AIM: To characterize the histochemical type and pattern of intestinal metaplasia (IM) adjacent to gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) and distal gastric cancer (GC) in Linzhou, Henan Province, China.METHODS: Alcian-bl...AIM: To characterize the histochemical type and pattern of intestinal metaplasia (IM) adjacent to gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) and distal gastric cancer (GC) in Linzhou, Henan Province, China.METHODS: Alcian-blue-periodic acid Schiff and high iron diamine-Alcian blue histochemical methods were performed on 142 cases of IM, including 49 cases of GCA and 93 cases of GC. All the patients were from Linzhou, Henan Province, China, the highest incidence area for both GCA and squamous cell carcinoma. Radio- or chemotherapy was not applied to these patients before surgery.RESULTS: The detection rate of IM in tissues adjacent to GCA tissues was 44.9%, which was significantly lower than that in GC tissues (80.64%, P<0.01). The rates of both incomplete small intestinal and colonic IM types identified by histochemistry in GCA tissues (31.82% and 63.64%, respectively) were significantly higher than those in GC (5.33% and 21.33%, respectively, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: IM in GCA and GC should be considered as a separate entity. Further research is needed to evaluate whether neoplastic progression of IM is related to its mucin profile in GCA.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the effects and safety of combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin (L-OHP) and S-1 (SOX regimen) in older patients with advanced gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA). METHODS: Seventy patients with ad...AIM:To evaluate the effects and safety of combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin (L-OHP) and S-1 (SOX regimen) in older patients with advanced gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA). METHODS: Seventy patients with advanced GCA were classified according to age into an older group (≥ 75 years) and a control group (< 75 years). The SOX regimen was administered to the two groups as follows: S-1 (40 mg/m2 po bid) on days 1 to 14 followed by a 7-d off period, plus L-OHP (65 mg/m2 iv) for 2 h on days 1 and 8 of a 21-d cycle. This regimen was repeat-ed for four to six cycles. Response and swallow statuses were evaluated after two cycles (6 wk). Effects and toxicity were evaluated four weeks after chemotherapy was completed. RESULTS: The response rate was 65.6% (21/32) in the older group and 68.4% (26/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.062 and P = 0.804). Improvement in swallowing was 78.1% (25/32) in the older group and 76.3% (29/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.032 and P = 0.857). Effi cacy was 68.8% (22/32) in the older group and 65.8% (25/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.069 and P = 0.793). Toxicities were reversible and similar in both groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The SOX regimen is an effective, safe and well-tolerated regimen for older patients with advanced GCA.展开更多
AIM: To characterize cytogenetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its metastasis. METHODS: A total of 37 cases of primary ESCC and 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastat...AIM: To characterize cytogenetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its metastasis. METHODS: A total of 37 cases of primary ESCC and 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastatic lymph nodes cases were enrolled from Linzhou, the high incidence area for ESCC in Henan, northern China. The comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was applied to determine the chromosomal aberrations on the DNA extracted from the frozen ESCC and metastatic lymph node samples from these patients. RESULTS: CGH showed chromosomal aberrations in all the cases. In 37 cases of primary ESCC, chromosomal profile of DNA copy number was characterized by frequently detected gains at 8q (29/37, 78%), 3q (24/37, 65%), 5p (19/37, 51%); and frequently detected losses at 3p (21/37, 57%), 8p and 9q (14/37, 38%). In 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastatic lymph node cases, the majority of the chromosomal aberrations in both primary tumor and metastatic lymph node lesions were consistent with the primary ESCC cases, but new candidate regions of interest were also detected. The most significant finding is the gains of chromosome 6p with a minimum high-level amplification region at 6p12-6q12 in 7 metastatic lymph nodes butonly in 2 corresponding primary tumors (P = 0.05) and 20p with a minimum high-level amplification region at 20p12 in 11 metastatic lymph nodes but only in 5 corresponding primary tumors (P < 0.05). Another interesting finding is the loss of chromosome 10p and 10q in 8 and 7 metastatic lymph nodes but only in 2 corresponding primary tumors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Using the CGH technique to detect chromosomal aberrations in both the primary tumor and its metastatic lymph nodes of ESCC, gains of 8q, 3q and 5p and loss of 3p, 8p, 9q and 13q were specifically implicated in ESCC in Linzhou population. Gains of 6p and 20p and loss of 10pq may contribute to the lymph node metastasis of ESCC. These findings suggest that the gains and losses of chromosomal regions may contain ESCC-related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and provide important theoretic information for identifying and cloning novel ESCC-related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD), genetic polymorphism Lys751Gln and esophageal cancer risk. METHODS: We searched PubMed up to September 1, 2010 to identify eligible studies...AIM: To evaluate the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD), genetic polymorphism Lys751Gln and esophageal cancer risk. METHODS: We searched PubMed up to September 1, 2010 to identify eligible studies. A total of 10 casecontrol studies including 2288 cases and 4096 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manage version 4.2. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association.RESULTS: The results suggested that there is no significant association between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer susceptibility in the overall population. However, in subgroup analysis by histology type, a significant association was found between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal adenocarcinoma (for CC vs AA: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.55, P = 0.05 for heterogeneity). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggested that XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.展开更多
AIM To understand the molecular mechanism of esophageal cancer development and provide molecular markers for screening high-risk populations and early diagnosis. METHODS Two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with m...AIM To understand the molecular mechanism of esophageal cancer development and provide molecular markers for screening high-risk populations and early diagnosis. METHODS Two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry were adopted to screen differentially expressed proteins in nine cases of fetal esophageal epithelium, eight cases of esophageal cancer, and eight cases of tumor-adjacent normal esophageal epithelium collected from fetuses of different gestational age, or esophageal cancer patients from a high-risk area of esophageal cancer in China. Immunohistochemistry(avidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase complex method) was used to detect the expression of peroxiredoxin(PRX)6 in 91 cases of esophageal cancer, tumoradjacent normal esophageal tissue, basal cell hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ, as well as 65 cases of esophageal epithelium from fetuses at a gestational age of 3-9 mo.RESULTS After peptide mass fingerprint analysis and search of protein databases, 21 differential proteins were identified; some of which represent a protein isoform. Varying degrees of expression of PRX6 protein, which was localized mainly in the cytoplasm, were detected in adult and fetal normal esophageal tissues, precancerous lesions, and esophageal cancer. With the progression of esophageal lesions, PRX6 protein expression showed a declining trend(P < 0.05). In fetal epithelium from fetuses at gestational age 3-6 mo, PRX6 protein expression showed a declining trend with age(P < 0.05). PRX6 protein expression was significantly higher in well-differentiated esophageal cancer tissues than in poorly differentiated esophageal cancer tissues(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Development and progression of esophageal cancer result from interactions of genetic changes(accumulation or superposition). PRX6 protein is associated with fetal esophageal development and cancer differentiation.展开更多
