A two-year field experiment was conducted to measure the effects of densification methods on photosynthesis and yield of densely planted wheat.Inter-plant and inter-row distances were used to define ratefixed pattern(...A two-year field experiment was conducted to measure the effects of densification methods on photosynthesis and yield of densely planted wheat.Inter-plant and inter-row distances were used to define ratefixed pattern(RR)and row-fixed pattern(RS)density treatments.Meanwhile,four nitrogen(N)rates(0,144,192,and 240 kg N ha-1,termed N0,N144,N192,and N240)were applied with three densities(225,292.5,and 360×10^(4)plants ha^(-1),termed D225,D292.5,and D360).The wheat canopy was clipped into three equal vertical layers(top,middle,and bottom layers),and their chlorophyll density(Ch D)and photosynthetically active radiation interception(FIPAR)were measured.Results showed that the response of Ch D and FIPAR to N rate,density,and pattern varied with different layers.N rate,density,and pattern had significant interaction effects on Ch D.The maximum values of whole-canopy Ch D in the two seasons appeared in N240 combined with D292.5 and D360 under RR,respectively.Across two growing seasons,FIPAR values of RR were higher than those of RS by 29.37%for the top layer and 5.68%for the middle layer,while lower than those of RS by 20.62%for the bottom layer on average.With a low N supply(N0),grain yield was not significantly affected by density for both patterns.At N240,increasing density significantly increased yield under RR,but D360 of RS significantly decreased yield by 3.72%and 9.00%versus D225 in two seasons,respectively.With an appropriate and sufficient N application,RR increased the yield of densely planted wheat more than RS.Additionally,the maximum yield in two seasons appeared in the combination of D360 with N144 or N192 rather than of D225 with N240 under both patterns,suggesting that dense planting combined with an appropriate N-reduction application is feasible to increase photosynthesis capacity and yield.展开更多
Fault deformation characteristics in the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau before the Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake are investigated through time-series and structural geological analysis based on cross-fault observat...Fault deformation characteristics in the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau before the Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake are investigated through time-series and structural geological analysis based on cross-fault observation data from the Qilian Mountaine Haiyuan Fault belt and the West Qinling Fault belt. The results indicate: 1) Group short-term abnormal variations appeared in the Qilian Mountaine Haiyuan Fault belt and the West Qinling Fault belt before the Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake. 2) More medium and short-term anomalies appear in the middle-eastern segment of the Qilian Mountain Fault belt and the West Qinling Fault belt, suggesting that the faults' activities are strong in these areas. The faults' activities in the middle-eastern segment of the Qilian Fault belt result from extensional stress, as before the earthquake, whereas those in the West Qinling Fault belt are mainly compressional. 3) In recent years, moderate-strong earthquakes occurred in both the Kunlun Mountain and the Qilian Mountain Fault belts, and some energy was released. It is possible that the seismicity moved eastward under this regime. Therefore, we should pay attention to the West Qinling Mountain area where an Ms6-7 earthquake could occur in future.展开更多
To screen patients with early cervical lesions by analyzing the infection of high-risk Human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Research Methods: The cervical exfoliated cell specimens and their clinical data were collected. Th...To screen patients with early cervical lesions by analyzing the infection of high-risk Human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Research Methods: The cervical exfoliated cell specimens and their clinical data were collected. The HPV infection types of the collected specimens were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the correlation between HPV infection and clinicopathological features was analyzed statistically. Results: 725 cases were HR-HPV positive from 2605 cases, including 15 high-risk types of HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68. Different histological types ranged from NILM to HSIL, and the positive rate of HPV showed an increasing trend with the aggravation of cervical lesions. Conclusion: The positive rate of 15 high-risk HPV types in the collected specimens was 27.8%. Patients with early cervical lesions could be screened for 15 high-risk HPV infection types.展开更多
Despite extensive investigations,no precursor patterns for reliably predicting major earthquakes have thus far been identified.Seismogenic locked segments that can accumulate adequate strain energy to cause major eart...Despite extensive investigations,no precursor patterns for reliably predicting major earthquakes have thus far been identified.Seismogenic locked segments that can accumulate adequate strain energy to cause major earthquakes are highly heterogeneous and low brittle.The progressive cracking of the locked segments with these properties can produce an interesting seismic phenomenon:a landmark earthquake and a sequence of smaller subsequent earthquakes(pre-shocks)always arise prior to another landmark earthquake within a well-defined seismic zone and its current seismic period.Applying a mechanical model,magnitude constraint conditions,and case study data of 62 worldwide seismic zones,we show that two adjacent landmark earthquakes reliably occur at the volume-expansion point and peak-stress point(rupture)of a locked segment;thus,the former is an identified precursor for the latter.Such a precursor seismicity pattern before the locked-segment rupture has definite physical meanings,and it is universal regardless of the focal depth.Because the evolution of landmark earthquakes follows a deterministic rule described by the model,they are predictable.The results of this study lay a firm physical foundation for reliably predicting the occurrence of future landmark earthquakes in a seismic zone and can greatly improve our understanding of earthquake generation mechanism.展开更多
