BACKGROUND Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)has been linked with elevated immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels.The characteristics and outcomes of AIP based on serum markers have not been fully evaluated.AIM To compare clinical fea...BACKGROUND Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)has been linked with elevated immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels.The characteristics and outcomes of AIP based on serum markers have not been fully evaluated.AIM To compare clinical features,treatment efficacy,and outcome of AIP based on serum IgG4 levels and analyze predictors of relapse.METHODS A total of 213 patients with AIP were consecutively reviewed in our hospital from 2006 to 2021.According to the serum IgG4 level,all patients were divided into two groups,the abnormal group(n=148)with a high level of IgG4[>2×upper limit of normal(ULN)]and the normal group(n=65).The t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables.Categorical parameters were compared by theχ^(2) test or Fisher’s exact test.Kaplan-Meier curves Zhou GZ et al.Clinical characteristics and outcome of AIP WJG https://www.wjgnet.com 5126 September 21,2023 Volume 29 Issue 35 and log-rank tests were established to assess the cumulative relapse rates.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate potential risk factors of AIP relapse.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the abnormal group had a higher average male age(60.3±10.4 vs 56.5±12.9 years,P=0.047);higher level of serum total protein(72.5±7.9 g/L vs 67.2±7.5 g/L,P<0.001),IgG4(1420.5±1110.9 mg/dL vs 252.7±106.6 mg/dL,P<0.001),and IgE(635.6±958.1 IU/mL vs 231.7±352.5 IU/mL,P=0.002);and a lower level of serum complement C3(100.6±36.2 mg/dL vs 119.0±45.7 mg/dL,P=0.050).In addition,a lower number of cases with abnormal pancreatic duct and pancreatic atrophy(23.6%vs 37.9%,P=0.045;1.6%vs 8.6%,P=0.020,respectively)and a higher rate of relapse(17.6%vs 6.2%,P=0.030)were seen in the abnormal group.Multivariate analyses revealed that serum IgG4[(>2×ULN),hazard ratio(HR):3.583;95%confidence interval(CI):1.218–10.545;P=0.020]and IgA(>1×ULN;HR:5.908;95%CI:1.199–29.120;P=0.029)and age>55 years(HR:2.383;95%CI:1.056–5.378;P=0.036)were independent risk factors of relapse.CONCLUSION AIP patients with high IgG4 levels have clinical features including a more active immune system and higher relapse rate.Several factors,such as IgG4 and IgA,are associated with relapse.展开更多
目的:探讨胃癌与巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF)基因173位点基因多态性之间风险的相关性。方法:计算机检索Embase、Cochrane、PubMed、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普及万方数据库,检索时...目的:探讨胃癌与巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF)基因173位点基因多态性之间风险的相关性。方法:计算机检索Embase、Cochrane、PubMed、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普及万方数据库,检索时间截止至2018年3月4日。收集胃癌的发生发展与MIF-173位点基因多态性的病例-对照研究。依据纳入标准和排除标准,由2名收集者独立获取文献,提取数据并予以评价其质量。RevMan 5.3软件进行系统分析。结果:一共有4个病例-对照研究被纳入研究中,其中有1 014例患者和1 236例对照者。系统分析最终结果显示,在3个遗传模型中MIF基因173位点单核苷酸多态性与胃癌易感性的相关性差异具有统计学意义[显性遗传模型CC+GC vs GG:OR=1.24,95%CI:1.04～1.47;隐性遗传模型CC vs GC+GG:OR=1.84,95%CI:1.15～2.95;共显性遗传模型CC vs GG:OR=1.87,95%CI:1.34～2.59],在共显性遗传模型GC vs GG中,两者差异无统计学意义(OR=1.12,95%CI:0.94～1.35)。结论:MIF-173位点单核苷酸多态性与胃癌易感性明显相关,基因型CC+GC和CC会加大胃癌发生的风险。展开更多
目的了解国内外高危药品管理的研究前沿及研究热点,对国内外高危药品管理现状进行对比总结,以期为后期建立普遍适用的高危药品管理条例和符合我国医疗体系且切实可行的管理制度提供参考。方法在Web of Science和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中...目的了解国内外高危药品管理的研究前沿及研究热点,对国内外高危药品管理现状进行对比总结,以期为后期建立普遍适用的高危药品管理条例和符合我国医疗体系且切实可行的管理制度提供参考。方法在Web of Science和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中以“高危药品管理”为主题词检索相关文献,时间1999—2019年,运用引文空间(CiteSpace)对筛选除重后的1336文献进行高被引文献、高频关键词、突变词等进行可视化分析和比较分析。结果国外对高危药品管理的研究多集中于老年人用药安全以及高危药品的质量管理,国内则主要集中在医疗机构高危药品管理方法和效果评价等管理实践研究方面。用药安全和风险管理是国内外高危药品管理领域的共同研究热点。结论国外高危药品管理多重视老年人用药安全和风险控制因素分析,国内则多是关于规范管理的定性研究。展开更多
Rapid advances in nanomedicine have significantly changed many aspects of nanoparticle application to the eye including areas of diagnosis, imaging and more importantly drug delivery. The nanoparticle-based drug deliv...Rapid advances in nanomedicine have significantly changed many aspects of nanoparticle application to the eye including areas of diagnosis, imaging and more importantly drug delivery. The nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems has provided a solution to various drug solubility-related problems in ophthalmology treatment. Nanostructured compounds could be used to achieve local ocular delivery with minimal unwanted systematic side effects produced by taking advantage of the phagocyte system. In addition, the in vivo control release by nanomaterials encapsulated drugs provides prolong exposure of the compound in the body. Furthermore, certain nanoparticles can overcome important body barriers including the blood-retinal barrier as well as the corneal-retinal barrier of the eye for effective delivery of the drug. In summary, the nanotechnology based drug delivery system may serve as an important tool for uveal melanoma treatment.展开更多
