AIM:To investigate the morphological characteristics of retinal vessels in patients with different severity of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and in patients with or without diabetic macular edema(DME).METHODS:The 239 eyes o...AIM:To investigate the morphological characteristics of retinal vessels in patients with different severity of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and in patients with or without diabetic macular edema(DME).METHODS:The 239 eyes of DR patients and 100 eyes of healthy individuals were recruited for the study.The severity of DR patients was graded as mild,moderate and severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)according to the international clinical diabetic retinopathy(ICDR)disease severity scale classification,and retinal vascular morphology was quantitatively analyzed in ultra-wide field images using RU-net and transfer learning methods.The presence of DME was determined by optical coherence tomography(OCT),and differences in vascular morphological characteristics were compared between patients with and without DME.RESULTS:Retinal vessel segmentation using RU-net and transfer learning system had an accuracy of 99%and a Dice metric of 0.76.Compared with the healthy group,the DR group had smaller vessel angles(33.68±3.01 vs 37.78±1.60),smaller fractal dimension(Df)values(1.33±0.05 vs 1.41±0.03),less vessel density(1.12±0.44 vs 2.09±0.36)and fewer vascular branches(206.1±88.8 vs 396.5±91.3),all P<0.001.As the severity of DR increased,Df values decreased,P=0.031.No significant difference between the DME and non-DME groups were observed in vascular morphological characteristics.CONCLUSION:In this study,an artificial intelligence retinal vessel segmentation system is used with 99%accuracy,thus providing with relatively satisfactory performance in the evaluation of quantitative vascular morphology.DR patients have a tendency of vascular occlusion and dropout.The presence of DME does not compromise the integral retinal vascular pattern.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate scleral buckling(SB)surgery using a noncontact wide-field viewing system and 23-gauge intraocular illumination for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in silicone oil(SO)-filled eyes.MET...AIM:To evaluate scleral buckling(SB)surgery using a noncontact wide-field viewing system and 23-gauge intraocular illumination for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in silicone oil(SO)-filled eyes.METHODS:Totally 9 patients(9 eyes)with retinal detachment in SO-filled eyes were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent non-contact wide-field viewing system-assisted buckling surgery with 23-gauge intraocular illumination.SO was removed at an appropriate time based on recovery.The patients were followed up for at least 3mo after SO removal.Retinal reattachment,complications,visual acuity and intraocular pressure(IOP)before and after surgery were observed.RESULTS:Patients were followed up for a mean of 8.22mo(3-22mo)after SO removal.All patients had retinal reattachment.At the final follow-up,visual acuity showed improvement for 8 patients,and no change for 1 patient.The IOP was high in 3 patients before surgery,but it stabilized after treatment;it was not affected in the other patients.None of the patients had infections,hemorrhage,anterior ischemia,or any other complication.CONCLUSION:This new non-contact wide-field viewing system-assisted SB surgery with 23-gauge intraocular illumination is effective and safe for retinal detachment in SO-filled eyes.展开更多
The Qiangtang Basin of the Tibetan Plateau,located in the eastern Tethys tectonic domain,is the largest new marine petroliferous region for exploration in China.The scientific drilling project consisting primarily of ...The Qiangtang Basin of the Tibetan Plateau,located in the eastern Tethys tectonic domain,is the largest new marine petroliferous region for exploration in China.The scientific drilling project consisting primarily of well QK-1 and its supporting shallow boreholes for geological surveys(also referred to as the Project)completed in recent years contributes to a series of new discoveries and insights into the oil and gas preservation conditions and source rock evaluation of the Qiangtang Basin.These findings differ from previous views that the Qiangtang Basin has poor oil and gas preservation conditions and lacks high-quality source rocks.As revealed by well QK-1 and its supporting shallow boreholes in the Project,the Qiangtang Basin hosts two sets of high-quality regional seals,namely an anhydrite layer in the Quemo Co Formation and the gypsum-bearing mudstones in the Xiali Formation.Moreover,the Qiangtang Basin has favorable oil and gas preservation conditions,as verified by the comprehensive study of the sealing capacity of seals,basin structure,tectonic uplift,magmatic activity,and groundwater motion.Furthermore,the shallow boreholes have also revealed that the Qiangtang Basin has high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks in the Upper Triassic Bagong Formation,which are thick and widely distributed according to the geological and geophysical data.In addition,the petroleum geological conditions,such as the type,abundance,and thermal evolution of organic matter,indicate that the Qiangtang Basin has great hydrocarbon-generating potential.展开更多
AIM:To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of yttrium-aluminum garnet(YAG)laser vitreolysis for vision degrading myodesopsia(VDM)caused by posterior vitreous detachment(PVD).METHODS:This retrospective study revie...AIM:To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of yttrium-aluminum garnet(YAG)laser vitreolysis for vision degrading myodesopsia(VDM)caused by posterior vitreous detachment(PVD).METHODS:This retrospective study reviewed VDM patients of PVD type undergoing YAG laser vitreolysis.The baseline demographic information,the patterns of floaters,the number of floaters,and the subjective improvement of floater sympotoms(ranging from 0 to 100%)from medical records were collected.Significant improvement was defined as a relief of floater symptoms of≥50%at the final visit.The long-term efficacy and safety of YAG laser vitreolysis were analyzed.The risk factors linked to significant improvement of floater symptoms were defined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.RESULTS:The final analysis included 221 patients with VDM.The mean age of patients was 61.08±7.74y,and the mean length of follow-up was 21.38±5.61mo.Totally 57.01%of patients experienced a significant improvement in their floater symptoms after YAG laser therapy,and none of them developed delayed retinal abnormalities such as retinal tears or detachments.Age(OR=1.049,95%CI=1.007-1.092,P=0.021)was identified as a significant risk factor for significant improvement in VDM.CONCLUSION:YAG laser vitreolysis is an effective and secure treatment for PVD-type VDM,and patients of advanced age are more likely to get favorable outcomes.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate whether a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib could inhibit basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)simultaneously for retinal vascular disease in vivo.ME...AIM:To evaluate whether a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib could inhibit basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)simultaneously for retinal vascular disease in vivo.METHODS:After a laser induced rabbit retinal vein occlusion(RVO)model was made,0.5 mg of nintedanib was injected intravitreally in the left eye on the third day while the right eye was as a control.Intracameral samples were taken on the day before laser treatment and days 1,3,7,14,21,and 28 after treatment.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to test the bFGF and VEGF-A concentrations in the aqueous humor.RESULTS:Both bFGF and VEGF-A rose significantly on the third day after laser treatment in both eyes.In the control eye the bFGF concentration peaked on the 14th day while the VEGF-A concentration dropped rapidly soon after the third day.After nintadanib injection in the study eye,both bFGF and VEGF-A showed a significant reduction on the 4th day(7th day after laser treatment)when compared to the control eye,and kept on low level in the following several weeks.CONCLUSION:Intravitreal injection of nintedanib can inhibit the expression of bFGF and VEGF in the process of RVO model to a certain extent,which is expected to become a new method for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases or fibrotic diseases.展开更多
