Background: Uveitis is a serious disease which dangerous complications can jeopardize the visual prognosis. Anterior uveitis (AU) is the inflammation of the anterior uvea which is composed of the iris and the ciliary ...Background: Uveitis is a serious disease which dangerous complications can jeopardize the visual prognosis. Anterior uveitis (AU) is the inflammation of the anterior uvea which is composed of the iris and the ciliary body. The objective of the study was to identify the epidemiological and etiological determinants of non-traumatic anterior uveitis at the Campus Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Materials and methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of the records of patients diagnosed with anterior uveitis (AU) without a notion of trauma in the ophthalmology department of CHU Campus of Lomé from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 (10 years). Results: 141 cases of uveitis, representing a prevalence of 0.18%. Female predominance, with a sex ratio of 0.76. Mean age was 34.74 ± 13.20 years. Decreased visual acuity was the primary complaint (34.40%), followed by ocular pain (28%). Non-traumatic anterior uveitis was unilateral in 87.2% of cases. Retro-corneal precipitates were present in all patients. 61.60% of patients had Tyndall in the anterior chamber. The etiology of non-traumatic AU was undetermined in 76.80% of cases. Toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis and syphilis were the main etiologies found. Conclusion: Non-traumatic anterior uveitis is relatively rare but serious, often affecting young subjects. It is a pathology that engages eye health professionals, not only because of the difficulties involved in diagnosing the etiology, but also because of its progression which sometimes leads to blindness.展开更多
Background: Uveitis is a serious disease which dangerous complications can jeopardize the visual prognosis. Anterior uveitis (AU) is the inflammation of the anterior uvea which is composed of the iris and the ciliary ...Background: Uveitis is a serious disease which dangerous complications can jeopardize the visual prognosis. Anterior uveitis (AU) is the inflammation of the anterior uvea which is composed of the iris and the ciliary body. The objective of the study was to identify the epidemiological and etiological determinants of non-traumatic anterior uveitis at the Campus Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Materials and methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of the records of patients diagnosed with anterior uveitis (AU) without a notion of trauma in the ophthalmology department of CHU Campus of Lomé from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 (10 years). Results: 141 cases of uveitis, representing a prevalence of 0.18%. Female predominance, with a sex ratio of 0.76. Mean age was 34.74 ± 13.20 years. Decreased visual acuity was the primary complaint (34.40%), followed by ocular pain (28%). Non-traumatic anterior uveitis was unilateral in 87.2% of cases. Retro-corneal precipitates were present in all patients. 61.60% of patients had Tyndall in the anterior chamber. The etiology of non-traumatic AU was undetermined in 76.80% of cases. Toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis and syphilis were the main etiologies found. Conclusion: Non-traumatic anterior uveitis is relatively rare but serious, often affecting young subjects. It is a pathology that engages eye health professionals, not only because of the difficulties involved in diagnosing the etiology, but also because of its progression which sometimes leads to blindness.展开更多
Objectives: To assess the factors influencing the ophthalmological follow-up of sickle cell patients in Togo. Materials and Methods: The national center of research and care for sickle cell patients (CNRSD) served as ...Objectives: To assess the factors influencing the ophthalmological follow-up of sickle cell patients in Togo. Materials and Methods: The national center of research and care for sickle cell patients (CNRSD) served as study setting. It was a descriptive and analytical study by interview over a three-month period from December 01, 2020 to March 02, 2021. Was included in the study, any patient with sickle cell disease genotype SS or SC, age ≥ 17 years, regularly followed at the CNRSD and having accepted the interview by a survey sheet. Excluded were patients with sickle cell trait genotype AS or AC or with a disability that prevented them from being interviewed. Results: Two hundred and fifty (250) patients with sickle cell disease were interviewed. The mean age was 29.1 years ± 11.12 years [17 years;67 years] and the sex ratio = 0.52. Nine patients over ten (9/10) attended at least secondary school. The jobless represented 25.60% of the total population followed respectively by students and