Super oil and gas basins provide the energy foundation for social progress and human development.In the context of climate change and carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals,constructing an integrated energy and carbo...Super oil and gas basins provide the energy foundation for social progress and human development.In the context of climate change and carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals,constructing an integrated energy and carbon neutrality system that balances energy production and carbon reduction becomes crucial for the transformation of such basins.Under the framework of a green and intelligent energy system primarily based on“four news”,new energy,new electricity,new energy storage,and new intelligence,integrating a“super energy system”composed of a huge amount of underground resources of coal,oil,gas and heat highly overlapping with abundant wind and solar energy resources above ground,and a regional intelligent energy consumption system with coordinated development and utilization of fossil energy and new energy,with a carbon neutrality system centered around carbon cycling is essential.This paper aims to select the traditional oil and gas basins as“super energy basins”with the conditions to build world-class energy production and demonstration bases for carbon neutrality.The Ordos Basin has unique regional advantages,including abundant fossil fuel and new energy resources,as well as matching CO_(2)sources and sinks,position it as a carbon neutrality“super energy basin”which explores the path of transformation of traditional oil and gas basins.Under the integrated development concept and mode of“coal+oil+gas+new energy+carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)/carbon capture and storage(CCS)”,the carbon neutrality in super energy basin is basically achieved,which enhance energy supply and contribute to the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals,establish a modern energy industry and promote regional green and sustainable development.The pioneering construction of the world-class carbon neutrality“super energy system”demonstration basin in China represented by the Ordos Basin will reshape the new concept and new mode of exploration and development of super energy basins,which is of great significance to the global energy revolution under carbon neutrality.展开更多
Under global consensus on carbon neutrality and the intensification of regional conflicts,new energy has become the primary direction for various countries to achieve energy security and green development.Represented ...Under global consensus on carbon neutrality and the intensification of regional conflicts,new energy has become the primary direction for various countries to achieve energy security and green development.Represented by wind,solar,geothermal,hydrogen and stored energy,and controllable nuclear fusion,the technological and scale advantages of new energy are being continuously strengthened.Low-cost wind,solar,and stored energy will support the global energy transition.The production and utilization of new energy enter a rapid development phase.In 2022,the average global consumption of new energy accounted for 18.2%,and it is expected to reach around 55%by 2050.The distribution of the world's energy resources,consumption regions,technological development,per capita consumption,energy-saving fields,and carbon emissions is uneven.The acceleration of low-carbon development in fossil fuels,the scale-up of renewable energy,and the intelligentization of energy management drives the rapid transition of global energy.展开更多
Chinese-style modernization emphasizes the harmonious coexistence of man and nature and actively yet prudently promotes carbon peak and carbon neutrality.It delves deeply into the energy revolution,upholding the follo...Chinese-style modernization emphasizes the harmonious coexistence of man and nature and actively yet prudently promotes carbon peak and carbon neutrality.It delves deeply into the energy revolution,upholding the following principles:the“independence”of energy production,the“green”energy supply,the“security”of energy reserves,the“efficiency”of energy consumption,the“intelligence”of energy management,and the“economy”of energy costs.Efforts are being made to accelerate the planning and construction of a new type of energy system that is green and smart,with new energy,new electricity,new stored energy,and new smart energy as the mainstays,to ensure energy security.Currently,China is an energy power but not an energy superpower,and its energy consumption structure still needs further optimization.China’s new energy security strategy is composed of energy consumption revolution,energy supply revolution,energy technology revolution,and energy system revolution,complemented by comprehensive strengthening of international cooperation.This approach is aimed at advancing China’s energy revolution and transforming the nation’s energy supply pattern and shifting from a consumption mix in 2022.展开更多