AIM： To compare the incidence of persistent submacular fluid（SMF） and visual outcome after pars plana vitrectomy（PPV） for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment（RRD） in different preoperative macular status accordin...AIM： To compare the incidence of persistent submacular fluid（SMF） and visual outcome after pars plana vitrectomy（PPV） for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment（RRD） in different preoperative macular status according to optical coherence tomography（OCT）.METHODS： A non-randomized, retrospective review was performed for patients who underwent successful PPV for RRD. OCT exams were taken preoperatively and 1 mo after surgery, until SMF disappeared. According to the preoperative macular status on OCT, patients were divided into two groups： macula-off RRD（Group A） and maculaon RRD（Group B）. In Group A, there were two subgroups： macula partly detached（Group A1） and macula totally detached（Group A2）. The main outcome measures were the presence of SMF on OCT 1 mo after surgery, and the preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuities（BCVA）, among the different groups and depending on the presence or absence of persistent SMF.RESULTS： A total of 139 eyes of 139 patients were included in the study. Persistent SMF at 1 mo after surgery was 15.8%（22/139）, all occurring in Group A（22/101）; Group B had no SMF at 1 mo after surgery（0/38, P=0.002）. The incidence of persistent SMF at 1 mo after surgery in Group A1 was 50%（14/28）, and in Group A2 was 11.0%（8/73, P〈0.001）. Significant differences were shown between the presence and absence of persistent SMF on foveolaoff RRD, the preoperative BCVA, the 1 mo postoperative BCVA, and the degree of the BCVA improvement from 1 mo postoperatively to the final follow-up（P〈0.05）. However, there were no significant differences in the final BCVA（P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION： Persistent SMF after PPV for retinal detachment is associated with preoperative macular status. Macula-uninvolving RRD shows no persistent SMF after PPV. Macular partly detached RRD has a higher incidence of SMF than macula totally detached RRD after PPV. The persistence of SMF may be responsible for the delayed visual recovery, whereas there were no significant differences in the final visual acuity.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the macular microvasculature before and after surgery for idiopathic macular hole(MH)and the association of preoperative vascular parameters with postoperative recovery of visual acuity and configurati...AIM:To evaluate the macular microvasculature before and after surgery for idiopathic macular hole(MH)and the association of preoperative vascular parameters with postoperative recovery of visual acuity and configuration.METHODS:Twenty eyes from 20 patients with idiopathic MH were enrolled.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)images were obtained before,2 wk,1,and 3 mo after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling.Preoperative foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area and perimeter and regional vessel density(VD)in both layers were compared according to the 3-month best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA).RESULTS:The BCVA improved from 0.98±0.59(log MAR,Snellen 20/200)preoperatively to 0.30±0.25(Snellen 20/40)at 3 mo postoperatively.The preoperative deep VD was smaller and the FAZ perimeter was larger in the 3-month BCVA<20/32 group(all P<0.05).A significant reduction was observed in FAZ parameters and all VDs 2 wk postoperatively.Except for deep perifoveal VD,all VDs recovered only to their preoperative values.The postoperative FAZ parameters were lower during follow-up.Decreases in preoperative deep VDs were correlated with worse postoperative BCVA(Pearson’s r=-0.667 and-0.619,respectively).A larger FAZ perimeter(Spearman’s r=-0.524)and a lower deep perifoveal VD preoperatively(Pearson’s r=0.486)were associated with lower healing stage.CONCLUSION:The status of the deep vasculature may be an indicator of visual acuity in patients with a closed MH.Except for the deep perifoveal region,VD recovers only to preoperative levels.展开更多
AIM: To compare the postoperative visual acuity among eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) of different stages after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: A retrospective study ...AIM: To compare the postoperative visual acuity among eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) of different stages after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted for PDR eyes undergoing PPV in type 2 diabetic patients. All patients were divided into three groups based on Chinese Ocular Fundus Diseases Society(COFDS) classification for PDR: Group A(primary vitreous hemorrhage), Group B(primary fibrovascular proliferation) and Group C(primary vitreous hemorrhage and/or fibrovascular proliferative combined with retinal detachment). The postoperative visual acuity and the change between postoperative and preoperative visual acuity were compared among three groups. The associated risk factors for postoperative visual acuity were analyzed in the univariate and multiple linear aggression. RESULTS: In total, 195 eyes of 195 patients were collected in this study, including 71 eyes of 71 patients in Group A, 75 eyes of 75 patients in Group B and 49 eyes of 49 patients in Group C. The eyes in Group A got better postoperative best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) compared to the eyes in Group B and C(0.48±0.48 vs 0.89±0.63, P<0.001;0.48±0.48 vs 1.04±0.67, P<0.001;respectively). The eyes in Group A got more improvement of BCVA compared to the eyes in Group B and C(1.07±0.70 vs 0.73±0.68, P=0.004;1.07±0.70 vs 0.77±0.78, P=0.024;respectively). In the multiple linear regression analysis, primary fibro-proliferative type(β=0.194, 95%CI=0.060-0.447, P=0.01), retinal detachment type(β=0.244, 95%CI=0.132-0.579, P=0.02), baseline log MAR BCVA(β=0.192, 95%CI=0.068-0.345, P=0.004), silicone oil tamponade(β=0.272, 95%CI=0.173-0.528, P<0.001) was positively correlated with postoperative log MAR BCVA. Eyes undergoing phacovitrectomy had better postoperative BCVA(β=-0.144, 95%CI=-0.389 to-0.027, P=0.025). CONCLUSION: PDR eyes of primary vitreous hemorrhage type usually have better visual acuity prognosis compared to primary fibrovascular proliferation type and retinal detachment type. COFDS classification for PDR may have a high prognostic value for postoperative visual outcome and surgical management indications.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal conbercept（IVC） injections as pretreatment for pars plana vitrectomy（PPV） in severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy（PDR）. METHODS： This was a retrosp...AIM： To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal conbercept（IVC） injections as pretreatment for pars plana vitrectomy（PPV） in severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy（PDR）. METHODS： This was a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent PPV for PDR from January 2014 to October 2016. Patients who underwent IVC injection before PPV were assigned to the IVC group; the others were assigned to the control group. The IVC was performed 3-7 d before surgery in the IVC group. All the eyes in the two groups were operated by the same doctor to complete the vitrectomy. Intraoperative complications and the changes in best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA） before and after surgery were compared between the two groups. RESULTS： A total of 68 eyes of 63 patients（22 eyes in the IVC group and 46 eyes in the control group） were examined. The risk of intraoperative bleeding was lower in the IVC group（2/22） than in the control group（25/46, P=0.000）. Furthermore, the use of endodiathermy was significantly lower in the IVC group（1/22） than in the control group（12/46, P=0.047）. The surgical time in the IVC group（112.64±34.52 min） was significantly shorter than in the control group（132.85±40.04 min, P〈0.05）. Compared to the BCVA before surgery, the mean BCVA was significantly improved after surgery for both groups（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： PPV is an effective treatment and can improve vision in patients with PDR. Preoperative intravitreal injection of conbercept could reduce the chances of intraoperative bleeding and the use of endodiathermy and shorten the operative time, which are beneficial in the management of PDR.展开更多