Objective: This study aimed to determine if gastric cardia adenocarcinoma(GCA) risk was associated with the lys(A or *2) allele at the rs671(glu504lys) polymorphism within the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) gene in a...Objective: This study aimed to determine if gastric cardia adenocarcinoma(GCA) risk was associated with the lys(A or *2) allele at the rs671(glu504lys) polymorphism within the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) gene in a Chinese Han population. We also aimed to investigate ALDH2 genotypic distributions between subjects from high- and low-incidence areas for both GCA and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods: We designed a case-control study including 2,686 patients with GCA and 3,675 control subjects from high- and lowincidence areas for both GCA and ESCC in China. Taq Man allele discrimination assay was used to genotype the rs671 polymorphism. χ~2 test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to estimate the odds ratios for the development of GCA,and multivariate ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze ALDH2 genotypic distributions among different groups.Results: Compared with ALDH2*1/*1 homozygotes, ALDH2*1/*2 and ALDH2*2/*2 carriers did not increase the risk for GCA in the Chinese Han population(P>0.05). Interestingly, the ratio of homozygous or heterozygous ALDH2 *2 carriers in highincidence areas for both GCA and ESCC was lower than that in low-incidence areas(P<0.001).Conclusions: Genotypes of rs671 at ALDH2 may not increase GCA susceptibility in Chinese Han populations. In addition, the ALDH2 genotypic distribution differs between Chinese Han populations from high- and low-incidence areas for both GCA and ESCC. Our findings may shed light on the possible genetic mechanism for the dramatic geographic differences of GCA occurrence in China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma(GCA),which has been classified as type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction in western countries,is of similar geographic distribution with esophageal squamous cel...BACKGROUND Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma(GCA),which has been classified as type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction in western countries,is of similar geographic distribution with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China,and even referred as"sister cancer"by Chinese oncologists.The molecular mechanism for GCA is largely unknown.Recent studies have shown that decreased expression of E-cadherin is associated with the invasion and metastasis of multiple cancers.However,the E-cadherin expression has not been well characterized in gastric cardia carcinogenesis and its effect on GCA prognosis.AIM To characterize E-cadherin expression in normal gastric cardia mucosa,dysplasia and GCA tissues,and its influence on prognosis for GCA.METHODS A total of 4561 patients with GCA were enrolled from our previously established GCA and esophageal cancer databases.The enrollment criteria included radical surgery for GCA,but without any radio-or chemo-therapy before operation.The GCA tissue from 4561 patients and matched adjacent normal epithelial tissue(n=208)and dysplasia lesions(n=156)were collected,and processed as tissue microarray for immunohistochemistry.The clinicopathological characteristics were retrieved from the medical records in hospital and follow-up was carried out through letter,telephone or home interview.E-cadherin protein expression was determined by two step immunohistochemistry.Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to correlate E-cadherin protein expression with survival of GCA patients.RESULTS Of the 4561 GCA patients,there were 3607 males with a mean age of 61.6±8.8 and 954 females with a mean age of 61.9±8.6 years,respectively.With the lesions progressed from normal gastric cardia mucosa to dysplasia and GCA,the positive immunostaining rates for E-cadherin decreased significantly from 100%to 93.0%and 84.1%,respectively(R2=0.9948).Furthermore,E-cadherin positive immunostaining rate was significantly higher in patients at early stage(0 and I)than in those at late stage(II and III)(92.7%vs 83.7%,P=0.001).E-cadherin positive expression rate was significantly associated with degree of differentiation(P=0.001)and invasion depth(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that the GCA patients with positive E-cadherin immunostaining had better survival than those with negative(P=0.026).It was noteworthy that E-cadherin positive expression rate was similar in patients with positive and negative lymph node metastasis.However,in patients with negative lymph node metastasis,those with positive expression of E-cadherin had better survival than those with negative expression(P=0.036).Similarly,in patients with late stage GCA,those with positive expression of E-cadherin had better survival than those with negative expression(P=0.011).CONCLUSION E-cadherin expression may be involved in gastric cardia carcinogenesis and low expression of E-cadherin may be a promising early biomarker and overall survival predictor for GCA.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games, and the servicesincluding medical services were widely appreciated by both participants and visitors. Weretrospectively analyzed the quality of the medi...BACKGROUND： Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games, and the servicesincluding medical services were widely appreciated by both participants and visitors. Weretrospectively analyzed the quality of the medical services provided to athletes, spectators, VIPs,and the workforce during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The information thus gathered would beuseful for planning strategies for managing mass gatherings.METHODS： Medical encounter forms filled during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games wereretrospectively reviewed. Descriptive statistics was used to characterize the data by accreditation anddiagnostic categories.RESULTS： A total of 22 892 medical encounters were documented during the Beijing 2008Olympic Games. Among them, 10 549 （46.08%） involved the workforce, 3 365 （14.70%） athletes,3 019 （13.19%） spectators, 585 （2.56%） members of the media, 1 065 （4.65%） VIPs, and 4 309（18.82%） others. Of the 22 892 cases, physical injury accounted for 27.90% （6 386）, respiratorydisease 18.21% （4 169）, and heat-related illnesses 2.68% （615）.CONCLUSIONS： Preparations of the medical service for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Gameswere made for 7 years, and the service provided has been praised worldwide. This study providesvaluable information that may be useful for planning medical services for upcoming Olympic Games,including the London 2012 Olympic Games and other mass gatherings.展开更多
BACKGROUND Preoperative pulmonary function plays an important role in selecting surgical candidates and assessing postoperative complications.Reduced pulmonary function is associated with poor survival in several canc...BACKGROUND Preoperative pulmonary function plays an important role in selecting surgical candidates and assessing postoperative complications.Reduced pulmonary function is associated with poor survival in several cancers,but the prognostic value of preoperative pulmonary function in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is unclear.Nutritional and systemic inflammation parameters are vital to cancer survival,and the combination of these parameters improves the prognostic value.The hemoglobin,albumin,lymphocytes and platelets(HALP)score is a novel prognostic indicator to reflect the nutritional and inflammation status,but the clinical effects of the HALP score combined with maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV),an important parameter of pulmonary function,have not been well studied in ESCC.AIM To investigate the prognostic value of MVV and HALP score for assessing postoperative survival of ESCC patients.METHODS Data form 834 ESCC patients who underwent radical esophagectomy with R0 resection were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Preoperative MVV and HALP data were retrieved from medical archives.The HALP score was calculated by the formula:Hemoglobin(g/L)×albumin(g/L)×lymphocytes(/L)/platelets(/L).The optimal cut-off values of MVV and HALP score were calculated by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to draw the survival curves for the variables tested.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze the independent prognostic factors for overall survival.RESULTS MVV was significantly associated with gender(P<0.001),age at diagnosis(P<0.001),smoking history(P<0.001),drinking history(P<0.001),tumor length(P=0.013),tumor location(P=0.037)and treatment type(P=0.001).The HALP score was notably associated with gender(P<0.001),age at diagnosis(P=0.035),tumor length(P<0.001)and invasion depth(P=0.001).Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that low MVV and low HALP score were associated with worse overall survival(all P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that low MVV and the HALP score were both independent risk factors for overall survival(all P<0.001).The combination of MVV and HALP score improved the prediction performance for overall survival than tumor-node-metastasis.Also,low combination of MVV and HALP score was an independent risk factor for poor overall survival(P<0.001).CONCLUSION MVV,HALP score and their combination are simple and promising clinical markers to predict overall survival of ESCC patients.展开更多
