Pinus is an economically and ecologically important genus whose members are dominant components globally in low-latitude mountainous and mid-latitude temperate forests.Pinus species richness is currently concentrated ...Pinus is an economically and ecologically important genus whose members are dominant components globally in low-latitude mountainous and mid-latitude temperate forests.Pinus species richness is currently concentrated in subtropical mid-low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,differing from the latitudinal diversity gradient mostly recognized in woody angiosperms.How the present pattern was developing in Earth's past is still poorly studied,particularly in eastern Asia.Here,a new fossil species,Pinus shengxianica sp.nov.is described based on a fossil seed cone from the Late Miocene Shengxian Formation in Zhejiang,southeast China.A co-occurring cone is recognized as a known fossil species,Pinus speciosa Li.Extensive comparison of extant and fossil members of Pinus suggests P.shengxianica shares a striking cone similarity to Pinus merkusii and Pinus latteri(subsection Pinus)from tropical Southeast Asia in having annular bulges around the umbo on the apophysis.The morphological resemblance indicates these two extant low-latitude pines probably possess a close affinity with the present newly-discovered P.shengxianica and originated from East Asian mid-low latitude ancestors during this generic re-diversification in the Miocene.This scenario is consistent with the evolutionary trajectory reflected by the pine fossil history and molecular data,marking the Miocene as a key period for the origin and evolution of most extant pines globally.The co-occurrences of diverse conifers and broadleaved angiosperms preferring diverse niches demonstrate Late Miocene eastern Zhejiang was one of the hot spots for coniferophyte diversity and hosted a needled-broadleaved mixed forest with complex vegetation structure and an altitudinal zonation.展开更多
Retinitis pigmentosa(RP) is a commonly inherited disease of the retina, which is characterized by progressive loss of visual function due to specific genetic mutations. There are many risk factors that may have effect...Retinitis pigmentosa(RP) is a commonly inherited disease of the retina, which is characterized by progressive loss of visual function due to specific genetic mutations. There are many risk factors that may have effect on the progression of RP, such as inheritance patterns, genotype, gender, age, smoking, physical activity, and other demographic and environmental factors. Baseline visual field conditions, changes of ellipsoid zone, photoreceptor layer thickness, and choroidal structure are reported to be the phenotype risk factors for RP progression. Moreover, aqueous flare and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are probable inflammation biomarkers for assessing the progression of RP. Increased oxidative stress is considered to be one of the potential factors for the existence of RP. The risk factors can be combined to form a corresponding prediction model to predict disease progression. This review is to summarize the current literature that studies the genetic, environmental, phenotypic, demographic, inflammatory and other risk factors of RP progression and discuss the most reliable risk factors that could provide predictive models.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the potential mechanism of Mingjing granules in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration(wAMD)based on the research methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking approach and ...Objective:To analyze the potential mechanism of Mingjing granules in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration(wAMD)based on the research methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking approach and to provide a new reference for the currently limited treatment of wAMD.Materials and Methods:We searched TCMSP,GeneCards,OMIM,PharmGkb,TTD,and DrugBank database to screen the main active ingredients of Mingjing granules and their therapeutic targets of wAMD.The network of active components and targets was constructed using Cytoscape3.6.1 software,which was also used for the topological analysis of target genes.The network of Protein-Protein Interactions(PPI)was mapped using the String platform.We also used R language to do the Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway for additional analysis.Molecular docking studies were finished by Chemoffice,Autodock,and Pymol.Finally,the efficacy of the Mingjing granules was examined in animal experiments,in which we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to the contents of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)levels in peripheral blood.Results:Active compounds,including quercetin,lignocaine,and kaempferol,were found.PPI network analysis showed that tumor necrosis factor(TNF),MMP-9,epidermal growth factor(EGF),prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2),and caspase-3(CASP3)were related to both Mingjing granules and wAMD.GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that these targets were mainly involving lipids and atherosclerosis,TNF,and interleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathways.Docking studies suggested that quercetin and luteolin can fit in the binding pocket of four target proteins(CASP3,EGF,PTGS2,and TNF).In the vivo experiment,the Mingjing granules were found to be effective on the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in peripheral blood.Conclusions:This study initially reveals the multi-constituent,multi-target,and multi-pathway mechanism of action of Mingjing granules in the treatment of wAMD and implies the inhibition of choroidal neovascularization may be related to the expression of VEGF and MMP-9.展开更多
An on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) in water samples was developed.The optimal analytical condi...An on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) in water samples was developed.The optimal analytical conditions were obtained through the optimization of the extraction efficiency of online solid phase extraction column,sample loading rate and loading volume,and the concentration of ammonium acetate in mobile phase.Under the optimal condition,the analytical method displayed good linearity(r^2>0.99) for 12 PFASs(C5-C14 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and C6/C8 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids) over a concentration range of 0.5-100 ng/L.The limits of quantitation for samples were between 0.025 ng/L and 0.5 ng/L and the relative standard deviations(RSD) of five consecutive analyses were less than 10%for 1 ng/L standard solution.Satisfactory results were obtained using this analytical method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in Antarctic ice core samples.The recoveries of all perfluoroalkyl substances were in a range of 73%-117%when the samples were spiked with standards at the concentrations of 2.5 ng/L and 25 ng/L.展开更多