世界上典型热液脉型钴矿床,如五元素(Ag-Bi-Co-Ni-As±U)矿床,因其高的钴品位(高达8%)而具有重要的经济价值和研究意义,该类矿床以自然元素和砷化物组合为特征。不同于五元素矿床,湘东北横洞热液脉型钴矿床(中型,品位约0.04%)的矿...世界上典型热液脉型钴矿床,如五元素(Ag-Bi-Co-Ni-As±U)矿床,因其高的钴品位(高达8%)而具有重要的经济价值和研究意义,该类矿床以自然元素和砷化物组合为特征。不同于五元素矿床,湘东北横洞热液脉型钴矿床(中型,品位约0.04%)的矿石矿物组合为黄铁矿+黄铜矿+闪锌矿+方铅矿+磁黄铁矿,目前对该矿床中含钴矿物的特征及钴的富集机制尚不清楚。本文在详细的矿相学工作基础上,采用EPMA、EBSD、LA-ICPMS和LA-MC-ICPMS等多种分析方法,对其黄铁矿开展了精细结构、成分和硫同位素分析。将黄铁矿划分为PyI、PyII和PyIII三个世代。其中,PyII是Co的重要载体,常呈丝带状、不规则状或韵律环带交代PyI或呈细粒状产出,其Co含量高达52141×10^(-6),明显高于其他世代黄铁矿。黄铁矿中Co与Fe具有较好的负相关性,表明Co主要呈类质同象的形式置换Fe存于黄铁矿晶格中。而黄铁矿中高的Co/Ni比值(1.05~393)和Se含量(10.69×10^(-6)~129×10^(-6))则暗示了其热液成因。此外,PyII与PyI之间具有不规则港湾状接触界面、突变的化学成分以及相近的晶体取向,这些暗示了富钴的PyII系含钴流体与围岩及早阶段黄铁矿快速反应的产物,溶解再沉淀的动力学过程是控制PyII的形成机制。不同世代黄铁矿的δ34 S V-CDT值接近,变化范围为-13.12‰~-8.70‰,与围岩地层的硫同位素特征接近。结合湘东北结晶基底高的Co含量(30.4×10^(-6)~72.3×10^(-6))和以往流体包裹体显微测温结果,认为在晚侏罗世-早白垩世期间,NE-ENE向的长沙-平江断裂带走滑剪切活动使得深源热液流体从结晶基底连云山岩群活化萃取了金属钴,富钴热液沿走滑断裂向上运移至成矿部位,再因压力周期性变化引起流体发生不混溶作用进而分离,导致钴金属络合物失稳,最后钴沉淀富集成矿。通过与世界上典型热液脉型钴矿床成矿特征的对比,提出流体低的盐度和低砷、高硫的特征是造成横洞钴矿床矿物组合简单的主要控制因素。展开更多
Taking lake basin shales of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin,NW China and the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin,NE China as research objects,the characteristics and origins of di...Taking lake basin shales of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin,NW China and the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin,NE China as research objects,the characteristics and origins of different types of silica in the shales have been studied by means of core observation,thin section identification,cathodoluminescence,X-ray diffraction analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron probe and rock pyrolysis.The results shows that the origins of silica include felsic mineral dissolution,tuffite devitrification,clay mineral transformation and siliceous mineral metasomatism.The silica formed by feldspar dissolution commonly appears as spots and veins,with low degree of crystallization,and is largely aqueous opal mineral,with an average Si O2 content of 67.2%.Silica formed by devitrification of tuffite mainly occurs in two forms,amorphous silica and authigenic quartz with better crystal shape.The authigenic silica formed during the transformation of clay minerals is embedded in the clay minerals in the form of micron-scale plates and small flakes,or mixed with clay minerals in a dispersed state.The authigenic quartz formed by siliceous mineral metasomatism is in better angular crystal shape,and has an average Si O2 content of 87%.The authigenic siliceous mineral content is positively correlated with the content of terrigenous felsic minerals.The pressure solution of felsic minerals is the main source of authigenic siliceous minerals,followed by the transformation of clay minerals,and the organic matter has some boost on the formation of authigenic silica.The authigenic siliceous materials of different origins have different geological characteristics and occurrence states from terrigenous quartz,which would affect the storage performance,seepage capacity and fracturing effect of continental shale.Although the organic-rich shale has high silica content,different from terrigenous quartz,authigenic silica in this kind of shale mostly floats and disperse in clay minerals,which would have negative effect on the formation of complex fractures in fracturing,fracture support ability after fracturing,and formation of effective seepage channels.Calculating the brittleness index of shale intervals only based on the composition of brittle minerals cannot accurately characterize mechanical characteristics of continental shale oil reservoirs,and would affect comprehensive evaluation and selection of continental shale oil“sweet spots”.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42072187)PetroChina Science and Technology Special Project(2021ZZ01-05)。