The hot deformation behavior of Mg2B2O5w/Al composite was investigated by compression test at different temperatures and different strain rates. The constitutive equation was established by taking peak stresses as the...The hot deformation behavior of Mg2B2O5w/Al composite was investigated by compression test at different temperatures and different strain rates. The constitutive equation was established by taking peak stresses as the function of temperatures and strain rates. It was found that the hyperbolic sine law creep equation is in good agreement with the experimental results and can be applied to all flow stresses under various deformation conditions. The apparent activation energy of the composite is 138. 64 kJ /mol, which is approximately equal to that of lattice self-diffusion of pure Al.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus(PSCE)is a highly invasive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis compared with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Due to the limited samples size and the short f...BACKGROUND Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus(PSCE)is a highly invasive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis compared with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Due to the limited samples size and the short follow-up time,there are few reports on elucidating the prognosis of PSCE,especially on the establishment and validation of a survival prediction nomogram model covering general information,pathological factors and specific biological proteins of PSCE patients.AIM To establish an effective nomogram to predict the overall survival(OS)probability for PSCE patients in China.METHODS The nomogram was based on a retrospective study of 256 PSCE patients.Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to examine the prognostic factors associated with PSCE,and establish the model for predicting 1-,3-,and 5-year OS based on the Akaike information criterion.Discrimination and validation were assessed by the concordance index(C-index)and calibration curve and decision curve analysis(DCA).Histology type,age,tumor invasion depth,lymph node invasion,detectable metastasis,chromogranin A,and neuronal cell adhesion molecule 56 were integrated into the model.RESULTS The C-index was prognostically superior to the 7th tumor node metastasis(TNM)staging in the primary cohort[0.659(95%CI:0.607-0.712)vs 0.591(95%CI:0.517-0.666),P=0.033]and in the validation cohort[0.700(95%CI:0.622-0.778)vs 0.605(95%CI:0.490-0.721),P=0.041].Good calibration curves were observed for the prediction probabilities of 1-,3-,and 5-year OS in both cohorts.DCA analysis showed that our nomogram model had a higher overall net benefit compared to the 7th TNM staging.CONCLUSION Our nomogram can be used to predict the survival probability of PSCE patients,which can help clinicians to make individualized survival predictions.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015...Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015 using questionnaires was given to 301 family members of hospitalized ESCC patients based in three affiliated hospitals of Zhengzhou University(i.e., The First Hospital, The Second Hospital, and Tumor Hospital) and Anyang Tumor Hospital.Results: Among the 41.9%(126/301) hospitalized ESCC patients who knew of their true diagnoses, only 4.0% patients were informed by their corresponding responsible doctors, 39.7% by their family members, and 56.3% by themselves. Univariate analyses showed that disclosure of confirmed ESCC diagnosis to patients was correlated with gender, family history of cancer(FHC), education level, vocation, hospital administrative level, and attitudes of family members(P < 0.05). Furthermore,multivariate analysis indicated that attitude of family members was the most important and an independent factor for diagnosis disclosure. Those patients with a negative FHC, under-education, manual occupation, advanced stages, and hospitalized in municipal hospitals exhibited a low rate of truth telling.Conclusions: Truth telling for ESCC patients in Henan is not prevalent and may be improved through consultation with family members, particularly for patients with a negative FHC, poor education, manual occupation, and advanced stages.展开更多
Background: Previous studies have emphasized the need to reduce tacrolimus(TAC) trough levels in the early post-liver transplantation(LT) period. However, whether late-period TAC trough levels influence the long-term ...Background: Previous studies have emphasized the need to reduce tacrolimus(TAC) trough levels in the early post-liver transplantation(LT) period. However, whether late-period TAC trough levels influence the long-term outcomes of liver recipients is not clear.Methods: We enrolled 155 adult liver recipients survived more than 3 years after living donor liver transplantation because of non-malignant liver diseases. The maintenance immunosuppressive regimens were TAC monotherapy and combined therapy with mycophenolate mofetil. Patients were divided into three groups according to their late-period TAC trough levels: < 3 ng/m L group, 3–5 ng/m L group, and>5 ng/m L group. The complications and adverse effects of TAC were analyzed.Results: Each group showed similar rejection, graft loss and mortality. Patients achieved the < 5 ng/m L state in less than 4 years had fewer new-onset diabetes, hyperlipidemia, de novo malignancies, and hepatitis B virus recurrence; the complications of renal dysfunction and hypertension rates were the same among these 3 groups.Conclusions: Collectively, our findings indicated that lower TAC trough levels in the late period of liver transplantation are safe, improve the long-term outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND In China,it has been well recognized that some female patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)have different overall survival(OS)time,even with the same tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage,challen...BACKGROUND In China,it has been well recognized that some female patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)have different overall survival(OS)time,even with the same tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage,challenging the prognostic value of the TNM system alone.An effective predictive model is needed to accurately evaluate the prognosis of female ESCC patients.AIM To construct a novel prognostic model with clinical and reproductive data for Chinese female patients with ESCC,and to assess the incremental prognostic value of the full model compared with the clinical model and TNM stage.METHODS A new prognostic nomogram incorporating clinical and reproductive features was constructed based on univariatie and Cox proportional hazards survival analysis from a training cohort(n=175).The results were recognized using the internal(n=111)and independent external(n=85)validation cohorts.The capability of the clinical–reproductive model was evaluated by Harrell’s concordance index(C-index),Kaplan–Meier curve,time-dependent receiver operating characteristic(ROC),calibration curve and decision curve analysis.The correlations between estrogen response and immune-related pathways and some gene markers of immune cells were analyzed using the TIMER 2.0 database.RESULTS A clinical–reproductive model including incidence area,age,tumor differentiation,lymph node metastasis(N)stage,estrogen receptor alpha(ESR1)and beta(ESR2)expression,menopausal age,and pregnancy number was constructed to predict OS in female ESCC patients.Compared to the clinical model and TNM stage,the time-dependent ROC and C-index of the clinical–reproductive model showed a good discriminative ability for predicting 1-,3-,and 5-years OS in the primary training,internal and external validation sets.Based on the optimal cut-off value of total prognostic scores,patients were classified into high-and low-risk groups with significantly different OS.The estrogen response was significantly associated with p53 and apoptosis pathways in esophageal cancer.CONCLUSION The clinical–reproductive prognostic nomogram has an incremental prognostic value compared with the clinical model and TNM stage in predicting OS in Chinese female ESCC patients.展开更多
