Gene nanos is a maternal posterior group gene required for normal development of abdominal segments and the germ line in Drosophila. Expression of nanos-related genes is associated with the germ line in a broad variet...Gene nanos is a maternal posterior group gene required for normal development of abdominal segments and the germ line in Drosophila. Expression of nanos-related genes is associated with the germ line in a broad variety of other taxa. In this study, the 5＇-RACE method and the in silico cloning method are used to isolate the new nanos-like gene of Bombyx mor/and the gene obtained is analyzed with bioinformatics tools. The putative protein is expressed in Escherichia coli and the antiserum has been produced in New Zealand white rabbits. The result shows that the nanos cDNA is 1,913 bp in full length and contains a 954 bp open reading frame. The deduced protein has 317 amino acid residues, with a predicted molecular weight of 35 kDa, isoelectric point of 5.38, and contains a conserved nanos RNA binding domain. The conserved region of the deduced protein shares 73% homology with the nanos protein conserved region of Honeybee （Apis mellifera）. This gene has been registered in the GenBank under the accession number EF647589. One encoding sequence of the nanos fragment has been successfully expressed in E. coli. Western blotting analysis indicates that homemade antiserum can specifically detect nanos protein expressed in prokaryotic cells.展开更多
Background and Objective Cardiac pacing is an effective therapy in patients with bradycardia.Conventional right ventricular(RV)pacing is the source of ventricular dyssynchrony,leading to unfavorable clinical outcome.T...Background and Objective Cardiac pacing is an effective therapy in patients with bradycardia.Conventional right ventricular(RV)pacing is the source of ventricular dyssynchrony,leading to unfavorable clinical outcome.This study compared the electrocardiogram(ECG)characteristics during left bundle branch pacing(LBBP)with that during RV septal pacing(RVSP)which has been thought to be better than RV apical pacing.展开更多
Objective In order to provide the maximum benefit of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT),we tried to use an echocardiography method to optimize the atrioventricular and interventricular delay.Methods The study incl...Objective In order to provide the maximum benefit of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT),we tried to use an echocardiography method to optimize the atrioventricular and interventricular delay.Methods The study included 6 patients who underwent implantation of biventricular pacemakers for drug-resistant heart failure.Two-dimensional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging were carried out before and after the pacemaker implantation.The optimal AV delay was defined as the AV delay resulting in maximum timevelocity integral(TVI)of transmitral filling flow,the longest left ventricular filling time(LVFT)and the minimum mitral regurgitation(MR).The optimal VV delay was defined as the VV delay producing the maximum LV synchrony and the largest aortic TVI.Results CRT was successfully performed in all patients.After pacemaker implantation,an acute improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was observed from 26.5%to 35%.Meanwhile,the QRS duration decreased from 170ms to 150ms.The optimal AV delay was programmed at 130,120,120,120,150 and 110ms respectively with heart rate corrected,LVFT significantly lengthened and TVI of MR decreased(non-optimal vs optimal AV delay:LVFT:469ms vs 523ms;TVI of MR:16.43cm vs 13.06cm,P<0.05).The optimal VV delay was programmed at 4,4,4,8,12 and 8ms with LV preactivation respectively.Programming the optimal VV delay increased the aortic TVI from 17.33cm up to 21.42cm(P<0.05).In the septal and lateral wall,peak systolic velocities improved from2.70cm/s to 3.02cm/s(P>0.05)and froml.31cm/s to 2.50cm/s(P<0.05)respectively.The septal-to-lateral delay in peak velocity improved from 56.4ms to 13.3ms after CRT(P<0.01).Conclusions Optimization of AV and VV delays may further enhance the efficacy of CRT.However,there was interindividual variability of optimal values,warranting individual patient examination.展开更多
Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a species of agricultural importance, as well as a model organism for Lepidoptera insects. Proteomic method has been widely used in silkworm research, and a robust mass spectrometry-compatibl...Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a species of agricultural importance, as well as a model organism for Lepidoptera insects. Proteomic method has been widely used in silkworm research, and a robust mass spectrometry-compatible protein extraction method is urgently needed. In this study, we adapted phenol extraction method to extract silkworm midgut protein, and coupled this method with pH 5 - 8 gel strip for two dimensional electrophoresis. The phenol extraction method significantly increased the resolution, as well as greatly reduced the background of two dimensional electrophoresis gels. In addition, this method was well compatible with mass spectrometry analysis. This is the first report that phenol extraction method is used for silkworm midgut protein extraction, and may be applied in other researches.展开更多
