以饲用西瓜(Citrullus var. citroides)‘1555、947’、药西瓜(Citrullus colocynthis)‘W1-49、W1-60’、野生西瓜(Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus)‘W1-51’和栽培西瓜(Citrullus lanatus.)‘W1-1’为试材,通过超高效液相色谱-串联...以饲用西瓜(Citrullus var. citroides)‘1555、947’、药西瓜(Citrullus colocynthis)‘W1-49、W1-60’、野生西瓜(Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus)‘W1-51’和栽培西瓜(Citrullus lanatus.)‘W1-1’为试材,通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱的广泛靶向代谢组学技术和多元统计分析,研究饲用西瓜、药西瓜、野生西瓜与栽培西瓜果肉差异代谢物。结果表明,6份西瓜材料果肉中共鉴定出580种代谢物,包括氨基酸及其衍生物、苯丙素、醇类、多酚、酚胺、核苷酸及其衍生物、花青素、黄酮、黄酮醇、黄酮类、黄烷酮、醌类、生物碱、糖类、萜类、维生素及衍生物、酚酸、异黄酮、吲哚及衍生物、有机酸及衍生物、甾体和脂质等初次级代谢物质。可知,氨基酸及其衍生物、黄酮、黄酮醇、有机酸及衍生物等差异代谢物可能与4种西瓜果肉颜色和风味等方面不同有关。研究分析西瓜属4种近缘种果肉差异代谢物,对合理利用和改良西瓜种质资源具有重要意义。展开更多
强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)是一种主要累及中轴骨的与多种因素和多种基因相关的非特异性炎症疾病,该病通常先发于骶髂关节,逐渐沿脊柱中轴向上至椎旁韧带、关节突及外周关节,发展到后期,椎间盘及韧带出现骨化,多节段融合...强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)是一种主要累及中轴骨的与多种因素和多种基因相关的非特异性炎症疾病,该病通常先发于骶髂关节,逐渐沿脊柱中轴向上至椎旁韧带、关节突及外周关节,发展到后期,椎间盘及韧带出现骨化,多节段融合,并逐渐演变成一个类似长骨的杆状结构,导致严重的脊柱畸形及关节强直。随着AS病程的进展,患者脊柱的弹性、顺应性逐渐降低,力学平衡逐渐丧失,同时长期的慢性炎症导致骨质疏松、骨脆性增加,使得AS患者脊柱发生骨折的风险显著高于正常人。2013年,由Robinson等进行的包含17764例患者的队列研究发现,AS患者发生脊柱骨折的概率约为正常人的3.3倍。同时,处于相对固定的胸椎与活动的颈椎之间连接部的下颈椎,因其解剖特点及生物力学特性,是脊柱骨折最高发的部位,约占73%。笔者针对强直性脊柱炎患者下颈椎骨折(ankylosing spondylitis with the lower cervical fracture,ASLCF)的治疗进展进行文献回顾,以期为临床医师选择合适的治疗方法提供思路。展开更多
Quenching experiments were performed at different cooling rates under non-directional solidification by differential thermal analysis, and the morphologic variation of primary phase, phase transition temperature and h...Quenching experiments were performed at different cooling rates under non-directional solidification by differential thermal analysis, and the morphologic variation of primary phase, phase transition temperature and hardness change at the same quenching temperature were investigated. The experimental results show that, with the gradual decrease of the cooling rate from 25 K/min, the morphology of ferrite starts to transform experiencing the dendrite, radial pattern, Widmanstatten-like and wire-net. Sample starts to present the Widmanstatten-like microstructure at 10 K/min which does not exist at higher or lower cooling rates, and this microstructure is detrimental to the mechanical property. Except 10 K/min, the hardness decreases with decreasing cooling rate.展开更多
文摘以饲用西瓜(Citrullus var. citroides)‘1555、947’、药西瓜(Citrullus colocynthis)‘W1-49、W1-60’、野生西瓜(Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus)‘W1-51’和栽培西瓜(Citrullus lanatus.)‘W1-1’为试材,通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱的广泛靶向代谢组学技术和多元统计分析,研究饲用西瓜、药西瓜、野生西瓜与栽培西瓜果肉差异代谢物。结果表明,6份西瓜材料果肉中共鉴定出580种代谢物,包括氨基酸及其衍生物、苯丙素、醇类、多酚、酚胺、核苷酸及其衍生物、花青素、黄酮、黄酮醇、黄酮类、黄烷酮、醌类、生物碱、糖类、萜类、维生素及衍生物、酚酸、异黄酮、吲哚及衍生物、有机酸及衍生物、甾体和脂质等初次级代谢物质。可知,氨基酸及其衍生物、黄酮、黄酮醇、有机酸及衍生物等差异代谢物可能与4种西瓜果肉颜色和风味等方面不同有关。研究分析西瓜属4种近缘种果肉差异代谢物,对合理利用和改良西瓜种质资源具有重要意义。
文摘强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)是一种主要累及中轴骨的与多种因素和多种基因相关的非特异性炎症疾病,该病通常先发于骶髂关节,逐渐沿脊柱中轴向上至椎旁韧带、关节突及外周关节,发展到后期,椎间盘及韧带出现骨化,多节段融合,并逐渐演变成一个类似长骨的杆状结构,导致严重的脊柱畸形及关节强直。随着AS病程的进展,患者脊柱的弹性、顺应性逐渐降低,力学平衡逐渐丧失,同时长期的慢性炎症导致骨质疏松、骨脆性增加,使得AS患者脊柱发生骨折的风险显著高于正常人。2013年,由Robinson等进行的包含17764例患者的队列研究发现,AS患者发生脊柱骨折的概率约为正常人的3.3倍。同时,处于相对固定的胸椎与活动的颈椎之间连接部的下颈椎,因其解剖特点及生物力学特性,是脊柱骨折最高发的部位,约占73%。笔者针对强直性脊柱炎患者下颈椎骨折(ankylosing spondylitis with the lower cervical fracture,ASLCF)的治疗进展进行文献回顾,以期为临床医师选择合适的治疗方法提供思路。
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2010DFB70630)
文摘Quenching experiments were performed at different cooling rates under non-directional solidification by differential thermal analysis, and the morphologic variation of primary phase, phase transition temperature and hardness change at the same quenching temperature were investigated. The experimental results show that, with the gradual decrease of the cooling rate from 25 K/min, the morphology of ferrite starts to transform experiencing the dendrite, radial pattern, Widmanstatten-like and wire-net. Sample starts to present the Widmanstatten-like microstructure at 10 K/min which does not exist at higher or lower cooling rates, and this microstructure is detrimental to the mechanical property. Except 10 K/min, the hardness decreases with decreasing cooling rate.