Power system planning is one of the essential tasks in the power system operation management, which requires in-depth knowledge of the system under consideration. It can be regarded as a nonlinear, discontinuous, cons...Power system planning is one of the essential tasks in the power system operation management, which requires in-depth knowledge of the system under consideration. It can be regarded as a nonlinear, discontinuous, constrained multi objective optimization problem. Although the traditional optimization tools can be used, the modern planning problem requires more advanced optimization tools. In this paper, a survey of state-of-the-art mathematical optimization methods that facilitates power system planning is provided, and the needs of introducing swarm intelligence approaches into power system planning are discussed.展开更多
Molecular spintronics,as an emerging field that makes full use of the advantage of ultralong room-temperature spin lifetime and abundant electrical-optical-magnetic properties of molecular semiconductors,has gained wi...Molecular spintronics,as an emerging field that makes full use of the advantage of ultralong room-temperature spin lifetime and abundant electrical-optical-magnetic properties of molecular semiconductors,has gained wide attention for its great potential for further commercial applications.Despite the significant progress that has been made,there remain several huge challenges that limit the future development of this field.This Perspective provides discussions on the spin transport mechanisms and performances of molecular semiconductors,spinterface effect,and related spin injection in spintronic devices,and current spin-charge interactive functionalities,along with the summarization of the main obstacles of these aspects.Furthermore,we particularly propose targeted solutions,aiming to enhance the spin injection and transport efficiency by molecular design and interface engineering and explore diverse spinrelated functionalities.Through this Perspective,we hope it will help the spintronic community identify the research trends and accelerate the development of molecular spintronics.展开更多
Shale gas resources have the potential to sig-nificantly contribute to worldwide energy portfolio.A great number shale gas reserves have been identified in many countries.Connections of newly found gas reserves to the...Shale gas resources have the potential to sig-nificantly contribute to worldwide energy portfolio.A great number shale gas reserves have been identified in many countries.Connections of newly found gas reserves to the existing energy infrastructures are challenging,as many stakeholders and market uncertainties are involved.The proposed co-planning approach is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem so as to minimize investments and enhance the reliability of the overall sys-tem.We propose a reliability assessment approach that is applicable for the coupled gas and electricity networks.In addition,the IEEE 24-bus RTS and a test gas system are applied to validate the performance of our approach.Based on the simulation results,the novel expansion co-planning approach is a robust and flexible decision tool,which provides network planners with comprehensive informa-tion regarding trade-offs between cost and system reliability.展开更多
Considering the popularity of electric vehicles and the flexibility of household appliances,it is feasible to dispatch energy in home energy systems under dynamic electricity prices to optimize electricity cost and co...Considering the popularity of electric vehicles and the flexibility of household appliances,it is feasible to dispatch energy in home energy systems under dynamic electricity prices to optimize electricity cost and comfort residents.In this paper,a novel home energy management(HEM)approach is proposed based on a data-driven deep reinforcement learning method.First,to reveal the multiple uncertain factors affecting the charging behavior of electric vehicles(EVs),an improved mathematical model integrating driver’s experience,unexpected events,and traffic conditions is introduced to describe the dynamic energy demand of EVs in home energy systems.Second,a decoupled advantage actor-critic(DA2C)algorithm is presented to enhance the energy optimization performance by alleviating the overfitting problem caused by the shared policy and value networks.Furthermore,separate networks for the policy and value functions ensure the generalization of the proposed method in unseen scenarios.Finally,comprehensive experiments are carried out to compare the proposed approach with existing methods,and the results show that the proposed method can optimize electricity cost and consider the residential comfort level in different scenarios.展开更多
基金Young Scholar Independent Innovation Science Fund of Chinese PLA General Hospital,No.22QNCZ020National Key Research and Development Program,No.2022YFC2504003.