AIM:To compare the safety and efficacy of conbercept intravitreal injection and half-dose photodynamic therapy(PDT)in treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC).METHODS:This study was retrospective.Thirty-...AIM:To compare the safety and efficacy of conbercept intravitreal injection and half-dose photodynamic therapy(PDT)in treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC).METHODS:This study was retrospective.Thirty-seven patients(37 eyes)with chronic CSC received conbercept injections while 57 patients(57 eyes)were treated with half-dose PDT.All subjects were followed in 6mo.Outcome measures included change in best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),central macular thickness(CMT),subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT),and resolution of subretinal fluid(SRF).RESULTS:There was no adverse event observed in either treatment group.At the 6-month follow-up,26 eyes(70.3%)in the conbercept group and 54 eyes(94.7%)in the half-dose PDT group(P<0.05)reached full resolution of SRF.The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution(log MAR)BCVA significantly improved(P<0.001)in both treatment groups with better outcome at early phase in the half-dose PDT group(2 wk,1,and 2 mo,P<0.05).All subjects experienced significant CMT improvement(P<0.001)with no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The SFCT also improved in all subjects(P<0.001)with better outcome in the half-dose PDT group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Both intravitreal conbercept and halfdose PDT are safe to use in treating chronic CSC.By 6mo,both treatment groups are efficacious in improving BCVA,reducing CMT and SFCT,and resolving SRF in eyes with chronic CSC.Half-dose PDT may show better outcome at initial phase of treatment in chronic CSC.Longer follow-up period is necessary to study for long-term effect and safety.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the feasibility of teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery with a robot-assisted surgical system and a three-dimensional(3D) visualization system.METHODS:Enucleated porcine eyes were estab...AIM:To investigate the feasibility of teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery with a robot-assisted surgical system and a three-dimensional(3D) visualization system.METHODS:Enucleated porcine eyes were established as an animal model for removing foreign bodies.Forty medical students were recruited to remove foreign bodies to compare the traditional microscope and the 3D system.One junior resident performed the surgical task with manual and robot-assisted operations on 20 porcine eyes for each group.One senior surgeon evaluated the retinal invasion by a graded injury degree.The learning curve for minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery was described.RESULTS:Compared with the robot-assisted group,the injury degree was higher in the manual group.For the first ten surgeries,the manual and robot-assisted groups had injuries of 2.60±1.35(4 to 0) and 1.80±1.62(4 to 0),respectively.For the last ten surgeries,the injury degrees were 1.90±1.20(3 to 0) and 0.80±0.42(1 to 0).Considering the manual and robot-assisted groups together,95%,75% and 60% of the students considered surgical manipulation with the 3D visualization system to be more comfortable,easier and clearer,respectively.CONCLUSION:The robot-assisted surgical system and 3D visualization system may have value in teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery.展开更多
AIM:To analyse macular microvascular alterations in myopic choroidal neovascularization(m CNV)and the efficiency of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(antiVEGF)therapy for m CNV by optical coherence tomography an...AIM:To analyse macular microvascular alterations in myopic choroidal neovascularization(m CNV)and the efficiency of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(antiVEGF)therapy for m CNV by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:A total of 123 patients were included in this retrospective study,divided into m CNV group,high myopia(HM)group,and normal group at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2017 to January 2019.Superficial vessel density,deep capillary density,foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area,A-circularity index(AI)and vessel density around the 300μm width of the FAZ region density(FD)and the area of choroidal neovascularization(CNV)lesion(only for m CNV group)were measured on 3×3 mm2 OCTA images.FAZ area was corrected for axial length.Central macular thickness(CMT)was measured on OCT in m CNV group.Compared the parameters on OCTA of 3 groups and pre-anti-VEGF and post-anti-VEGF at 1,2,3,and 6 mo follow-up in m CNV group.RESULTS:There were significant differences among 3 groups in superficial vessel density,deep capillary density and FD(P<0.05).FAZ area in HM group was smaller than normal group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between m CNV group and the other two group.AI increased in m CNV group(P<0.05).The mean CMT,area and flow area of CNV lesion decreased after treatment(P<0.05),while vessel density and FAZ didn’t change.The mean CMT,area and flow area of CNV lesion statistically decreased after anti-VEGF treatment in m CNV group(P<0.05),while superficial vessel density,deep capillary density and FAZ area,AI and FD didn’t change.The mean reduction ratio of lesions was 50.32%(7.07%to 100%).Lesion regression 100%was observed in 2 cases(4.88%).There was a negative correlation between the CNV lesion area and reduction ratio(r=-0.380,P=0.042)and the flow lesion area and reduction ratio(r=-0.402,P=0.030).CONCLUSION:Macular vessel density decreases,FAZ turns smaller and more irregular in m CNV eyes.AntiVEGF therapy is efficient for m CNV without affecting vessel density and FAZ,but it is unable to completely eliminate CNV lesions in most cases.The bigger m CNV lesions have lower reduction ratio.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the mechanism of the tight junction(TJ) disruption and the association between tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and matrix metalloproteinase(MMPs) under hyperosmotic condition in primary human corneal ...AIM:To investigate the mechanism of the tight junction(TJ) disruption and the association between tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and matrix metalloproteinase(MMPs) under hyperosmotic condition in primary human corneal epithelial cells(HCECs).METHODS:The cultured HCECs were exposed to media which adding sodium chloride(Na Cl) for hyperosmolar stress or adding rh-TNF-α(10 ng/m L). NF-κB inhibitor(5 μmol/L) or GM-6001(potent and broad spectrum MMP inhibitor, 20 μmol/L)was added 1 h before that treatment. The integrity of TJ proteins was determined by immunofluorescent(IF) staining. The m RNA levels of TNF-α and MMPs were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-q PCR) and the protein expression by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS:TJ proteins ZO-1 and Occludin were disrupted in primary HCECs exposed to hyperosmotic medium. The m RNA expression and protein production of TNF-α increased significantly in hyperosmotic media at 500 m Os M. TNF-α mediated the expression and production of MMP-1, MMP-13, MMP-9, and MMP-3 stimulated by hyperosmotic stress. The production of MMPs in hyperosmolar media were increased through the increase of TNF-α. GM-6001 prevent the destruction of ZO-1 and Occludin in hyperosmolar stress and rh-TNF-α treated medium. TNF-α induced activation of MMPs was involved in the TJ disruption by hyperosmolarity.CONCLUSION:TJ proteins ZO-1 and Occludin are disrupted by hyperosmolar stress and TNF-α, but protected by MMP inhibitor(GM-6001). It suggests that TNF-α/MMP pathway mediates the TJ disruption in primary HCECs exposed to hyperosmotic stress.展开更多
