为了研究不同贮藏期大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)对千页豆腐品质的影响,该文首先研究了贮藏期对大豆分离蛋白结构的影响,进而探讨贮藏期对大豆蛋白制备千页豆腐的品质的影响。对不同贮藏期的大豆蛋白分别采用了凝胶质构特性...为了研究不同贮藏期大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)对千页豆腐品质的影响,该文首先研究了贮藏期对大豆分离蛋白结构的影响,进而探讨贮藏期对大豆蛋白制备千页豆腐的品质的影响。对不同贮藏期的大豆蛋白分别采用了凝胶质构特性、感官评价、羰基含量、大豆蛋白亚基以及巯基的测定,并采用拉曼光谱对大豆蛋白二级结构、二硫键构型以及侧链结构进行了分析,同时采用扫描电镜观察千页豆腐的微结构。结果表明:随着贮藏期的延长,千页豆腐的感官评价变差,由88分降低至44分;其凝胶网络结构逐渐疏松;大豆蛋白羰基含量逐渐上升;巯基含量逐渐下降;二级结构含量改变;凝胶硬度呈下降趋势,硬度值低于234 g时,将无法达到千页豆腐的质量要求。这表明在贮藏期内SPI发生了氧化,导致大豆蛋白质结构发生改变,使其凝胶性质下降。展开更多
采用工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性、工业氧化改性4种方法对大豆分离蛋白(soybean protein isolate,SPI)进行改性处理,研究其对SPI结构的影响,进而探讨改性蛋白与肌原纤维蛋白(myofibrillar protein,MP)制成的复合凝胶的质构...采用工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性、工业氧化改性4种方法对大豆分离蛋白(soybean protein isolate,SPI)进行改性处理,研究其对SPI结构的影响,进而探讨改性蛋白与肌原纤维蛋白(myofibrillar protein,MP)制成的复合凝胶的质构特性及凝胶特性。结果表明:4种工业改性对SPI亚基组成并未造成显著影响,但是均减少了SPI的α-螺旋和无规卷曲结构相对含量,并增加了β-折叠与β-转角结构相对含量;工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性处理显著增加了SPI的二硫键含量并降低了SPI的游离巯基含量,而工业氧化改性显著降低了SPI的二硫键含量(P<0.05),且4种工业改性处理均改变了SPI的二硫键构型;4种工业改性蛋白的酪氨酸残基均趋向于“暴露式”,工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性处理使色氨酸残基趋向于“暴露”态,而工业氧化改性导致氧化蛋白聚集使色氨酸残基被包埋。SPI-MP复合凝胶的质构特性结果表明,工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性3种改性SPI与MP形成的复合凝胶硬度、弹性等质构特性均显著优于对照SPI(P<0.05),而工业氧化改性SPI形成的混合凝胶除黏结性外各项质构特性均差于对照SPI。观察SPI-MP复合凝胶扫描电镜图可知,工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性SPI形成的复合凝胶更加致密均匀,工业氧化改性SPI与MP形成的复合凝胶粗糙多孔。展开更多
CdZnTe(CZT)capacitive Frisch grid detectors can achieve a higher detecting resolution.The anode structure might have an important role in improving the weighting potential distribution of the detectors.In this paper, ...CdZnTe(CZT)capacitive Frisch grid detectors can achieve a higher detecting resolution.The anode structure might have an important role in improving the weighting potential distribution of the detectors.In this paper, four anode structures of capacitive Frisch grid structures have been analyzed with FE simulation,based on a 3-dimensional weighting potential analysis.The weighting potential distributions in modified anode devices(Model B, C and D)are optimized compared with a square device(Model A).In model C and D,the abrupt weighting potential can be well modified.However,with increased radius of the circular electrode in Model C the weighting potential platform away from the anode becomes higher and higher and in Model D,the weighting potential does not vary too much.展开更多
The effect of the fracture distribution on CO 2 injection into coal seams was studied with a heterogeneous model having dual porosity to represent both the primary medium (the coal matrix) and the secondary medium (th...The effect of the fracture distribution on CO 2 injection into coal seams was studied with a heterogeneous model having dual porosity to represent both the primary medium (the coal matrix) and the secondary medium (the fractures) under variable stress conditions. A numerical generation method and a digital image processing method were used to model the heterogeneous fracture distribution in the coal. The model solutions demonstrate that: (1) the fractures are the main channel for gas flow and their distribution has an important impact on the gas injection rate; (2) the fractures only affect the injection rate of CO 2 into the coal but not the final storage amount; (3) when gas is injected into coal the fractures will first expand and then close due to the changing effective stresses and the adsorption induced swelling of coal grains. This fully coupled dual-porosity model with a heterogeneous fracture distribution provides a way to predict the CO 2 injection into a coal seam.展开更多