文摘Super oil and gas basins provide the energy foundation for social progress and human development.In the context of climate change and carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals,constructing an integrated energy and carbon neutrality system that balances energy production and carbon reduction becomes crucial for the transformation of such basins.Under the framework of a green and intelligent energy system primarily based on“four news”,new energy,new electricity,new energy storage,and new intelligence,integrating a“super energy system”composed of a huge amount of underground resources of coal,oil,gas and heat highly overlapping with abundant wind and solar energy resources above ground,and a regional intelligent energy consumption system with coordinated development and utilization of fossil energy and new energy,with a carbon neutrality system centered around carbon cycling is essential.This paper aims to select the traditional oil and gas basins as“super energy basins”with the conditions to build world-class energy production and demonstration bases for carbon neutrality.The Ordos Basin has unique regional advantages,including abundant fossil fuel and new energy resources,as well as matching CO_(2)sources and sinks,position it as a carbon neutrality“super energy basin”which explores the path of transformation of traditional oil and gas basins.Under the integrated development concept and mode of“coal+oil+gas+new energy+carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)/carbon capture and storage(CCS)”,the carbon neutrality in super energy basin is basically achieved,which enhance energy supply and contribute to the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals,establish a modern energy industry and promote regional green and sustainable development.The pioneering construction of the world-class carbon neutrality“super energy system”demonstration basin in China represented by the Ordos Basin will reshape the new concept and new mode of exploration and development of super energy basins,which is of great significance to the global energy revolution under carbon neutrality.
基金"Study on the Pore Preservation Mechanism during CO_(2) Enhanced Oil Recovery in Continental Tight Sandstone"funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No.:42072187)Topic 5"Research on Key Technologies for Evaluation and Monitoring of CCUS/CCS Geological Storage Site Selection"of CNPC Major Science and Technology Special Project"Study on the Pore Preservation Mechanism during the CO_(2) Enhanced Oil Recovery in Continental Tight Sandstone"(Project No.:2021ZZ01-05)
文摘Under global consensus on carbon neutrality and the intensification of regional conflicts,new energy has become the primary direction for various countries to achieve energy security and green development.Represented by wind,solar,geothermal,hydrogen and stored energy,and controllable nuclear fusion,the technological and scale advantages of new energy are being continuously strengthened.Low-cost wind,solar,and stored energy will support the global energy transition.The production and utilization of new energy enter a rapid development phase.In 2022,the average global consumption of new energy accounted for 18.2%,and it is expected to reach around 55%by 2050.The distribution of the world's energy resources,consumption regions,technological development,per capita consumption,energy-saving fields,and carbon emissions is uneven.The acceleration of low-carbon development in fossil fuels,the scale-up of renewable energy,and the intelligentization of energy management drives the rapid transition of global energy.
文摘Chinese-style modernization emphasizes the harmonious coexistence of man and nature and actively yet prudently promotes carbon peak and carbon neutrality.It delves deeply into the energy revolution,upholding the following principles:the“independence”of energy production,the“green”energy supply,the“security”of energy reserves,the“efficiency”of energy consumption,the“intelligence”of energy management,and the“economy”of energy costs.Efforts are being made to accelerate the planning and construction of a new type of energy system that is green and smart,with new energy,new electricity,new stored energy,and new smart energy as the mainstays,to ensure energy security.Currently,China is an energy power but not an energy superpower,and its energy consumption structure still needs further optimization.China’s new energy security strategy is composed of energy consumption revolution,energy supply revolution,energy technology revolution,and energy system revolution,complemented by comprehensive strengthening of international cooperation.This approach is aimed at advancing China’s energy revolution and transforming the nation’s energy supply pattern and shifting from a consumption mix in 2022.