AIM:To observe whether silicone oil(SO)tamponade could decrease macular perfusion after retinal detachment repair.METHODS:A prospective observational case-control study.Patients diagnosed with primary macular off rheg...AIM:To observe whether silicone oil(SO)tamponade could decrease macular perfusion after retinal detachment repair.METHODS:A prospective observational case-control study.Patients diagnosed with primary macular off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment undergoing successful retinal repair surgery with vitrectomy were strictly selected.Optical coherence tomography angiography findings were compared between SO and air tamponade groups.Two postoperative visiting points were set(1 and 3 mo).RESULTS:Totally 29 patients(29 eyes)were enrolled.Twenty cases had SO tamponade while 9 cases were with air tamponade.At the first visiting point,superficial parafoveal vessel density(PFSVD)significantly decreased in the SO group(P=0.0403),especially in the superior quadrant or superior-hemi area(P=0.0089,0.0426,respectively).Parafoveal deep vessel density(PFDVD)had no difference between the two groups.At the second visiting point,all quadrants of PFSVD reduced significantly in the SO group(P=0.0256,0.0001,0.0031,<0.0001 in temporal,superior,nasal,and inferior area,respectively),but PFDVD remained no different.In the air group,all areas of PFSVD showed significantly improving from the first visit to the second one(P=0.0324,0.0001,0.0371,0.0026,in temporal,superior,nasal,and inferior area,respectively);however,almost all quadrants of PFDVD showed no changes during this period.In the SO group,both PFSVD and PFDVD showed no obvious changes between the two visiting points.Besides,parafoveal full retinal thickness in the SO group reduced significantly at both visiting points over the air tamponade,while the foveal avascular zone area showed no difference in the two groups.CONCLUSION:After retinal detachment surgery with vitrectomy and SO tamponade,superficial macular perfusion and full retinal thickness could decrease obviously when compared to air tamponade.This reduction process could persist throughout the tamponade period.展开更多
AIM：To assess peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL）and choroidal thickness obtained with enhanced depth imaging（EDI）mode compared with those obtained without EDI mode using Heidelberg Spectralis optical c...AIM：To assess peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL）and choroidal thickness obtained with enhanced depth imaging（EDI）mode compared with those obtained without EDI mode using Heidelberg Spectralis optical coherence tomography（OCT）.METHODS：Fifty eyes of 25 normal healthy subjects and32 eyes of 20 patients with different eye diseases were included in the study.All subjects underwent 3.4 mm diameter peripapillary circular OCT scan centered on the optic disc using both the conventional and the EDI OCT protocols.The visualization of RNFL and choroidoscleral junction was assessed using an ordinal scoring scale.The paired t-test,intraclass correlation coefficient（ICC）,95%limits of agreement（LoA）,and Bland and Altman plots were used to test the agreement of measurements.RESULTS：The visibility score of RNFL obtained with and without EDI was of no significant difference（P=0.532）,the visualization of choroidoscleral junction was better using EDI protocol than conventional protocol（P〈0.001）.Peripapillary RNFL thickness obtained with EDI was slightly thicker than that obtained without EDI（103.25±9.42μm vs 101.87±8.78μm,P=0.010）.The ICC of the two protocols was excellent with the value of 0.867 to 0.924,the 95%LoA of global RNFL thickness was between-10.0 to 7.4μm.Peripapillary choroidal thickness obtained with EDI was slightly thinner than that obtained without EDI（147.23±51.04μm vs 150.90±51.84μm,P〈0.001）.The ICC was also excellent with the value of 0.960 to 0.987,the 95%LoA of global choroidal thickness was between-12.5 to 19.8μm.CONCLUSION：Peripapillary circular OCT scan with or without EDI mode shows comparable results in the measurement of peripapillary RNFL and choroidal thickness.展开更多
Aim: 2-bromopropane (2-BP) is known as an environmentalendocrine disrupter. Recently its reproductive and hematopoitic tox-icity has aroused the attention of the toxicologists. The presentstudy was designed to study i...Aim: 2-bromopropane (2-BP) is known as an environmentalendocrine disrupter. Recently its reproductive and hematopoitic tox-icity has aroused the attention of the toxicologists. The presentstudy was designed to study its testicular toxicity in male rats.Methods; Forty male SD rats were divided into four groups of10 rats each. 2-BP was administered intraperitoneally at doses of1800 mg, 600 mg or 200 mg per kg body weight per day for 5days. The control rats were given a similar volume of the vehicle.The animals were sacrificed two days after the last dose. Results: With increasing doses, the seminiferous tubular damage wasgradually increased and the percentage of spermatogonia in the totalgerm cells gradually decreased ( P < 0. 05). The seminiferoustubular area of rats taking 1800 mg/kg was also reduced significant-ly . The body weight, testicular weight and relative testicular weightof rats taking the highest dose level were all significantly decreasedas compared with the controls. (Reprod Contracep 2001; 21; 157-60)展开更多
AIM: To report a successful surgical management of silicone oil migrated into suprachoroidal space after the repair of the retinal detachment with hemorrhagic choroidal detachment. METHODS: Retrospective observational...AIM: To report a successful surgical management of silicone oil migrated into suprachoroidal space after the repair of the retinal detachment with hemorrhagic choroidal detachment. METHODS: Retrospective observational case report. A 30-year-old man with retinal detachment and hemorrhagic choroidal detachment due to severe corneal penetrating injury, underwent a pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy, endolaser, and silicone oil tamponade followed by transscleral suprachoroidal hemorrhage drainage in the right eye. One week later, a localised temporal choroid elevation was noted. This persistent elevation was confirmed by operation research to be silicone oil migration into suprachoroidal space. RESULTS: The migrated silicone oil was drained via trans-scleral cut down, and the intravitreal silicone oil was removed and replaced by 16% C2F6. Over the next 2 weeks, the elevation vanished and the choroid became completely flat. CONCLUSION: The migration of silicone oil into suprachoroidal space is a rare complication of vitrectomy. The pathway of the migration is most likely through internal orifice of sclerotonny sites. Trans-scleral drainage surgery is an effective method to remove the migrated silicone oil from suprachoroidal space.展开更多
AIM：To evaluate the peripapillary choroidal thickness（PPCT） in Chinese children,and to analyze the influencing factors.METHODS： PPCT was measured with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography（EDI-OCT）...AIM：To evaluate the peripapillary choroidal thickness（PPCT） in Chinese children,and to analyze the influencing factors.METHODS： PPCT was measured with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography（EDI-OCT） in 70children（53 myopes and 17 non-myopes） aged 7 to 18 y,with spherical equivalent refractive errors between 0.50and-5.87 diopters（D）.Peripapillary choroidal imaging was performed using circular scans of a diameter of 3.4 mm around the optic disc.PPCT was measured by EDI-OCT in six sectors： nasal（N）,superonasal（SN）,superotemporal（ST）,temporal（T）,inferotemporal（IT）and inferonasal（IN）,as well as global RNFL thickness（G）.RESULTS： The mean global PPCT was 165.49±33.76 μm.The temporal,inferonasal,inferotemporal PPCT were significantly thinner than the nasal,superonasal,superotemporal segments PPCT were significantly thinner in the myopic group at temporal,superotemporal and inferotemporal segments.The axial length was significantly associated with the average global（β=-0.419,P =0.014）,superonasal（β=-2.009,P=0.049） and inferonasal（β=-2.000,P=0.049） PPCT.The other factors（gender,age,SE） were not significantly associated with PPCT.CONCLUSION： PPCT was thinner in the myopic group at temporal,superotemporal and inferotemporal segments.The axial length was found to be negatively correlated to PPCT.We need more further studies about the relationship between PPCT and myopia.展开更多
基金Supported by Zhejiang Medical Health Science and Technology Project(No.2023KY490).