Microglia-mediated inflammatory responses have been shown to play a crucial role in Parkinson’s disease. In addition, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have shown anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment...Microglia-mediated inflammatory responses have been shown to play a crucial role in Parkinson’s disease. In addition, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have shown anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, whether they can protect neurons in Parkinson’s disease by inhibiting microglia-mediated inflammatory responses is not yet known. In this study, exosomes were isolated from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and injected into a 6-hydroxydopamine-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease. We found that the exosomes injected through the tail vein and lateral ventricle were absorbed by dopaminergic neurons and microglia on the affected side of the brain, where they repaired nigral-striatal dopamine system damage and inhibited microglial activation. Furthermore, in an in vitro cell model, pretreating lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells with exosomes reduced interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 secretion, prevented the adoption of pyroptosis-associated morphology by BV2 cells, and increased the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells. Potential targets for treatment with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes were further identified by high-throughput microRNA sequencing and protein spectrum sequencing. Our findings suggest that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes are a potential treatment for Parkinson’s disease, and that their neuroprotective effects may be mediated by inhibition of excessive microglial proliferation.展开更多
Emerging evidence indicated that the increase in food allergy(FA)over the past few decades was associated with the abnormal compositional and metabolic changes of gut microbiota.Gut microbiota played a vital role in m...Emerging evidence indicated that the increase in food allergy(FA)over the past few decades was associated with the abnormal compositional and metabolic changes of gut microbiota.Gut microbiota played a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of the immune system and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota promoted the occurrence of FA.Recent research suggested that short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),the main metabolites derived from gut microbiota,contributed to FA protection.Herein,we provided a comprehensive review on the relationship between gut microbiota and FA.The multifaceted mechanisms underlymg beneficial effects of gut microbiota composition/metabolites on the regulation of diverse cellular pathways in intestinal epithelial cells,dendritic cells,innate lymphoid cells,T cells,B cells and mast cells in the immune system were discussed systematically.These findings emphasized the positive function of gut microbiota in FA and provided novel ideas for the treatment or prevention of FA in the future.展开更多
Background Many countries have already banned the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry,making it extremely difficult to maintain animal health in livestock breeding.In the livestock industry,there is an urgent need ...Background Many countries have already banned the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry,making it extremely difficult to maintain animal health in livestock breeding.In the livestock industry,there is an urgent need to develop alternatives to antibiotics which will not lead to drug resistance on prolonged use.In this study,eighteen castrated bulls were randomly divided into two groups.The control group(CK)was fed the basal diet,while the antimicrobial peptide group(AP)was fed the basal diet supplemented with 8 g of antimicrobial peptides in the basal diet for the experimental period of 270 d.They were then slaughtered to measure production performance,and the ruminal contents were isolated for metagenomic and metabolome sequencing analysis.Result The results showed that antimicrobial peptides could improve the daily weight,carcass weight,and net meat weight of the experimental animals.Additionally,the rumen papillae diameter and the micropapillary density in the AP were significantly greater than those in the CK.Furthermore,the determination of digestive enzymes and fermentation parameters showed that the contents of protease,xylanase,andβ-glucoside in the AP were greater than those in the CK.However,lipase content in the CK was greater than that in the AP.Moreover,the content of acetate,propionate,butyrate,and valerate was found to be greater in AP than those in CK.The metagenomic analysis annotated 1993 differential microorganisms at the species level.The KEGG enrichment of these microorganisms revealed that the enrichment of drug resistance-related pathways was dramatically decreased in the AP,whereas the enrichment of immune-related pathways was significantly increased.There was also a significant reduction in the types of viruses in the AP.187 probiotics with significant differences were found,135 of which were higher in AP than in CK.It was also found that the antimicrobial mechanism of the antimicrobial peptides was quite specific.Seven low-abundance microorganisms(Acinetobactersp.Ac1271,Aequorivita soesokkakensis,Bacillus lacisalsi,Haloferax larsenii,Lysinibacillussp.3DF0063,Parabacteroidessp.217,Streptomycessp.So13.3)were found to regulate growth performance of the bull negatively.Metabolome analysis identified 45 differentially differential metabolites that significantly different between the CK and the AP groups.Seven upregulated metabolites(4-pyridoxic acid,Ala-Phe,3-ureidopropionate,hippuric acid,terephthalic acid,L-alanine,uridine 5-monophosphate)improve the growth performance of the experimental animals.To detect the interactions between the rumen microbiome and metabolism,we associated the rumen microbiome with the metabolome and found that negative regulation between the above 7 microorganisms and 7 metabolites.Conclusions This study shows that antimicrobial peptides can improve the growth performance of animals while resisting viruses and harmful bacteria and are expected to become healthy alternatives to antibiotics.We demonstrated a new antimicrobial peptides pharmacological model.We demonstrated low-abundance microorganisms may play a role by regulating the content of metabolites.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore how to improve the waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon through grafting,to provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation in rainy season.[Methods]The effects...[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore how to improve the waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon through grafting,to provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation in rainy season.[Methods]The effects of flooding stress on the growth and root physiological and biochemical characteristics of grafted and own-rooted red-seed watermelon seedlings were studied using Luffa as rootstocks and"Zhongxin 1"red-seed watermelon as scions.[Results]After flooding stress,the biomass and root activity of grafted seedlings of red-seed watermelon were significantly higher than those of own-rooted seedlings.With the prolongation of flooding stress time,the soluble sugar and proline content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the grafted seedlings had a larger increase and a smaller decrease,and were always significantly higher than own-rooted seedlings in the same period.The content of malondialdehyde in the root system of grafted seedlings increased first and then decreased,while it continued to increase in own-rooted seedlings,and the increase in own-rooted seedlings was significantly greater than that in grafted seedlings during the same period.[Conclusions]Grafting on Luffa rootstocks could improve waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon.展开更多
