3-Epi-betulinic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(eBAG)is a pentacyclic triterpene mainly distributed in food and medicinal plants,which exhibits various pharmacological properties.However,whether these functions are attr...3-Epi-betulinic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(eBAG)is a pentacyclic triterpene mainly distributed in food and medicinal plants,which exhibits various pharmacological properties.However,whether these functions are attributed to eBAG or additional components in these plants remain unknown.Herein,we report that eBAG exerted an inhibitory activity against hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal cancer cells.EBAG induced non-apoptotic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The eBAG-induced cell death was inhibited by knock-down of autophagy related gene(ATG)5 and ATG7,by administration of 3-methyladenine,a selective autophagy inhibitor that suppresses phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K),and by chloroquine,a classic autophagy flux inhibitor.We demonstrated that eBAG induced an autophagy-mediated cell death.Application of eBAG mimicked cellular bioenergetics depletion leading to the reduction of intracellular ATP,activation of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),and inhibition of mTOR.Co-treatment with compound C,an AMPK inhibitor,abrogated cell death induced by eBAG.We further validated the anti-tumor effect of eBAG in the murine xenograft model of hepatocellular carcinoma and found that eBAG treatment promoted the induction of autophagy and reduction of tumor growth in mice.As a functional food ingredient,eBAG is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal cancer.展开更多
Photodetectors based on two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors have attracted many research interests owing to their excellent optoelectronic characteristics and application potential for highly integrated applications.How...Photodetectors based on two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors have attracted many research interests owing to their excellent optoelectronic characteristics and application potential for highly integrated applications.However,the unique morphology of 2D materials also restricts the further improvement of the device performance,as the carrier transport is very susceptible to intrinsic and extrinsic environment of the materials.Here,we report the highest responsivity(172 A/W)achieved so far for a PbI_(2)-based photodetector at room temperature,which is an order of magnitude higher than previously reported.Thermal scanning probe lithography(t-SPL)was used to pattern electrodes to realize the ultrashort channel(~60 nm)in the devices.The shortening of the channel length greatly reduces the probability of the photo-generated carriers being scattered during the transport process,which increases the photocurrent density and thus the responsivity.Our work shows that the combination of emerging processing technologies and 2D materials is an effective route to shrink device size and improve device performance.展开更多
基金supported by Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project (212102310355)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82020108024 and 32161143021)。
文摘3-Epi-betulinic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(eBAG)is a pentacyclic triterpene mainly distributed in food and medicinal plants,which exhibits various pharmacological properties.However,whether these functions are attributed to eBAG or additional components in these plants remain unknown.Herein,we report that eBAG exerted an inhibitory activity against hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal cancer cells.EBAG induced non-apoptotic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The eBAG-induced cell death was inhibited by knock-down of autophagy related gene(ATG)5 and ATG7,by administration of 3-methyladenine,a selective autophagy inhibitor that suppresses phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K),and by chloroquine,a classic autophagy flux inhibitor.We demonstrated that eBAG induced an autophagy-mediated cell death.Application of eBAG mimicked cellular bioenergetics depletion leading to the reduction of intracellular ATP,activation of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),and inhibition of mTOR.Co-treatment with compound C,an AMPK inhibitor,abrogated cell death induced by eBAG.We further validated the anti-tumor effect of eBAG in the murine xenograft model of hepatocellular carcinoma and found that eBAG treatment promoted the induction of autophagy and reduction of tumor growth in mice.As a functional food ingredient,eBAG is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal cancer.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos.2020YFA0308900 and 2022YFB3602801)the National Natural Science Foundation References of China (Grant No.92064010).
文摘Photodetectors based on two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors have attracted many research interests owing to their excellent optoelectronic characteristics and application potential for highly integrated applications.However,the unique morphology of 2D materials also restricts the further improvement of the device performance,as the carrier transport is very susceptible to intrinsic and extrinsic environment of the materials.Here,we report the highest responsivity(172 A/W)achieved so far for a PbI_(2)-based photodetector at room temperature,which is an order of magnitude higher than previously reported.Thermal scanning probe lithography(t-SPL)was used to pattern electrodes to realize the ultrashort channel(~60 nm)in the devices.The shortening of the channel length greatly reduces the probability of the photo-generated carriers being scattered during the transport process,which increases the photocurrent density and thus the responsivity.Our work shows that the combination of emerging processing technologies and 2D materials is an effective route to shrink device size and improve device performance.
