帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流...帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流域全域冰川物质平衡呈现不断亏损的状态,为-0.41 m w.e.·a^(-1),在2000—2019年物质平衡亏损更为严重,达到-0.56 m w.e.·a^(-1)。从空间分布上来看,流域东南部和流域西北部是冰川亏损最为严重的区域,流域中部和西部冰川亏损相比较少。温度的升高和降水的轻微减少是冰川物质亏损的主要原因。通过气温和降水的敏感性分析,气温上升1℃,流域71.75%的冰川物质平衡变化在-1000~-500 mm w.e.·a^(-1);降水减少20%,62.81%的冰川物质平衡变化在-450~-300 mm w.e.·a^(-1),相较于降水,冰川对气温变化更为敏感。通过分析国家气象站及再分析数据,发现1980—2019年气象站气温上升均超过1.5℃,波密站2000—2019年总降水相较于前20年,减少了10%,流域降水整体呈现减少的趋势,气温的持续升高和降水的轻微减少导致帕隆藏布流域冰川处于持续亏损之中。展开更多
Velocity is an important component of glacier dynamics and directly reflects the response of glaciers to climate change.As a result,an accurate determination of seasonal variation in glacier velocity is very important...Velocity is an important component of glacier dynamics and directly reflects the response of glaciers to climate change.As a result,an accurate determination of seasonal variation in glacier velocity is very important in understanding the annual variation in glacier dynamics.However,few studies of glacier velocity in the High Mountain Asia(HMA)region were done.Along these lines,in this work,based on Sentinel-1 glacier velocity data,the distribution of glacier velocity in the HMA region was plotted and their seasonal variations during 2015-2020 were systematically analysed.The average glacier velocity in the HMA region was 0.053 m/d,and was positively correlated with the glacier area and slope.Glaciers in the Karakoram Mountains had the fastest average flow velocity(0.060 m/d),where the glaciers exhibited the largest average area and average slope.Moreover,glaciers in the GangdisêMountains had the slowest velocity(0.022 m/d)and the smallest average glacier area.The glacier flows were the fastest in spring(0.058 m/d),followed by summer(0.050 m/d),autumn(0.041 m/d),and winter(0.040 m/d).In addition,the glacier flows were the maximum in May,being 1.4 times of the annual average velocity.In some areas,such as the Qilian,Altun,Tibetan Interior,Eastern Kunlun,and Western Kunlun mountains,the peak glacier velocities appeared in June and July.The glacier velocity in the HMA region decreased in midsummer and reached the minimum in December when it was 75%of the annual average.These results highlight the role of meltwater in the seasonal variation in glacier flows in late spring and early summer.The seasonal velocity variation of lake-terminating glaciers was similar to that of land-terminating ones,but the former flowed faster.The velocity difference close to the mass balance line between the lake-and land-terminating glaciers was obviously greater in spring than in other seasons.In summer,the difference between the lake-and land-terminating glaciers at a normalized distance of 0.05-0.40 from the terminus was significantly greater than those of other seasons.The velocity difference between the lake-and land-terminating glaciers is closely related to the variable of ice thickness,and also to the frictional force of the terminal base reduced by proglacial lakes.Thus,it can be concluded that in addition to the variation of the glacier thickness and viscosity,the variation of glacier water input also plays a key role in the seasonal variation of glacier velocity.展开更多
延时摄影因可靠、高效和低成本的优势,在冰川监测中应用广泛,特别是对于获取冰川表面连续变化信息而言。本文基于2020年3月—2021年9月物候相机拍摄的梅里雪山明永冰川末端照片及多期无人机影像,利用地面摄影测量技术和互相关算法,提取...延时摄影因可靠、高效和低成本的优势,在冰川监测中应用广泛,特别是对于获取冰川表面连续变化信息而言。本文基于2020年3月—2021年9月物候相机拍摄的梅里雪山明永冰川末端照片及多期无人机影像,利用地面摄影测量技术和互相关算法,提取了日尺度冰川表面运动速度。结果表明:通过物候图像获取的冰川表面运动速度分辨率高,从海拔2 880~3 150 m a. s. l.,冰川总位移介于(129.38±7.76)~(669.95±247.88) m,年均表面运动速度达(79.14±4.74)~(412.86±152.75) m·a-1,呈从中间向两侧减缓的空间分布特征。冰川表面运动速度随季节变化,夏季流速[(0.13±0.06)~(1.99±0.37) m·d-1]快于冬季流速[(0.07±0.06)~(1.35±0.37) m·d-1]。与冬季流速相比,夏季流速受降水和气温升高的影响不稳定。根据流速分离结果,明永冰川末端底部全年处于融化或压融状态,底部滑动对冰川表面运动速度的贡献介于76%~93%。冬季底部滑动占表面流速高达82%,夏季底部滑动对冰川运动起绝对主导作用。本文采用的技术为进一步研究季风海洋型冰川的运动机制提供了参考方案。展开更多