laborers in 20.40% and 16% of cases. Twenty-four percent (24%) of patients were followed up in ophthalmology department. Statistically, there was no significant relationship between level of education (p = 0.4083), occupation (p = 0.6441) and knowledge of the ocular complications of sickle cell disease. Statistically, there was a significant relationship between knowledge of the ocular complications of sickle cell disease and compliance with ophthalmological follow-up (p = 0.0009). Conclusion: The knowledge of eye disorders related to sickle cell disease by patients with sickle cell disease improves their ophthalmological follow-up. Greater awareness on eye disorders related to sickle cell disease by medical staff towards patients with sickle cell disease would improve ophthalmological follow-up. .展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Large papillary excavations constitute a true differential diagnosis of glaucoma in our environments. <strong>Aim:</strong> To present a clinical case of large papi...<strong>Background:</strong> Large papillary excavations constitute a true differential diagnosis of glaucoma in our environments. <strong>Aim:</strong> To present a clinical case of large papillary excavation simulating glaucomatous optic neuropathy in a young subject. <strong>Case Presentation:</strong> The ophthalmologic examination made it possible to note a visual acuity of LogMar 0.00, ocular hypertonia and a large papillary excavation in both eyes. The visual field noted bilateral perimetric involvement suggesting optic neuropathy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the ganglion complex revealed an absence of involvement of the ganglion complex and the ganglion ridge essential to evoke optic neuropathy. An ocular hypotonizing treatment made it possible to normalize the intraocular pressure. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The particularity of this observation lies in the fact that the perimeter involvement that preceded any involvement can simulate a glaucomatous involvement. Functional damage to the visual field must be correlated with structural damage to suggest glaucomatous damage in our ophthalmic patients.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Ocular coloboma is the product of an error in the fetal fissure closure, normally occurring between the fifth and sixth weeks of gestation <a href="#R1" target=&qu...<strong>Background:</strong> Ocular coloboma is the product of an error in the fetal fissure closure, normally occurring between the fifth and sixth weeks of gestation <a href="#R1" target="_blank">[1]</a>. It may involve the cornea, iris, zonula, ciliary body, choroid, retina and optic nerve. The incidence of this syndrome is 0.7 per 10,000 live-births <a href="#R1" target="_blank">[1]</a>. The aim of this observation is to present the first case of bilateral coloboma of the iris <a href="#R1" target="_blank">[1]</a>. This case was associated with an ametropia causing a decrease in visual acuity. <strong>Case Presentation:</strong> This was a clinical observation concerning a young 12-year-old patient who consulted for blurring of vision which had progressed for approximately 2 years. The ophthalmologic examination revealed an ametropia with a bilateral notch of the pupillary rim suggesting a bilateral coloboma. There was no association with another coloboma such as chorioretinal coloboma which is quite common and is accompanied frequently by visual symptoms. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> A visual impairment of the child can indicate ametropia. However, other congenital anomalies can be discovered as was the case in this clinical observation.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Druses of the papilla constitute abnormal deposits of calcified hyaline material at the level of the head of the optic nerve. They can be superficial or deep. <strong>Aim...<strong>Background:</strong> Druses of the papilla constitute abnormal deposits of calcified hyaline material at the level of the head of the optic nerve. They can be superficial or deep. <strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this study is to show the utility of ocular ultrasound in ophthalmology in underdeveloped countries for the characterization of optic disc druse. <strong>Case Presentation:</strong> Our study relates to a clinical observation of buried papillary druses diagnosed by ocular ultrasound. The ophthalmologic examination revealed an aspect of false papillary edema in the fundus. The ocular ultrasound revealed hyperechogenic deposits buried in the papillary margins, which suggests the deep papillary druses. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Ocular ultrasound still has a prominent place in the diagnosis of certain eye conditions despite the new sophisticated means available to ophthalmology to date.展开更多