文摘BACKGROUND Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)has been linked with elevated immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels.The characteristics and outcomes of AIP based on serum markers have not been fully evaluated.AIM To compare clinical features,treatment efficacy,and outcome of AIP based on serum IgG4 levels and analyze predictors of relapse.METHODS A total of 213 patients with AIP were consecutively reviewed in our hospital from 2006 to 2021.According to the serum IgG4 level,all patients were divided into two groups,the abnormal group(n=148)with a high level of IgG4[>2×upper limit of normal(ULN)]and the normal group(n=65).The t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables.Categorical parameters were compared by theχ^(2) test or Fisher’s exact test.Kaplan-Meier curves Zhou GZ et al.Clinical characteristics and outcome of AIP WJG https://www.wjgnet.com 5126 September 21,2023 Volume 29 Issue 35 and log-rank tests were established to assess the cumulative relapse rates.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate potential risk factors of AIP relapse.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the abnormal group had a higher average male age(60.3±10.4 vs 56.5±12.9 years,P=0.047);higher level of serum total protein(72.5±7.9 g/L vs 67.2±7.5 g/L,P<0.001),IgG4(1420.5±1110.9 mg/dL vs 252.7±106.6 mg/dL,P<0.001),and IgE(635.6±958.1 IU/mL vs 231.7±352.5 IU/mL,P=0.002);and a lower level of serum complement C3(100.6±36.2 mg/dL vs 119.0±45.7 mg/dL,P=0.050).In addition,a lower number of cases with abnormal pancreatic duct and pancreatic atrophy(23.6%vs 37.9%,P=0.045;1.6%vs 8.6%,P=0.020,respectively)and a higher rate of relapse(17.6%vs 6.2%,P=0.030)were seen in the abnormal group.Multivariate analyses revealed that serum IgG4[(>2×ULN),hazard ratio(HR):3.583;95%confidence interval(CI):1.218–10.545;P=0.020]and IgA(>1×ULN;HR:5.908;95%CI:1.199–29.120;P=0.029)and age>55 years(HR:2.383;95%CI:1.056–5.378;P=0.036)were independent risk factors of relapse.CONCLUSION AIP patients with high IgG4 levels have clinical features including a more active immune system and higher relapse rate.Several factors,such as IgG4 and IgA,are associated with relapse.
基金supported by the Graduate Research Innovation Project of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(YJSKC-20191001)the Graduate Research Innovation Project of Tianjin(JJ1901010302).
文摘目的:探讨胃癌与巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF)基因173位点基因多态性之间风险的相关性。方法:计算机检索Embase、Cochrane、PubMed、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普及万方数据库,检索时间截止至2018年3月4日。收集胃癌的发生发展与MIF-173位点基因多态性的病例-对照研究。依据纳入标准和排除标准,由2名收集者独立获取文献,提取数据并予以评价其质量。RevMan 5.3软件进行系统分析。结果:一共有4个病例-对照研究被纳入研究中,其中有1 014例患者和1 236例对照者。系统分析最终结果显示,在3个遗传模型中MIF基因173位点单核苷酸多态性与胃癌易感性的相关性差异具有统计学意义[显性遗传模型CC+GC vs GG:OR=1.24,95%CI:1.04～1.47;隐性遗传模型CC vs GC+GG:OR=1.84,95%CI:1.15～2.95;共显性遗传模型CC vs GG:OR=1.87,95%CI:1.34～2.59],在共显性遗传模型GC vs GG中,两者差异无统计学意义(OR=1.12,95%CI:0.94～1.35)。结论:MIF-173位点单核苷酸多态性与胃癌易感性明显相关,基因型CC+GC和CC会加大胃癌发生的风险。
文摘目的了解国内外高危药品管理的研究前沿及研究热点,对国内外高危药品管理现状进行对比总结,以期为后期建立普遍适用的高危药品管理条例和符合我国医疗体系且切实可行的管理制度提供参考。方法在Web of Science和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中以“高危药品管理”为主题词检索相关文献,时间1999—2019年,运用引文空间(CiteSpace)对筛选除重后的1336文献进行高被引文献、高频关键词、突变词等进行可视化分析和比较分析。结果国外对高危药品管理的研究多集中于老年人用药安全以及高危药品的质量管理,国内则主要集中在医疗机构高危药品管理方法和效果评价等管理实践研究方面。用药安全和风险管理是国内外高危药品管理领域的共同研究热点。结论国外高危药品管理多重视老年人用药安全和风险控制因素分析,国内则多是关于规范管理的定性研究。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81201808,No.81502544)the American Fight For Sight Postdoctoral Award+2 种基金Central South University Lieying grantEmory University Melanoma Prevention and Research Discovery Fundan unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness,Inc
文摘Rapid advances in nanomedicine have significantly changed many aspects of nanoparticle application to the eye including areas of diagnosis, imaging and more importantly drug delivery. The nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems has provided a solution to various drug solubility-related problems in ophthalmology treatment. Nanostructured compounds could be used to achieve local ocular delivery with minimal unwanted systematic side effects produced by taking advantage of the phagocyte system. In addition, the in vivo control release by nanomaterials encapsulated drugs provides prolong exposure of the compound in the body. Furthermore, certain nanoparticles can overcome important body barriers including the blood-retinal barrier as well as the corneal-retinal barrier of the eye for effective delivery of the drug. In summary, the nanotechnology based drug delivery system may serve as an important tool for uveal melanoma treatment.