DEAR EDITOR,Using Oxford Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technology,we successfully assembled a chromosome-level genome of the Tibetan fox(Vulpes ferrilata),with a total size of 2.38 Gb and N50 length of 133960477 bp.The...DEAR EDITOR,Using Oxford Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technology,we successfully assembled a chromosome-level genome of the Tibetan fox(Vulpes ferrilata),with a total size of 2.38 Gb and N50 length of 133960477 bp.The 157 contigs were further assembled into 18 chromosomes with a sequence length of2378.42 Mb,accounting for 99.95%of the total length.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus(PMME) is a rare malignant disease and has not been well characterized in terms of clinicopathology and survival.AIM To investigate the clinical features and survi...BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus(PMME) is a rare malignant disease and has not been well characterized in terms of clinicopathology and survival.AIM To investigate the clinical features and survival factors in Chinese patients with PMME.METHODS The clinicopathological findings of ten cases with PMME treated at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital were summarized. Moreover, the English-and Chinese-language literature that focused on Chinese patients with PMME from 1980 to September 2021 was reviewed and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to investigate the clinicopathologic factors that might be associated with survival.RESULTS A total of 290 Chinese patients with PMME, including ten from our hospital and 280 from the literature were enrolled in the present study. Only about half of the patients(55.8%) were accurately diagnosed before surgery. Additionally, 91.1% of the patients received esophagectomy, and 88 patients(36.5%) received adjuvant therapy after surgery. The frequency of lymph node metastasis(LNM) was 51.2%(107/209), and LNM had a positive rate of 45.3% even when the tumor was confined to the submucosal layer. The risk of LNM increased significantly with the p T stage [P < 0.001, odds ratio(OR): 2.47, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.72-3.56] and larger tumor size(P = 0.006, OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.05-1.38). The median overall survival(OS) was 11.0 mo(range: 1-204 mo). The multivariate Cox analysis showed both the p T stage [P = 0.005, hazard ratio(HR): 1.70, 95%CI: 1.17-2.47] and LNM(P = 0.009, HR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.15-2.74) were independent prognostic factors for OS. The median disease-free survival(DFS) was 5.3 mo(range: 0.8-114.1 mo). The multivariate analysis indicated that only the advanced p T stage(P = 0.02, HR: 1.93, 95%CI: 1.09-3.42) was a significant independent indicator of poor RFS in patients with PMME.CONCLUSION The correct diagnosis of PMME before surgery is low, and physicians should pay more attention to avoid a misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Extended lymph node dissection should be emphasized in surgery for PMME even though the tumor is confined to the submucosal layer. Both the LNM and p T stage are independent prognosis factors for OS, and the p T stage is the prognosis factor for DFS in patients with PMME.展开更多
Four kinds of P110grade tube steels containing different chromium contents were designed to probe the influence of Cr on the properties of tube steel.The microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of ...Four kinds of P110grade tube steels containing different chromium contents were designed to probe the influence of Cr on the properties of tube steel.The microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the four kinds of P110grade tube steels were studied deeply and thoroughly.The analysis of the mechanical properties indicated that tensile strength and yield strength of the steel plates were improved,while transverse and longitudinal impact energy and elongation first increased and then decreased when Cr content rose.The impact energy and elongation reached the peak when Cr content was 1%.Cr precipitates were found only in 3% Cr steel,with(Nb,Ti)(C, N)or Nb(C,N)as the core of precipitation and then grew up.The corrosion experiments demonstrated that the scales on the four steels had a two-layer structure under the corrosion of CO2 and H2 S.The outer layer was mainly composed of FeS or FeS1-x and the inner layer consisted of FeCO3 and Cr compounds.Cr was rich in the inner layer and the Cr content of the inner layer increased with the Cr content in matrix.The enriched Cr enhanced the compactness of the scales,further hindering the diffusion of ions from liquid to the surface of steel,thus reducing corrosion rate.展开更多
Objective: Biomarker assay is a noninvasive method for the early detection of esophageal squamous cellcarcinoma (ESCC). Searching for new biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity is very important for the earl...Objective: Biomarker assay is a noninvasive method for the early detection of esophageal squamous cellcarcinoma (ESCC). Searching for new biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity is very important for the earlydetection of ESCC. Serum surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS) is a high throughput technology for identifying cancer biomarkers using drops of sera. Methods: Inthis study, 185 serum samples were taken from ESCC patients in a high incidence area and screened by SELDI. Asupport vector machine (SVM) algorithm was adopted to analyze the samples. Results: The SVM patterns success-fully distinguished ESCC from pre-cancerous lesions (PCLs). Also, types of PCL, including dysplasia (DYS) and basalcell hyperplasia (BCH), and healthy controls (HC) were distinguished with an accuracy of 95.2% (DYS), 96.6% (BCH),and 93.8% (HC), respectively. A marker of 25.1 kDa was identified in the ESCC patterns whose peak intensity wasobserved to increase significantly during the development of esophageal carcinogenesis, and to decrease obviously after surgery. Conclusions: We selected five ESCC biomarkers to form a diagnostic pattern which can discriminateamong the different stages of esophageal carcinogenesis. This pattern can significantly improve the detection ofESCC.展开更多
In order to investigate the CO2 corrosion behavior and the grooving corrosion susceptibility of electric resistance welded tubes of the Q125 grade,the high temperature and high pressure autoclave was employed to condu...In order to investigate the CO2 corrosion behavior and the grooving corrosion susceptibility of electric resistance welded tubes of the Q125 grade,the high temperature and high pressure autoclave was employed to conduct CO2 corrosion experiments for the welded joint.The mechanisms of grooving corrosion and the factors influencing grooving corrosion susceptibility were identified by electrochemical measurement,microstructure observation,residual stress examination,micro-region composition and orientation analysis.The CO2 corrosion results show that the corrosion resistance of the base material is the best,followed by heataffected zone and the welded seam is the worst.The grooving corrosion occurred in the welded seam,and the grooving corrosion susceptibility of welded seam is relativity high.The dominated reason for the grooving corrosion of the electric resistance welded joint is the notable inclusions consisting of Mn S as the main content in the welded seam.The proportion of high-angle grain boundaries in the welding zone is higher than that of base metal and the heat affected zone,which plays an important role in the corrosion behavior of the welded seam.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Outstanding Young Scientist Award of China, No. 30025016State Key Project for Basic Research, No. G1998051206Foundation of Henan Education Committee 1999125 the US NIH Grant, No. CA65871
文摘AIM: To characterize the histochemical type and pattern of intestinal metaplasia (IM) adjacent to gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) and distal gastric cancer (GC) in Linzhou, Henan Province, China.METHODS: Alcian-blue-periodic acid Schiff and high iron diamine-Alcian blue histochemical methods were performed on 142 cases of IM, including 49 cases of GCA and 93 cases of GC. All the patients were from Linzhou, Henan Province, China, the highest incidence area for both GCA and squamous cell carcinoma. Radio- or chemotherapy was not applied to these patients before surgery.RESULTS: The detection rate of IM in tissues adjacent to GCA tissues was 44.9%, which was significantly lower than that in GC tissues (80.64%, P<0.01). The rates of both incomplete small intestinal and colonic IM types identified by histochemistry in GCA tissues (31.82% and 63.64%, respectively) were significantly higher than those in GC (5.33% and 21.33%, respectively, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: IM in GCA and GC should be considered as a separate entity. Further research is needed to evaluate whether neoplastic progression of IM is related to its mucin profile in GCA.