Foreword Patent issues may be existed in this document, and the Word Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies declared that they are not to blame.The main drafting Committee of this docement:First People’s Hospital A...Foreword Patent issues may be existed in this document, and the Word Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies declared that they are not to blame.The main drafting Committee of this docement:First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Eye hospital,China academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Eye Institute/National Institute of Health.展开更多
Objective:The objective of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of LXHY,a Chinese medicine compound formula,on choroidal neovascularization(CNV) and to find the possible working mechanism.Methods:CNV was...Objective:The objective of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of LXHY,a Chinese medicine compound formula,on choroidal neovascularization(CNV) and to find the possible working mechanism.Methods:CNV was induced in C57 BL/6 mice by krypton laser and bone marrow-derived cells(BMCs) isolated from enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP) transgenic mice were injected through tail vein 0.5–1 h after the laser surgery.The BMC-treated mice were randomly divided into two groups gavaged with either distilled water(DW group) or LXHY formula solution from day 1 after laser surgery.On days 7,14,and 28 after treatment,histopathologic examination,fundus fluorescein angiography,and choroidal flatmount assay were performed to measure the CNV severity and BMC recruitment.CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF?1α),vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1),and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were detected by immunofluorescent staining.Results:On days 7 and 14 after treatment,CNV lesions in the LXHY-treated mice showed less recruitment of BMCs and were smaller in size compared to DW-treated mice.Histological examination also confirmed less severe CNV lesions in the LXHY group.CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood in the LXHY group were less than that of DW group on days 7 and 14.Moreover,the expression levels of SDF-1α,ICAM?1,and VCAM?1 at the lesion sites in the LXHY group were lower compared with the DW group.Conclusion:This experiment indicated that LXHY formula could inhibit CNV formation and development,probably by inhibiting the recruitment and attachment of BMCs into CNV area.展开更多
基金This work was funded in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41872017)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy(Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,CAS)(Nos.193113 and 183125)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD(Nos.300102272206,300102271402 and 300102271403)the Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(No.S202210710194).
文摘Pinus is an economically and ecologically important genus whose members are dominant components globally in low-latitude mountainous and mid-latitude temperate forests.Pinus species richness is currently concentrated in subtropical mid-low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,differing from the latitudinal diversity gradient mostly recognized in woody angiosperms.How the present pattern was developing in Earth's past is still poorly studied,particularly in eastern Asia.Here,a new fossil species,Pinus shengxianica sp.nov.is described based on a fossil seed cone from the Late Miocene Shengxian Formation in Zhejiang,southeast China.A co-occurring cone is recognized as a known fossil species,Pinus speciosa Li.Extensive comparison of extant and fossil members of Pinus suggests P.shengxianica shares a striking cone similarity to Pinus merkusii and Pinus latteri(subsection Pinus)from tropical Southeast Asia in having annular bulges around the umbo on the apophysis.The morphological resemblance indicates these two extant low-latitude pines probably possess a close affinity with the present newly-discovered P.shengxianica and originated from East Asian mid-low latitude ancestors during this generic re-diversification in the Miocene.This scenario is consistent with the evolutionary trajectory reflected by the pine fossil history and molecular data,marking the Miocene as a key period for the origin and evolution of most extant pines globally.The co-occurrences of diverse conifers and broadleaved angiosperms preferring diverse niches demonstrate Late Miocene eastern Zhejiang was one of the hot spots for coniferophyte diversity and hosted a needled-broadleaved mixed forest with complex vegetation structure and an altitudinal zonation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81973912)Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (No.CFH2020-2-4183)the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China (No.0610-2040NF020931)。
文摘Retinitis pigmentosa(RP) is a commonly inherited disease of the retina, which is characterized by progressive loss of visual function due to specific genetic mutations. There are many risk factors that may have effect on the progression of RP, such as inheritance patterns, genotype, gender, age, smoking, physical activity, and other demographic and environmental factors. Baseline visual field conditions, changes of ellipsoid zone, photoreceptor layer thickness, and choroidal structure are reported to be the phenotype risk factors for RP progression. Moreover, aqueous flare and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are probable inflammation biomarkers for assessing the progression of RP. Increased oxidative stress is considered to be one of the potential factors for the existence of RP. The risk factors can be combined to form a corresponding prediction model to predict disease progression. This review is to summarize the current literature that studies the genetic, environmental, phenotypic, demographic, inflammatory and other risk factors of RP progression and discuss the most reliable risk factors that could provide predictive models.