In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechani...In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechanical operators corresponding to the generation of fractional Fourier transform.The core function of the coordinate-momentum exchange operators in the addition law of fractional Fourier transform was analyzed too.In this paper,the bivariate operator Hermite polynomial theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)are used to establish the entanglement fractional Fourier transform theory to the extent of quantum.A new function generating formula and an operator for generating quantum entangled fractional Fourier transform are obtained using the fractional Fourier transform relationship in a pair of conjugated entangled state representations.展开更多
The development of quantum optics theory based on the method of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)has greatly stimulated the study of quantum states in the light field,especially non-Gaussian sta...The development of quantum optics theory based on the method of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)has greatly stimulated the study of quantum states in the light field,especially non-Gaussian states with various non-classical properties.In this paper,the two-mode squeezing operator is derived with integral theory within the Weyl ordering product of operators using a combinatorial field in which one mode is a chaotic field and the other mode is a vacuum field.The density operator of the new light field,its entanglement property and photon number distribution are analyzed.We also note that tracing a three-mode pure state can yield this new light field.These methods represent a theoretical approach to investigating new density operators of light fields.展开更多
Boron hydrides release an abundant amount of hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst.Accelerating bimolecular activation kinetics is the key to designing cost-effective catalysts for borohydride hydrolysis.In ...Boron hydrides release an abundant amount of hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst.Accelerating bimolecular activation kinetics is the key to designing cost-effective catalysts for borohydride hydrolysis.In this study,the bimolecular activation of a polar O-Co-P site demonstrated superior hydrogen-generation kinetics(turnover frequency,TOF=37 min−1,298 K)and low activation energy(41.0 kJ mol^(−1))close to that of noble-metal-based catalysts.Through a combination of experiments and theoretical calculations,it was revealed that the activated dangling oxygen atom in the Co–O precursor effectively replaced via surface-phosphorization because of strong electronic interactions between the dangling oxygen and P atoms.This substitution modulated the local coordination environment and electronegativity around the surface Co sites and formed a new polar O-Co-P active site for optimizing the activation kinetics of ammonia borane and water.This strategy based on bimolecular activation may create new avenues in the field of catalysis.展开更多
Discovering new superconductors via traditional trial-and-error experimental approaches is apparently a time-consuming process,and the correlations between the critical temperature(Tc) and material features are still ...Discovering new superconductors via traditional trial-and-error experimental approaches is apparently a time-consuming process,and the correlations between the critical temperature(Tc) and material features are still obscure.The rise of machine learning(ML) technology provides new opportunities to speed up inefficient exploration processes,and could potentially uncover new hints on the unclear correlations.In this work,we utilize open-source materials data,ML models,and data mining methods to explore the correlation between the chemical features and Tcvalues of superconducting materials.To further improve the prediction accuracy,a new model is created by integrating three basic algorithms,showing an enhanced accuracy with the coefficient of determination(R2) score of 95.9 % and root mean square error(RMSE) of 6.3 K.The average marginal contributions of material features towards Tcvalues are estimated to determine the importance of various features during prediction processes.The results suggest that the range thermal conductivity plays a critical role in Tcprediction among all element features.Furthermore,the integrated ML model is utilized to screen out potential twenty superconducting materials with Tcvalues beyond 50.0 K.This study provides insights towards Tcprediction to accelerate the exploration of potential high-Tcsuperconductors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary seminoma of the prostate(PSP)is a rare type of extragonadal germ cell tumour that is easily misdiagnosed,owing to the lack of specific clinical features.It is therefore necessary for clinicians to w...BACKGROUND Primary seminoma of the prostate(PSP)is a rare type of extragonadal germ cell tumour that is easily misdiagnosed,owing to the lack of specific clinical features.It is therefore necessary for clinicians to work toward improving the accuracy of PSP diagnosis.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old male patient presenting with acute urinary retention was admitted to a local hospital.A misdiagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia led to an improper prostatectomy.Histopathology revealed PSP invading the bladder neck and bilateral seminal vesicles.Further radiotherapy treatment for the local lesion was performed,and the patient had a disease-free survival period of 96 mo.This case was analysed along with 13 other cases of PSP identified from the literature.Only four of the cases(28.6%)were initially confirmed by prostate biopsy.In these cases,imaging examinations showed an enlarged prostate(range 6-11 cm)involving the bladder neck(13/14).Of the 14 total cases,11(78.6%)presented typical pure seminoma cell features,staining strongly positive for placental alkaline phosphatase,CD117,and OCT4.The median age at diagnosis was 51(range 27-59)years,and patients had a median progression-free survival time of 48(range 6-156)mo after treatment by cisplatin-based chemotherapy combined with surgery or radiotherapy.The remaining three were cases of mixed embryonal tumours with focal seminoma,which had clinical features similar to those of pure PSP,in addition that they also had elevated serum alpha fetoprotein,beta-human chorionic gonadotropin,and lactose dehydrogenase.CONCLUSION PSP should be considered in patients younger than 60 years with an enlarged prostate invading the bladder neck.Further prostate biopsies may aid in proper PSP diagnosis.Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is still the main primary therapy for PSP.展开更多
