Calotropis gigantea fiber(CGF)is to a type of seed fiber collected from the fruits of the Calotropis gigantea(CG).From a sustainable biomass resource,CGF is a naturally abundant cellulose fiber with good economic valu...Calotropis gigantea fiber(CGF)is to a type of seed fiber collected from the fruits of the Calotropis gigantea(CG).From a sustainable biomass resource,CGF is a naturally abundant cellulose fiber with good economic value,excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.CGF has a high hollow structure and is lightweight,which means CGF has received increasing attention in recent years as the starting material for fabrication of different types of functional materials.In this paper,we have reviewed the morphology and characteristics of CGF,including its biological properties,chemical composition,and physical properties.Additionally,we provide an overview of the recent advancements in the extraction process,toughening treatment process,spinning process,and weaving process of CGF,which have garnered significant attention from researchers in the field.The applications of CGF in the fields of environment processing,antibacterial,and smart materials are also summarized.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of CGF are introduced with the ultimate goal of implementing its potential in real-world applications.展开更多
The Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)of the United Nations 2030 Agenda are a key focus for implementing the Sustainable Development(SD)concept.But generally speaking,SD goals and targets are continuously evolving,co...The Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)of the United Nations 2030 Agenda are a key focus for implementing the Sustainable Development(SD)concept.But generally speaking,SD goals and targets are continuously evolving,country specific,complex to implement,and are often given relatively short time horizons,such as the 15-year horizon for the SDGs.Many SD issues need a much longer time horizon as the policy interventions to deal with these issues can take decades before their effects become apparent,which is especially true for China.The T21 China 2050 is developed to study the long-term SD challenges and opportunities of the country.In its business-as-usual simulation to 2050,T21 China 2050 reveals some of the sustainability challenges facing China,including 1)aging population and labor force decline,2)huge food imports,3)land degradation and loss of arable land,4)water shortages,5)huge fossil fuel imports,and 6)carbon dioxide emissions.These SD issues are a subset of the SDGs specifically relevant to China over a time horizon well beyond 2030.The model is then used to test possible policy interventions in these six areas under two separate scenarios:Balanced and Narrowly Focused.The major results from these two scenarios are compared with those of the business-as-usual scenario.The simulations show that by adopting certain policy measures,China’s path towards SD can be further improved.It also shows that a variety of policy measures can be selected and tested with the T21 China 2050 model for exploring the future SD prospects of the country.Specific policies recommended include:extension of retirement age,adjustment of the current family planning policy,protection of agriculture land,promotion of agricultural R&D to raise yield,improvement of public transportation to slow private vehicle ownership,increased investment in renewable energy,and water conservation.展开更多
BiSe with intrinsic low thermal conductivity has considered as a promising thermoelectric(TE)material at nearly room temperature.To improve its low thermoelectric figure of merit(zT),in this work,Sb and Te isovalent c...BiSe with intrinsic low thermal conductivity has considered as a promising thermoelectric(TE)material at nearly room temperature.To improve its low thermoelectric figure of merit(zT),in this work,Sb and Te isovalent co-alloying was performed and significantly optimized its TE property with weakly anisotropic characteristic.After substituting Sb on Bi sites,the carrier concentration is suppressed by introduction of Sbsingle bond Se site defects,which contributes to the increased absolute value of Seebeck coefficient(|S|).Further co-alloying Te on Se of the optimized composition Bi_(0.7)Sb_(0.3)Se,the carrier concentration increased without affecting the|S|due to the enhanced effective mass,which leads to a highest power factor of 12.8μW/(cm·K^(2))at 423 K.As a result,a maximum zT of∼0.54 is achieved for Bi_(0.7)Sb_(0.3)Se_(0.7)Te_(0.3) along the pressing direction and the average zT(zTave)(from 300 K to 623 K)are drastically improved from 0.24 for pristine BiSe sample to 0.45.Moreover,an energy conversion efficiency∼4.0%is achieved for a single leg TE device of Bi_(0.7)Sb_(0.3)Se_(0.7)Te_(0.3)when applied the temperature difference of 339 K,indicating the potential TE application.展开更多
Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing...Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing networks.Conventional devices,however,are constantly demonstrated in non-real world scenarios,where changes in body temperature and humidity are ignored,which results in questionable sensing accuracy and reliability in practical applications.In this work,a fabric-like strain sensor is developed by fabricating graphene-modified Calotropis gigantea yarn and elastic yarn(i.e.Spandex)into an independently crossed structure,enabling the sensor with tunable sensitivity by directly altering the sensor width.The sensor possesses excellent breathability,allowing water vapor generated by body skin to be discharged into the environment(the water evaporation rate is approximately 2.03 kg m^(-2) h^(-1))and creating a pleasing microenvironment between the sensor and the skin by avoiding the hindering of perspiration release.More importantly,the sensor is shown to have a sensing stability towards changes in temperature and humidity,implementing sensing reliability against complex and changeable wearable microclimate.By wearing the sensor at various locations of the human body,a full-range body area sensing network for monitoring various body movements and vital signs,such as speaking,coughing,breathing and walking,is successfully dem-onstrated.It provides a new route for achieving wearing-comfortable,high-performance and sensing-reliable strain sensors.展开更多
Objective Somatic KRAS mutations have been identified in the majority of brain arteriovenous malformations(bAVMs),and subsequent in vivo experiments have confirmed that KRAS mutation in endothelial cells(ECs)causes AV...Objective Somatic KRAS mutations have been identified in the majority of brain arteriovenous malformations(bAVMs),and subsequent in vivo experiments have confirmed that KRAS mutation in endothelial cells(ECs)causes AVMs in mouse and zebrafish models.Our previous study demonstrated that the KRASG12D mutant independently induced the endothelial-mesenchymal transition(EndMT),which was reversed by treatment with the lipid-lowering drug lovastatin.However,the underlying mechanisms of action were unclear.Methods We used human umbilical vein ECs(HUVECs)overexpressing the KRASG12D mutant for Western blotting,quantitative real-time PCR,and immunofluorescence and wound healing assays to evaluate the EndMT and determine the activation of downstream pathways.Knockdown of SMAD4 by RNA interference was performed to explore the role of SMAD4 in regulating the EndMT.BAVM ECs expressing the KRASG12D mutant were obtained to verify the SMAD4 function.Finally,we performed a coimmunoprecipitation assay to probe the mechanism by which lovastatin affects SMAD4.Results HUVECs infected with KRASG12D adenovirus underwent the EndMT.Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signalling pathways were activated in the KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs and ECs in bAVM tissue.Knocking down SMAD4 expression in both KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs and ECs in bAVM tissues inhibited the EndMT.Lovastatin attenuated the EndMT by downregulating p-SMAD2/3,p-SMAD1/5 and acetylated SMAD4 expression in KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs.Conclusions Our findings suggest that the KRASG12D mutant induces the EndMT by activating the ERK-TGF-β/BMP-SMAD4 signalling pathway and that lovastatin inhibits the EndMT by suppressing TGF-β/BMP pathway activation and SMAD4 acetylation.展开更多
Objective Extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas(ECHs)are sporadic and rare intracranial occupational lesions that usually occur within the cavernous sinus.The aetiology of ECHs remains unknown.Methods Whole-exome sequenci...Objective Extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas(ECHs)are sporadic and rare intracranial occupational lesions that usually occur within the cavernous sinus.The aetiology of ECHs remains unknown.Methods Whole-exome sequencing was performed on ECH lesions from 12 patients(discovery cohort)and droplet digital polymerase-chain reaction(ddPCR)was used to confirm the identified mutation in 46 additional cases(validation cohort).Laser capture microdissection(LCM)was carried out to capture and characterise subgroups of tissue cells.Mechanistic and functional investigations were carried out in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and a newly established mouse model.Results We detected somatic GJA4 mutation(c.121G>T,p.G41C)in 5/12 patients with ECH in the discovery cohort and confirmed the finding in the validation cohort(16/46).LCM followed by ddPCR revealed that the mutation was enriched in lesional endothelium.In vitro experiments in endothelial cells demonstrated that the GJA4 mutation activated SGK-1 signalling that in turn upregulated key genes involved in cell hyperproliferation and the loss of arterial specification.Compared with wild-type littermates,mice overexpressing the GJA4 mutation developed ECH-like pathological morphological characteristics(dilated venous lumen and elevated vascular density)in the retinal superficial vascular plexus at the postnatal 3 weeks,which were reversed by an SGK1 inhibitor,EMD638683.Conclusions We identified a somatic GJA4 mutation that presents in over one-third of ECH lesions and proposed that ECHs are vascular malformations due to GJA4-induced activation of the SGK1 signalling pathway in brain endothelial cells.展开更多