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81973912)Capital Health Research and Development of Special Fund(Grant No.2020-2-4183)+2 种基金Project commissioned by China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(Grant No.ZZ13-036-1)“Special Project of Director of Business Laboratory”China Center for Evidence-based Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.2020YJSZX-2)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the potential mechanism of Mingjing granules in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration(wAMD)based on the research methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking approach and to provide a new reference for the currently limited treatment of wAMD.Materials and Methods:We searched TCMSP,GeneCards,OMIM,PharmGkb,TTD,and DrugBank database to screen the main active ingredients of Mingjing granules and their therapeutic targets of wAMD.The network of active components and targets was constructed using Cytoscape3.6.1 software,which was also used for the topological analysis of target genes.The network of Protein-Protein Interactions(PPI)was mapped using the String platform.We also used R language to do the Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway for additional analysis.Molecular docking studies were finished by Chemoffice,Autodock,and Pymol.Finally,the efficacy of the Mingjing granules was examined in animal experiments,in which we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to the contents of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)levels in peripheral blood.Results:Active compounds,including quercetin,lignocaine,and kaempferol,were found.PPI network analysis showed that tumor necrosis factor(TNF),MMP-9,epidermal growth factor(EGF),prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2),and caspase-3(CASP3)were related to both Mingjing granules and wAMD.GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that these targets were mainly involving lipids and atherosclerosis,TNF,and interleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathways.Docking studies suggested that quercetin and luteolin can fit in the binding pocket of four target proteins(CASP3,EGF,PTGS2,and TNF).In the vivo experiment,the Mingjing granules were found to be effective on the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in peripheral blood.Conclusions:This study initially reveals the multi-constituent,multi-target,and multi-pathway mechanism of action of Mingjing granules in the treatment of wAMD and implies the inhibition of choroidal neovascularization may be related to the expression of VEGF and MMP-9.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21377145,21321004)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB01020300)
文摘An on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) in water samples was developed.The optimal analytical conditions were obtained through the optimization of the extraction efficiency of online solid phase extraction column,sample loading rate and loading volume,and the concentration of ammonium acetate in mobile phase.Under the optimal condition,the analytical method displayed good linearity(r^2>0.99) for 12 PFASs(C5-C14 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and C6/C8 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids) over a concentration range of 0.5-100 ng/L.The limits of quantitation for samples were between 0.025 ng/L and 0.5 ng/L and the relative standard deviations(RSD) of five consecutive analyses were less than 10%for 1 ng/L standard solution.Satisfactory results were obtained using this analytical method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in Antarctic ice core samples.The recoveries of all perfluoroalkyl substances were in a range of 73%-117%when the samples were spiked with standards at the concentrations of 2.5 ng/L and 25 ng/L.
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81973912)Special Project of International Cooperation in TCM of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(0610-2040NF020931)+1 种基金the China Center for Evidence-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine(2020YJSZX-2)China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Innovation Fund(CI2021A00701-3)。
文摘Foreword Patent issues may be existed in this document, and the Word Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies declared that they are not to blame.The main drafting Committee of this docement:First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Eye hospital,China academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Eye Institute/National Institute of Health.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81072846,81674033,81102618)TCM "Belt and Road Initiative" Cooperative project funded by China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(GH2017-04-02)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People’s Republic of China(2010)
文摘Objective:The objective of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of LXHY,a Chinese medicine compound formula,on choroidal neovascularization(CNV) and to find the possible working mechanism.Methods:CNV was induced in C57 BL/6 mice by krypton laser and bone marrow-derived cells(BMCs) isolated from enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP) transgenic mice were injected through tail vein 0.5–1 h after the laser surgery.The BMC-treated mice were randomly divided into two groups gavaged with either distilled water(DW group) or LXHY formula solution from day 1 after laser surgery.On days 7,14,and 28 after treatment,histopathologic examination,fundus fluorescein angiography,and choroidal flatmount assay were performed to measure the CNV severity and BMC recruitment.CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF?1α),vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1),and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were detected by immunofluorescent staining.Results:On days 7 and 14 after treatment,CNV lesions in the LXHY-treated mice showed less recruitment of BMCs and were smaller in size compared to DW-treated mice.Histological examination also confirmed less severe CNV lesions in the LXHY group.CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood in the LXHY group were less than that of DW group on days 7 and 14.Moreover,the expression levels of SDF-1α,ICAM?1,and VCAM?1 at the lesion sites in the LXHY group were lower compared with the DW group.Conclusion:This experiment indicated that LXHY formula could inhibit CNV formation and development,probably by inhibiting the recruitment and attachment of BMCs into CNV area.