Circularly and elliptically polarized high-order harmonics have unique advantages when used in studying the chiral and magnetic features of matter.Here,we studied the polarization properties of high-order harmonics ge...Circularly and elliptically polarized high-order harmonics have unique advantages when used in studying the chiral and magnetic features of matter.Here,we studied the polarization properties of high-order harmonics generated from alignment nitrogen molecules driven by cross-linearly polarized two-color laser fields.Through adjusting various laser parameters and targets,such as the relative phase,the crossing angle,the intensity ratio of the driving fields,and the molecular alignment angle,we obtained highly elliptically polarized high-order harmonics with the same helicity in a wide spectral range.This provides a possible effective way to generate elliptically polarized attosecond pulses.Finally,we showed the probability of controlling the spectral range of elliptically polarized harmonics.展开更多
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic gastrectomy(LG)is widely accepted as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of early gastric cancer.However,its role in locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC)after neoadjuvant therapy(N...BACKGROUND Laparoscopic gastrectomy(LG)is widely accepted as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of early gastric cancer.However,its role in locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC)after neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)remains controversial.This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of LG vs open gastrectomy(OG)after NAT for the treatment of LAGC.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of LG vs OG after NAT for LAGC.METHODS We conducted a prospective study of 76 patients with LAGC who underwent NAT followed by LG(n=38)or OG(n=38)between 2021 and 2023.The primary endpoint was overall survival(OS),and the secondary endpoints were diseasefree survival(DFS),surgical complications,and quality of life(QOL).RESULTS The two groups had comparable baseline characteristics,with a median follow-up period of 24 mo.The 3-year OS rates in the LG and OG groups were 68.4%and 60.5%,respectively(P=0.42).The 3-year DFS rates in the LG and OG groups were 57.9%and 50.0%,respectively(P=0.51).The LG group had significantly less blood loss(P<0.001),a shorter hospital stay(P<0.001),and a lower incidence of surgical site infection(P=0.04)than the OG group.There were no significant differences in other surgical complications between the groups,including anastomotic leakage,intra-abdominal abscess,or wound dehiscence.The LG group had significantly better QOL scores than the OG group regarding physical functioning,role functioning,global health status,fatigue,pain,appetite loss,and body image at 6 months postoperatively(P<0.05).CONCLUSION LG after NAT is a viable and safe alternative to OG for the treatment of LAGC,with similar survival outcomes and superior short-term recovery and QOL.LG patients had less blood loss,shorter hospitalizations,and a lower incidence of surgical site infections than OG patients.Moreover,the LG group had better QOL scores in multiple domains 6 mo postoperatively.Therefore,LG should be considered a valid option for patients with LAGC who undergo NAT,particularly for those who prioritize postoperative recovery and QOL.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the correct formulation of breeding programs for red-seed watermelon and the effective breeding of hybrid offspring.[Methods]With local ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the correct formulation of breeding programs for red-seed watermelon and the effective breeding of hybrid offspring.[Methods]With local varieties and inbred lines of red-seed watermelon as test materials,the generalized heritability of fruit number per plant,single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,1000-seed weight,kernel-producing ratio,seed production ratio and seed volume were estimated by variance analysis;and the heritability,genetic variation coefficients,and correlation of the nine yield traits in 43 red-seed watermelon varieties were studied.[Results]The generalized heritability of fruit number per plant,single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,1000-seed weight,kernel-producing ratio,seed production ratio and seed volume were 12.86%,80.14%,75.96%,74.39%,48.01%,17.12%,24.97%,18.60%,and 37.07%,respectively.The heritability of single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number and single-fruit seed weight was higher,and early-generation individual selection could achieve a better effect on them;and 1000-seed weight and kernel-producing ratio had a higher coefficient of genetic variation,indicating a high selection potential.[Conclusions]Indirect selection could be achieved for traits such as the single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,and seed volume by selecting the single-fruit weight.In the process of red-seed watermelon breeding,traits with high heritability can be selected in early generations of hybrids,thus playing the role of early-generation orientation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2301402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071903)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Key Technologies R&D Program of China(BE2019386)the Guidance Foundation of the Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University,China(NAUSY2D01)the Earmarked Fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System(JATS(2022)468,JATS(2022)168)。
文摘A two-year field experiment was conducted to measure the effects of densification methods on photosynthesis and yield of densely planted wheat.Inter-plant and inter-row distances were used to define ratefixed pattern(RR)and row-fixed pattern(RS)density treatments.Meanwhile,four nitrogen(N)rates(0,144,192,and 240 kg N ha-1,termed N0,N144,N192,and N240)were applied with three densities(225,292.5,and 360×10^(4)plants ha^(-1),termed D225,D292.5,and D360).The wheat canopy was clipped into three equal vertical layers(top,middle,and bottom layers),and their chlorophyll density(Ch D)and photosynthetically active radiation interception(FIPAR)were measured.Results showed that the response of Ch D and FIPAR to N rate,density,and pattern varied with different layers.N rate,density,and pattern had significant interaction effects on Ch D.The maximum values of whole-canopy Ch D in the two seasons appeared in N240 combined with D292.5 and D360 under RR,respectively.Across two growing seasons,FIPAR values of RR were higher than those of RS by 29.37%for the top layer and 5.68%for the middle layer,while lower than those of RS by 20.62%for the bottom layer on average.With a low N supply(N0),grain yield was not significantly affected by density for both patterns.At N240,increasing density significantly increased yield under RR,but D360 of RS significantly decreased yield by 3.72%and 9.00%versus D225 in two seasons,respectively.With an appropriate and sufficient N application,RR increased the yield of densely planted wheat more than RS.Additionally,the maximum yield in two seasons appeared in the combination of D360 with N144 or N192 rather than of D225 with N240 under both patterns,suggesting that dense planting combined with an appropriate N-reduction application is feasible to increase photosynthesis capacity and yield.