Previously, we have reported that a gene encoding Bombyxmoriβ-N-acetylglucosaminidase 2 (BmGlcNAcase2) has been identified differentially expressed in the midgut of Bombyxmori strain NB resistant to nucleopolyhedrovi...Previously, we have reported that a gene encoding Bombyxmoriβ-N-acetylglucosaminidase 2 (BmGlcNAcase2) has been identified differentially expressed in the midgut of Bombyxmori strain NB resistant to nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), strain 306 susceptible to NPV and a near isogenic line BC9 with similar genetic background to 306 but resistant to NPV by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). To get more knowledge about the relationship between β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and the resistance of NPV, in this study, the 1542 bp open reading frame of a putative bombyxmoriβ-N-acetylglucosaminidase 2 gene (BmGlcNAcase2) was amplified from a pool of bombyxmoricDNAs and inserted into the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-30a(+).Western blotting analysis showed that BmGlcNAcase2 was expressed in hemolymph, ovary, testis, fat body, trachea, midgut and silk gland of fifth instar larvae respectively . Immunofluoresence analysis indicated that BmGlcNAcase2 was mainly located to the cytoplasm or some structure in cytoplasm.展开更多
Mineral dissolution and mechanical deformation of granite are two main mechanisms that affect permeability evolution of rock fracture.In this study,two water flow-through experiments with large granite fractures were ...Mineral dissolution and mechanical deformation of granite are two main mechanisms that affect permeability evolution of rock fracture.In this study,two water flow-through experiments with large granite fractures were conducted at 200 0C with a constant flow rate for 24 h,under confining pressures of 5 and 10 MPa,respectively.Water pressure and temperature were measured,fracture aperture and permeability were calculated,and chemical element concentrations in effluent water were tested for mechanism analysis.The permeability fluctuates up and down between 2.62 × 10^(-12)and 3.16 ×10^(-12)m^(2)at confining pressure of 5 MPa;while it decreased monotonously by 24% from 1.92 × 10^(-12)to1.45 × 10^(-12)m^(2)at a confining pressure of 10 MPa.The heat transfer rates at both experiments stay stable at about 0.25 J/s.The mass concentration of Ca,Na,K,and Si in effluent water are between 5 to 23mg/L,indicating slight dissolution of Ca-plagioclase,Na-plagioclase,and K-feldspar,as well as possible precipitation of minor amount of kaolinite or quartz.The total amount of free-face dissolution and pressure dissolution are similar at 5 and 10 MPa.The geochemical reaction counts for only small part of the aperture change,while the mechanical deformation counts the major part of the aperture change.展开更多
To the Editor:Cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT)is an effective treatment for advanced chronic heart failure(HF)patients with reduced ejection fraction.Despite its beneficial effects on cardiac function,traditiona...To the Editor:Cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT)is an effective treatment for advanced chronic heart failure(HF)patients with reduced ejection fraction.Despite its beneficial effects on cardiac function,traditional biventricular epicardial pacing(BiVP-epi)could not reduce ventricular arrhythmias(VAs)burden in all HF patients.展开更多
The zona pellucida domain protein Dusky(Dy)plays a vital role in wing morphogenesis in insects,but little information on its function has been reported.In this study,we found that dy regulated wing cell size,larval an...The zona pellucida domain protein Dusky(Dy)plays a vital role in wing morphogenesis in insects,but little information on its function has been reported.In this study,we found that dy regulated wing cell size,larval and pupal duration,and the metabolism of amino acid and 20-hydroxyecdysone in Tribolium castaneum.Using RNA-seq,413 differentially expressed genes were identified between physiological buffer-injected and dy-double-stranded RNA-treated larvae,including 88 downregulated genes and 325 upregulated genes.Among these genes,dy knockdown increased CYP18A1 expression to elevate the 26-hydroxylation of 20-hydroxyecdysone,which ultimately led to growth defects in wing cells.Silencing of dy upregulated the transcription of genes encoding tyrosine aminotransferase,4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase,homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase,and Pale to promote the catabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine,which eventually reduced amino acid content.Furthermore,dy knockdown upregulated 4E-BP expression,and 4E-BP silencing partially phenocopied dy RNA interference-mediated wing morphogenesis.These results suggest that Dy controls 20-hydroxyecdysone and amino acid metabolism to regulate wing morphogenesis in the insect.展开更多
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30370773)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2005CB 121000).