文摘Power system planning is one of the essential tasks in the power system operation management, which requires in-depth knowledge of the system under consideration. It can be regarded as a nonlinear, discontinuous, constrained multi objective optimization problem. Although the traditional optimization tools can be used, the modern planning problem requires more advanced optimization tools. In this paper, a survey of state-of-the-art mathematical optimization methods that facilitates power system planning is provided, and the needs of introducing swarm intelligence approaches into power system planning are discussed.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52250008,52050171,51973043,22175047,52103203,and 52103338)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB36020000)+4 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2017YFA0206600)the CAS Instrument Development Project(Grant No.YJKYYQ20170037)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.4222087,2222086)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2020ME070)the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(Grant No.BNLMS201907),and the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents Program.
文摘Molecular spintronics,as an emerging field that makes full use of the advantage of ultralong room-temperature spin lifetime and abundant electrical-optical-magnetic properties of molecular semiconductors,has gained wide attention for its great potential for further commercial applications.Despite the significant progress that has been made,there remain several huge challenges that limit the future development of this field.This Perspective provides discussions on the spin transport mechanisms and performances of molecular semiconductors,spinterface effect,and related spin injection in spintronic devices,and current spin-charge interactive functionalities,along with the summarization of the main obstacles of these aspects.Furthermore,we particularly propose targeted solutions,aiming to enhance the spin injection and transport efficiency by molecular design and interface engineering and explore diverse spinrelated functionalities.Through this Perspective,we hope it will help the spintronic community identify the research trends and accelerate the development of molecular spintronics.
基金This work is partly supported by CSIRO Future Grid Flagship Grant Project 2 co-planning and optimization of gas and electricity networks.
文摘Shale gas resources have the potential to sig-nificantly contribute to worldwide energy portfolio.A great number shale gas reserves have been identified in many countries.Connections of newly found gas reserves to the existing energy infrastructures are challenging,as many stakeholders and market uncertainties are involved.The proposed co-planning approach is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem so as to minimize investments and enhance the reliability of the overall sys-tem.We propose a reliability assessment approach that is applicable for the coupled gas and electricity networks.In addition,the IEEE 24-bus RTS and a test gas system are applied to validate the performance of our approach.Based on the simulation results,the novel expansion co-planning approach is a robust and flexible decision tool,which provides network planners with comprehensive informa-tion regarding trade-offs between cost and system reliability.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62293502,62293500,62293504,62073138,and 62173147)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.222202317006)the Nanyang Technological University Startup Grant and MOE Tier 1(No.RG59/22)。
文摘Considering the popularity of electric vehicles and the flexibility of household appliances,it is feasible to dispatch energy in home energy systems under dynamic electricity prices to optimize electricity cost and comfort residents.In this paper,a novel home energy management(HEM)approach is proposed based on a data-driven deep reinforcement learning method.First,to reveal the multiple uncertain factors affecting the charging behavior of electric vehicles(EVs),an improved mathematical model integrating driver’s experience,unexpected events,and traffic conditions is introduced to describe the dynamic energy demand of EVs in home energy systems.Second,a decoupled advantage actor-critic(DA2C)algorithm is presented to enhance the energy optimization performance by alleviating the overfitting problem caused by the shared policy and value networks.Furthermore,separate networks for the policy and value functions ensure the generalization of the proposed method in unseen scenarios.Finally,comprehensive experiments are carried out to compare the proposed approach with existing methods,and the results show that the proposed method can optimize electricity cost and consider the residential comfort level in different scenarios.