基金Supported by The National Outstanding Young Scientist Award of China, No. 30025016State Key Project for Basic Research, No. 30670956the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China, No. 0511043200
文摘AIM:To evaluate the effects and safety of combination chemotherapy with oxaliplatin (L-OHP) and S-1 (SOX regimen) in older patients with advanced gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA). METHODS: Seventy patients with advanced GCA were classified according to age into an older group (≥ 75 years) and a control group (< 75 years). The SOX regimen was administered to the two groups as follows: S-1 (40 mg/m2 po bid) on days 1 to 14 followed by a 7-d off period, plus L-OHP (65 mg/m2 iv) for 2 h on days 1 and 8 of a 21-d cycle. This regimen was repeat-ed for four to six cycles. Response and swallow statuses were evaluated after two cycles (6 wk). Effects and toxicity were evaluated four weeks after chemotherapy was completed. RESULTS: The response rate was 65.6% (21/32) in the older group and 68.4% (26/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.062 and P = 0.804). Improvement in swallowing was 78.1% (25/32) in the older group and 76.3% (29/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.032 and P = 0.857). Effi cacy was 68.8% (22/32) in the older group and 65.8% (25/38) in the control group (χ2 = 0.069 and P = 0.793). Toxicities were reversible and similar in both groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The SOX regimen is an effective, safe and well-tolerated regimen for older patients with advanced GCA.
基金Supported by The Science and Technology Fund of Henan Health Department, No. 2007-026
文摘AIM: To characterize cytogenetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its metastasis. METHODS: A total of 37 cases of primary ESCC and 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastatic lymph nodes cases were enrolled from Linzhou, the high incidence area for ESCC in Henan, northern China. The comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was applied to determine the chromosomal aberrations on the DNA extracted from the frozen ESCC and metastatic lymph node samples from these patients. RESULTS: CGH showed chromosomal aberrations in all the cases. In 37 cases of primary ESCC, chromosomal profile of DNA copy number was characterized by frequently detected gains at 8q (29/37, 78%), 3q (24/37, 65%), 5p (19/37, 51%); and frequently detected losses at 3p (21/37, 57%), 8p and 9q (14/37, 38%). In 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastatic lymph node cases, the majority of the chromosomal aberrations in both primary tumor and metastatic lymph node lesions were consistent with the primary ESCC cases, but new candidate regions of interest were also detected. The most significant finding is the gains of chromosome 6p with a minimum high-level amplification region at 6p12-6q12 in 7 metastatic lymph nodes butonly in 2 corresponding primary tumors (P = 0.05) and 20p with a minimum high-level amplification region at 20p12 in 11 metastatic lymph nodes but only in 5 corresponding primary tumors (P < 0.05). Another interesting finding is the loss of chromosome 10p and 10q in 8 and 7 metastatic lymph nodes but only in 2 corresponding primary tumors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Using the CGH technique to detect chromosomal aberrations in both the primary tumor and its metastatic lymph nodes of ESCC, gains of 8q, 3q and 5p and loss of 3p, 8p, 9q and 13q were specifically implicated in ESCC in Linzhou population. Gains of 6p and 20p and loss of 10pq may contribute to the lymph node metastasis of ESCC. These findings suggest that the gains and losses of chromosomal regions may contain ESCC-related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and provide important theoretic information for identifying and cloning novel ESCC-related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD), genetic polymorphism Lys751Gln and esophageal cancer risk. METHODS: We searched PubMed up to September 1, 2010 to identify eligible studies. A total of 10 casecontrol studies including 2288 cases and 4096 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manage version 4.2. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association.RESULTS: The results suggested that there is no significant association between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer susceptibility in the overall population. However, in subgroup analysis by histology type, a significant association was found between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal adenocarcinoma (for CC vs AA: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.55, P = 0.05 for heterogeneity). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggested that XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Guangdong Provincial People’s Government of the Joint Natural Science Fund,U1301227Major Project of Science and Technology of Henan Province,161100311300
文摘AIM To understand the molecular mechanism of esophageal cancer development and provide molecular markers for screening high-risk populations and early diagnosis. METHODS Two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry were adopted to screen differentially expressed proteins in nine cases of fetal esophageal epithelium, eight cases of esophageal cancer, and eight cases of tumor-adjacent normal esophageal epithelium collected from fetuses of different gestational age, or esophageal cancer patients from a high-risk area of esophageal cancer in China. Immunohistochemistry(avidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase complex method) was used to detect the expression of peroxiredoxin(PRX)6 in 91 cases of esophageal cancer, tumoradjacent normal esophageal tissue, basal cell hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ, as well as 65 cases of esophageal epithelium from fetuses at a gestational age of 3-9 mo.RESULTS After peptide mass fingerprint analysis and search of protein databases, 21 differential proteins were identified; some of which represent a protein isoform. Varying degrees of expression of PRX6 protein, which was localized mainly in the cytoplasm, were detected in adult and fetal normal esophageal tissues, precancerous lesions, and esophageal cancer. With the progression of esophageal lesions, PRX6 protein expression showed a declining trend(P < 0.05). In fetal epithelium from fetuses at gestational age 3-6 mo, PRX6 protein expression showed a declining trend with age(P < 0.05). PRX6 protein expression was significantly higher in well-differentiated esophageal cancer tissues than in poorly differentiated esophageal cancer tissues(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Development and progression of esophageal cancer result from interactions of genetic changes(accumulation or superposition). PRX6 protein is associated with fetal esophageal development and cancer differentiation.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81472323)Top Talent Support Project of Zhengzhou University(Grant No.ZDGD 13001)Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province(Grant No.3047)