基金funded by the Special Project of Basic Work of Science and Technology“Compilation and dataprocessing of modern vertical deformation Atlas of Chinese mainland”(2015FY210400)the Science and Technology Innovation Fund(FMC2015013)of the First Crust Monitoring and Application Center,China Earthquake Administration
文摘Fault deformation characteristics in the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau before the Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake are investigated through time-series and structural geological analysis based on cross-fault observation data from the Qilian Mountaine Haiyuan Fault belt and the West Qinling Fault belt. The results indicate: 1) Group short-term abnormal variations appeared in the Qilian Mountaine Haiyuan Fault belt and the West Qinling Fault belt before the Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake. 2) More medium and short-term anomalies appear in the middle-eastern segment of the Qilian Mountain Fault belt and the West Qinling Fault belt, suggesting that the faults' activities are strong in these areas. The faults' activities in the middle-eastern segment of the Qilian Fault belt result from extensional stress, as before the earthquake, whereas those in the West Qinling Fault belt are mainly compressional. 3) In recent years, moderate-strong earthquakes occurred in both the Kunlun Mountain and the Qilian Mountain Fault belts, and some energy was released. It is possible that the seismicity moved eastward under this regime. Therefore, we should pay attention to the West Qinling Mountain area where an Ms6-7 earthquake could occur in future.
文摘To screen patients with early cervical lesions by analyzing the infection of high-risk Human papillomavirus (HR-HPV). Research Methods: The cervical exfoliated cell specimens and their clinical data were collected. The HPV infection types of the collected specimens were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the correlation between HPV infection and clinicopathological features was analyzed statistically. Results: 725 cases were HR-HPV positive from 2605 cases, including 15 high-risk types of HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68. Different histological types ranged from NILM to HSIL, and the positive rate of HPV showed an increasing trend with the aggravation of cervical lesions. Conclusion: The positive rate of 15 high-risk HPV types in the collected specimens was 27.8%. Patients with early cervical lesions could be screened for 15 high-risk HPV infection types.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2019YFC1509701)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP) (No. 2019QZKK0904)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42107184)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2018M640181)
文摘Despite extensive investigations,no precursor patterns for reliably predicting major earthquakes have thus far been identified.Seismogenic locked segments that can accumulate adequate strain energy to cause major earthquakes are highly heterogeneous and low brittle.The progressive cracking of the locked segments with these properties can produce an interesting seismic phenomenon:a landmark earthquake and a sequence of smaller subsequent earthquakes(pre-shocks)always arise prior to another landmark earthquake within a well-defined seismic zone and its current seismic period.Applying a mechanical model,magnitude constraint conditions,and case study data of 62 worldwide seismic zones,we show that two adjacent landmark earthquakes reliably occur at the volume-expansion point and peak-stress point(rupture)of a locked segment;thus,the former is an identified precursor for the latter.Such a precursor seismicity pattern before the locked-segment rupture has definite physical meanings,and it is universal regardless of the focal depth.Because the evolution of landmark earthquakes follows a deterministic rule described by the model,they are predictable.The results of this study lay a firm physical foundation for reliably predicting the occurrence of future landmark earthquakes in a seismic zone and can greatly improve our understanding of earthquake generation mechanism.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,Nos.18967728D (to XQC),H2021423063 (to HXC)Youth Top Talent Project of Colleges and Universities in Hebei Province,No.BJ2021033 (to HXC)。
文摘Microglia-mediated inflammatory responses have been shown to play a crucial role in Parkinson’s disease. In addition, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have shown anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, whether they can protect neurons in Parkinson’s disease by inhibiting microglia-mediated inflammatory responses is not yet known. In this study, exosomes were isolated from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and injected into a 6-hydroxydopamine-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease. We found that the exosomes injected through the tail vein and lateral ventricle were absorbed by dopaminergic neurons and microglia on the affected side of the brain, where they repaired nigral-striatal dopamine system damage and inhibited microglial activation. Furthermore, in an in vitro cell model, pretreating lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells with exosomes reduced interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 secretion, prevented the adoption of pyroptosis-associated morphology by BV2 cells, and increased the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells. Potential targets for treatment with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes were further identified by high-throughput microRNA sequencing and protein spectrum sequencing. Our findings suggest that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes are a potential treatment for Parkinson’s disease, and that their neuroprotective effects may be mediated by inhibition of excessive microglial proliferation.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1605000)the National Natural Science Foundation(31872904)。
文摘Emerging evidence indicated that the increase in food allergy(FA)over the past few decades was associated with the abnormal compositional and metabolic changes of gut microbiota.Gut microbiota played a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of the immune system and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota promoted the occurrence of FA.Recent research suggested that short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),the main metabolites derived from gut microbiota,contributed to FA protection.Herein,we provided a comprehensive review on the relationship between gut microbiota and FA.The multifaceted mechanisms underlymg beneficial effects of gut microbiota composition/metabolites on the regulation of diverse cellular pathways in intestinal epithelial cells,dendritic cells,innate lymphoid cells,T cells,B cells and mast cells in the immune system were discussed systematically.These findings emphasized the positive function of gut microbiota in FA and provided novel ideas for the treatment or prevention of FA in the future.