The world population exceeded eight billion in 2022 and will continue to grow rapidly in the coming decades.To support the survival andwell-being of this large and growing population,numerous natural resources have be...The world population exceeded eight billion in 2022 and will continue to grow rapidly in the coming decades.To support the survival andwell-being of this large and growing population,numerous natural resources have been overexploited,and a large amount of waste has been generated,inducing forms of ecosystem degradation,such as biodiversity loss,productivity decline,and environmental pollution,which undermine the capacity of sustainable development for socioecological systems at multiple scales.As a countermeasure for this problem,a land-degradation-neutral world by 2030 has been established as a critical component of the Sustainable Development Goals.展开更多
Understanding the interactions(synergies and trade-offs)among the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)is crucial for enhancing policy coherence between different sectors.However,spatial differences in the SDG interacti...Understanding the interactions(synergies and trade-offs)among the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)is crucial for enhancing policy coherence between different sectors.However,spatial differences in the SDG interactions and their temporal variations at the sub-national scale are still critical gaps that need to be urgently filled.Here,we assess the spatial and temporal variation of the SDG interactions in China based on the systematic classification framework of SDGs.The framework groups the seventeen SDGs into three categories,namely“Essential Needs”“Objectives”,and“Governance”.Spatially,we found that the SDGs in“Essential Needs”&“Objectives”and“Essential Needs”&“Governance”generally show trade-offs in the eastern provinces of China.Synergies among all three SDG categories are observed in some central and western China provinces,which implies that these regions conform to sustainable development patterns.In addition,temporally,the synergies of the three SDG categories have shown a weakening trend in the last decade,mainly due to the regional differences in the progress of SDG7(Affordable and Clean Energy).Overall,our results identify the necessity for provinces to enhance the synergies between SDG12(Responsible Production and Consumption)and other SDGs to tackle the trade-offs between the“Essential Needs”and“Objectives”.Meanwhile,promoting the progress of SDG7 will also contribute to balanced development across provinces.展开更多
The novel coronavirus disease,named COVID-19,emerged in China in December 2019[1].In the early phases of the outbreak in Wuhan City,timely and effective control measures to prevent COVID-19 spread were delayed for sev...The novel coronavirus disease,named COVID-19,emerged in China in December 2019[1].In the early phases of the outbreak in Wuhan City,timely and effective control measures to prevent COVID-19 spread were delayed for several reasons,including lack of knowledge and vigilance regarding the new disease,insufficient or inefficient detection tools.However,the adoption by Chinese authorities of a systematic approach to the disease has resulted in the number of recoveries per day,since February 18th,2020,exceeding the number of newly confirmed cases,and the cumulative number of patients cured exceeded the remaining confirmed cases on February 28th,2020(http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/yqtb/list_gzbd).展开更多
Sustainable communities,while not explicitly defined universally,are now essential tools used by many countries to explore ways of enhancing regional sustainability,especially in China.1 To reduce the burden on the en...Sustainable communities,while not explicitly defined universally,are now essential tools used by many countries to explore ways of enhancing regional sustainability,especially in China.1 To reduce the burden on the environment resulting from economic growth and to examine effective social governance models,China launched the construction of the Comprehensive Experimental Community for Social Development in 1986,since renamed the China National Sustainable Community(NSC)in 1997.2 Generally,NSCs are regions approved by the central government of China for exploring comprehensive solutions to various sustainable development challenges in the context of their development potential and to provide lessons for other regions,and they could be established in different administrative units such as cities or towns.1,2 It is estimated that more than 180 NSCs have been established in China.1 Although previous studies showed that NSCs have a significant role in improving the sustainability of the region itself,1 it remains unclear what impact NSCs have on the sustainability over a broader regional area,such as at the provincial scale.展开更多