文摘Objective: This study aimed to determine if gastric cardia adenocarcinoma(GCA) risk was associated with the lys(A or *2) allele at the rs671(glu504lys) polymorphism within the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) gene in a Chinese Han population. We also aimed to investigate ALDH2 genotypic distributions between subjects from high- and low-incidence areas for both GCA and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods: We designed a case-control study including 2,686 patients with GCA and 3,675 control subjects from high- and lowincidence areas for both GCA and ESCC in China. Taq Man allele discrimination assay was used to genotype the rs671 polymorphism. χ~2 test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to estimate the odds ratios for the development of GCA,and multivariate ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze ALDH2 genotypic distributions among different groups.Results: Compared with ALDH2*1/*1 homozygotes, ALDH2*1/*2 and ALDH2*2/*2 carriers did not increase the risk for GCA in the Chinese Han population(P>0.05). Interestingly, the ratio of homozygous or heterozygous ALDH2 *2 carriers in highincidence areas for both GCA and ESCC was lower than that in low-incidence areas(P<0.001).Conclusions: Genotypes of rs671 at ALDH2 may not increase GCA susceptibility in Chinese Han populations. In addition, the ALDH2 genotypic distribution differs between Chinese Han populations from high- and low-incidence areas for both GCA and ESCC. Our findings may shed light on the possible genetic mechanism for the dramatic geographic differences of GCA occurrence in China.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81872032No.U1804262National Key R&D Program of China,No.2016YFC0901403.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma(GCA),which has been classified as type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction in western countries,is of similar geographic distribution with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China,and even referred as"sister cancer"by Chinese oncologists.The molecular mechanism for GCA is largely unknown.Recent studies have shown that decreased expression of E-cadherin is associated with the invasion and metastasis of multiple cancers.However,the E-cadherin expression has not been well characterized in gastric cardia carcinogenesis and its effect on GCA prognosis.AIM To characterize E-cadherin expression in normal gastric cardia mucosa,dysplasia and GCA tissues,and its influence on prognosis for GCA.METHODS A total of 4561 patients with GCA were enrolled from our previously established GCA and esophageal cancer databases.The enrollment criteria included radical surgery for GCA,but without any radio-or chemo-therapy before operation.The GCA tissue from 4561 patients and matched adjacent normal epithelial tissue(n=208)and dysplasia lesions(n=156)were collected,and processed as tissue microarray for immunohistochemistry.The clinicopathological characteristics were retrieved from the medical records in hospital and follow-up was carried out through letter,telephone or home interview.E-cadherin protein expression was determined by two step immunohistochemistry.Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to correlate E-cadherin protein expression with survival of GCA patients.RESULTS Of the 4561 GCA patients,there were 3607 males with a mean age of 61.6±8.8 and 954 females with a mean age of 61.9±8.6 years,respectively.With the lesions progressed from normal gastric cardia mucosa to dysplasia and GCA,the positive immunostaining rates for E-cadherin decreased significantly from 100%to 93.0%and 84.1%,respectively(R2=0.9948).Furthermore,E-cadherin positive immunostaining rate was significantly higher in patients at early stage(0 and I)than in those at late stage(II and III)(92.7%vs 83.7%,P=0.001).E-cadherin positive expression rate was significantly associated with degree of differentiation(P=0.001)and invasion depth(P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that the GCA patients with positive E-cadherin immunostaining had better survival than those with negative(P=0.026).It was noteworthy that E-cadherin positive expression rate was similar in patients with positive and negative lymph node metastasis.However,in patients with negative lymph node metastasis,those with positive expression of E-cadherin had better survival than those with negative expression(P=0.036).Similarly,in patients with late stage GCA,those with positive expression of E-cadherin had better survival than those with negative expression(P=0.011).CONCLUSION E-cadherin expression may be involved in gastric cardia carcinogenesis and low expression of E-cadherin may be a promising early biomarker and overall survival predictor for GCA.
文摘BACKGROUND： Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games, and the servicesincluding medical services were widely appreciated by both participants and visitors. Weretrospectively analyzed the quality of the medical services provided to athletes, spectators, VIPs,and the workforce during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The information thus gathered would beuseful for planning strategies for managing mass gatherings.METHODS： Medical encounter forms filled during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games wereretrospectively reviewed. Descriptive statistics was used to characterize the data by accreditation anddiagnostic categories.RESULTS： A total of 22 892 medical encounters were documented during the Beijing 2008Olympic Games. Among them, 10 549 （46.08%） involved the workforce, 3 365 （14.70%） athletes,3 019 （13.19%） spectators, 585 （2.56%） members of the media, 1 065 （4.65%） VIPs, and 4 309（18.82%） others. Of the 22 892 cases, physical injury accounted for 27.90% （6 386）, respiratorydisease 18.21% （4 169）, and heat-related illnesses 2.68% （615）.CONCLUSIONS： Preparations of the medical service for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Gameswere made for 7 years, and the service provided has been praised worldwide. This study providesvaluable information that may be useful for planning medical services for upcoming Olympic Games,including the London 2012 Olympic Games and other mass gatherings.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U1301227,No.81872032 and No.U1804262Doctoral Team Foundation of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,No.2016-BSTDJJ-03.