基金financially supported by Research and application of corn straw forage and beef cattle high-efficiency and quality production technology (Provincial Education Science and Technology Innovation Project) (GSSYLXM-02)the Gansu beef cattle quality fattening project (GSAXMLZ-2021-01)+1 种基金the Application of Pingliang Red Bull Planting and Breeding Combined with High-efficiency Circular Production System Construction Technology Application (2020C-08)the local funding (GSSLCSX-2020-1)。
文摘Background Many countries have already banned the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry,making it extremely difficult to maintain animal health in livestock breeding.In the livestock industry,there is an urgent need to develop alternatives to antibiotics which will not lead to drug resistance on prolonged use.In this study,eighteen castrated bulls were randomly divided into two groups.The control group(CK)was fed the basal diet,while the antimicrobial peptide group(AP)was fed the basal diet supplemented with 8 g of antimicrobial peptides in the basal diet for the experimental period of 270 d.They were then slaughtered to measure production performance,and the ruminal contents were isolated for metagenomic and metabolome sequencing analysis.Result The results showed that antimicrobial peptides could improve the daily weight,carcass weight,and net meat weight of the experimental animals.Additionally,the rumen papillae diameter and the micropapillary density in the AP were significantly greater than those in the CK.Furthermore,the determination of digestive enzymes and fermentation parameters showed that the contents of protease,xylanase,andβ-glucoside in the AP were greater than those in the CK.However,lipase content in the CK was greater than that in the AP.Moreover,the content of acetate,propionate,butyrate,and valerate was found to be greater in AP than those in CK.The metagenomic analysis annotated 1993 differential microorganisms at the species level.The KEGG enrichment of these microorganisms revealed that the enrichment of drug resistance-related pathways was dramatically decreased in the AP,whereas the enrichment of immune-related pathways was significantly increased.There was also a significant reduction in the types of viruses in the AP.187 probiotics with significant differences were found,135 of which were higher in AP than in CK.It was also found that the antimicrobial mechanism of the antimicrobial peptides was quite specific.Seven low-abundance microorganisms(Acinetobactersp.Ac1271,Aequorivita soesokkakensis,Bacillus lacisalsi,Haloferax larsenii,Lysinibacillussp.3DF0063,Parabacteroidessp.217,Streptomycessp.So13.3)were found to regulate growth performance of the bull negatively.Metabolome analysis identified 45 differentially differential metabolites that significantly different between the CK and the AP groups.Seven upregulated metabolites(4-pyridoxic acid,Ala-Phe,3-ureidopropionate,hippuric acid,terephthalic acid,L-alanine,uridine 5-monophosphate)improve the growth performance of the experimental animals.To detect the interactions between the rumen microbiome and metabolism,we associated the rumen microbiome with the metabolome and found that negative regulation between the above 7 microorganisms and 7 metabolites.Conclusions This study shows that antimicrobial peptides can improve the growth performance of animals while resisting viruses and harmful bacteria and are expected to become healthy alternatives to antibiotics.We demonstrated a new antimicrobial peptides pharmacological model.We demonstrated low-abundance microorganisms may play a role by regulating the content of metabolites.
