important research focus.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),a promising adjunctive therapy,has shown enhanced clinical outcomes when combined with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.Therefore,this study is designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Huayu Jiedu decoction combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy FLOT in the treatment of advanced GC.Methods:This study is a prospective,double-arm,randomized controlled trial.It involves a total of 260 patients diagnosed with advanced GC,who will be randomly assigned to two groups-a TCM treatment group and a control group,each comprising 130 patients.All patients will receive standard FLOT chemotherapy,and patients in the TCM treatment group will additionally receive TCM treatment with Yiqi Huayu Jiedu decoction.After four cycles of chemotherapy,GC D2 radical surgery will be performed.The primary objective is to evaluate the postoperative pathological response rate of the tumor.The secondary objectives include evaluating the perioperative nutritional status,the efficacy of TCM syndrome,and adverse events associated with both chemotherapy and surgery.Discussion:Currently,no trials have investigated the impact of TCM in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the preoperative treatment in patients with advanced GC.Accordingly,it is imperative to conduct this prospective study to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of this regimen,meanwhile providing high-level clinical evidence for TCM combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and introducing an innovative regimen for preoperative comprehensive treatment of GC.
基金Supported by Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology,No.Y-N2013-014
文摘AIM To provide more information and therapeutic methods about gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas(G-NECs) which occur rarely but are highly malignant and clinically challenging.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of 43 G-NEC patients at our hospital between January 2007 and December 2014. The diagnosis was based on the 2010 World Health Organization criteria.RESULTS Forty-three G-NECs containing 39 small cell carcinomas and 4 large cell NECs with Ki67 > 60% were included in this study, accounting for only 0.95% of all gastric carcinomas. The median patient age was 62 years (range, 33-82) and the male-to-female ratio was 4.4:1. All patients underwent surgery, including 38 curative resections and 5 palliative resections. Among these 43 patients, nearly half(48.84%) of these tumors were located in the cardiac region of the stomach, regional lymph node metastasis was found in 31 cases(72.09%), and liver metastasis was found in 6 cases(13.95%). Follow-up information was got for 40 patients. Twentythree die of this disease with a median survival of 31 mo(range 1-90). The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rate was 77.50%, 57.04%, 44.51%, and 35.05%, respectively. Survival was better in patients with tumor located in the cardiac region of the stomach, less than 7 lymph nodes metastasis and no liver metastasis. Five patients did not undergo postoperative chemotherapy, and the median survival time for these patients was 15 mo. For the remaining 34 patients who received postoperative chemotherapy, the median survival time was 44 mo and those received etoposide, cisplatin, and Paclitaxel survived the best. One patient with resected liver metastasis who received postoperative Capecitabine plus Oxaliplatin and Paclitaxel systemic chemotherapy plus octreotide LAR(30 mg intramuscularly, every 4 wk, for 2 years) has survived for 74 mo with no recurrence.CONCLUSION G-NECs are mostly nonfunctioning, which lead to a delay in detection. Local and/or distant metastases were noticed in most patients when diagnosed, and they required postoperative medical treatment. Adjuvant etoposide, cisplatin plus Paclitaxel systemic chemotherapy is recommended for these patients.
基金Supported by Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning of Shanghai,China(No.20174Y0243 to Liu DJ,No.20154Y0163 to Chen XJ)Cultivating Funds of Renji Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China(No.PYXJS 16-002 to Liu W)
文摘BACKGROUND Recently, more and more studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1) pathway in the immune evasion of tumors from the host immune system. However, the role of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas(G-NECs) remains unknown.AIM To investigate the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and role of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in G-NECs, which occur rarely but are highly malignant and clinically defiant.METHODS We investigated the expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells and PD-1^+, CD8^+, and FOXP3^+ T cell infiltration by immunohistochemistry in 43 resected G-NEC tissue specimens. The copy number alterations of PD-L1 were assessed by qRT-PCR.RESULTS Most of the G-NECs tumor cells exhibited a near-uniform expression pattern of PD-L1, while some showed a tumor-stromal interface enhanced pattern. Of the 43G-NECs, 21(48.8%) were classified as a high PD-L1 expression group, and the high expression of PD-L1 was associated with poor overall survival(OS). The high expression of PD-L1 was correlated with abundant PD-1^+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs) instead of CD8^+ TILs and FOXP3^+ regulatory T cells(Tregs).Our analysis also suggested that the infiltration of CD8^+ TILs tended to be a favorable factor for OS, although the difference did not reach the statistical significance(P = 0.065). Meanwhile, PD-L1 was significantly overexpressed in cases with copy number gain as compared with those without.CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated for the first time that high expression of PD-L1 in GNECs is associated with a poor prognosis, while the high expression may be due to the copy number variation of PD-L1 gene or stimulation of TILs. These results provide a basis for the immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in GNECs.
