Presently the seismic and rock burst hazard appears still to be important in most of hard coal mines in Poland. Recently, there was a significant increase of seismic activity of the Silesian rock massive, when compare...Presently the seismic and rock burst hazard appears still to be important in most of hard coal mines in Poland. Recently, there was a significant increase of seismic activity of the Silesian rock massive, when compared with the previous years. In the period 1999-2008 the hard coal mines experienced 34 rock bursts. The causes of rockburst occurrence are presented based on the analysis of the rockbursts occurring in the Polish hard coal mines. The scale of the rockburst hazard has been characterized with respect to the mining and geological conditions of the existing exploitation. Of the factors influencing the state of rockburst hazard, the most essential one is considered the depth interval ranging from 600 m to 900 m. The basic factors that promote the rockburst occurrence are as follows： seismogenic strata, edges and remnants, goal, faults, pillars and excessive paneling.展开更多
Exploitation of coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin is conducted in complex and difficult conditions. These difficulties are connected with the occurrence of many natural mining hazards and limitations resulti...Exploitation of coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin is conducted in complex and difficult conditions. These difficulties are connected with the occurrence of many natural mining hazards and limitations resulting from the existing in this area surface infrastructure. One of the most important problems of Polish mining is the rock burst hazard and reliable evaluation of its condition. During long-years’ mining practice in Poland a comprehensive system of evaluation and control of this hazard was developed. In the paper the main aspects of rock burst hazard state evaluation will be presented, comprising: 1) rock mass inclination for rock bursts, i.e., rock strength properties investigation, comprehensive parametric evaluation of rock mass inclination for rock bursts, prognosis of seismic events induced by mining operations, methods of computer-aided modelling of stress and rock mass deformation parameters distribution, strategic rock mass classification under rock burst degrees; 2) immediate seismic and rock burst hazard state evaluation, i.e., low diameter test drilling method, seismologic and seismoacoustic method, comprehensive method of rock burst hazard state evaluation, non-standard methods of evaluation; 3) legal aspects of rock burst hazard state evaluation. Selected elements of the hazard state evaluation system are illustrated with specific practical examples of their application.展开更多
At present, numerical modelling of distributions of many rock mass characteristics plays more and more important role in many geomechanical questions. In the issues related to seismic and rockburst hazards, the analys...At present, numerical modelling of distributions of many rock mass characteristics plays more and more important role in many geomechanical questions. In the issues related to seismic and rockburst hazards, the analyses of distributions of stress component values in the rock strata are performed, similarly as those of deformation parameters of the strata. To do this, commercial computer programs are used which function on the basis of the finite element-, separate element-, finite difference-, boundary element methods, or individually designed computer programs. They enable to obtain information, unattainable with other methods, being of importance for further concluding on those hazards. The programs based on applying those methods have contributed to important progress and development of science in the domain of analyzing and predicting the hazards. To this end, the commercial computer programs are used that are based on the methods of: finite elements, separate elements, finite differences, boundary elements, etc., or on individually developed computer programs. They enable to obtain information, unavailable using other methods, being of vital importance for further concluding on these hazards. The programs based on these methods have contributed to essential progress and development of science in the field of analysing and predicting the hazards. Apart from their obvious advantages, they have many drawbacks that hinder their practical, routine application. To allow making these type of analyses, without the necessity of constructing complicated models and knowing the detailed geomechanical parameters of rocks, together with laborious computation using a high-rank computer hardware, an analytical-empirical method has been developed at Central Mining Institute, Poland, to make prediction (modelling) of the distribution of pressure values (vertical component of stress) in SIGMAZ coal seams. It is based on geophysical measurements, generalized for the conditions of the Upper Silesia Coal Basin, of disturbing effect of the mining edge and tectonic faults on the state of stress. The paper presents methodological and programming assumptions of the method. The scope of its application has been discussed, and results of demonstration analyses for Polish hard coal mines presented. There have been also given the advantages of the method in relation to classical numerical methods.展开更多
文摘Presently the seismic and rock burst hazard appears still to be important in most of hard coal mines in Poland. Recently, there was a significant increase of seismic activity of the Silesian rock massive, when compared with the previous years. In the period 1999-2008 the hard coal mines experienced 34 rock bursts. The causes of rockburst occurrence are presented based on the analysis of the rockbursts occurring in the Polish hard coal mines. The scale of the rockburst hazard has been characterized with respect to the mining and geological conditions of the existing exploitation. Of the factors influencing the state of rockburst hazard, the most essential one is considered the depth interval ranging from 600 m to 900 m. The basic factors that promote the rockburst occurrence are as follows： seismogenic strata, edges and remnants, goal, faults, pillars and excessive paneling.
基金Project R0903003 supported by the Research-Development Project of Poland
文摘Exploitation of coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin is conducted in complex and difficult conditions. These difficulties are connected with the occurrence of many natural mining hazards and limitations resulting from the existing in this area surface infrastructure. One of the most important problems of Polish mining is the rock burst hazard and reliable evaluation of its condition. During long-years’ mining practice in Poland a comprehensive system of evaluation and control of this hazard was developed. In the paper the main aspects of rock burst hazard state evaluation will be presented, comprising: 1) rock mass inclination for rock bursts, i.e., rock strength properties investigation, comprehensive parametric evaluation of rock mass inclination for rock bursts, prognosis of seismic events induced by mining operations, methods of computer-aided modelling of stress and rock mass deformation parameters distribution, strategic rock mass classification under rock burst degrees; 2) immediate seismic and rock burst hazard state evaluation, i.e., low diameter test drilling method, seismologic and seismoacoustic method, comprehensive method of rock burst hazard state evaluation, non-standard methods of evaluation; 3) legal aspects of rock burst hazard state evaluation. Selected elements of the hazard state evaluation system are illustrated with specific practical examples of their application.
基金Project R0903003 supported by the Research-Development Project of Poland
文摘At present, numerical modelling of distributions of many rock mass characteristics plays more and more important role in many geomechanical questions. In the issues related to seismic and rockburst hazards, the analyses of distributions of stress component values in the rock strata are performed, similarly as those of deformation parameters of the strata. To do this, commercial computer programs are used which function on the basis of the finite element-, separate element-, finite difference-, boundary element methods, or individually designed computer programs. They enable to obtain information, unattainable with other methods, being of importance for further concluding on those hazards. The programs based on applying those methods have contributed to important progress and development of science in the domain of analyzing and predicting the hazards. To this end, the commercial computer programs are used that are based on the methods of: finite elements, separate elements, finite differences, boundary elements, etc., or on individually developed computer programs. They enable to obtain information, unavailable using other methods, being of vital importance for further concluding on these hazards. The programs based on these methods have contributed to essential progress and development of science in the field of analysing and predicting the hazards. Apart from their obvious advantages, they have many drawbacks that hinder their practical, routine application. To allow making these type of analyses, without the necessity of constructing complicated models and knowing the detailed geomechanical parameters of rocks, together with laborious computation using a high-rank computer hardware, an analytical-empirical method has been developed at Central Mining Institute, Poland, to make prediction (modelling) of the distribution of pressure values (vertical component of stress) in SIGMAZ coal seams. It is based on geophysical measurements, generalized for the conditions of the Upper Silesia Coal Basin, of disturbing effect of the mining edge and tectonic faults on the state of stress. The paper presents methodological and programming assumptions of the method. The scope of its application has been discussed, and results of demonstration analyses for Polish hard coal mines presented. There have been also given the advantages of the method in relation to classical numerical methods.
