Electroacupuncture preconditioning at acupoint Baihui(GV20) can reduce focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the precise protective mechanism remains unknown. Mitochondrial fission mediated by dynamin-r...Electroacupuncture preconditioning at acupoint Baihui(GV20) can reduce focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the precise protective mechanism remains unknown. Mitochondrial fission mediated by dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1) can trigger neuronal apoptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Herein, we examined the hypothesis that electroacupuncture pretreatment can regulate Drp1, and thus inhibit mitochondrial fission to provide cerebral protection. Rat models of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion at 24 hours after 5 consecutive days of preconditioning with electroacupuncture at GV20(depth 2 mm, intensity 1 m A, frequency 2/15 Hz, for 30 minutes, once a day). Neurological function was assessed using the Longa neurological deficit score. Pathological changes in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Cellular apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side was assessed by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling staining. Mitochondrial ultrastructure in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side was assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Drp1 and cytochrome c expression in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side were assessed by western blot assay. Results showed that electroacupuncture preconditioning decreased expression of total and mitochondrial Drp1, decreased expression of total and cytosolic cytochrome c, maintained mitochondrial morphology and reduced the proportion of apoptotic cells in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side, with associated improvements in neurological function. These data suggest that electroacupuncture preconditioning-induced neuronal protection involves inhibition of the expression and translocation of Drp1.展开更多
Selective brain hypothermia is considered an effective treatment for neuronal injury after stroke,and avoids the complications of general hypothermia.However,the mechanisms by which selective brain hypothermia affects...Selective brain hypothermia is considered an effective treatment for neuronal injury after stroke,and avoids the complications of general hypothermia.However,the mechanisms by which selective brain hypothermia affects mitochondrial fission remain unknown.In this study,we investigated the effect of selective brain hypothermia on the expression of fission 1 (Fis1) protein,a key factor in the mitochondrial fission system,during focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups.In the sham group,the carotid arteries were exposed only.In the other three groups,middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed using the intraluminal filament technique.After 2 hours of occlusion,the filament was slowly removed to allow blood reperfusion in the ischemia/reperfusion group.Saline,at 4℃ and 37℃,were perfused through the carotid artery in the hypothermia and normothermia groups,respectively,followed by restoration of blood flow.Neurological function was assessed with the Zea Longa 5-point scoring method.Cerebral infarct volume was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining,and apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining.Fis1 and cytosolic cytochrome c levels were assessed by western blot assay.Fis1 mRNA expression was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Mitochondrial ultrastructure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy.Compared with the sham group,apoptosis,Fis1 protein and mRNA expression and cytosolic cytochrome c levels in the cortical ischemic penumbra and cerebral infarct volume were increased after reperfusion in the other three groups.These changes caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion were inhibited in the hypothermia group compared with the normothermia group.These findings show that selective brain hypothermia inhibits Fis1 expression and reduces apoptosis,thereby ameliorating focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.Experiments were authorized by the Ethics Committee of Qingdao Municipal Hospital of China (approval No.2019008).展开更多