基金supported by a grant from ShanghaiHealth Bureau(20114213)
文摘BACKGROUND: CD74 is known as a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that is associated with the major histocompatibility complex class II α and β chains. Recent studies have demonstrated that the expression of CD74 is also linked to some forms of tumors. The present study was to assess the effect of CD74 expression on the prognosis of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC). METHODS: Forty-six patients who had received a curative resection of primary PDAC and postoperative chemotherapy were included in this study. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted of CD74 on paraffin-embedded tumor sample slices. The patients were grouped according to CD74 staining: CD74(-): CD74 positive tumor cells 【25%; and CD74(+): CD74 positive tumor cells ≥25%. The correlation of CD74 expression level with clinicopathological features and cumulative survival rate was calculated. RESULTS: The numbers of CD74(+) and(-) patients were 32 and 14, respectively. CD74(+) patients showed a high rate of perineural invasion(P=0.007). The 3- and 5-year cumulative survival rates of CD74(-) patients were significantly higher than those of CD74(+) patients(62% and 41% vs 9% and 0%, P=0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that CD74 expression and lymphatic permeation were the independent prognostic indicators. CONCLUSIONS: The overexpression of CD74 is a key factor associated with perineural invasion. Lower-stage(I and II) PDAC patients with CD74 overexpression have a poor prognosis even if they receive a curative resection. CD74 can be used as a prognostic indicator for resectable PDAC.
基金This research is financially supposed by China Gelogical Survey project(1211302108020,DD20160177,DD20190081)
文摘Significant breakthroughs of shale gas exploration have been made in Lower Cambrian and Sinian shale in the north margin of the Yangtze Block,South China.The drill wells with industrial gas flow located in the southern margin of the Huangling dome.Base on the geological survey,2D seismic,geochronological and drill wells data,the tectonic evolution history of Huangling dome was studied,and its control effect on the preservation condition of shale gas was discussed.The result shows that the Huangling dome might undergo four tectonic stages:(1)About 800 Ma,granite intrusion in the Huangling dome basement,primarily of granites replaced metamorphism rocks;(2)800-200 Ma,no significant tectonic movement with slowly buried history;(3)From 200 Ma,multi-phase uplift and the sedimentary rocks was eroded in the core of the Huangling dome.Shale gas in the Cambrian and Sinian strata was well preserved in the margin of the Huangling dome as the following reasons:(1)The Sinian shale was buried about 7.8 km indepth during Middle Jurassic,source rocks have a suitable thermal maturity for shale gas;(2)The rigid basement of the Huangling dome was mainly composed by homogeneity granite,without intensive deformation.As the main challenges of the widely distributed Lower Cambrian and Sinian shale are highmaturity and intensive deformation,a geological unit with a dome probably is a favorable zone for the old age shale gas.Therefore,it indicates that the adjacent zone of the Xuefengshan,Shennongjia and Hannan are the geological units with a dome and probably have potentials for the exploration of shale in the Lower Cambrian and Sinian.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81870264 and No. 81470546the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology,No. 18411950500+1 种基金the Major Disease Joint Project of Shanghai Health System,No. 2014ZYJB0501Talent Cultivation Project of The Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,No. JC202005
文摘BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from hypoxia-preconditioned(HP)mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have better cardioprotective effects against myocardial infarction(MI)in the early stage than EVs isolated from normoxic(NC)-MSCs.However,the cardioprotective mechanisms of HP-EVs are not fully understood.AIM To explore the cardioprotective mechanism of EVs derived from HP MSCs.METHODS We evaluated the cardioprotective effects of HP-EVs or NC-EVs from mouse adipose-derived MSCs(ADSCs)following hypoxia in vitro or MI in vivo,in order to improve the survival of cardiomyocytes(CMs)and restore cardiac function.The degree of CM apoptosis in each group was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling and Annexin V/PI assays.MicroRNA(miRNA)sequencing was used to investigate the functional RNA diversity between HP-EVs and NC-EVs from mouse ADSCs.The molecular mechanism of EVs in mediating thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay.Co-immunoprecipitation,western blotting,and immunofluorescence were performed to determine if TXNIP is involved in hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha(HIF-1α)ubiquitination and degradation via the chromosomal region maintenance-1(CRM-1)-dependent nuclear transport