Vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs)are one of the most promising energy storage systems owing to their safety,efficiency,flexibility and scalability.However,the commercial viability of VRFBs is still hindered by the ...Vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs)are one of the most promising energy storage systems owing to their safety,efficiency,flexibility and scalability.However,the commercial viability of VRFBs is still hindered by the low electrochemical performance of the available carbon-based electrodes.Defect engineering is a powerful strategy to enhance the redox catalytic activity of carbon-based electrodes for VRFBs.In this paper,uniform carbon defects are introduced on the surfaces of carbon felt(CF)electrode by Ar plasma etching.Together with a higher specific surface area,the Ar plasma treated CF offers additional catalytic sites,allowing faster and more reversible oxidation/reduction reactions of vanadium ions.As a result,the VRFB using plasma treated electrode shows a power density of 1018.3 mW/cm^(2),an energy efficiency(EE)of 84.5%,and the EE remains stable over 1000 cycles.展开更多
为确定槭属极小种群野生植物梓叶槭的基因组密码子使用模式和可能成因,以梓叶槭基因组中筛选的33034个编码基因为对象,利用Codon W 1.4.2、CUSP在线程序和R 4.1.1分别进行中性绘图、PR2-plot与ENC-plot分析,揭示梓叶槭基因组密码子使用...为确定槭属极小种群野生植物梓叶槭的基因组密码子使用模式和可能成因,以梓叶槭基因组中筛选的33034个编码基因为对象,利用Codon W 1.4.2、CUSP在线程序和R 4.1.1分别进行中性绘图、PR2-plot与ENC-plot分析,揭示梓叶槭基因组密码子使用偏好性及其影响因素,确定最优密码子。结果表明,1)梓叶槭基因组密码子GC含量在0.278~0.697,不同位置上的GC平均含量为GC_(1)(0.494)>GC_(3)(0.417)>GC_(2)(0.397),表明梓叶槭基因组密码子末位碱基偏好以A和U结尾;2)基因组中有效密码子数(ENC)在25.530~61.000,且大部分基因的ENC值>35,表明密码子偏好性较弱;3)PR2-plot与ENC-plot绘图分析结果显示,突变和选择等因素都在梓叶槭基因组密码子偏好性中起到了影响作用,但梓叶槭基因组受到突变压力的影响更大;4)最终确定UUU,UGU,CAA等29个密码子为梓叶槭基因组的最优密码子。研究结果为梓叶槭基因功能解析与后续利用基因工程技术改良槭属植物重要性状奠定了研究基础。展开更多
基金Project(Xiang Zu [2016] 91) supported by the “100 Talented Teams” of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2018RS3077) supported by the Huxiang High-level Talents Program,China+2 种基金Project(22002009) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2021JJ40565) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(19C0054) supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China。
文摘Vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs)are one of the most promising energy storage systems owing to their safety,efficiency,flexibility and scalability.However,the commercial viability of VRFBs is still hindered by the low electrochemical performance of the available carbon-based electrodes.Defect engineering is a powerful strategy to enhance the redox catalytic activity of carbon-based electrodes for VRFBs.In this paper,uniform carbon defects are introduced on the surfaces of carbon felt(CF)electrode by Ar plasma etching.Together with a higher specific surface area,the Ar plasma treated CF offers additional catalytic sites,allowing faster and more reversible oxidation/reduction reactions of vanadium ions.As a result,the VRFB using plasma treated electrode shows a power density of 1018.3 mW/cm^(2),an energy efficiency(EE)of 84.5%,and the EE remains stable over 1000 cycles.
文摘为确定槭属极小种群野生植物梓叶槭的基因组密码子使用模式和可能成因,以梓叶槭基因组中筛选的33034个编码基因为对象,利用Codon W 1.4.2、CUSP在线程序和R 4.1.1分别进行中性绘图、PR2-plot与ENC-plot分析,揭示梓叶槭基因组密码子使用偏好性及其影响因素,确定最优密码子。结果表明,1)梓叶槭基因组密码子GC含量在0.278~0.697,不同位置上的GC平均含量为GC_(1)(0.494)>GC_(3)(0.417)>GC_(2)(0.397),表明梓叶槭基因组密码子末位碱基偏好以A和U结尾;2)基因组中有效密码子数(ENC)在25.530~61.000,且大部分基因的ENC值>35,表明密码子偏好性较弱;3)PR2-plot与ENC-plot绘图分析结果显示,突变和选择等因素都在梓叶槭基因组密码子偏好性中起到了影响作用,但梓叶槭基因组受到突变压力的影响更大;4)最终确定UUU,UGU,CAA等29个密码子为梓叶槭基因组的最优密码子。研究结果为梓叶槭基因功能解析与后续利用基因工程技术改良槭属植物重要性状奠定了研究基础。