文摘世界上典型热液脉型钴矿床,如五元素(Ag-Bi-Co-Ni-As±U)矿床,因其高的钴品位(高达8%)而具有重要的经济价值和研究意义,该类矿床以自然元素和砷化物组合为特征。不同于五元素矿床,湘东北横洞热液脉型钴矿床(中型,品位约0.04%)的矿石矿物组合为黄铁矿+黄铜矿+闪锌矿+方铅矿+磁黄铁矿,目前对该矿床中含钴矿物的特征及钴的富集机制尚不清楚。本文在详细的矿相学工作基础上,采用EPMA、EBSD、LA-ICPMS和LA-MC-ICPMS等多种分析方法,对其黄铁矿开展了精细结构、成分和硫同位素分析。将黄铁矿划分为PyI、PyII和PyIII三个世代。其中,PyII是Co的重要载体,常呈丝带状、不规则状或韵律环带交代PyI或呈细粒状产出,其Co含量高达52141×10^(-6),明显高于其他世代黄铁矿。黄铁矿中Co与Fe具有较好的负相关性,表明Co主要呈类质同象的形式置换Fe存于黄铁矿晶格中。而黄铁矿中高的Co/Ni比值(1.05~393)和Se含量(10.69×10^(-6)~129×10^(-6))则暗示了其热液成因。此外,PyII与PyI之间具有不规则港湾状接触界面、突变的化学成分以及相近的晶体取向,这些暗示了富钴的PyII系含钴流体与围岩及早阶段黄铁矿快速反应的产物,溶解再沉淀的动力学过程是控制PyII的形成机制。不同世代黄铁矿的δ34 S V-CDT值接近,变化范围为-13.12‰~-8.70‰,与围岩地层的硫同位素特征接近。结合湘东北结晶基底高的Co含量(30.4×10^(-6)~72.3×10^(-6))和以往流体包裹体显微测温结果,认为在晚侏罗世-早白垩世期间,NE-ENE向的长沙-平江断裂带走滑剪切活动使得深源热液流体从结晶基底连云山岩群活化萃取了金属钴,富钴热液沿走滑断裂向上运移至成矿部位,再因压力周期性变化引起流体发生不混溶作用进而分离,导致钴金属络合物失稳,最后钴沉淀富集成矿。通过与世界上典型热液脉型钴矿床成矿特征的对比,提出流体低的盐度和低砷、高硫的特征是造成横洞钴矿床矿物组合简单的主要控制因素。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(42072186)Science and Technology Project of Petro China(2021-DJ2203)Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of Petro China(2022KT0302-1)。
文摘Taking lake basin shales of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin,NW China and the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin,NE China as research objects,the characteristics and origins of different types of silica in the shales have been studied by means of core observation,thin section identification,cathodoluminescence,X-ray diffraction analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron probe and rock pyrolysis.The results shows that the origins of silica include felsic mineral dissolution,tuffite devitrification,clay mineral transformation and siliceous mineral metasomatism.The silica formed by feldspar dissolution commonly appears as spots and veins,with low degree of crystallization,and is largely aqueous opal mineral,with an average Si O2 content of 67.2%.Silica formed by devitrification of tuffite mainly occurs in two forms,amorphous silica and authigenic quartz with better crystal shape.The authigenic silica formed during the transformation of clay minerals is embedded in the clay minerals in the form of micron-scale plates and small flakes,or mixed with clay minerals in a dispersed state.The authigenic quartz formed by siliceous mineral metasomatism is in better angular crystal shape,and has an average Si O2 content of 87%.The authigenic siliceous mineral content is positively correlated with the content of terrigenous felsic minerals.The pressure solution of felsic minerals is the main source of authigenic siliceous minerals,followed by the transformation of clay minerals,and the organic matter has some boost on the formation of authigenic silica.The authigenic siliceous materials of different origins have different geological characteristics and occurrence states from terrigenous quartz,which would affect the storage performance,seepage capacity and fracturing effect of continental shale.Although the organic-rich shale has high silica content,different from terrigenous quartz,authigenic silica in this kind of shale mostly floats and disperse in clay minerals,which would have negative effect on the formation of complex fractures in fracturing,fracture support ability after fracturing,and formation of effective seepage channels.Calculating the brittleness index of shale intervals only based on the composition of brittle minerals cannot accurately characterize mechanical characteristics of continental shale oil reservoirs,and would affect comprehensive evaluation and selection of continental shale oil“sweet spots”.