Wearable strain sensors have attracted research interest owing to their poten-tial within digital healthcare,offering smarter tracking,efficient diagnostics,and lower costs.Unlike rigid sensors,fiber-based ones compet...Wearable strain sensors have attracted research interest owing to their poten-tial within digital healthcare,offering smarter tracking,efficient diagnostics,and lower costs.Unlike rigid sensors,fiber-based ones compete with their flexibility,durability,adaptability to body structures as well as eco-friendliness to envi-ronment.Here,the sustainable fiber-based wearable strain sensors for digital health are reviewed,and material,fabrication,and practical healthcare aspects are explored.Typical strain sensors predicated on various sensing modalities,be it resistive,capacitive,piezoelectric,or triboelectric,are explained and analyzed according to their strengths and weaknesses toward fabrication and applica-tions.The applications in digital healthcare spanning from body area sensing networks,intelligent health management,and medical rehabilitation to mul-tifunctional healthcare systems are also evaluated.Moreover,to create a more complete digital health network,wired and wireless methods of data collec-tion and examples of machine learning are elaborated in detail.Finally,the prevailing challenges and prospective insights into the advancement of novel fibers,enhancement of sensing precision and wearability,and the establishment of seamlessly integrated systems are critically summarized and offered.This endeavor not only encapsulates the present landscape but also lays the founda-tion for future breakthroughs in fiber-based wearable strain sensor technology within the domain of digital health.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFE0111100)the Science and Technology Partnership Program,the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(KY202201002)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(BZ2022017)support of China National Textile and Apparel Council(J202002)Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center(XJFZ/2021/7).
文摘Calotropis gigantea fiber(CGF)is to a type of seed fiber collected from the fruits of the Calotropis gigantea(CG).From a sustainable biomass resource,CGF is a naturally abundant cellulose fiber with good economic value,excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.CGF has a high hollow structure and is lightweight,which means CGF has received increasing attention in recent years as the starting material for fabrication of different types of functional materials.In this paper,we have reviewed the morphology and characteristics of CGF,including its biological properties,chemical composition,and physical properties.Additionally,we provide an overview of the recent advancements in the extraction process,toughening treatment process,spinning process,and weaving process of CGF,which have garnered significant attention from researchers in the field.The applications of CGF in the fields of environment processing,antibacterial,and smart materials are also summarized.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of CGF are introduced with the ultimate goal of implementing its potential in real-world applications.
基金support by National Key Research and Development Program of China(NO.2017YFA0604701)。
文摘The Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)of the United Nations 2030 Agenda are a key focus for implementing the Sustainable Development(SD)concept.But generally speaking,SD goals and targets are continuously evolving,country specific,complex to implement,and are often given relatively short time horizons,such as the 15-year horizon for the SDGs.Many SD issues need a much longer time horizon as the policy interventions to deal with these issues can take decades before their effects become apparent,which is especially true for China.The T21 China 2050 is developed to study the long-term SD challenges and opportunities of the country.In its business-as-usual simulation to 2050,T21 China 2050 reveals some of the sustainability challenges facing China,including 1)aging population and labor force decline,2)huge food imports,3)land degradation and loss of arable land,4)water shortages,5)huge fossil fuel imports,and 6)carbon dioxide emissions.These SD issues are a subset of the SDGs specifically relevant to China over a time horizon well beyond 2030.The model is then used to test possible policy interventions in these six areas under two separate scenarios:Balanced and Narrowly Focused.The major results from these two scenarios are compared with those of the business-as-usual scenario.The simulations show that by adopting certain policy measures,China’s path towards SD can be further improved.It also shows that a variety of policy measures can be selected and tested with the T21 China 2050 model for exploring the future SD prospects of the country.Specific policies recommended include:extension of retirement age,adjustment of the current family planning policy,protection of agriculture land,promotion of agricultural R&D to raise yield,improvement of public transportation to slow private vehicle ownership,increased investment in renewable energy,and water conservation.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372210 and No.52072248)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2023A1515010122 and No.2021A1515012128)Technology plan project of Shenzhen(No.20220810154601001).