文摘为了研究不同贮藏期大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)对千页豆腐品质的影响,该文首先研究了贮藏期对大豆分离蛋白结构的影响,进而探讨贮藏期对大豆蛋白制备千页豆腐的品质的影响。对不同贮藏期的大豆蛋白分别采用了凝胶质构特性、感官评价、羰基含量、大豆蛋白亚基以及巯基的测定,并采用拉曼光谱对大豆蛋白二级结构、二硫键构型以及侧链结构进行了分析,同时采用扫描电镜观察千页豆腐的微结构。结果表明:随着贮藏期的延长,千页豆腐的感官评价变差,由88分降低至44分;其凝胶网络结构逐渐疏松;大豆蛋白羰基含量逐渐上升;巯基含量逐渐下降;二级结构含量改变;凝胶硬度呈下降趋势,硬度值低于234 g时,将无法达到千页豆腐的质量要求。这表明在贮藏期内SPI发生了氧化,导致大豆蛋白质结构发生改变,使其凝胶性质下降。
文摘采用工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性、工业氧化改性4种方法对大豆分离蛋白(soybean protein isolate,SPI)进行改性处理,研究其对SPI结构的影响,进而探讨改性蛋白与肌原纤维蛋白(myofibrillar protein,MP)制成的复合凝胶的质构特性及凝胶特性。结果表明:4种工业改性对SPI亚基组成并未造成显著影响,但是均减少了SPI的α-螺旋和无规卷曲结构相对含量,并增加了β-折叠与β-转角结构相对含量;工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性处理显著增加了SPI的二硫键含量并降低了SPI的游离巯基含量,而工业氧化改性显著降低了SPI的二硫键含量(P<0.05),且4种工业改性处理均改变了SPI的二硫键构型;4种工业改性蛋白的酪氨酸残基均趋向于“暴露式”,工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性处理使色氨酸残基趋向于“暴露”态,而工业氧化改性导致氧化蛋白聚集使色氨酸残基被包埋。SPI-MP复合凝胶的质构特性结果表明,工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性3种改性SPI与MP形成的复合凝胶硬度、弹性等质构特性均显著优于对照SPI(P<0.05),而工业氧化改性SPI形成的混合凝胶除黏结性外各项质构特性均差于对照SPI。观察SPI-MP复合凝胶扫描电镜图可知,工业热改性、工业碱改性、工业糖基化改性SPI形成的复合凝胶更加致密均匀,工业氧化改性SPI与MP形成的复合凝胶粗糙多孔。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60676002 and No.10675080).
文摘CdZnTe(CZT)capacitive Frisch grid detectors can achieve a higher detecting resolution.The anode structure might have an important role in improving the weighting potential distribution of the detectors.In this paper, four anode structures of capacitive Frisch grid structures have been analyzed with FE simulation,based on a 3-dimensional weighting potential analysis.The weighting potential distributions in modified anode devices(Model B, C and D)are optimized compared with a square device(Model A).In model C and D,the abrupt weighting potential can be well modified.However,with increased radius of the circular electrode in Model C the weighting potential platform away from the anode becomes higher and higher and in Model D,the weighting potential does not vary too much.
基金supported by the Chinese National Science Foundation (51104147)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2011QNA17)+1 种基金National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB226800)State Key Laboratory for Geo-mechanics and Deep Underground Engineering in China
文摘The effect of the fracture distribution on CO 2 injection into coal seams was studied with a heterogeneous model having dual porosity to represent both the primary medium (the coal matrix) and the secondary medium (the fractures) under variable stress conditions. A numerical generation method and a digital image processing method were used to model the heterogeneous fracture distribution in the coal. The model solutions demonstrate that: (1) the fractures are the main channel for gas flow and their distribution has an important impact on the gas injection rate; (2) the fractures only affect the injection rate of CO 2 into the coal but not the final storage amount; (3) when gas is injected into coal the fractures will first expand and then close due to the changing effective stresses and the adsorption induced swelling of coal grains. This fully coupled dual-porosity model with a heterogeneous fracture distribution provides a way to predict the CO 2 injection into a coal seam.