Objective: Maculopathies are more and more frequent. For the follow-up of its evolution and therapy, it seems important for us to determine the baseline in normal subjects by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). The go...Objective: Maculopathies are more and more frequent. For the follow-up of its evolution and therapy, it seems important for us to determine the baseline in normal subjects by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). The goal here is to determine the acceptable range of macular thickness in normal black subjects in Lomé. Methodology: This is a retrospective study over a 6-month period. It did not include all patients with retinopathy of any cause, maculopathy, and glaucoma. The analyzed variables were the average macular thickness, the central macular thickness, and the total macular volume. Results: Out of the 433 macular OCT performed, 191 patients were selected;a total of 338 eyes. These included 96 men and 95 women. A sex ratio was 1.01. The median age was 44.1 years with extremes ranging from 10 to 70 years. The average macular thickness was 263.4 μm for the right eye and 263.7 μm for the left eye. The central macular thickness was 174.1 μm for the right eye and 173.3 μm for the left eye. The total macular volume was 7.4 in both eyes. Discussion: No significant statistical difference existed between the two sexes. The average macular thickness found in this study was within the range of normality observed in the literature, which is between 216 and 288 μm. Conclusion: The average macular thickness of the normal subject in Lomé was 263.4 μm.展开更多
Purpose: To identify the pathologies of the vitreoretinal interface by Optical Coherence Tomography OCT of the retina in Lomé. Methodology: This is a retrospective analytical study, carried out in a specialized l...Purpose: To identify the pathologies of the vitreoretinal interface by Optical Coherence Tomography OCT of the retina in Lomé. Methodology: This is a retrospective analytical study, carried out in a specialized liberal center in Lomé. It was based on the analysis of OCT images of the retina, carried out with patients between October 2012 and October 2014. The variables collected were the socio-demographic characteristics, which were the various pathologies of the vitreoretinal interface. Results: 303 eyes of 164 patients were analyzed. The population was predominantly female (sex ratio = 0.95) aged 9 to 84 years with an average of 52.93 years. 121 eyes (39.9%) had posterior vitreous detachment with 66.1% in the 50 - 70 age group. 42 eyes (13.86%) presented vitreomacular traction with 66.6% in the 50 - 70 age group. 31 eyes (10.23%) presented an epi-retinal membrane with 61.2% in the 50 - 70 age group. 33 eyes (10.89%) had a full-thickness macular hole with 69.6% in the 50 - 70 age group. 4 eyes had a lamellar hole and 1 eye had a pseudo hole. Conclusion: OCT is an excellent tool for non-invasive exploration of the vitreoretinal interface. It gives precise information on the various pathologies of this interface. The need to evaluate the functional impact of these abnormalities, calls for other studies, especially prospective studies to assert their reality of those disease.展开更多
文摘Background: Uveitis is a serious disease which dangerous complications can jeopardize the visual prognosis. Anterior uveitis (AU) is the inflammation of the anterior uvea which is composed of the iris and the ciliary body. The objective of the study was to identify the epidemiological and etiological determinants of non-traumatic anterior uveitis at the Campus Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Materials and methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of the records of patients diagnosed with anterior uveitis (AU) without a notion of trauma in the ophthalmology department of CHU Campus of Lomé from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 (10 years). Results: 141 cases of uveitis, representing a prevalence of 0.18%. Female predominance, with a sex ratio of 0.76. Mean age was 34.74 ± 13.20 years. Decreased visual acuity was the primary complaint (34.40%), followed by ocular pain (28%). Non-traumatic anterior uveitis was unilateral in 87.2% of cases. Retro-corneal precipitates were present in all patients. 61.60% of patients had Tyndall in the anterior chamber. The etiology of non-traumatic AU was undetermined in 76.80% of cases. Toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis and syphilis were the main etiologies found. Conclusion: Non-traumatic anterior uveitis is relatively rare but serious, often affecting young subjects. It is a pathology that engages eye health professionals, not only because of the difficulties involved in diagnosing the etiology, but also because of its progression which sometimes leads to blindness.