The pharmacokinetics of 16-dehydropregnenolone(16-DHP),a sterols compound isolated from Solanum lyratum Thunb.,was investigated in rats following a single intramuscular administration(40 mg/kg).The concentration of 16...The pharmacokinetics of 16-dehydropregnenolone(16-DHP),a sterols compound isolated from Solanum lyratum Thunb.,was investigated in rats following a single intramuscular administration(40 mg/kg).The concentration of 16-DHP in rat plasma was determined by a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method with UV detection.Levonorgestrel was used as the internal standard(IS).The pharmacokinetic parameters of 16-DHP were derived by non-compartmental method.After a single intramuscular administration,the maximum plasma concentration(Cmax)was(289±25)ng/mL,time to reach Cmax(tmax)was(0.38±0.14)h,the elimination half-life(t1/2)was(2.5±1.1)h,the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable concentration(AUC(0-t))was(544±73)ng·h/mL.The results indicated that 16-DHP was absorbed quickly and eliminated rapidly in rats after the intramuscular injection.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mature teratoma composed of all three basic germ cell layers of the head and neck is a rare disease.Teratomas involving the temporal bone are particularly scarce.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male patient with...BACKGROUND Mature teratoma composed of all three basic germ cell layers of the head and neck is a rare disease.Teratomas involving the temporal bone are particularly scarce.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male patient with a history of chronic otitis of the left ear from infancy,for which he had been operated on twice,was referred to our hospital for chronic otitis,cholesteatoma and a middle ear mass.Computed tomography(CT)scan and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed a eustachian tube teratoma,in which the anterior lower part and posterior upper part were connected by a thin membranaceous tissue.The mass was removed completely under general anesthesia by mastoidectomy.As of last follow-up(2 years post-surgery),the disease had not relapsed.CONCLUSION Pre-operative CT and MRI are necessary for eustachian tube teratoma.Complete surgical resection provided excellent prognosis.展开更多
AIM: To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodule(SPN) in China. METHODS: Decision analysis models were constructed to assess the cost-effectiveness of four strategies for the manage...AIM: To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodule(SPN) in China. METHODS: Decision analysis models were constructed to assess the cost-effectiveness of four strategies for the management of SPN: computed tomography(CT) alone, CT plus CT-guided automated cutting needle biopsy(ACNB), CT plus positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT), CT plus diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging(DWI) plus PET/CT. RESULTS: The prevalence of lung cancer among SPN discovered in the clinical setting was approximately 50%. The CT plus ACNB strategy had higher diagnostic accuracies(87% vs 81%), with a cost saving of $1945 RMB per patient, and reducing unnecessary thoracotomy by 16.5%; this was associated with a 4.5% missed diagnosis rate. CT plus DWI plus PET/CT strategy also had higher accuracies(95% vs 81%), with a cost saving of $590 RMB per patient, and reducing unneces-sary thoracotomy by 13.5%; this was accompanied by 0.3% missed diagnosis rate. CT plus PET strategy is cost effective at a prevalence rate of 0-34%, but there was a larger prevalence range of lung cancer for CT plus ACNB strategy(from 0 to 0.6) and CT plus DWI plus PET/CT strategy(from 0 to 0.64). CONCLUSION: CT plus DWI plus PET/CT strategy was cost-effective, and had a higher accuracy accompanied by a lower missed diagnosis rate than CT plus ACNB strategy.展开更多
The WNW-ESE-trending Baiyunshan ophiolitic mélange is exposed in the central Beishan orogenic belt(BOB),between the Hongliuhe-Niujuanzi and Xichangjing ophiolitic mélanges in the west and east,respectively.H...The WNW-ESE-trending Baiyunshan ophiolitic mélange is exposed in the central Beishan orogenic belt(BOB),between the Hongliuhe-Niujuanzi and Xichangjing ophiolitic mélanges in the west and east,respectively.Here we present new petrological,geochemical,and zircon U-Pb age data for the Baiyunshan ophiolitic mélange and metamorphosed lithic sandstones of“the Baiyunshan Formation”.The Baiyunshan ophiolitic mélange is characterized by a block-in-matrix structure,and the blocks of ultramafic-mafic rocks are mainly pyroxenites,dunites,gabbros,and minor hornblendites.Zircon U-Pb dating yielded an emplacement age of 424.2±3.7 Ma for the gabbros.The ultramaficmafic rocks have geochemical features of supra-subduction zone-type ophiolites,including low Ti contents(TiO2=0.01 wt.%–0.35 wt.%),negative Nb-Ta anomalies,and U-shaped rare earth element patterns with positive Eu anomalies(δEu=0.99–3.25).“The Baiyunshan Formation”is exposed to the north of the ophiolitic mélange,and comprises mainly meta-cherts in its lower part and metasandstones and marbles in its upper part.Blocks of basalt are locally dispersed in the sand-slate matrix.The ages of detrital zircons in the metamorphosed lithic sandstones range from 521 to 464 Ma,with an age peak of 500 Ma,which is similar to those of the Gongpoquan arc in the north.The central Beishan orogenic belt experienced continuous subduction of the Hongliuhe-Xichangjing oceanic lithosphere in the Late Silurian,which produced the Baiyunshan forearc complex and supra-subduction zone-type ophiolite.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.ZR2015HM023a grant from the Science and Technology Plan Project of Shinan District of Qingdao City of China,No.2016-3-029-YY