文摘AIM:To investigate the morphological characteristics of retinal vessels in patients with different severity of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and in patients with or without diabetic macular edema(DME).METHODS:The 239 eyes of DR patients and 100 eyes of healthy individuals were recruited for the study.The severity of DR patients was graded as mild,moderate and severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)according to the international clinical diabetic retinopathy(ICDR)disease severity scale classification,and retinal vascular morphology was quantitatively analyzed in ultra-wide field images using RU-net and transfer learning methods.The presence of DME was determined by optical coherence tomography(OCT),and differences in vascular morphological characteristics were compared between patients with and without DME.RESULTS:Retinal vessel segmentation using RU-net and transfer learning system had an accuracy of 99%and a Dice metric of 0.76.Compared with the healthy group,the DR group had smaller vessel angles(33.68±3.01 vs 37.78±1.60),smaller fractal dimension(Df)values(1.33±0.05 vs 1.41±0.03),less vessel density(1.12±0.44 vs 2.09±0.36)and fewer vascular branches(206.1±88.8 vs 396.5±91.3),all P<0.001.As the severity of DR increased,Df values decreased,P=0.031.No significant difference between the DME and non-DME groups were observed in vascular morphological characteristics.CONCLUSION:In this study,an artificial intelligence retinal vessel segmentation system is used with 99%accuracy,thus providing with relatively satisfactory performance in the evaluation of quantitative vascular morphology.DR patients have a tendency of vascular occlusion and dropout.The presence of DME does not compromise the integral retinal vascular pattern.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81700884)Scientific Research Foundation of National Health and Health Commission(No.WKJ-ZJ-2037)+1 种基金Zhejiang Public Welfare Technology Application Project(No.LGF21H120005)Science and Technology Project of Wenzhou(No.Y20190649).
文摘AIM:To evaluate scleral buckling(SB)surgery using a noncontact wide-field viewing system and 23-gauge intraocular illumination for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in silicone oil(SO)-filled eyes.METHODS:Totally 9 patients(9 eyes)with retinal detachment in SO-filled eyes were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent non-contact wide-field viewing system-assisted buckling surgery with 23-gauge intraocular illumination.SO was removed at an appropriate time based on recovery.The patients were followed up for at least 3mo after SO removal.Retinal reattachment,complications,visual acuity and intraocular pressure(IOP)before and after surgery were observed.RESULTS:Patients were followed up for a mean of 8.22mo(3-22mo)after SO removal.All patients had retinal reattachment.At the final follow-up,visual acuity showed improvement for 8 patients,and no change for 1 patient.The IOP was high in 3 patients before surgery,but it stabilized after treatment;it was not affected in the other patients.None of the patients had infections,hemorrhage,anterior ischemia,or any other complication.CONCLUSION:This new non-contact wide-field viewing system-assisted SB surgery with 23-gauge intraocular illumination is effective and safe for retinal detachment in SO-filled eyes.
基金funded by projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91955204,42241202)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(2019QZKK080301)a project entitled Tectonics,Sedimentation,Evolution,and Basic Petroleum Geology of the Qiangtang Basin(2021DJ0801)of the Forward-looking Basic Subjects of PetroChina’s 14th Five-Year Plan.
文摘The Qiangtang Basin of the Tibetan Plateau,located in the eastern Tethys tectonic domain,is the largest new marine petroliferous region for exploration in China.The scientific drilling project consisting primarily of well QK-1 and its supporting shallow boreholes for geological surveys(also referred to as the Project)completed in recent years contributes to a series of new discoveries and insights into the oil and gas preservation conditions and source rock evaluation of the Qiangtang Basin.These findings differ from previous views that the Qiangtang Basin has poor oil and gas preservation conditions and lacks high-quality source rocks.As revealed by well QK-1 and its supporting shallow boreholes in the Project,the Qiangtang Basin hosts two sets of high-quality regional seals,namely an anhydrite layer in the Quemo Co Formation and the gypsum-bearing mudstones in the Xiali Formation.Moreover,the Qiangtang Basin has favorable oil and gas preservation conditions,as verified by the comprehensive study of the sealing capacity of seals,basin structure,tectonic uplift,magmatic activity,and groundwater motion.Furthermore,the shallow boreholes have also revealed that the Qiangtang Basin has high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks in the Upper Triassic Bagong Formation,which are thick and widely distributed according to the geological and geophysical data.In addition,the petroleum geological conditions,such as the type,abundance,and thermal evolution of organic matter,indicate that the Qiangtang Basin has great hydrocarbon-generating potential.
基金Supported in part by the Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program(No.RC210267).
文摘AIM:To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of yttrium-aluminum garnet(YAG)laser vitreolysis for vision degrading myodesopsia(VDM)caused by posterior vitreous detachment(PVD).METHODS:This retrospective study reviewed VDM patients of PVD type undergoing YAG laser vitreolysis.The baseline demographic information,the patterns of floaters,the number of floaters,and the subjective improvement of floater sympotoms(ranging from 0 to 100%)from medical records were collected.Significant improvement was defined as a relief of floater symptoms of≥50%at the final visit.The long-term efficacy and safety of YAG laser vitreolysis were analyzed.The risk factors linked to significant improvement of floater symptoms were defined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.RESULTS:The final analysis included 221 patients with VDM.The mean age of patients was 61.08±7.74y,and the mean length of follow-up was 21.38±5.61mo.Totally 57.01%of patients experienced a significant improvement in their floater symptoms after YAG laser therapy,and none of them developed delayed retinal abnormalities such as retinal tears or detachments.Age(OR=1.049,95%CI=1.007-1.092,P=0.021)was identified as a significant risk factor for significant improvement in VDM.CONCLUSION:YAG laser vitreolysis is an effective and secure treatment for PVD-type VDM,and patients of advanced age are more likely to get favorable outcomes.
基金Supported by Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2020KY654).
文摘AIM:To evaluate whether a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib could inhibit basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)simultaneously for retinal vascular disease in vivo.METHODS:After a laser induced rabbit retinal vein occlusion(RVO)model was made,0.5 mg of nintedanib was injected intravitreally in the left eye on the third day while the right eye was as a control.Intracameral samples were taken on the day before laser treatment and days 1,3,7,14,21,and 28 after treatment.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to test the bFGF and VEGF-A concentrations in the aqueous humor.RESULTS:Both bFGF and VEGF-A rose significantly on the third day after laser treatment in both eyes.In the control eye the bFGF concentration peaked on the 14th day while the VEGF-A concentration dropped rapidly soon after the third day.After nintadanib injection in the study eye,both bFGF and VEGF-A showed a significant reduction on the 4th day(7th day after laser treatment)when compared to the control eye,and kept on low level in the following several weeks.CONCLUSION:Intravitreal injection of nintedanib can inhibit the expression of bFGF and VEGF in the process of RVO model to a certain extent,which is expected to become a new method for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases or fibrotic diseases.