pathway.RESULTS HP-EVs derived from MSCs reduced both infarct size(necrosis area)and apoptotic degree to a greater extent than NC-EVs from CMs subjected to hypoxia in vitro and mice with MI in vivo.Sequencing of EV-associated miRNAs showed the upregulation of 10 miRNAs predicted to bind TXNIP,an oxidative stress-associated protein.We showed miRNA224-5p,the most upregulated miRNA in HP-EVs,directly combined the 3’untranslated region of TXNIP and demonstrated its critical protective role against hypoxia-mediated CM injury.Our results demonstrated that MI triggered TXNIP-mediated HIF-1αubiquitination and degradation in the CRM-1-mediated nuclear transport pathway in CMs,which led to aggravated injury and hypoxia tolerance in CMs in the early stage of MI.CONCLUSION The anti-apoptotic effects of HP-EVs in alleviating MI and the hypoxic conditions of CMs until reperfusion therapy may partly result from EV miR-224-5p targeting TXNIP.
基金The present work was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473458)Project of Clinical Scientific Research of Medicine State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.JDZX2015091).
文摘Background:Our previous study shows that the empirical formula of Chinese medicine Jianpi-yangwei decoction(JYD)can improve the quality of life in patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy by increasing beneficial gut bacteria and decreasing harmful bacteria.The present study aims to investigate the effect of JYD on gut fungi in patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Methods:A total of 73 patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy were recruited.Twenty-nine patients in the chemotherapy group were given standard chemotherapy and 44 patients in the observation group were given JYD plus standard chemotherapy.A control group(55 cases)was recruited from the healthy medical examiners.After 3 months of treatment,life-quality score was evaluated and fecal microbiota was tested by high-throughput sequencing based on the 18S rRNA gene.Results:After treatment,life-quality score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the observation and control groups’diversity and richness indices of intestinal fungi.The Chao index for intestinal fungi in the chemotherapy group was significantly lower than that in the observation group(P<0.05).There was a significant difference between the control and chemotherapy groups in the intestinal fungi according to Shannon and Simpson indices(P<0.05).Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed no significant differences among the three groups,but significant difference in intestinal fungi was observed between the observation group and the chemotherapy group.At the genus level,the relative abundance of the Aspergillus genus in the observation and control groups was significantly lower(P<0.05),the relative abundance of the Cutaneotrichosporon,Galactomyces,and Ganoderma genus taxa was significantly higher compared with those in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the observation group and control group.Conclusion:JYD can ameliorate chemotherapy-induced fungal dysbacteriosis in patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy and improve the quality of life of patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81573245 and 81102198)Shanxi Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission Projects(No.2014169)Undergraduate Programs for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Shanxi Medical University(No.20171050)
文摘Objective： The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis （OA） and to assess the association between smoking patterns and OA prevalence in adults aged 50 years or older belonging to the Shanxi province of China.Methods： A cross-sectional study in the rural regions of the Shanxi province was conducted among 2638 Chinese adults （aged ≥50 years）. Demographic characteristics and behavioral information were collected through epidemiological surveys. All participants with joint pain underwent plain radiographic examination and were diagnosed by a professional orthopedist. Associations between smoking patterns and the prevalence of OA were assessed using binary logistic regression modeling.Results： Among 2638 individuals （men, 50.3% and women, 49.7%; mean age, 61.5 years） included in the analysis, 49.8% had radiographic OA and 27.5% had knee OA. The prevalence of radiographic OA was higher in women than in men （P〈0.001）. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, there was a nonsignificant correlation between smoking and OA prevalence in the muttivariate model. Odds ratios （ORs） for all types of OA and knee OA were higher in active and passive smokers than in nonsmoking individuals after adjustments （OR 1.374; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.049-1.802; OR 1.440; 95% CI 1.059-1.958, respectively）.Conclusions： This study showed th at smoking may not be an independent risk factor for OA; however, there was a positive correlation between active and passive smoking and OA.