文摘BiSe with intrinsic low thermal conductivity has considered as a promising thermoelectric(TE)material at nearly room temperature.To improve its low thermoelectric figure of merit(zT),in this work,Sb and Te isovalent co-alloying was performed and significantly optimized its TE property with weakly anisotropic characteristic.After substituting Sb on Bi sites,the carrier concentration is suppressed by introduction of Sbsingle bond Se site defects,which contributes to the increased absolute value of Seebeck coefficient(|S|).Further co-alloying Te on Se of the optimized composition Bi_(0.7)Sb_(0.3)Se,the carrier concentration increased without affecting the|S|due to the enhanced effective mass,which leads to a highest power factor of 12.8μW/(cm·K^(2))at 423 K.As a result,a maximum zT of∼0.54 is achieved for Bi_(0.7)Sb_(0.3)Se_(0.7)Te_(0.3) along the pressing direction and the average zT(zTave)(from 300 K to 623 K)are drastically improved from 0.24 for pristine BiSe sample to 0.45.Moreover,an energy conversion efficiency∼4.0%is achieved for a single leg TE device of Bi_(0.7)Sb_(0.3)Se_(0.7)Te_(0.3)when applied the temperature difference of 339 K,indicating the potential TE application.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFE0111100)Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(KY202201002)+3 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(BZ2022017)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(21015800600)We would like to thank the China National Textile and Apparel Council(J202002)Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center(XJFZ/2021/7),projects with number 2021-fx010104 for their support.
文摘Wearable tensile strain sensors have attracted substantial research interest due to their great potential in applications for the real-time detection of human motion and health through the construction of body-sensing networks.Conventional devices,however,are constantly demonstrated in non-real world scenarios,where changes in body temperature and humidity are ignored,which results in questionable sensing accuracy and reliability in practical applications.In this work,a fabric-like strain sensor is developed by fabricating graphene-modified Calotropis gigantea yarn and elastic yarn(i.e.Spandex)into an independently crossed structure,enabling the sensor with tunable sensitivity by directly altering the sensor width.The sensor possesses excellent breathability,allowing water vapor generated by body skin to be discharged into the environment(the water evaporation rate is approximately 2.03 kg m^(-2) h^(-1))and creating a pleasing microenvironment between the sensor and the skin by avoiding the hindering of perspiration release.More importantly,the sensor is shown to have a sensing stability towards changes in temperature and humidity,implementing sensing reliability against complex and changeable wearable microclimate.By wearing the sensor at various locations of the human body,a full-range body area sensing network for monitoring various body movements and vital signs,such as speaking,coughing,breathing and walking,is successfully dem-onstrated.It provides a new route for achieving wearing-comfortable,high-performance and sensing-reliable strain sensors.
基金This article was funded by the project'Genomics Platform Construction for Chinese Major Brain Disease-AVM'(No.PXM2019_026280_000002-AVM)Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine(PXM2020_014226_000066).