文摘Electroacupuncture preconditioning at acupoint Baihui(GV20) can reduce focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the precise protective mechanism remains unknown. Mitochondrial fission mediated by dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1) can trigger neuronal apoptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Herein, we examined the hypothesis that electroacupuncture pretreatment can regulate Drp1, and thus inhibit mitochondrial fission to provide cerebral protection. Rat models of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion at 24 hours after 5 consecutive days of preconditioning with electroacupuncture at GV20(depth 2 mm, intensity 1 m A, frequency 2/15 Hz, for 30 minutes, once a day). Neurological function was assessed using the Longa neurological deficit score. Pathological changes in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Cellular apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side was assessed by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling staining. Mitochondrial ultrastructure in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side was assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Drp1 and cytochrome c expression in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side were assessed by western blot assay. Results showed that electroacupuncture preconditioning decreased expression of total and mitochondrial Drp1, decreased expression of total and cytosolic cytochrome c, maintained mitochondrial morphology and reduced the proportion of apoptotic cells in the ischemic penumbra on the injury side, with associated improvements in neurological function. These data suggest that electroacupuncture preconditioning-induced neuronal protection involves inhibition of the expression and translocation of Drp1.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.ZR2015HM023(to MSW)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Qingdao City of China,No.19-6-1-50-nsh(to MSW)
文摘Selective brain hypothermia is considered an effective treatment for neuronal injury after stroke,and avoids the complications of general hypothermia.However,the mechanisms by which selective brain hypothermia affects mitochondrial fission remain unknown.In this study,we investigated the effect of selective brain hypothermia on the expression of fission 1 (Fis1) protein,a key factor in the mitochondrial fission system,during focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups.In the sham group,the carotid arteries were exposed only.In the other three groups,middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed using the intraluminal filament technique.After 2 hours of occlusion,the filament was slowly removed to allow blood reperfusion in the ischemia/reperfusion group.Saline,at 4℃ and 37℃,were perfused through the carotid artery in the hypothermia and normothermia groups,respectively,followed by restoration of blood flow.Neurological function was assessed with the Zea Longa 5-point scoring method.Cerebral infarct volume was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining,and apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining.Fis1 and cytosolic cytochrome c levels were assessed by western blot assay.Fis1 mRNA expression was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Mitochondrial ultrastructure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy.Compared with the sham group,apoptosis,Fis1 protein and mRNA expression and cytosolic cytochrome c levels in the cortical ischemic penumbra and cerebral infarct volume were increased after reperfusion in the other three groups.These changes caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion were inhibited in the hypothermia group compared with the normothermia group.These findings show that selective brain hypothermia inhibits Fis1 expression and reduces apoptosis,thereby ameliorating focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.Experiments were authorized by the Ethics Committee of Qingdao Municipal Hospital of China (approval No.2019008).
基金supported by the Science and Technolog Department of Liaoning Province(No.2007226011)Shenyang Office of Science and Technology(No.10711649-00)
文摘The pharmacokinetics of 16-dehydropregnenolone(16-DHP),a sterols compound isolated from Solanum lyratum Thunb.,was investigated in rats following a single intramuscular administration(40 mg/kg).The concentration of 16-DHP in rat plasma was determined by a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method with UV detection.Levonorgestrel was used as the internal standard(IS).The pharmacokinetic parameters of 16-DHP were derived by non-compartmental method.After a single intramuscular administration,the maximum plasma concentration(Cmax)was(289±25)ng/mL,time to reach Cmax(tmax)was(0.38±0.14)h,the elimination half-life(t1/2)was(2.5±1.1)h,the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable concentration(AUC(0-t))was(544±73)ng·h/mL.The results indicated that 16-DHP was absorbed quickly and eliminated rapidly in rats after the intramuscular injection.