文摘BACKGROUND Preoperative pulmonary function plays an important role in selecting surgical candidates and assessing postoperative complications.Reduced pulmonary function is associated with poor survival in several cancers,but the prognostic value of preoperative pulmonary function in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is unclear.Nutritional and systemic inflammation parameters are vital to cancer survival,and the combination of these parameters improves the prognostic value.The hemoglobin,albumin,lymphocytes and platelets(HALP)score is a novel prognostic indicator to reflect the nutritional and inflammation status,but the clinical effects of the HALP score combined with maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV),an important parameter of pulmonary function,have not been well studied in ESCC.AIM To investigate the prognostic value of MVV and HALP score for assessing postoperative survival of ESCC patients.METHODS Data form 834 ESCC patients who underwent radical esophagectomy with R0 resection were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Preoperative MVV and HALP data were retrieved from medical archives.The HALP score was calculated by the formula:Hemoglobin(g/L)×albumin(g/L)×lymphocytes(/L)/platelets(/L).The optimal cut-off values of MVV and HALP score were calculated by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to draw the survival curves for the variables tested.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze the independent prognostic factors for overall survival.RESULTS MVV was significantly associated with gender(P<0.001),age at diagnosis(P<0.001),smoking history(P<0.001),drinking history(P<0.001),tumor length(P=0.013),tumor location(P=0.037)and treatment type(P=0.001).The HALP score was notably associated with gender(P<0.001),age at diagnosis(P=0.035),tumor length(P<0.001)and invasion depth(P=0.001).Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that low MVV and low HALP score were associated with worse overall survival(all P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that low MVV and the HALP score were both independent risk factors for overall survival(all P<0.001).The combination of MVV and HALP score improved the prediction performance for overall survival than tumor-node-metastasis.Also,low combination of MVV and HALP score was an independent risk factor for poor overall survival(P<0.001).CONCLUSION MVV,HALP score and their combination are simple and promising clinical markers to predict overall survival of ESCC patients.
文摘The hot deformation behavior of Mg2B2O5w/Al composite was investigated by compression test at different temperatures and different strain rates. The constitutive equation was established by taking peak stresses as the function of temperatures and strain rates. It was found that the hyperbolic sine law creep equation is in good agreement with the experimental results and can be applied to all flow stresses under various deformation conditions. The apparent activation energy of the composite is 138. 64 kJ /mol, which is approximately equal to that of lattice self-diffusion of pure Al.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81872032 and No.U1804262the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2016YFC0901403+1 种基金the High-Tech Key Projects of High School of Henan Province,No.20B320011the High-Tech Key Projects of Science and Technology of Henan Province Government,No.202102310366.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus(PSCE)is a highly invasive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis compared with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Due to the limited samples size and the short follow-up time,there are few reports on elucidating the prognosis of PSCE,especially on the establishment and validation of a survival prediction nomogram model covering general information,pathological factors and specific biological proteins of PSCE patients.AIM To establish an effective nomogram to predict the overall survival(OS)probability for PSCE patients in China.METHODS The nomogram was based on a retrospective study of 256 PSCE patients.Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to examine the prognostic factors associated with PSCE,and establish the model for predicting 1-,3-,and 5-year OS based on the Akaike information criterion.Discrimination and validation were assessed by the concordance index(C-index)and calibration curve and decision curve analysis(DCA).Histology type,age,tumor invasion depth,lymph node invasion,detectable metastasis,chromogranin A,and neuronal cell adhesion molecule 56 were integrated into the model.RESULTS The C-index was prognostically superior to the 7th tumor node metastasis(TNM)staging in the primary cohort[0.659(95%CI:0.607-0.712)vs 0.591(95%CI:0.517-0.666),P=0.033]and in the validation cohort[0.700(95%CI:0.622-0.778)vs 0.605(95%CI:0.490-0.721),P=0.041].Good calibration curves were observed for the prediction probabilities of 1-,3-,and 5-year OS in both cohorts.DCA analysis showed that our nomogram model had a higher overall net benefit compared to the 7th TNM staging.CONCLUSION Our nomogram can be used to predict the survival probability of PSCE patients,which can help clinicians to make individualized survival predictions.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81472323)Top Talent Support Project of Zhengzhou University(Grant No.ZDGD13001)Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province,China(Grant No.3047)
文摘Objective: This study aims to investigate the truth-telling status and the relevant factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients in Henan, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2015 using questionnaires was given to 301 family members of hospitalized ESCC patients based in three affiliated hospitals of Zhengzhou University(i.e., The First Hospital, The Second Hospital, and Tumor Hospital) and Anyang Tumor Hospital.Results: Among the 41.9%(126/301) hospitalized ESCC patients who knew of their true diagnoses, only 4.0% patients were informed by their corresponding responsible doctors, 39.7% by their family members, and 56.3% by themselves. Univariate analyses showed that disclosure of confirmed ESCC diagnosis to patients was correlated with gender, family history of cancer(FHC), education level, vocation, hospital administrative level, and attitudes of family members(P < 0.05). Furthermore,multivariate analysis indicated that attitude of family members was the most important and an independent factor for diagnosis disclosure. Those patients with a negative FHC, under-education, manual occupation, advanced stages, and hospitalized in municipal hospitals exhibited a low rate of truth telling.Conclusions: Truth telling for ESCC patients in Henan is not prevalent and may be improved through consultation with family members, particularly for patients with a negative FHC, poor education, manual occupation, and advanced stages.
基金supported by grants from Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LQ15H030003 and LY18H030002)the Public Welfare Project of Zhejiang Province(2016C37025)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2017FZA7009)
文摘Background: Previous studies have emphasized the need to reduce tacrolimus(TAC) trough levels in the early post-liver transplantation(LT) period. However, whether late-period TAC trough levels influence the long-term outcomes of liver recipients is not clear.Methods: We enrolled 155 adult liver recipients survived more than 3 years after living donor liver transplantation because of non-malignant liver diseases. The maintenance immunosuppressive regimens were TAC monotherapy and combined therapy with mycophenolate mofetil. Patients were divided into three groups according to their late-period TAC trough levels: < 3 ng/m L group, 3–5 ng/m L group, and>5 ng/m L group. The complications and adverse effects of TAC were analyzed.Results: Each group showed similar rejection, graft loss and mortality. Patients achieved the < 5 ng/m L state in less than 4 years had fewer new-onset diabetes, hyperlipidemia, de novo malignancies, and hepatitis B virus recurrence; the complications of renal dysfunction and hypertension rates were the same among these 3 groups.Conclusions: Collectively, our findings indicated that lower TAC trough levels in the late period of liver transplantation are safe, improve the long-term outcomes.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81872032 and No.U1804262National Key R&D Program of China,No.2016YFC0901403+1 种基金High-Tech Key Projects of High School of Henan Province,No.20B320011High-Tech Key Projects of Science and Technology of Henan Province Government,No.202102310366。