文摘Gene nanos is a maternal posterior group gene required for normal development of abdominal segments and the germ line in Drosophila. Expression of nanos-related genes is associated with the germ line in a broad variety of other taxa. In this study, the 5＇-RACE method and the in silico cloning method are used to isolate the new nanos-like gene of Bombyx mor/and the gene obtained is analyzed with bioinformatics tools. The putative protein is expressed in Escherichia coli and the antiserum has been produced in New Zealand white rabbits. The result shows that the nanos cDNA is 1,913 bp in full length and contains a 954 bp open reading frame. The deduced protein has 317 amino acid residues, with a predicted molecular weight of 35 kDa, isoelectric point of 5.38, and contains a conserved nanos RNA binding domain. The conserved region of the deduced protein shares 73% homology with the nanos protein conserved region of Honeybee （Apis mellifera）. This gene has been registered in the GenBank under the accession number EF647589. One encoding sequence of the nanos fragment has been successfully expressed in E. coli. Western blotting analysis indicates that homemade antiserum can specifically detect nanos protein expressed in prokaryotic cells.
文摘Background and Objective Cardiac pacing is an effective therapy in patients with bradycardia.Conventional right ventricular(RV)pacing is the source of ventricular dyssynchrony,leading to unfavorable clinical outcome.This study compared the electrocardiogram(ECG)characteristics during left bundle branch pacing(LBBP)with that during RV septal pacing(RVSP)which has been thought to be better than RV apical pacing.
文摘Objective In order to provide the maximum benefit of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT),we tried to use an echocardiography method to optimize the atrioventricular and interventricular delay.Methods The study included 6 patients who underwent implantation of biventricular pacemakers for drug-resistant heart failure.Two-dimensional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging were carried out before and after the pacemaker implantation.The optimal AV delay was defined as the AV delay resulting in maximum timevelocity integral(TVI)of transmitral filling flow,the longest left ventricular filling time(LVFT)and the minimum mitral regurgitation(MR).The optimal VV delay was defined as the VV delay producing the maximum LV synchrony and the largest aortic TVI.Results CRT was successfully performed in all patients.After pacemaker implantation,an acute improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was observed from 26.5%to 35%.Meanwhile,the QRS duration decreased from 170ms to 150ms.The optimal AV delay was programmed at 130,120,120,120,150 and 110ms respectively with heart rate corrected,LVFT significantly lengthened and TVI of MR decreased(non-optimal vs optimal AV delay:LVFT:469ms vs 523ms;TVI of MR:16.43cm vs 13.06cm,P<0.05).The optimal VV delay was programmed at 4,4,4,8,12 and 8ms with LV preactivation respectively.Programming the optimal VV delay increased the aortic TVI from 17.33cm up to 21.42cm(P<0.05).In the septal and lateral wall,peak systolic velocities improved from2.70cm/s to 3.02cm/s(P>0.05)and froml.31cm/s to 2.50cm/s(P<0.05)respectively.The septal-to-lateral delay in peak velocity improved from 56.4ms to 13.3ms after CRT(P<0.01).Conclusions Optimization of AV and VV delays may further enhance the efficacy of CRT.However,there was interindividual variability of optimal values,warranting individual patient examination.
文摘Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a species of agricultural importance, as well as a model organism for Lepidoptera insects. Proteomic method has been widely used in silkworm research, and a robust mass spectrometry-compatible protein extraction method is urgently needed. In this study, we adapted phenol extraction method to extract silkworm midgut protein, and coupled this method with pH 5 - 8 gel strip for two dimensional electrophoresis. The phenol extraction method significantly increased the resolution, as well as greatly reduced the background of two dimensional electrophoresis gels. In addition, this method was well compatible with mass spectrometry analysis. This is the first report that phenol extraction method is used for silkworm midgut protein extraction, and may be applied in other researches.