文摘Objective Somatic KRAS mutations have been identified in the majority of brain arteriovenous malformations(bAVMs),and subsequent in vivo experiments have confirmed that KRAS mutation in endothelial cells(ECs)causes AVMs in mouse and zebrafish models.Our previous study demonstrated that the KRASG12D mutant independently induced the endothelial-mesenchymal transition(EndMT),which was reversed by treatment with the lipid-lowering drug lovastatin.However,the underlying mechanisms of action were unclear.Methods We used human umbilical vein ECs(HUVECs)overexpressing the KRASG12D mutant for Western blotting,quantitative real-time PCR,and immunofluorescence and wound healing assays to evaluate the EndMT and determine the activation of downstream pathways.Knockdown of SMAD4 by RNA interference was performed to explore the role of SMAD4 in regulating the EndMT.BAVM ECs expressing the KRASG12D mutant were obtained to verify the SMAD4 function.Finally,we performed a coimmunoprecipitation assay to probe the mechanism by which lovastatin affects SMAD4.Results HUVECs infected with KRASG12D adenovirus underwent the EndMT.Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signalling pathways were activated in the KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs and ECs in bAVM tissue.Knocking down SMAD4 expression in both KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs and ECs in bAVM tissues inhibited the EndMT.Lovastatin attenuated the EndMT by downregulating p-SMAD2/3,p-SMAD1/5 and acetylated SMAD4 expression in KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs.Conclusions Our findings suggest that the KRASG12D mutant induces the EndMT by activating the ERK-TGF-β/BMP-SMAD4 signalling pathway and that lovastatin inhibits the EndMT by suppressing TGF-β/BMP pathway activation and SMAD4 acetylation.
基金Genomics Platform Construction for Chinese Major Brain Disease-AVM(PXM2019_026280_000002-AVM)Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine(PXM2020_014226_000066)+1 种基金Hong Kong RGC Fund(16102522,C6021-19EF)Hong Kong ITC Fund(ITCPD/17-9)and Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(2020A0505090007).
文摘Objective Extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas(ECHs)are sporadic and rare intracranial occupational lesions that usually occur within the cavernous sinus.The aetiology of ECHs remains unknown.Methods Whole-exome sequencing was performed on ECH lesions from 12 patients(discovery cohort)and droplet digital polymerase-chain reaction(ddPCR)was used to confirm the identified mutation in 46 additional cases(validation cohort).Laser capture microdissection(LCM)was carried out to capture and characterise subgroups of tissue cells.Mechanistic and functional investigations were carried out in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and a newly established mouse model.Results We detected somatic GJA4 mutation(c.121G>T,p.G41C)in 5/12 patients with ECH in the discovery cohort and confirmed the finding in the validation cohort(16/46).LCM followed by ddPCR revealed that the mutation was enriched in lesional endothelium.In vitro experiments in endothelial cells demonstrated that the GJA4 mutation activated SGK-1 signalling that in turn upregulated key genes involved in cell hyperproliferation and the loss of arterial specification.Compared with wild-type littermates,mice overexpressing the GJA4 mutation developed ECH-like pathological morphological characteristics(dilated venous lumen and elevated vascular density)in the retinal superficial vascular plexus at the postnatal 3 weeks,which were reversed by an SGK1 inhibitor,EMD638683.Conclusions We identified a somatic GJA4 mutation that presents in over one-third of ECH lesions and proposed that ECHs are vascular malformations due to GJA4-induced activation of the SGK1 signalling pathway in brain endothelial cells.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2022YFF1303204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42041005).