基金Supported by the Platform Key Project of Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No.2016ZDA016)
文摘AIM： To compare the incidence of persistent submacular fluid（SMF） and visual outcome after pars plana vitrectomy（PPV） for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment（RRD） in different preoperative macular status according to optical coherence tomography（OCT）.METHODS： A non-randomized, retrospective review was performed for patients who underwent successful PPV for RRD. OCT exams were taken preoperatively and 1 mo after surgery, until SMF disappeared. According to the preoperative macular status on OCT, patients were divided into two groups： macula-off RRD（Group A） and maculaon RRD（Group B）. In Group A, there were two subgroups： macula partly detached（Group A1） and macula totally detached（Group A2）. The main outcome measures were the presence of SMF on OCT 1 mo after surgery, and the preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuities（BCVA）, among the different groups and depending on the presence or absence of persistent SMF.RESULTS： A total of 139 eyes of 139 patients were included in the study. Persistent SMF at 1 mo after surgery was 15.8%（22/139）, all occurring in Group A（22/101）; Group B had no SMF at 1 mo after surgery（0/38, P=0.002）. The incidence of persistent SMF at 1 mo after surgery in Group A1 was 50%（14/28）, and in Group A2 was 11.0%（8/73, P〈0.001）. Significant differences were shown between the presence and absence of persistent SMF on foveolaoff RRD, the preoperative BCVA, the 1 mo postoperative BCVA, and the degree of the BCVA improvement from 1 mo postoperatively to the final follow-up（P〈0.05）. However, there were no significant differences in the final BCVA（P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION： Persistent SMF after PPV for retinal detachment is associated with preoperative macular status. Macula-uninvolving RRD shows no persistent SMF after PPV. Macular partly detached RRD has a higher incidence of SMF than macula totally detached RRD after PPV. The persistence of SMF may be responsible for the delayed visual recovery, whereas there were no significant differences in the final visual acuity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81900910,No.81700884)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ19H120003,No.LGF21H120005)+1 种基金Key Project Jointly Constructed by Zhejiang Pronvince and Ministry(No.WKJ-ZJ-2037)Basic Scientific Research Project of Wenzhou(No.Y20210194)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the macular microvasculature before and after surgery for idiopathic macular hole(MH)and the association of preoperative vascular parameters with postoperative recovery of visual acuity and configuration.METHODS:Twenty eyes from 20 patients with idiopathic MH were enrolled.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)images were obtained before,2 wk,1,and 3 mo after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling.Preoperative foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area and perimeter and regional vessel density(VD)in both layers were compared according to the 3-month best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA).RESULTS:The BCVA improved from 0.98±0.59(log MAR,Snellen 20/200)preoperatively to 0.30±0.25(Snellen 20/40)at 3 mo postoperatively.The preoperative deep VD was smaller and the FAZ perimeter was larger in the 3-month BCVA<20/32 group(all P<0.05).A significant reduction was observed in FAZ parameters and all VDs 2 wk postoperatively.Except for deep perifoveal VD,all VDs recovered only to their preoperative values.The postoperative FAZ parameters were lower during follow-up.Decreases in preoperative deep VDs were correlated with worse postoperative BCVA(Pearson’s r=-0.667 and-0.619,respectively).A larger FAZ perimeter(Spearman’s r=-0.524)and a lower deep perifoveal VD preoperatively(Pearson’s r=0.486)were associated with lower healing stage.CONCLUSION:The status of the deep vasculature may be an indicator of visual acuity in patients with a closed MH.Except for the deep perifoveal region,VD recovers only to preoperative levels.
基金Supported in part by the National Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China(No.2020-MS-360)Shenyang Science and Technology Bureau(No.RC210267)。
文摘AIM: To compare the postoperative visual acuity among eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) of different stages after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted for PDR eyes undergoing PPV in type 2 diabetic patients. All patients were divided into three groups based on Chinese Ocular Fundus Diseases Society(COFDS) classification for PDR: Group A(primary vitreous hemorrhage), Group B(primary fibrovascular proliferation) and Group C(primary vitreous hemorrhage and/or fibrovascular proliferative combined with retinal detachment). The postoperative visual acuity and the change between postoperative and preoperative visual acuity were compared among three groups. The associated risk factors for postoperative visual acuity were analyzed in the univariate and multiple linear aggression. RESULTS: In total, 195 eyes of 195 patients were collected in this study, including 71 eyes of 71 patients in Group A, 75 eyes of 75 patients in Group B and 49 eyes of 49 patients in Group C. The eyes in Group A got better postoperative best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) compared to the eyes in Group B and C(0.48±0.48 vs 0.89±0.63, P<0.001;0.48±0.48 vs 1.04±0.67, P<0.001;respectively). The eyes in Group A got more improvement of BCVA compared to the eyes in Group B and C(1.07±0.70 vs 0.73±0.68, P=0.004;1.07±0.70 vs 0.77±0.78, P=0.024;respectively). In the multiple linear regression analysis, primary fibro-proliferative type(β=0.194, 95%CI=0.060-0.447, P=0.01), retinal detachment type(β=0.244, 95%CI=0.132-0.579, P=0.02), baseline log MAR BCVA(β=0.192, 95%CI=0.068-0.345, P=0.004), silicone oil tamponade(β=0.272, 95%CI=0.173-0.528, P<0.001) was positively correlated with postoperative log MAR BCVA. Eyes undergoing phacovitrectomy had better postoperative BCVA(β=-0.144, 95%CI=-0.389 to-0.027, P=0.025). CONCLUSION: PDR eyes of primary vitreous hemorrhage type usually have better visual acuity prognosis compared to primary fibrovascular proliferation type and retinal detachment type. COFDS classification for PDR may have a high prognostic value for postoperative visual outcome and surgical management indications.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2014ZX09303301)the Science and Technology Department of Major Scientific and Technological Projects of Major Social Development Projects of Zhejiang Province(No.2013C03048-3)+1 种基金the Medical and Health Platform Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2016RCB012)the Medical Key Subject of Zhejiang Province(No.2016CXXK2)
文摘AIM： To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal conbercept（IVC） injections as pretreatment for pars plana vitrectomy（PPV） in severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy（PDR）. METHODS： This was a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent PPV for PDR from January 2014 to October 2016. Patients who underwent IVC injection before PPV were assigned to the IVC group; the others were assigned to the control group. The IVC was performed 3-7 d before surgery in the IVC group. All the eyes in the two groups were operated by the same doctor to complete the vitrectomy. Intraoperative complications and the changes in best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA） before and after surgery were compared between the two groups. RESULTS： A total of 68 eyes of 63 patients（22 eyes in the IVC group and 46 eyes in the control group） were examined. The risk of intraoperative bleeding was lower in the IVC group（2/22） than in the control group（25/46, P=0.000）. Furthermore, the use of endodiathermy was significantly lower in the IVC group（1/22） than in the control group（12/46, P=0.047）. The surgical time in the IVC group（112.64±34.52 min） was significantly shorter than in the control group（132.85±40.04 min, P〈0.05）. Compared to the BCVA before surgery, the mean BCVA was significantly improved after surgery for both groups（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： PPV is an effective treatment and can improve vision in patients with PDR. Preoperative intravitreal injection of conbercept could reduce the chances of intraoperative bleeding and the use of endodiathermy and shorten the operative time, which are beneficial in the management of PDR.
