Objective:To investigate the presence of statistically significant geographical clusters of tuberculosis(TB) using Geographical Information System and spatial scan statistics in Dehradun, India.Methods:The spatial sca...Objective:To investigate the presence of statistically significant geographical clusters of tuberculosis(TB) using Geographical Information System and spatial scan statistics in Dehradun, India.Methods:The spatial scan statistic implemented with a software program,SaTScan v6.1, was used to test the presence of statistically significant spatial clusters of TB and to identify their approximate locations(P【0.05 for primary clusters and P【0.1 for secondary clusters). Geographical Information System was used for geographical analysis.Results:Significant high rate spatial clusters were identified in seven wards of the Dehradun Municipal area. Conclusions:There is sufficient evidence about the existence of statistically significant TB clusters in seven wards of Dehradun,India.The purely spatial scan statistics methodology used in this study has a potential use in surveillance of TB for detecting the true clusters of the disease.展开更多
Flood management is a set of activities that have to be carried out in collaboration with multiple agencies.Advanced flood information with early warning generated using remote sensing satellite technologies can help ...Flood management is a set of activities that have to be carried out in collaboration with multiple agencies.Advanced flood information with early warning generated using remote sensing satellite technologies can help the agencies to effectively manage the situation on ground.Various environmental parameters and forecasts provided by different agencies can be analyzed and compared with historical flood events for generating probable flood event alerts.The information(environmental parameters)provided by the agencies are heterogeneous and noncompliant to standards and distributed in nature.Synchronization of data from distributed resources and automation of data analysis process for flood management is a primary prerequisite for faster and efficient decision-making.Web 2.0-based web services enable data creation,sharing,communication,and collaboration on web.Spatial data sharing on web 2.0 for making quality of service using open-source software for efficient flood management is a challenge.Available software architectures proposed for risk and environmental crisis management are too generic in nature and needs lot of modification for flood management.An event-driven model coupled with data standardization procedures using service-oriented architecture provides an effective framework for flood management.In this paper,a framework capable of collecting heterogeneous distributed flood-related information for analyzing and alerting probable flood events is proposed.The framework has been implemented to generate automatic flood extent maps,by analyzing the distributed satellite data(as service).The automation of flood delineation process reduces the overall flood product generation time.Open-source web tools have been utilized in development of spatial information system to visualize and analyze the actual situation on ground facilitating overall decision-making process.展开更多
文摘Objective:To investigate the presence of statistically significant geographical clusters of tuberculosis(TB) using Geographical Information System and spatial scan statistics in Dehradun, India.Methods:The spatial scan statistic implemented with a software program,SaTScan v6.1, was used to test the presence of statistically significant spatial clusters of TB and to identify their approximate locations(P【0.05 for primary clusters and P【0.1 for secondary clusters). Geographical Information System was used for geographical analysis.Results:Significant high rate spatial clusters were identified in seven wards of the Dehradun Municipal area. Conclusions:There is sufficient evidence about the existence of statistically significant TB clusters in seven wards of Dehradun,India.The purely spatial scan statistics methodology used in this study has a potential use in surveillance of TB for detecting the true clusters of the disease.
文摘Flood management is a set of activities that have to be carried out in collaboration with multiple agencies.Advanced flood information with early warning generated using remote sensing satellite technologies can help the agencies to effectively manage the situation on ground.Various environmental parameters and forecasts provided by different agencies can be analyzed and compared with historical flood events for generating probable flood event alerts.The information(environmental parameters)provided by the agencies are heterogeneous and noncompliant to standards and distributed in nature.Synchronization of data from distributed resources and automation of data analysis process for flood management is a primary prerequisite for faster and efficient decision-making.Web 2.0-based web services enable data creation,sharing,communication,and collaboration on web.Spatial data sharing on web 2.0 for making quality of service using open-source software for efficient flood management is a challenge.Available software architectures proposed for risk and environmental crisis management are too generic in nature and needs lot of modification for flood management.An event-driven model coupled with data standardization procedures using service-oriented architecture provides an effective framework for flood management.In this paper,a framework capable of collecting heterogeneous distributed flood-related information for analyzing and alerting probable flood events is proposed.The framework has been implemented to generate automatic flood extent maps,by analyzing the distributed satellite data(as service).The automation of flood delineation process reduces the overall flood product generation time.Open-source web tools have been utilized in development of spatial information system to visualize and analyze the actual situation on ground facilitating overall decision-making process.
