Objective To observe changes of plain MR T1WI signal intensity of dentate nucleus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after radiotherapy and multiple times of intravenous injection of gadolinium-based contrast agent(...Objective To observe changes of plain MR T1WI signal intensity of dentate nucleus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after radiotherapy and multiple times of intravenous injection of gadolinium-based contrast agent(GBCA).Methods Fifty patients with pathologically confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma and received intensity-modulated radiotherapy were retrospectively enrolled as the nasopharyngeal carcinoma group,and 50 patients with other malignant tumors and without history of brain radiotherapy were retrospectively enrolled as the control group.All patients received yearly GBCA enhanced MR examinations for the nasopharynx or the head.T1WI signal intensities of the dentate nucleus and the pons on same plane were measured based on images in the year of confirmed diagnosis(recorded as the first year)and in the second to the fifth years.T1WI signal intensity ratio of year i(ranging from 1 to 5)was calculated with values of dentate nucleus divided by values of the pons(ΔSI i),while the percentage of relative changes of year j(ranging from 2 to 5)was calculated withΔSI j compared toΔSI 1(Rchange j).The values of these two parameters were compared,and the correlation ofΔSI and GBCA injection year-time was evaluated within each group.Results No significant difference of gender,age norΔSI 1 was found between groups(all P>0.05).The second to the fifth yearΔSI and Rchange in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group were all higher than those in control group(all P<0.05).Within both groups,ΔSI was positively correlated with GBCA injection year-time(both P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent radiotherapy and multiple times of intravenous injection of GBCA tended to be found with gradually worsening GBCA deposition in dentate nucleus,for which radiotherapy might be a risk factor.展开更多
水分利用效率(Water Use Efficiency,WUE)是深入理解生态系统碳、水循环及两者耦合关系的重要指标,然而我国重要森林类型之一的竹林的WUE时空格局及其驱动机制研究不足。通过MODIS净初级生产力(NPP)和蒸散(ET)数据得到竹林区WUE,采用线...水分利用效率(Water Use Efficiency,WUE)是深入理解生态系统碳、水循环及两者耦合关系的重要指标,然而我国重要森林类型之一的竹林的WUE时空格局及其驱动机制研究不足。通过MODIS净初级生产力(NPP)和蒸散(ET)数据得到竹林区WUE,采用线性趋势法计算WUE年际变化率表征变化趋势,并应用地理加权回归(GWR)模型分析了WUE与气候和地形等10个驱动因子的关系,探究了中国南方竹林区近20年间(2000—2019)WUE驱动机制。结果表明:(1)2000—2019年中国南方竹林区WUE多年均值为0.89 gC m^(-2)mm^(-1),呈显著下降趋势,下降速率为0.0028 gC m^(-2)mm^(-1)a-1,ET上升速度大于NPP上升速度是造成WUE下降的主要原因;WUE呈南高北低的空间分布格局,83.5%区域的WUE呈下降趋势。(2)基于GWR模型的WUE驱动力分析发现,WUE变化最强的驱动因子是CO_(2)浓度和年降水量,而海拔、坡度等地形因子的驱动作用较弱,人类活动因子在大部分区域对WUE存在较小的正向驱动作用。明晰了我国竹林区近20年间对气候与环境变化的响应规律,为制定竹林适应性管理措施,并更好地发挥竹林在缓解气候变化方面的作用提供科学依据。展开更多
文摘Objective To observe changes of plain MR T1WI signal intensity of dentate nucleus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after radiotherapy and multiple times of intravenous injection of gadolinium-based contrast agent(GBCA).Methods Fifty patients with pathologically confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma and received intensity-modulated radiotherapy were retrospectively enrolled as the nasopharyngeal carcinoma group,and 50 patients with other malignant tumors and without history of brain radiotherapy were retrospectively enrolled as the control group.All patients received yearly GBCA enhanced MR examinations for the nasopharynx or the head.T1WI signal intensities of the dentate nucleus and the pons on same plane were measured based on images in the year of confirmed diagnosis(recorded as the first year)and in the second to the fifth years.T1WI signal intensity ratio of year i(ranging from 1 to 5)was calculated with values of dentate nucleus divided by values of the pons(ΔSI i),while the percentage of relative changes of year j(ranging from 2 to 5)was calculated withΔSI j compared toΔSI 1(Rchange j).The values of these two parameters were compared,and the correlation ofΔSI and GBCA injection year-time was evaluated within each group.Results No significant difference of gender,age norΔSI 1 was found between groups(all P>0.05).The second to the fifth yearΔSI and Rchange in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group were all higher than those in control group(all P<0.05).Within both groups,ΔSI was positively correlated with GBCA injection year-time(both P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent radiotherapy and multiple times of intravenous injection of GBCA tended to be found with gradually worsening GBCA deposition in dentate nucleus,for which radiotherapy might be a risk factor.