基金supported by a grant from the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(10411965200)
文摘BACKGROUND： Prostacyclin has been shown to increase portal hypertension, but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the overproduction of prostacyclin（PGI2） in cirrhosis participates in the splanchnic vascular hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictors in cirrhotic rats.METHODS： Cirrhotic model was created by subcutaneous injection of 60% carbon tetrachloride（CCl4） corn oil solution combined with intermittent drinking of 5% alcohol, and agematched rats served as controls. The isolated third-generation mesenteric arterioles were used to examine the contractile response to norepinephrine. The changes in vascular diameter were observed under a microscope imaging device. The plasma concentration of 6-ketone-prostaglandin F1α（6-keto-PGF1α, a stable metabolite of PGI2） was tested via enzyme immunoassays and the expression of cyclooxygenase（COX） in mesenteric arteries was detected by Western blotting.RESULTS： In parallel with the increase of plasma 6-ketoPGF1α, the contractile response of arterioles from cirrhotic rats to norepinephrine was significantly impaired compared with that from controls. Inhibition of PGI2 or protein kinase A with indomethacin or Rp-adenosine 3＇, 5＇-cyclic monophosphothioate（Rp-cAMPS） partially reversed the vascular hypo-contractile response to norepinephrine in arterioles from cirrhotic rats.Indomethacin significantly decreased the plasma 6-keto-PGF1α.Furthermore, indomethacin significantly attenuated the effect of Rp-cAMPS on arterioles from cirrhotic rats. COX-1 expression was up-regulated in mesenteric arteries from cirrhotic rats,whereas COX-2 was not detectable in the mesenteric arteries from both cirrhotic and control rats.CONCLUSION： Enhanced COX-1 expression in cirrhotic rats resulted in elevated PGI2 production which partially contributedto the splanchnic vascular hyporesponsiveness to a vasoconstrictor via the protein kinase A pathway.
基金National Natural Science Foundation (81473593, 81473458).
文摘Observation of tongue coating is the characteristic content of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment. The microflora is the important component of tongue coating besides the desquamated epithelial cells. Tongue coating microflora might be an important linkage between the modern medical research and the classic traditional Chinese medicine theory. Therefore, the present paper summarised the application value of tongue coating microflora in health and disease to enrich the scienti fic connotation of traditional Chinese medicine tongue diagnosis and promote the development of integration of traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine.