基金Supported by Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.Y20180728)Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.Y20190635)Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.2019Y0592)。
文摘AIM:To compare the safety and efficacy of conbercept intravitreal injection and half-dose photodynamic therapy(PDT)in treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC).METHODS:This study was retrospective.Thirty-seven patients(37 eyes)with chronic CSC received conbercept injections while 57 patients(57 eyes)were treated with half-dose PDT.All subjects were followed in 6mo.Outcome measures included change in best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),central macular thickness(CMT),subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT),and resolution of subretinal fluid(SRF).RESULTS:There was no adverse event observed in either treatment group.At the 6-month follow-up,26 eyes(70.3%)in the conbercept group and 54 eyes(94.7%)in the half-dose PDT group(P<0.05)reached full resolution of SRF.The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution(log MAR)BCVA significantly improved(P<0.001)in both treatment groups with better outcome at early phase in the half-dose PDT group(2 wk,1,and 2 mo,P<0.05).All subjects experienced significant CMT improvement(P<0.001)with no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The SFCT also improved in all subjects(P<0.001)with better outcome in the half-dose PDT group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Both intravitreal conbercept and halfdose PDT are safe to use in treating chronic CSC.By 6mo,both treatment groups are efficacious in improving BCVA,reducing CMT and SFCT,and resolving SRF in eyes with chronic CSC.Half-dose PDT may show better outcome at initial phase of treatment in chronic CSC.Longer follow-up period is necessary to study for long-term effect and safety.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81700884,No.81900910)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No.LGF21H120005,No.LQ19H120003)+1 种基金Key Project jointly constructed by Zhejiang Province and Ministry (No.WKJZJ-2037)Basic Scientific Research Project of Wenzhou (No.Y20210194)。
文摘AIM:To investigate the feasibility of teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery with a robot-assisted surgical system and a three-dimensional(3D) visualization system.METHODS:Enucleated porcine eyes were established as an animal model for removing foreign bodies.Forty medical students were recruited to remove foreign bodies to compare the traditional microscope and the 3D system.One junior resident performed the surgical task with manual and robot-assisted operations on 20 porcine eyes for each group.One senior surgeon evaluated the retinal invasion by a graded injury degree.The learning curve for minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery was described.RESULTS:Compared with the robot-assisted group,the injury degree was higher in the manual group.For the first ten surgeries,the manual and robot-assisted groups had injuries of 2.60±1.35(4 to 0) and 1.80±1.62(4 to 0),respectively.For the last ten surgeries,the injury degrees were 1.90±1.20(3 to 0) and 0.80±0.42(1 to 0).Considering the manual and robot-assisted groups together,95%,75% and 60% of the students considered surgical manipulation with the 3D visualization system to be more comfortable,easier and clearer,respectively.CONCLUSION:The robot-assisted surgical system and 3D visualization system may have value in teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery.
基金Supported by Medical and Health Platform Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2021KY810)。
文摘AIM:To analyse macular microvascular alterations in myopic choroidal neovascularization(m CNV)and the efficiency of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(antiVEGF)therapy for m CNV by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:A total of 123 patients were included in this retrospective study,divided into m CNV group,high myopia(HM)group,and normal group at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2017 to January 2019.Superficial vessel density,deep capillary density,foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area,A-circularity index(AI)and vessel density around the 300μm width of the FAZ region density(FD)and the area of choroidal neovascularization(CNV)lesion(only for m CNV group)were measured on 3×3 mm2 OCTA images.FAZ area was corrected for axial length.Central macular thickness(CMT)was measured on OCT in m CNV group.Compared the parameters on OCTA of 3 groups and pre-anti-VEGF and post-anti-VEGF at 1,2,3,and 6 mo follow-up in m CNV group.RESULTS:There were significant differences among 3 groups in superficial vessel density,deep capillary density and FD(P<0.05).FAZ area in HM group was smaller than normal group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between m CNV group and the other two group.AI increased in m CNV group(P<0.05).The mean CMT,area and flow area of CNV lesion decreased after treatment(P<0.05),while vessel density and FAZ didn’t change.The mean CMT,area and flow area of CNV lesion statistically decreased after anti-VEGF treatment in m CNV group(P<0.05),while superficial vessel density,deep capillary density and FAZ area,AI and FD didn’t change.The mean reduction ratio of lesions was 50.32%(7.07%to 100%).Lesion regression 100%was observed in 2 cases(4.88%).There was a negative correlation between the CNV lesion area and reduction ratio(r=-0.380,P=0.042)and the flow lesion area and reduction ratio(r=-0.402,P=0.030).CONCLUSION:Macular vessel density decreases,FAZ turns smaller and more irregular in m CNV eyes.AntiVEGF therapy is efficient for m CNV without affecting vessel density and FAZ,but it is unable to completely eliminate CNV lesions in most cases.The bigger m CNV lesions have lower reduction ratio.
文摘AIM:To investigate the mechanism of the tight junction(TJ) disruption and the association between tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and matrix metalloproteinase(MMPs) under hyperosmotic condition in primary human corneal epithelial cells(HCECs).METHODS:The cultured HCECs were exposed to media which adding sodium chloride(Na Cl) for hyperosmolar stress or adding rh-TNF-α(10 ng/m L). NF-κB inhibitor(5 μmol/L) or GM-6001(potent and broad spectrum MMP inhibitor, 20 μmol/L)was added 1 h before that treatment. The integrity of TJ proteins was determined by immunofluorescent(IF) staining. The m RNA levels of TNF-α and MMPs were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-q PCR) and the protein expression by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS:TJ proteins ZO-1 and Occludin were disrupted in primary HCECs exposed to hyperosmotic medium. The m RNA expression and protein production of TNF-α increased significantly in hyperosmotic media at 500 m Os M. TNF-α mediated the expression and production of MMP-1, MMP-13, MMP-9, and MMP-3 stimulated by hyperosmotic stress. The production of MMPs in hyperosmolar media were increased through the increase of TNF-α. GM-6001 prevent the destruction of ZO-1 and Occludin in hyperosmolar stress and rh-TNF-α treated medium. TNF-α induced activation of MMPs was involved in the TJ disruption by hyperosmolarity.CONCLUSION:TJ proteins ZO-1 and Occludin are disrupted by hyperosmolar stress and TNF-α, but protected by MMP inhibitor(GM-6001). It suggests that TNF-α/MMP pathway mediates the TJ disruption in primary HCECs exposed to hyperosmotic stress.