基金Shandong Province Key Research and Development Program Project,No.2018GSF118041Shandong Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Plan,No.2017WS740.
文摘BACKGROUND Mature teratoma composed of all three basic germ cell layers of the head and neck is a rare disease.Teratomas involving the temporal bone are particularly scarce.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male patient with a history of chronic otitis of the left ear from infancy,for which he had been operated on twice,was referred to our hospital for chronic otitis,cholesteatoma and a middle ear mass.Computed tomography(CT)scan and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed a eustachian tube teratoma,in which the anterior lower part and posterior upper part were connected by a thin membranaceous tissue.The mass was removed completely under general anesthesia by mastoidectomy.As of last follow-up(2 years post-surgery),the disease had not relapsed.CONCLUSION Pre-operative CT and MRI are necessary for eustachian tube teratoma.Complete surgical resection provided excellent prognosis.
文摘AIM: To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodule(SPN) in China. METHODS: Decision analysis models were constructed to assess the cost-effectiveness of four strategies for the management of SPN: computed tomography(CT) alone, CT plus CT-guided automated cutting needle biopsy(ACNB), CT plus positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT), CT plus diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging(DWI) plus PET/CT. RESULTS: The prevalence of lung cancer among SPN discovered in the clinical setting was approximately 50%. The CT plus ACNB strategy had higher diagnostic accuracies(87% vs 81%), with a cost saving of $1945 RMB per patient, and reducing unnecessary thoracotomy by 16.5%; this was associated with a 4.5% missed diagnosis rate. CT plus DWI plus PET/CT strategy also had higher accuracies(95% vs 81%), with a cost saving of $590 RMB per patient, and reducing unneces-sary thoracotomy by 13.5%; this was accompanied by 0.3% missed diagnosis rate. CT plus PET strategy is cost effective at a prevalence rate of 0-34%, but there was a larger prevalence range of lung cancer for CT plus ACNB strategy(from 0 to 0.6) and CT plus DWI plus PET/CT strategy(from 0 to 0.64). CONCLUSION: CT plus DWI plus PET/CT strategy was cost-effective, and had a higher accuracy accompanied by a lower missed diagnosis rate than CT plus ACNB strategy.
基金supported by the Geological Survey of China(Nos.DD20160039,DD20190038)。
文摘The WNW-ESE-trending Baiyunshan ophiolitic mélange is exposed in the central Beishan orogenic belt(BOB),between the Hongliuhe-Niujuanzi and Xichangjing ophiolitic mélanges in the west and east,respectively.Here we present new petrological,geochemical,and zircon U-Pb age data for the Baiyunshan ophiolitic mélange and metamorphosed lithic sandstones of“the Baiyunshan Formation”.The Baiyunshan ophiolitic mélange is characterized by a block-in-matrix structure,and the blocks of ultramafic-mafic rocks are mainly pyroxenites,dunites,gabbros,and minor hornblendites.Zircon U-Pb dating yielded an emplacement age of 424.2±3.7 Ma for the gabbros.The ultramaficmafic rocks have geochemical features of supra-subduction zone-type ophiolites,including low Ti contents(TiO2=0.01 wt.%–0.35 wt.%),negative Nb-Ta anomalies,and U-shaped rare earth element patterns with positive Eu anomalies(δEu=0.99–3.25).“The Baiyunshan Formation”is exposed to the north of the ophiolitic mélange,and comprises mainly meta-cherts in its lower part and metasandstones and marbles in its upper part.Blocks of basalt are locally dispersed in the sand-slate matrix.The ages of detrital zircons in the metamorphosed lithic sandstones range from 521 to 464 Ma,with an age peak of 500 Ma,which is similar to those of the Gongpoquan arc in the north.The central Beishan orogenic belt experienced continuous subduction of the Hongliuhe-Xichangjing oceanic lithosphere in the Late Silurian,which produced the Baiyunshan forearc complex and supra-subduction zone-type ophiolite.