文摘Background: Uveitis is a serious disease which dangerous complications can jeopardize the visual prognosis. Anterior uveitis (AU) is the inflammation of the anterior uvea which is composed of the iris and the ciliary body. The objective of the study was to identify the epidemiological and etiological determinants of non-traumatic anterior uveitis at the Campus Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Materials and methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of the records of patients diagnosed with anterior uveitis (AU) without a notion of trauma in the ophthalmology department of CHU Campus of Lomé from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 (10 years). Results: 141 cases of uveitis, representing a prevalence of 0.18%. Female predominance, with a sex ratio of 0.76. Mean age was 34.74 ± 13.20 years. Decreased visual acuity was the primary complaint (34.40%), followed by ocular pain (28%). Non-traumatic anterior uveitis was unilateral in 87.2% of cases. Retro-corneal precipitates were present in all patients. 61.60% of patients had Tyndall in the anterior chamber. The etiology of non-traumatic AU was undetermined in 76.80% of cases. Toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis and syphilis were the main etiologies found. Conclusion: Non-traumatic anterior uveitis is relatively rare but serious, often affecting young subjects. It is a pathology that engages eye health professionals, not only because of the difficulties involved in diagnosing the etiology, but also because of its progression which sometimes leads to blindness.
文摘Objectives: To assess the factors influencing the ophthalmological follow-up of sickle cell patients in Togo. Materials and Methods: The national center of research and care for sickle cell patients (CNRSD) served as study setting. It was a descriptive and analytical study by interview over a three-month period from December 01, 2020 to March 02, 2021. Was included in the study, any patient with sickle cell disease genotype SS or SC, age ≥ 17 years, regularly followed at the CNRSD and having accepted the interview by a survey sheet. Excluded were patients with sickle cell trait genotype AS or AC or with a disability that prevented them from being interviewed. Results: Two hundred and fifty (250) patients with sickle cell disease were interviewed. The mean age was 29.1 years ± 11.12 years [17 years;67 years] and the sex ratio = 0.52. Nine patients over ten (9/10) attended at least secondary school. The jobless represented 25.60% of the total population followed respectively by students and laborers in 20.40% and 16% of cases. Twenty-four percent (24%) of patients were followed up in ophthalmology department. Statistically, there was no significant relationship between level of education (p = 0.4083), occupation (p = 0.6441) and knowledge of the ocular complications of sickle cell disease. Statistically, there was a significant relationship between knowledge of the ocular complications of sickle cell disease and compliance with ophthalmological follow-up (p = 0.0009). Conclusion: The knowledge of eye disorders related to sickle cell disease by patients with sickle cell disease improves their ophthalmological follow-up. Greater awareness on eye disorders related to sickle cell disease by medical staff towards patients with sickle cell disease would improve ophthalmological follow-up. .