文摘The world population exceeded eight billion in 2022 and will continue to grow rapidly in the coming decades.To support the survival andwell-being of this large and growing population,numerous natural resources have been overexploited,and a large amount of waste has been generated,inducing forms of ecosystem degradation,such as biodiversity loss,productivity decline,and environmental pollution,which undermine the capacity of sustainable development for socioecological systems at multiple scales.As a countermeasure for this problem,a land-degradation-neutral world by 2030 has been established as a critical component of the Sustainable Development Goals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41991230)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0604701)+1 种基金Prajal Pradhan acknowledges funding from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research for the BIOCLIMAPATHS project(01LS1906A)under the Axis-ERANET callreviewed by Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China(GS(2021)8701)。
文摘Understanding the interactions(synergies and trade-offs)among the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)is crucial for enhancing policy coherence between different sectors.However,spatial differences in the SDG interactions and their temporal variations at the sub-national scale are still critical gaps that need to be urgently filled.Here,we assess the spatial and temporal variation of the SDG interactions in China based on the systematic classification framework of SDGs.The framework groups the seventeen SDGs into three categories,namely“Essential Needs”“Objectives”,and“Governance”.Spatially,we found that the SDGs in“Essential Needs”&“Objectives”and“Essential Needs”&“Governance”generally show trade-offs in the eastern provinces of China.Synergies among all three SDG categories are observed in some central and western China provinces,which implies that these regions conform to sustainable development patterns.In addition,temporally,the synergies of the three SDG categories have shown a weakening trend in the last decade,mainly due to the regional differences in the progress of SDG7(Affordable and Clean Energy).Overall,our results identify the necessity for provinces to enhance the synergies between SDG12(Responsible Production and Consumption)and other SDGs to tackle the trade-offs between the“Essential Needs”and“Objectives”.Meanwhile,promoting the progress of SDG7 will also contribute to balanced development across provinces.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2017YFA0604700)the Science-based Advisory Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations(ANSO-SBA-2020-01).
文摘The novel coronavirus disease,named COVID-19,emerged in China in December 2019[1].In the early phases of the outbreak in Wuhan City,timely and effective control measures to prevent COVID-19 spread were delayed for several reasons,including lack of knowledge and vigilance regarding the new disease,insufficient or inefficient detection tools.However,the adoption by Chinese authorities of a systematic approach to the disease has resulted in the number of recoveries per day,since February 18th,2020,exceeding the number of newly confirmed cases,and the cumulative number of patients cured exceeded the remaining confirmed cases on February 28th,2020(http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/yqtb/list_gzbd).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.42041007)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.
文摘Sustainable communities,while not explicitly defined universally,are now essential tools used by many countries to explore ways of enhancing regional sustainability,especially in China.1 To reduce the burden on the environment resulting from economic growth and to examine effective social governance models,China launched the construction of the Comprehensive Experimental Community for Social Development in 1986,since renamed the China National Sustainable Community(NSC)in 1997.2 Generally,NSCs are regions approved by the central government of China for exploring comprehensive solutions to various sustainable development challenges in the context of their development potential and to provide lessons for other regions,and they could be established in different administrative units such as cities or towns.1,2 It is estimated that more than 180 NSCs have been established in China.1 Although previous studies showed that NSCs have a significant role in improving the sustainability of the region itself,1 it remains unclear what impact NSCs have on the sustainability over a broader regional area,such as at the provincial scale.
基金Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Grant/Award Number:1-WZ1YNational Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82374295。
文摘Wearable strain sensors have attracted research interest owing to their poten-tial within digital healthcare,offering smarter tracking,efficient diagnostics,and lower costs.Unlike rigid sensors,fiber-based ones compete with their flexibility,durability,adaptability to body structures as well as eco-friendliness to envi-ronment.Here,the sustainable fiber-based wearable strain sensors for digital health are reviewed,and material,fabrication,and practical healthcare aspects are explored.Typical strain sensors predicated on various sensing modalities,be it resistive,capacitive,piezoelectric,or triboelectric,are explained and analyzed according to their strengths and weaknesses toward fabrication and applica-tions.The applications in digital healthcare spanning from body area sensing networks,intelligent health management,and medical rehabilitation to mul-tifunctional healthcare systems are also evaluated.Moreover,to create a more complete digital health network,wired and wireless methods of data collec-tion and examples of machine learning are elaborated in detail.Finally,the prevailing challenges and prospective insights into the advancement of novel fibers,enhancement of sensing precision and wearability,and the establishment of seamlessly integrated systems are critically summarized and offered.This endeavor not only encapsulates the present landscape but also lays the founda-tion for future breakthroughs in fiber-based wearable strain sensor technology within the domain of digital health.
