油菜是我国重要的油料作物,常年种植面积约1亿亩,每年可生产约450万t菜籽油,占国内植物油总消费量的19.7%。与发达国家相比,我国油菜产业主要问题是产量低、品质差,年进口油菜籽约500万t。油菜基因组测序的完成,极大地推动了油菜育种行...油菜是我国重要的油料作物,常年种植面积约1亿亩,每年可生产约450万t菜籽油,占国内植物油总消费量的19.7%。与发达国家相比,我国油菜产业主要问题是产量低、品质差,年进口油菜籽约500万t。油菜基因组测序的完成,极大地推动了油菜育种行业的科研工作。据统计(Web of Science检索),2017年与油菜育种相关的SCI论文共有728篇,其中完全由中国学者完成的181篇,与其他国家合作完成的62篇,合计约占全世界的33.38%,但高水平论文数量还有待提高。2017年的研究进展主要集中在油菜籽含油量及品质、油菜籽产量、基因组驯化、雄性不育、非生物胁迫及抗病育种等方面。这些成果将积极地推动油菜育种产业的高产、优质及多元化发展,为我国油菜分子设计育种的实现提供了重要的理论基础。展开更多
本文以Web of Science、Derwent Innovation数据库为主要数据来源,利用文献计量学的方法,从文献数量、国家、机构以及研发主题等方面对2017年作物育种领域的研究论文和专利进行了全面分析。结果表明,中国和美国是作物育种领域科技产出大...本文以Web of Science、Derwent Innovation数据库为主要数据来源,利用文献计量学的方法,从文献数量、国家、机构以及研发主题等方面对2017年作物育种领域的研究论文和专利进行了全面分析。结果表明,中国和美国是作物育种领域科技产出大国,并且在研发主体和专利布局等方面不尽相同,具有各自特点。展开更多
In this research, soil samples were frst polluted with 6 PAEs （i.e. DMP, DEP, DIBP, DBP, DEHP, and BBP） at 3 different concentration gradients （0, 10, and 20 mg/kg） and then treated with a highly-efficient degrada...In this research, soil samples were frst polluted with 6 PAEs （i.e. DMP, DEP, DIBP, DBP, DEHP, and BBP） at 3 different concentration gradients （0, 10, and 20 mg/kg） and then treated with a highly-efficient degradation fungus, Fusarium oxysporum （PO-Yi）, to investigate the biodegradation of PAEs in pepper and eggplant soil. The findings revealed that PO-Yi can accelerate the degradation of PAEs in vegetable soils including pepper and eggplant soil to varying degrees. The highest absolute degradation rate （up to 39.5%） was observed in DEP-treated soils at the high pollution level （20 mg/kg）, which was 14.2% higher than that at the middle pollution level （10 mg/kg）. The degradation effect in the pepper soil was superior to that in the eggplant soil. Vegetable soil, either pepper soil or eggplant soil, which was polluted by various PAEs at different pollution gradients and then treated with PO-Yi fungus presented good bioremediation results. In the pepper and eggplant soil, 76.8% and 63.1% of the PAEs with a total volume of 60 mg/kg were degraded within 30 d respectively. PO-Yi, indigenous microorganisms, and the vegetables, i.e. pepper and eggplant had good synergistic effects on the degradation of compound PAEs in PAE-polluted pot soil.展开更多
To elucidate the differential gene expression patterns in soybeans during infection by Phytophthora sojae,a cDNA library for suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH） was constructed with cDNAs from soybean cultiv...To elucidate the differential gene expression patterns in soybeans during infection by Phytophthora sojae,a cDNA library for suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH） was constructed with cDNAs from soybean cultivar Suinong 10 treated with sterile distilled water as the driver and cDNAs from Suinong 10 inoculated with P.sojae as the tester.A total of 2 067 recombinant colonies from the SSH library were randomly picked,amplified,and sequenced.After discarding 312 poor quality expressed sequence tags （EST）,1 755 high quality ESTs were assembled and edited to 1 384 tentatively unique genes （TUG）,in which,586 showed significant homology to known sequences,and 798 had low homology or no match with the known sequences.A cDNA microarray containing 307 singletons from the 586 TUGs and 222 singletons from the 798 TUGs was developed to characterize differentially expressed cDNAs in the SSH library,and eight cDNAs were identified to be up-regulated after microarray analysis and then confirmed by real-time PCR.They were homologous to the protein 10,and were also related to some proteins in disease resistance response,such as pathogen-related protein,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,isoflavone reductase,WRKY transcription factor 31,major allergen Pru ar 1,and pleiotropic drug resistance protein 12.Most of the up-regulated cDNAs encode enzymes of phytoalexin biosynthesis and pathogenesis-related proteins involved in plant disease resistance.Here,we fist reported the Pru ar 1 in soybeans.The findings of this research have contributed to better understanding of soybean resistance to P.sojae at the molecular level.展开更多