基金Supported by the Research and Development Program of The General Hospital of Western Theater Command,No.2021-XZYG-C04 and 2021-XZYG-C05。
文摘BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)with Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion is a rare and distinct subtype of RCC that is classified under tumors with translocation of the microphthalmia-associated transcriptional factor.CASE SUMMARY We report an adult case of Xp11.2 translocation advanced RCC with metastasis(T3a N1M1),after targeted treatment,alcohol ablation,and transarterial chemoembolization,who eventually underwent successful surgical excision.No recurrence or transfer was seen within one year,and the survival period was more than 3 years.A review of the relevant literature was conducted to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis,epidemiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment,and other aspects of the disease.CONCLUSION Transarterial chemoembolization and ablation did not achieve the desired tumor reduction in this patient,but had a significant effect on reducing intraoperative bleeding and inhibiting tumor activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11704148,No.11847039,No.11534004)
文摘The ultrafast dissociation dynamics of NO2 molecules was investigated by femtosecond laser pump-probe mass spectra and ion images.The results show that the kinetic energy release of NO+ions has two components,0.05 eV and 0.25 eV,and the possible dissociation channels have been assigned.The channel resolved transient measurement of NO^+provides a method to disentangle the contribution of ultrafast dissociation pathways,and the transient curves of NO^+ions at different kinetic energy release are fitted by a biexponential function.The fast component with a decay time of 0.25 ps is generated from the evolution of Rydberg states.The slow component is generated from two competitive channels,one of the channel is absorbing one 400nm photon to the excited state A^2B2,which has a decay time of 30.0ps,and the other slow channel is absorbing three 400nm photons to valence type Rydberg states which have a decay time less than 7.2ps.The channel and time resolved experiment present the potential of sorting out the complex ultrafast dissociation dynamics of molecules.
基金Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology,China(No.18411950500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81870264)。
文摘Objective:This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the effect of post-dilation on coronary blood flow and MACE events during hospitalization and 1 year follow-up following primary PCI in patients with ST-segment.Methods:419 eligible patients who underwent PPCI due to STEMI between January 2015 and October 2019 were enrolled.The CTFC,final QCA,and the incidence of no-reflow/slow-flow during different procedure moments were assayed.Study end points was to compare two groups of patients with clinical characteristics,compared two groups of patients with the incidence of no-reflow and slow-flow,and the incidence of MACE during hospitalization and 1-year follow-up.Results:The incidence of final no-reflow/slow-flow in the post-dilation group was not significantly higher than that in the non-post-dilation group(24.3%vs.19.4%;p=0.238).There was no significant statistical difference in MACE events during hospitalization,but for the 1-year follow-up,the incidence of Target vessel revascularization and Target lesion revascularization in the post-dilation group was lower than that in the non-post-dilation group.A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that age(OR=1.078,95%CI=1.038-1.120;P<0.001),history of diabetes(OR=3.009,95%CI=1.183-7.654;P=0.021),post-dilation(OR=0.192,95%CI=0.067-0.549;P=0.002)were independently correlated with long-term follow-up of MACE.Conclusion:Post-dilation does not increase poor prognosis during hospitalization,and reduces the incidence of TVR and TLR events during long-term follow-up.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82173153,81902370,82103076,81902377,92168111)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support(20181708)+4 种基金the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(19XD1403400)Shanghai Sailing Program(19YF1445700)Shanghai Chenguang Program(19CG17)the Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(YG2021ZD08)the Innovative Research Team of High-Level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZDCX20210802)。
文摘Dear Editor,Cancer neuroscience is an emerging topic in cancer research(Monje et al.,2020;Shi et al.,2022).Perineural invasion(PNI),defined as the neoplastic invasion of tumor cells into or surrounding the different layers of nervous fibers(epineural,perineural,and endoneural spaces of the neuronal sheath),is associated with aggressive tumor behavior.
基金supported by the fund of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. (No. 2015JC05)Foundation of the Department of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province of China (Nos. 2013HB062, 2014HB008)Training Project (No. XT412003) of Yunnan University
文摘A rhodamine-based sensor has been developed for the detection of mercuric ions. The colorimetric and fluorescence responses, allowing naked-eye detections, are based on Hg^2＋-induced opening of the rhodamine spirocycle. Among all the testes ions, only Hg^2＋generated a significant fluorescence enhancement of up to 300-fold, with a bright yellow–green emission. This sensor was a low toxic compound, and was successfully applied in the in vivo imaging of Hg^2＋in Spill 2 cells and C. elegans. This approach provides a sensitive and accurate method for the estimation of Hg^2＋in environmental, tobacco and biological applications.