文摘帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流域全域冰川物质平衡呈现不断亏损的状态,为-0.41 m w.e.·a^(-1),在2000—2019年物质平衡亏损更为严重,达到-0.56 m w.e.·a^(-1)。从空间分布上来看,流域东南部和流域西北部是冰川亏损最为严重的区域,流域中部和西部冰川亏损相比较少。温度的升高和降水的轻微减少是冰川物质亏损的主要原因。通过气温和降水的敏感性分析,气温上升1℃,流域71.75%的冰川物质平衡变化在-1000~-500 mm w.e.·a^(-1);降水减少20%,62.81%的冰川物质平衡变化在-450~-300 mm w.e.·a^(-1),相较于降水,冰川对气温变化更为敏感。通过分析国家气象站及再分析数据,发现1980—2019年气象站气温上升均超过1.5℃,波密站2000—2019年总降水相较于前20年,减少了10%,流域降水整体呈现减少的趋势,气温的持续升高和降水的轻微减少导致帕隆藏布流域冰川处于持续亏损之中。
基金supported by the Major Project on Natural Science Foundation of Universities in Anhui Province (2022AH040111)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42071085,41701087)。
文摘Velocity is an important component of glacier dynamics and directly reflects the response of glaciers to climate change.As a result,an accurate determination of seasonal variation in glacier velocity is very important in understanding the annual variation in glacier dynamics.However,few studies of glacier velocity in the High Mountain Asia(HMA)region were done.Along these lines,in this work,based on Sentinel-1 glacier velocity data,the distribution of glacier velocity in the HMA region was plotted and their seasonal variations during 2015-2020 were systematically analysed.The average glacier velocity in the HMA region was 0.053 m/d,and was positively correlated with the glacier area and slope.Glaciers in the Karakoram Mountains had the fastest average flow velocity(0.060 m/d),where the glaciers exhibited the largest average area and average slope.Moreover,glaciers in the GangdisêMountains had the slowest velocity(0.022 m/d)and the smallest average glacier area.The glacier flows were the fastest in spring(0.058 m/d),followed by summer(0.050 m/d),autumn(0.041 m/d),and winter(0.040 m/d).In addition,the glacier flows were the maximum in May,being 1.4 times of the annual average velocity.In some areas,such as the Qilian,Altun,Tibetan Interior,Eastern Kunlun,and Western Kunlun mountains,the peak glacier velocities appeared in June and July.The glacier velocity in the HMA region decreased in midsummer and reached the minimum in December when it was 75%of the annual average.These results highlight the role of meltwater in the seasonal variation in glacier flows in late spring and early summer.The seasonal velocity variation of lake-terminating glaciers was similar to that of land-terminating ones,but the former flowed faster.The velocity difference close to the mass balance line between the lake-and land-terminating glaciers was obviously greater in spring than in other seasons.In summer,the difference between the lake-and land-terminating glaciers at a normalized distance of 0.05-0.40 from the terminus was significantly greater than those of other seasons.The velocity difference between the lake-and land-terminating glaciers is closely related to the variable of ice thickness,and also to the frictional force of the terminal base reduced by proglacial lakes.Thus,it can be concluded that in addition to the variation of the glacier thickness and viscosity,the variation of glacier water input also plays a key role in the seasonal variation of glacier velocity.
文摘延时摄影因可靠、高效和低成本的优势,在冰川监测中应用广泛,特别是对于获取冰川表面连续变化信息而言。本文基于2020年3月—2021年9月物候相机拍摄的梅里雪山明永冰川末端照片及多期无人机影像,利用地面摄影测量技术和互相关算法,提取了日尺度冰川表面运动速度。结果表明:通过物候图像获取的冰川表面运动速度分辨率高,从海拔2 880~3 150 m a. s. l.,冰川总位移介于(129.38±7.76)~(669.95±247.88) m,年均表面运动速度达(79.14±4.74)~(412.86±152.75) m·a-1,呈从中间向两侧减缓的空间分布特征。冰川表面运动速度随季节变化,夏季流速[(0.13±0.06)~(1.99±0.37) m·d-1]快于冬季流速[(0.07±0.06)~(1.35±0.37) m·d-1]。与冬季流速相比,夏季流速受降水和气温升高的影响不稳定。根据流速分离结果,明永冰川末端底部全年处于融化或压融状态,底部滑动对冰川表面运动速度的贡献介于76%~93%。冬季底部滑动占表面流速高达82%,夏季底部滑动对冰川运动起绝对主导作用。本文采用的技术为进一步研究季风海洋型冰川的运动机制提供了参考方案。