基金Supported by"Watermelon and Muskmelon Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement"Post of Guangxi Bagui Scholars(2016A11)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore how to improve the waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon through grafting,to provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation in rainy season.[Methods]The effects of flooding stress on the growth and root physiological and biochemical characteristics of grafted and own-rooted red-seed watermelon seedlings were studied using Luffa as rootstocks and"Zhongxin 1"red-seed watermelon as scions.[Results]After flooding stress,the biomass and root activity of grafted seedlings of red-seed watermelon were significantly higher than those of own-rooted seedlings.With the prolongation of flooding stress time,the soluble sugar and proline content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the grafted seedlings had a larger increase and a smaller decrease,and were always significantly higher than own-rooted seedlings in the same period.The content of malondialdehyde in the root system of grafted seedlings increased first and then decreased,while it continued to increase in own-rooted seedlings,and the increase in own-rooted seedlings was significantly greater than that in grafted seedlings during the same period.[Conclusions]Grafting on Luffa rootstocks could improve waterlogging tolerance of red-seed watermelon.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11775208)the Foundation for Young Talents at the College of Anhui Province,China(Grant Nos.gxyq2021210 and gxyq2019077)the Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant Nos.KJ2020A0638 and 2022AH051586)。
文摘In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechanical operators corresponding to the generation of fractional Fourier transform.The core function of the coordinate-momentum exchange operators in the addition law of fractional Fourier transform was analyzed too.In this paper,the bivariate operator Hermite polynomial theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)are used to establish the entanglement fractional Fourier transform theory to the extent of quantum.A new function generating formula and an operator for generating quantum entangled fractional Fourier transform are obtained using the fractional Fourier transform relationship in a pair of conjugated entangled state representations.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11775208)the Foundation for Young Talents in College of Anhui Province,China(Grant Nos.gxyq2021210 and gxyq2019077)the Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant Nos.KJ2020A0638 and 2022AH051586)。
文摘The development of quantum optics theory based on the method of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)has greatly stimulated the study of quantum states in the light field,especially non-Gaussian states with various non-classical properties.In this paper,the two-mode squeezing operator is derived with integral theory within the Weyl ordering product of operators using a combinatorial field in which one mode is a chaotic field and the other mode is a vacuum field.The density operator of the new light field,its entanglement property and photon number distribution are analyzed.We also note that tracing a three-mode pure state can yield this new light field.These methods represent a theoretical approach to investigating new density operators of light fields.
基金H.Z.and K.Z.contributed equally to this work.Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos.22075254,52071135,51871090,U1804135,21805071,51671080,and 21401168)Plan for Scientific Inno-vation Talent of Henan Province (no.194200510019)Key Project of Educa-tional Commission of Henan Province (no.19A150025)are acknowledged.
文摘Boron hydrides release an abundant amount of hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst.Accelerating bimolecular activation kinetics is the key to designing cost-effective catalysts for borohydride hydrolysis.In this study,the bimolecular activation of a polar O-Co-P site demonstrated superior hydrogen-generation kinetics(turnover frequency,TOF=37 min−1,298 K)and low activation energy(41.0 kJ mol^(−1))close to that of noble-metal-based catalysts.Through a combination of experiments and theoretical calculations,it was revealed that the activated dangling oxygen atom in the Co–O precursor effectively replaced via surface-phosphorization because of strong electronic interactions between the dangling oxygen and P atoms.This substitution modulated the local coordination environment and electronegativity around the surface Co sites and formed a new polar O-Co-P active site for optimizing the activation kinetics of ammonia borane and water.This strategy based on bimolecular activation may create new avenues in the field of catalysis.
基金financial supports from the Fund of Science and Technology on Reactor Fuel and Materials Laboratory(JCKYS2019201074)the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University,the Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20220531095404009)+1 种基金the Shenzhen Knowledge Innovation Plan-Fundamental Research(Discipline Distribution)(JCYJ20180507184623297)the Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Project of Material Genome Big-science Facilities Platform supported by Municipal Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen。
文摘Discovering new superconductors via traditional trial-and-error experimental approaches is apparently a time-consuming process,and the correlations between the critical temperature(Tc) and material features are still obscure.The rise of machine learning(ML) technology provides new opportunities to speed up inefficient exploration processes,and could potentially uncover new hints on the unclear correlations.In this work,we utilize open-source materials data,ML models,and data mining methods to explore the correlation between the chemical features and Tcvalues of superconducting materials.To further improve the prediction accuracy,a new model is created by integrating three basic algorithms,showing an enhanced accuracy with the coefficient of determination(R2) score of 95.9 % and root mean square error(RMSE) of 6.3 K.The average marginal contributions of material features towards Tcvalues are estimated to determine the importance of various features during prediction processes.The results suggest that the range thermal conductivity plays a critical role in Tcprediction among all element features.Furthermore,the integrated ML model is utilized to screen out potential twenty superconducting materials with Tcvalues beyond 50.0 K.This study provides insights towards Tcprediction to accelerate the exploration of potential high-Tcsuperconductors.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81472861The Key Project of Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Plan,China,No.2014C03048-1Hangzhou Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning Science and Technology Program,No.B20210355.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary seminoma of the prostate(PSP)is a rare type of extragonadal germ cell tumour that is easily misdiagnosed,owing to the lack of specific clinical features.It is therefore necessary for clinicians to work toward improving the accuracy of PSP diagnosis.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old male patient presenting with acute urinary retention was admitted to a local hospital.A misdiagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia led to an improper prostatectomy.Histopathology revealed PSP invading the bladder neck and bilateral seminal vesicles.Further radiotherapy treatment for the local lesion was performed,and the patient had a disease-free survival period of 96 mo.This case was analysed along with 13 other cases of PSP identified from the literature.Only four of the cases(28.6%)were initially confirmed by prostate biopsy.In these cases,imaging examinations showed an enlarged prostate(range 6-11 cm)involving the bladder neck(13/14).Of the 14 total cases,11(78.6%)presented typical pure seminoma cell features,staining strongly positive for placental alkaline phosphatase,CD117,and OCT4.The median age at diagnosis was 51(range 27-59)years,and patients had a median progression-free survival time of 48(range 6-156)mo after treatment by cisplatin-based chemotherapy combined with surgery or radiotherapy.The remaining three were cases of mixed embryonal tumours with focal seminoma,which had clinical features similar to those of pure PSP,in addition that they also had elevated serum alpha fetoprotein,beta-human chorionic gonadotropin,and lactose dehydrogenase.CONCLUSION PSP should be considered in patients younger than 60 years with an enlarged prostate invading the bladder neck.Further prostate biopsies may aid in proper PSP diagnosis.Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is still the main primary therapy for PSP.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12104389,12074329,and 12004323)the Nanhu Scholars Program for Young Scholars of XYNU.