基金Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.Y20180730)。
文摘AIM:To observe whether silicone oil(SO)tamponade could decrease macular perfusion after retinal detachment repair.METHODS:A prospective observational case-control study.Patients diagnosed with primary macular off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment undergoing successful retinal repair surgery with vitrectomy were strictly selected.Optical coherence tomography angiography findings were compared between SO and air tamponade groups.Two postoperative visiting points were set(1 and 3 mo).RESULTS:Totally 29 patients(29 eyes)were enrolled.Twenty cases had SO tamponade while 9 cases were with air tamponade.At the first visiting point,superficial parafoveal vessel density(PFSVD)significantly decreased in the SO group(P=0.0403),especially in the superior quadrant or superior-hemi area(P=0.0089,0.0426,respectively).Parafoveal deep vessel density(PFDVD)had no difference between the two groups.At the second visiting point,all quadrants of PFSVD reduced significantly in the SO group(P=0.0256,0.0001,0.0031,<0.0001 in temporal,superior,nasal,and inferior area,respectively),but PFDVD remained no different.In the air group,all areas of PFSVD showed significantly improving from the first visit to the second one(P=0.0324,0.0001,0.0371,0.0026,in temporal,superior,nasal,and inferior area,respectively);however,almost all quadrants of PFDVD showed no changes during this period.In the SO group,both PFSVD and PFDVD showed no obvious changes between the two visiting points.Besides,parafoveal full retinal thickness in the SO group reduced significantly at both visiting points over the air tamponade,while the foveal avascular zone area showed no difference in the two groups.CONCLUSION:After retinal detachment surgery with vitrectomy and SO tamponade,superficial macular perfusion and full retinal thickness could decrease obviously when compared to air tamponade.This reduction process could persist throughout the tamponade period.
基金Supported by Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.Y20150257)
文摘AIM：To assess peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL）and choroidal thickness obtained with enhanced depth imaging（EDI）mode compared with those obtained without EDI mode using Heidelberg Spectralis optical coherence tomography（OCT）.METHODS：Fifty eyes of 25 normal healthy subjects and32 eyes of 20 patients with different eye diseases were included in the study.All subjects underwent 3.4 mm diameter peripapillary circular OCT scan centered on the optic disc using both the conventional and the EDI OCT protocols.The visualization of RNFL and choroidoscleral junction was assessed using an ordinal scoring scale.The paired t-test,intraclass correlation coefficient（ICC）,95%limits of agreement（LoA）,and Bland and Altman plots were used to test the agreement of measurements.RESULTS：The visibility score of RNFL obtained with and without EDI was of no significant difference（P=0.532）,the visualization of choroidoscleral junction was better using EDI protocol than conventional protocol（P〈0.001）.Peripapillary RNFL thickness obtained with EDI was slightly thicker than that obtained without EDI（103.25±9.42μm vs 101.87±8.78μm,P=0.010）.The ICC of the two protocols was excellent with the value of 0.867 to 0.924,the 95%LoA of global RNFL thickness was between-10.0 to 7.4μm.Peripapillary choroidal thickness obtained with EDI was slightly thinner than that obtained without EDI（147.23±51.04μm vs 150.90±51.84μm,P〈0.001）.The ICC was also excellent with the value of 0.960 to 0.987,the 95%LoA of global choroidal thickness was between-12.5 to 19.8μm.CONCLUSION：Peripapillary circular OCT scan with or without EDI mode shows comparable results in the measurement of peripapillary RNFL and choroidal thickness.
文摘Aim: 2-bromopropane (2-BP) is known as an environmentalendocrine disrupter. Recently its reproductive and hematopoitic tox-icity has aroused the attention of the toxicologists. The presentstudy was designed to study its testicular toxicity in male rats.Methods; Forty male SD rats were divided into four groups of10 rats each. 2-BP was administered intraperitoneally at doses of1800 mg, 600 mg or 200 mg per kg body weight per day for 5days. The control rats were given a similar volume of the vehicle.The animals were sacrificed two days after the last dose. Results: With increasing doses, the seminiferous tubular damage wasgradually increased and the percentage of spermatogonia in the totalgerm cells gradually decreased ( P < 0. 05). The seminiferoustubular area of rats taking 1800 mg/kg was also reduced significant-ly . The body weight, testicular weight and relative testicular weightof rats taking the highest dose level were all significantly decreasedas compared with the controls. (Reprod Contracep 2001; 21; 157-60)
文摘AIM: To report a successful surgical management of silicone oil migrated into suprachoroidal space after the repair of the retinal detachment with hemorrhagic choroidal detachment. METHODS: Retrospective observational case report. A 30-year-old man with retinal detachment and hemorrhagic choroidal detachment due to severe corneal penetrating injury, underwent a pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy, endolaser, and silicone oil tamponade followed by transscleral suprachoroidal hemorrhage drainage in the right eye. One week later, a localised temporal choroid elevation was noted. This persistent elevation was confirmed by operation research to be silicone oil migration into suprachoroidal space. RESULTS: The migrated silicone oil was drained via trans-scleral cut down, and the intravitreal silicone oil was removed and replaced by 16% C2F6. Over the next 2 weeks, the elevation vanished and the choroid became completely flat. CONCLUSION: The migration of silicone oil into suprachoroidal space is a rare complication of vitrectomy. The pathway of the migration is most likely through internal orifice of sclerotonny sites. Trans-scleral drainage surgery is an effective method to remove the migrated silicone oil from suprachoroidal space.
基金Supported by Major Scientific and Technological Projects in Zhejiang Province,China(No.2013c03048-3)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau(No.Y20150284)Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.2016ZDA016)
文摘AIM：To evaluate the peripapillary choroidal thickness（PPCT） in Chinese children,and to analyze the influencing factors.METHODS： PPCT was measured with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography（EDI-OCT） in 70children（53 myopes and 17 non-myopes） aged 7 to 18 y,with spherical equivalent refractive errors between 0.50and-5.87 diopters（D）.Peripapillary choroidal imaging was performed using circular scans of a diameter of 3.4 mm around the optic disc.PPCT was measured by EDI-OCT in six sectors： nasal（N）,superonasal（SN）,superotemporal（ST）,temporal（T）,inferotemporal（IT）and inferonasal（IN）,as well as global RNFL thickness（G）.RESULTS： The mean global PPCT was 165.49±33.76 μm.The temporal,inferonasal,inferotemporal PPCT were significantly thinner than the nasal,superonasal,superotemporal segments PPCT were significantly thinner in the myopic group at temporal,superotemporal and inferotemporal segments.The axial length was significantly associated with the average global（β=-0.419,P =0.014）,superonasal（β=-2.009,P=0.049） and inferonasal（β=-2.000,P=0.049） PPCT.The other factors（gender,age,SE） were not significantly associated with PPCT.CONCLUSION： PPCT was thinner in the myopic group at temporal,superotemporal and inferotemporal segments.The axial length was found to be negatively correlated to PPCT.We need more further studies about the relationship between PPCT and myopia.