In this research, soil samples were first polluted with 6 PAEs (i.e. DMP, DEP, DIBP, DBP, DEHP, and BBP) at 3 different concentration gradients (0, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and then treated with a highly-efficient degradatio...In this research, soil samples were first polluted with 6 PAEs (i.e. DMP, DEP, DIBP, DBP, DEHP, and BBP) at 3 different concentration gradients (0, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and then treated with a highly-efficient degradation fungus, Fusarium oxysporum (PO-Yi), to investigate the biodegradation of PAEs in pepper and eggplant soil. The findings revealed that PO-Yi can accelerate the degradation of PAEs in vegetable soils including pepper and eggplant soil to varying degrees. The highest absolute degradation rate (up to 39.5%) was observed in DEP-treated soils at the high pollution level (20 mg/kg), which was 14.2% higher than that at the middle pollution level (10 mg/kg). The degradation effect in the pepper soil was superior to that in the eggplant soil. Vegetable soil, either pepper soil or eggplant soil, which was polluted by various PAEs at different pollution gradients and then treated with PO-Yi fungus presented good bioremediation results. In the pepper and eggplant soil, 76.8% and 63.1% of the PAEs with a total volume of 60 mg/kg were degraded within 30 d respectively. PO-Yi, indigenous microorganisms, and the vegetables, i.e. pepper and eggplant had good synergistic effects on the degradation of compound PAEs in PAEpolluted pot soil.展开更多
文摘目的建立基于光谱融合的定性分析模型,实现高值茶油的真伪快速鉴别。方法优化设备条件,同时采集茶油的近红外光谱(near infrared spectroscopy,NIRS)和拉曼光谱(Raman spectroscopy,RS),分别使用6种方法进行预处理,优选4种方法来提取光谱特征波段,并应用数据层和特征层策略融合多光谱信息,通过比较验证不同模型的准确率和预测均方根误差(root mean square error of prediction,RMSEP)来评估效果。结果单独使用NIRS经标准正态变换处理后的偏最小二乘判别分析结果最优,准确率为0.8361,RMSEP为0.1060;单独使用RS经二阶导数处理后的结果最优,准确率为0.8443,RMSEP为0.1332;经NIRS和RS融合后数据结果高于任意单一光谱结果,其中数据层光谱融合模型准确率为0.8525,RMSEP为0.1270,特征层融合后的模型效果较好,最佳结果为基于核主成分分析下的支持向量机模型,准确率达到0.9508。结论光谱融合提升茶油掺伪定性鉴别准确率更高,具有较好的应用前景。
文摘油菜是我国重要的油料作物,常年种植面积约1亿亩,每年可生产约450万t菜籽油,占国内植物油总消费量的19.7%。与发达国家相比,我国油菜产业主要问题是产量低、品质差,年进口油菜籽约500万t。油菜基因组测序的完成,极大地推动了油菜育种行业的科研工作。据统计(Web of Science检索),2017年与油菜育种相关的SCI论文共有728篇,其中完全由中国学者完成的181篇,与其他国家合作完成的62篇,合计约占全世界的33.38%,但高水平论文数量还有待提高。2017年的研究进展主要集中在油菜籽含油量及品质、油菜籽产量、基因组驯化、雄性不育、非生物胁迫及抗病育种等方面。这些成果将积极地推动油菜育种产业的高产、优质及多元化发展,为我国油菜分子设计育种的实现提供了重要的理论基础。
文摘本文以Web of Science、Derwent Innovation数据库为主要数据来源,利用文献计量学的方法,从文献数量、国家、机构以及研发主题等方面对2017年作物育种领域的研究论文和专利进行了全面分析。结果表明,中国和美国是作物育种领域科技产出大国,并且在研发主体和专利布局等方面不尽相同,具有各自特点。
基金Supported by Hunan Key Research&Development Project(2016SK2053)Innovation Fund Project of Hunan Agricultural Science(2017JC65,2018ZD04)+1 种基金Project of International Joint Lab on Fruits&Vegetables Processing,Quality and Safety(2017)Project of Hunan Key Lab of Fruits&Vegetables Storage,Processing,Quality and Safety(2018)~~
文摘In this research, soil samples were frst polluted with 6 PAEs （i.e. DMP, DEP, DIBP, DBP, DEHP, and BBP） at 3 different concentration gradients （0, 10, and 20 mg/kg） and then treated with a highly-efficient degradation fungus, Fusarium oxysporum （PO-Yi）, to investigate the biodegradation of PAEs in pepper and eggplant soil. The findings revealed that PO-Yi can accelerate the degradation of PAEs in vegetable soils including pepper and eggplant soil to varying degrees. The highest absolute degradation rate （up to 39.5%） was observed in DEP-treated soils at the high pollution level （20 mg/kg）, which was 14.2% higher than that at the middle pollution level （10 mg/kg）. The degradation effect in the pepper soil was superior to that in the eggplant soil. Vegetable soil, either pepper soil or eggplant soil, which was polluted by various PAEs at different pollution gradients and then treated with PO-Yi fungus presented good bioremediation results. In the pepper and eggplant soil, 76.8% and 63.1% of the PAEs with a total volume of 60 mg/kg were degraded within 30 d respectively. PO-Yi, indigenous microorganisms, and the vegetables, i.e. pepper and eggplant had good synergistic effects on the degradation of compound PAEs in PAE-polluted pot soil.