文摘Circularly and elliptically polarized high-order harmonics have unique advantages when used in studying the chiral and magnetic features of matter.Here,we studied the polarization properties of high-order harmonics generated from alignment nitrogen molecules driven by cross-linearly polarized two-color laser fields.Through adjusting various laser parameters and targets,such as the relative phase,the crossing angle,the intensity ratio of the driving fields,and the molecular alignment angle,we obtained highly elliptically polarized high-order harmonics with the same helicity in a wide spectral range.This provides a possible effective way to generate elliptically polarized attosecond pulses.Finally,we showed the probability of controlling the spectral range of elliptically polarized harmonics.
基金This study was registered at the Clinical Trial Registration Center Testing Center.The registration identification number is(researchregistry9243).
文摘BACKGROUND Laparoscopic gastrectomy(LG)is widely accepted as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of early gastric cancer.However,its role in locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC)after neoadjuvant therapy(NAT)remains controversial.This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of LG vs open gastrectomy(OG)after NAT for the treatment of LAGC.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of LG vs OG after NAT for LAGC.METHODS We conducted a prospective study of 76 patients with LAGC who underwent NAT followed by LG(n=38)or OG(n=38)between 2021 and 2023.The primary endpoint was overall survival(OS),and the secondary endpoints were diseasefree survival(DFS),surgical complications,and quality of life(QOL).RESULTS The two groups had comparable baseline characteristics,with a median follow-up period of 24 mo.The 3-year OS rates in the LG and OG groups were 68.4%and 60.5%,respectively(P=0.42).The 3-year DFS rates in the LG and OG groups were 57.9%and 50.0%,respectively(P=0.51).The LG group had significantly less blood loss(P<0.001),a shorter hospital stay(P<0.001),and a lower incidence of surgical site infection(P=0.04)than the OG group.There were no significant differences in other surgical complications between the groups,including anastomotic leakage,intra-abdominal abscess,or wound dehiscence.The LG group had significantly better QOL scores than the OG group regarding physical functioning,role functioning,global health status,fatigue,pain,appetite loss,and body image at 6 months postoperatively(P<0.05).CONCLUSION LG after NAT is a viable and safe alternative to OG for the treatment of LAGC,with similar survival outcomes and superior short-term recovery and QOL.LG patients had less blood loss,shorter hospitalizations,and a lower incidence of surgical site infections than OG patients.Moreover,the LG group had better QOL scores in multiple domains 6 mo postoperatively.Therefore,LG should be considered a valid option for patients with LAGC who undergo NAT,particularly for those who prioritize postoperative recovery and QOL.
基金Supported by"Watermelon and Muskmelon Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement"Post of Guangxi Bagui Scholars(2016A11)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the correct formulation of breeding programs for red-seed watermelon and the effective breeding of hybrid offspring.[Methods]With local varieties and inbred lines of red-seed watermelon as test materials,the generalized heritability of fruit number per plant,single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,1000-seed weight,kernel-producing ratio,seed production ratio and seed volume were estimated by variance analysis;and the heritability,genetic variation coefficients,and correlation of the nine yield traits in 43 red-seed watermelon varieties were studied.[Results]The generalized heritability of fruit number per plant,single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,1000-seed weight,kernel-producing ratio,seed production ratio and seed volume were 12.86%,80.14%,75.96%,74.39%,48.01%,17.12%,24.97%,18.60%,and 37.07%,respectively.The heritability of single-fruit weight,single-fruit seed number and single-fruit seed weight was higher,and early-generation individual selection could achieve a better effect on them;and 1000-seed weight and kernel-producing ratio had a higher coefficient of genetic variation,indicating a high selection potential.[Conclusions]Indirect selection could be achieved for traits such as the single-fruit seed number,single-fruit seed weight,seed kernel weight,and seed volume by selecting the single-fruit weight.In the process of red-seed watermelon breeding,traits with high heritability can be selected in early generations of hybrids,thus playing the role of early-generation orientation.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.15ZR1428400)Shanghai Engineering Research Center of High-Performance Medical Device Materials,China(No.20DZ2255500)the Project of Creation of Life Innovation Materials for Interdisciplinary and International Researcher Development,Tohoku University,sponsored by Ministry,Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology,Japan,and the Grant-in Aid for Scientific Research(C)(No.20K05139)from JSPS(Japan Society for the Promotion of Science),Tokyo,Japan.