文摘BACKGROUND In China,it has been well recognized that some female patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)have different overall survival(OS)time,even with the same tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage,challenging the prognostic value of the TNM system alone.An effective predictive model is needed to accurately evaluate the prognosis of female ESCC patients.AIM To construct a novel prognostic model with clinical and reproductive data for Chinese female patients with ESCC,and to assess the incremental prognostic value of the full model compared with the clinical model and TNM stage.METHODS A new prognostic nomogram incorporating clinical and reproductive features was constructed based on univariatie and Cox proportional hazards survival analysis from a training cohort(n=175).The results were recognized using the internal(n=111)and independent external(n=85)validation cohorts.The capability of the clinical–reproductive model was evaluated by Harrell’s concordance index(C-index),Kaplan–Meier curve,time-dependent receiver operating characteristic(ROC),calibration curve and decision curve analysis.The correlations between estrogen response and immune-related pathways and some gene markers of immune cells were analyzed using the TIMER 2.0 database.RESULTS A clinical–reproductive model including incidence area,age,tumor differentiation,lymph node metastasis(N)stage,estrogen receptor alpha(ESR1)and beta(ESR2)expression,menopausal age,and pregnancy number was constructed to predict OS in female ESCC patients.Compared to the clinical model and TNM stage,the time-dependent ROC and C-index of the clinical–reproductive model showed a good discriminative ability for predicting 1-,3-,and 5-years OS in the primary training,internal and external validation sets.Based on the optimal cut-off value of total prognostic scores,patients were classified into high-and low-risk groups with significantly different OS.The estrogen response was significantly associated with p53 and apoptosis pathways in esophageal cancer.CONCLUSION The clinical–reproductive prognostic nomogram has an incremental prognostic value compared with the clinical model and TNM stage in predicting OS in Chinese female ESCC patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872242,32070405)。
文摘DEAR EDITOR,Using Oxford Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technology,we successfully assembled a chromosome-level genome of the Tibetan fox(Vulpes ferrilata),with a total size of 2.38 Gb and N50 length of 133960477 bp.The 157 contigs were further assembled into 18 chromosomes with a sequence length of2378.42 Mb,accounting for 99.95%of the total length.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus(PMME) is a rare malignant disease and has not been well characterized in terms of clinicopathology and survival.AIM To investigate the clinical features and survival factors in Chinese patients with PMME.METHODS The clinicopathological findings of ten cases with PMME treated at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital were summarized. Moreover, the English-and Chinese-language literature that focused on Chinese patients with PMME from 1980 to September 2021 was reviewed and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to investigate the clinicopathologic factors that might be associated with survival.RESULTS A total of 290 Chinese patients with PMME, including ten from our hospital and 280 from the literature were enrolled in the present study. Only about half of the patients(55.8%) were accurately diagnosed before surgery. Additionally, 91.1% of the patients received esophagectomy, and 88 patients(36.5%) received adjuvant therapy after surgery. The frequency of lymph node metastasis(LNM) was 51.2%(107/209), and LNM had a positive rate of 45.3% even when the tumor was confined to the submucosal layer. The risk of LNM increased significantly with the p T stage [P < 0.001, odds ratio(OR): 2.47, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.72-3.56] and larger tumor size(P = 0.006, OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.05-1.38). The median overall survival(OS) was 11.0 mo(range: 1-204 mo). The multivariate Cox analysis showed both the p T stage [P = 0.005, hazard ratio(HR): 1.70, 95%CI: 1.17-2.47] and LNM(P = 0.009, HR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.15-2.74) were independent prognostic factors for OS. The median disease-free survival(DFS) was 5.3 mo(range: 0.8-114.1 mo). The multivariate analysis indicated that only the advanced p T stage(P = 0.02, HR: 1.93, 95%CI: 1.09-3.42) was a significant independent indicator of poor RFS in patients with PMME.CONCLUSION The correct diagnosis of PMME before surgery is low, and physicians should pay more attention to avoid a misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Extended lymph node dissection should be emphasized in surgery for PMME even though the tumor is confined to the submucosal layer. Both the LNM and p T stage are independent prognosis factors for OS, and the p T stage is the prognosis factor for DFS in patients with PMME.
基金Item Sponsored by National High-Tech Research and Development Program(863Program)of China(2012AA03A508)
文摘Four kinds of P110grade tube steels containing different chromium contents were designed to probe the influence of Cr on the properties of tube steel.The microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the four kinds of P110grade tube steels were studied deeply and thoroughly.The analysis of the mechanical properties indicated that tensile strength and yield strength of the steel plates were improved,while transverse and longitudinal impact energy and elongation first increased and then decreased when Cr content rose.The impact energy and elongation reached the peak when Cr content was 1%.Cr precipitates were found only in 3% Cr steel,with(Nb,Ti)(C, N)or Nb(C,N)as the core of precipitation and then grew up.The corrosion experiments demonstrated that the scales on the four steels had a two-layer structure under the corrosion of CO2 and H2 S.The outer layer was mainly composed of FeS or FeS1-x and the inner layer consisted of FeCO3 and Cr compounds.Cr was rich in the inner layer and the Cr content of the inner layer increased with the Cr content in matrix.The enriched Cr enhanced the compactness of the scales,further hindering the diffusion of ions from liquid to the surface of steel,thus reducing corrosion rate.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30901731)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2012FZA7004), China
文摘Objective: Biomarker assay is a noninvasive method for the early detection of esophageal squamous cellcarcinoma (ESCC). Searching for new biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity is very important for the earlydetection of ESCC. Serum surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS) is a high throughput technology for identifying cancer biomarkers using drops of sera. Methods: Inthis study, 185 serum samples were taken from ESCC patients in a high incidence area and screened by SELDI. Asupport vector machine (SVM) algorithm was adopted to analyze the samples. Results: The SVM patterns success-fully distinguished ESCC from pre-cancerous lesions (PCLs). Also, types of PCL, including dysplasia (DYS) and basalcell hyperplasia (BCH), and healthy controls (HC) were distinguished with an accuracy of 95.2% (DYS), 96.6% (BCH),and 93.8% (HC), respectively. A marker of 25.1 kDa was identified in the ESCC patterns whose peak intensity wasobserved to increase significantly during the development of esophageal carcinogenesis, and to decrease obviously after surgery. Conclusions: We selected five ESCC biomarkers to form a diagnostic pattern which can discriminateamong the different stages of esophageal carcinogenesis. This pattern can significantly improve the detection ofESCC.
文摘In order to investigate the CO2 corrosion behavior and the grooving corrosion susceptibility of electric resistance welded tubes of the Q125 grade,the high temperature and high pressure autoclave was employed to conduct CO2 corrosion experiments for the welded joint.The mechanisms of grooving corrosion and the factors influencing grooving corrosion susceptibility were identified by electrochemical measurement,microstructure observation,residual stress examination,micro-region composition and orientation analysis.The CO2 corrosion results show that the corrosion resistance of the base material is the best,followed by heataffected zone and the welded seam is the worst.The grooving corrosion occurred in the welded seam,and the grooving corrosion susceptibility of welded seam is relativity high.The dominated reason for the grooving corrosion of the electric resistance welded joint is the notable inclusions consisting of Mn S as the main content in the welded seam.The proportion of high-angle grain boundaries in the welding zone is higher than that of base metal and the heat affected zone,which plays an important role in the corrosion behavior of the welded seam.