文摘Previously, we have reported that a gene encoding Bombyxmoriβ-N-acetylglucosaminidase 2 (BmGlcNAcase2) has been identified differentially expressed in the midgut of Bombyxmori strain NB resistant to nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), strain 306 susceptible to NPV and a near isogenic line BC9 with similar genetic background to 306 but resistant to NPV by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). To get more knowledge about the relationship between β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and the resistance of NPV, in this study, the 1542 bp open reading frame of a putative bombyxmoriβ-N-acetylglucosaminidase 2 gene (BmGlcNAcase2) was amplified from a pool of bombyxmoricDNAs and inserted into the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-30a(+).Western blotting analysis showed that BmGlcNAcase2 was expressed in hemolymph, ovary, testis, fat body, trachea, midgut and silk gland of fifth instar larvae respectively . Immunofluoresence analysis indicated that BmGlcNAcase2 was mainly located to the cytoplasm or some structure in cytoplasm.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 42072304 and 41702387)The Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2021RC3009)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 2021JJ40726)。
文摘Mineral dissolution and mechanical deformation of granite are two main mechanisms that affect permeability evolution of rock fracture.In this study,two water flow-through experiments with large granite fractures were conducted at 200 0C with a constant flow rate for 24 h,under confining pressures of 5 and 10 MPa,respectively.Water pressure and temperature were measured,fracture aperture and permeability were calculated,and chemical element concentrations in effluent water were tested for mechanism analysis.The permeability fluctuates up and down between 2.62 × 10^(-12)and 3.16 ×10^(-12)m^(2)at confining pressure of 5 MPa;while it decreased monotonously by 24% from 1.92 × 10^(-12)to1.45 × 10^(-12)m^(2)at a confining pressure of 10 MPa.The heat transfer rates at both experiments stay stable at about 0.25 J/s.The mass concentration of Ca,Na,K,and Si in effluent water are between 5 to 23mg/L,indicating slight dissolution of Ca-plagioclase,Na-plagioclase,and K-feldspar,as well as possible precipitation of minor amount of kaolinite or quartz.The total amount of free-face dissolution and pressure dissolution are similar at 5 and 10 MPa.The geochemical reaction counts for only small part of the aperture change,while the mechanical deformation counts the major part of the aperture change.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81870260)the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund:Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Internal No.2018-F01)
文摘To the Editor:Cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT)is an effective treatment for advanced chronic heart failure(HF)patients with reduced ejection fraction.Despite its beneficial effects on cardiac function,traditional biventricular epicardial pacing(BiVP-epi)could not reduce ventricular arrhythmias(VAs)burden in all HF patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32070501 and 31601893)General Project of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institu・tions(No.16KJB180004)Young Talents Training Pto・gram of Jiangsu University,and Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX19_1576).
文摘The zona pellucida domain protein Dusky(Dy)plays a vital role in wing morphogenesis in insects,but little information on its function has been reported.In this study,we found that dy regulated wing cell size,larval and pupal duration,and the metabolism of amino acid and 20-hydroxyecdysone in Tribolium castaneum.Using RNA-seq,413 differentially expressed genes were identified between physiological buffer-injected and dy-double-stranded RNA-treated larvae,including 88 downregulated genes and 325 upregulated genes.Among these genes,dy knockdown increased CYP18A1 expression to elevate the 26-hydroxylation of 20-hydroxyecdysone,which ultimately led to growth defects in wing cells.Silencing of dy upregulated the transcription of genes encoding tyrosine aminotransferase,4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase,homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase,and Pale to promote the catabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine,which eventually reduced amino acid content.Furthermore,dy knockdown upregulated 4E-BP expression,and 4E-BP silencing partially phenocopied dy RNA interference-mediated wing morphogenesis.These results suggest that Dy controls 20-hydroxyecdysone and amino acid metabolism to regulate wing morphogenesis in the insect.