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Large papillary excavations constitute a true differential diagnosis of glaucoma in our environments. <strong>Aim:</strong> To present a clinical case of large papillary excavation simulating glaucomatous optic neuropathy in a young subject. <strong>Case Presentation:</strong> The ophthalmologic examination made it possible to note a visual acuity of LogMar 0.00, ocular hypertonia and a large papillary excavation in both eyes. The visual field noted bilateral perimetric involvement suggesting optic neuropathy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the ganglion complex revealed an absence of involvement of the ganglion complex and the ganglion ridge essential to evoke optic neuropathy. An ocular hypotonizing treatment made it possible to normalize the intraocular pressure. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The particularity of this observation lies in the fact that the perimeter involvement that preceded any involvement can simulate a glaucomatous involvement. Functional damage to the visual field must be correlated with structural damage to suggest glaucomatous damage in our ophthalmic patients.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Ocular coloboma is the product of an error in the fetal fissure closure, normally occurring between the fifth and sixth weeks of gestation <a href="#R1" target="_blank">[1]</a>. It may involve the cornea, iris, zonula, ciliary body, choroid, retina and optic nerve. The incidence of this syndrome is 0.7 per 10,000 live-births <a href="#R1" target="_blank">[1]</a>. The aim of this observation is to present the first case of bilateral coloboma of the iris <a href="#R1" target="_blank">[1]</a>. This case was associated with an ametropia causing a decrease in visual acuity. <strong>Case Presentation:</strong> This was a clinical observation concerning a young 12-year-old patient who consulted for blurring of vision which had progressed for approximately 2 years. The ophthalmologic examination revealed an ametropia with a bilateral notch of the pupillary rim suggesting a bilateral coloboma. There was no association with another coloboma such as chorioretinal coloboma which is quite common and is accompanied frequently by visual symptoms. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> A visual impairment of the child can indicate ametropia. However, other congenital anomalies can be discovered as was the case in this clinical observation.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Druses of the papilla constitute abnormal deposits of calcified hyaline material at the level of the head of the optic nerve. They can be superficial or deep. <strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this study is to show the utility of ocular ultrasound in ophthalmology in underdeveloped countries for the characterization of optic disc druse. <strong>Case Presentation:</strong> Our study relates to a clinical observation of buried papillary druses diagnosed by ocular ultrasound. The ophthalmologic examination revealed an aspect of false papillary edema in the fundus. The ocular ultrasound revealed hyperechogenic deposits buried in the papillary margins, which suggests the deep papillary druses. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Ocular ultrasound still has a prominent place in the diagnosis of certain eye conditions despite the new sophisticated means available to ophthalmology to date.
文摘Objective: Maculopathies are more and more frequent. For the follow-up of its evolution and therapy, it seems important for us to determine the baseline in normal subjects by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). The goal here is to determine the acceptable range of macular thickness in normal black subjects in Lomé. Methodology: This is a retrospective study over a 6-month period. It did not include all patients with retinopathy of any cause, maculopathy, and glaucoma. The analyzed variables were the average macular thickness, the central macular thickness, and the total macular volume. Results: Out of the 433 macular OCT performed, 191 patients were selected;a total of 338 eyes. These included 96 men and 95 women. A sex ratio was 1.01. The median age was 44.1 years with extremes ranging from 10 to 70 years. The average macular thickness was 263.4 μm for the right eye and 263.7 μm for the left eye. The central macular thickness was 174.1 μm for the right eye and 173.3 μm for the left eye. The total macular volume was 7.4 in both eyes. Discussion: No significant statistical difference existed between the two sexes. The average macular thickness found in this study was within the range of normality observed in the literature, which is between 216 and 288 μm. Conclusion: The average macular thickness of the normal subject in Lomé was 263.4 μm.
文摘Purpose: To identify the pathologies of the vitreoretinal interface by Optical Coherence Tomography OCT of the retina in Lomé. Methodology: This is a retrospective analytical study, carried out in a specialized liberal center in Lomé. It was based on the analysis of OCT images of the retina, carried out with patients between October 2012 and October 2014. The variables collected were the socio-demographic characteristics, which were the various pathologies of the vitreoretinal interface. Results: 303 eyes of 164 patients were analyzed. The population was predominantly female (sex ratio = 0.95) aged 9 to 84 years with an average of 52.93 years. 121 eyes (39.9%) had posterior vitreous detachment with 66.1% in the 50 - 70 age group. 42 eyes (13.86%) presented vitreomacular traction with 66.6% in the 50 - 70 age group. 31 eyes (10.23%) presented an epi-retinal membrane with 61.2% in the 50 - 70 age group. 33 eyes (10.89%) had a full-thickness macular hole with 69.6% in the 50 - 70 age group. 4 eyes had a lamellar hole and 1 eye had a pseudo hole. Conclusion: OCT is an excellent tool for non-invasive exploration of the vitreoretinal interface. It gives precise information on the various pathologies of this interface. The need to evaluate the functional impact of these abnormalities, calls for other studies, especially prospective studies to assert their reality of those disease.