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities,Ministry of Education,China(NCET-09-164)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30671317,30971811,31071439,and 31110103001)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities in Heilongjiang Province,China(NCET-06-007)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(C200814)
文摘To elucidate the differential gene expression patterns in soybeans during infection by Phytophthora sojae,a cDNA library for suppression subtractive hybridization （SSH） was constructed with cDNAs from soybean cultivar Suinong 10 treated with sterile distilled water as the driver and cDNAs from Suinong 10 inoculated with P.sojae as the tester.A total of 2 067 recombinant colonies from the SSH library were randomly picked,amplified,and sequenced.After discarding 312 poor quality expressed sequence tags （EST）,1 755 high quality ESTs were assembled and edited to 1 384 tentatively unique genes （TUG）,in which,586 showed significant homology to known sequences,and 798 had low homology or no match with the known sequences.A cDNA microarray containing 307 singletons from the 586 TUGs and 222 singletons from the 798 TUGs was developed to characterize differentially expressed cDNAs in the SSH library,and eight cDNAs were identified to be up-regulated after microarray analysis and then confirmed by real-time PCR.They were homologous to the protein 10,and were also related to some proteins in disease resistance response,such as pathogen-related protein,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,isoflavone reductase,WRKY transcription factor 31,major allergen Pru ar 1,and pleiotropic drug resistance protein 12.Most of the up-regulated cDNAs encode enzymes of phytoalexin biosynthesis and pathogenesis-related proteins involved in plant disease resistance.Here,we fist reported the Pru ar 1 in soybeans.The findings of this research have contributed to better understanding of soybean resistance to P.sojae at the molecular level.
文摘In this research, soil samples were first polluted with 6 PAEs (i.e. DMP, DEP, DIBP, DBP, DEHP, and BBP) at 3 different concentration gradients (0, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and then treated with a highly-efficient degradation fungus, Fusarium oxysporum (PO-Yi), to investigate the biodegradation of PAEs in pepper and eggplant soil. The findings revealed that PO-Yi can accelerate the degradation of PAEs in vegetable soils including pepper and eggplant soil to varying degrees. The highest absolute degradation rate (up to 39.5%) was observed in DEP-treated soils at the high pollution level (20 mg/kg), which was 14.2% higher than that at the middle pollution level (10 mg/kg). The degradation effect in the pepper soil was superior to that in the eggplant soil. Vegetable soil, either pepper soil or eggplant soil, which was polluted by various PAEs at different pollution gradients and then treated with PO-Yi fungus presented good bioremediation results. In the pepper and eggplant soil, 76.8% and 63.1% of the PAEs with a total volume of 60 mg/kg were degraded within 30 d respectively. PO-Yi, indigenous microorganisms, and the vegetables, i.e. pepper and eggplant had good synergistic effects on the degradation of compound PAEs in PAEpolluted pot soil.
