The great Sanhe-Pinggu M8 earthquake occurred in 1679 was the largest surface rupture event recorded in history in the northern part of North China plain. This study determines the fault geometry of this earthquake by...The great Sanhe-Pinggu M8 earthquake occurred in 1679 was the largest surface rupture event recorded in history in the northern part of North China plain. This study determines the fault geometry of this earthquake by inverting seismological data of present-day moderate-small earthquakes in the focal area. We relocated those earthquakes with the double-difference method.Based on the assumption that clustered small earthquakes often occur in the vicinity of fault plane of large earthquake, and referring to the morphology of the long axis of the isoseismal line obtained by the predecessors, we selected a strip-shaped zone from the relocated earthquake catalog in the period from 1980 to 2009 to invert fault plane parameters of this earthquake. The inversion results are as follows: the strike is 38.23°, the dip angle is 82.54°,the slip angle is-156.08°, the fault length is about 80 km,the lower-boundary depth is about 23 km and the buried depth of upper boundary is about 3 km. This shows that the seismogenic fault is a NNE-trending normal dip-slip fault,southeast wall downward and northwest wall uplift, with the right-lateral strike-slip component. Moreover, the surface rupture zone, intensity distribution of the earthquake and seismic-wave velocity profile in the focal area all verified our study result.展开更多
The paper investigated the equivalent continuum modeling of beam-like repetitive truss structures considering the flexibility of joints,which models the contact between the truss member and joint by spring-damper with...The paper investigated the equivalent continuum modeling of beam-like repetitive truss structures considering the flexibility of joints,which models the contact between the truss member and joint by spring-damper with six directional stiffnesses and dampings.Firstly,a two-node hybrid joint-beam element was derived for modeling the truss member with flexible end joints,and a condensed model for the repeating element with flexible joints was obtained.Then,the energy equivalence method was adopted to equivalently model the truss structure with flexible joints and material damping as a spatial viscoelastic anisotropic beam model.Afterwards,the equations of motion for the equivalent beam model were derived and solved analytically in the frequency domain.In the numerical studies,the correctness of the presented method was verified by comparisons of the natural frequencies and frequency responses evaluated by the equivalent beam model with the results of the finite element method model.展开更多
New chemistries are being developed to increase the capacity and power of rechargeable batteries. However, the risk of safety issues increases when high-energy batteries using highly active materials encounter harsh o...New chemistries are being developed to increase the capacity and power of rechargeable batteries. However, the risk of safety issues increases when high-energy batteries using highly active materials encounter harsh operating conditions. Here we report on the synthesis of a unique ionogel electrolyte for abuse-tolerant lithium batteries. A hierarchically architected silica/polymer scaffold is designed and fabricated through a facile soft chemistry route, which is competent to confine ionic liquids with superior uptake ability (92.4 wt%). The monolithic ionogel exhibits high conductivity and thermal/mechanical stability, featuring high-temperature elastic modulus and dendrite-free lithium cycling. The Li/LiFePO_(4) pouch cells achieve outstanding cyclability at different temperatures up to 150 ℃, and can sustain cutting, crumpling, and even coupled thermal–mechanical abuses. Moreover, the solid-state lithium batteries with LiNi_(0.60)Co_(0.20)Mn_(0.20)O_(2), LiNi_(0.80)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2), and Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_(2) cathodes demonstrate excellent cycle performances at 60 ℃. These results indicate that the resilient and high-conductivity ionogel electrolyte is promising to realize high-performance lithium batteries with high energy density and safety.展开更多
Owing to sluggish ionic mobility at low temperatures, supercapacitors, as well as other energy-storage devices, always suffer from severe capacity decay and even failure under extreme low-temperature circumstances. So...Owing to sluggish ionic mobility at low temperatures, supercapacitors, as well as other energy-storage devices, always suffer from severe capacity decay and even failure under extreme low-temperature circumstances. Solar-thermal-enabled self-heating promises an attractive approach to overcome this issue.Here, we report a unique H-bonding charge-transfer complex with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 79.5% at 405 nm based on chloranilic acid and albendazole. Integrated with a microsupercapacitor, the chloranilic acid-albendazole complex(CAC) film prompts an apparent temperature increase of 22.7 °C under 1 sun illumination at-32.6 °C, effectively elevating the working temperature of devices.As a result, the rate capability of the microsupercapacitor has been significantly improved with a 17-fold increase in capacitance at a current density of 60 μA cm^(-2), leading to outstanding low-temperature performances. Importantly, the integrated device is capable of working at a low temperature of-30 °C in the open air, which demonstrates the potential of CAC in practical applications for low-temperature ultracapacitive energy-storage devices.展开更多
Based on butterfly microfluidic gene chip technology,a method for rapid,accurate and efficient detection of 19 common pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection was established,and a butterfly microfluidic gene...Based on butterfly microfluidic gene chip technology,a method for rapid,accurate and efficient detection of 19 common pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection was established,and a butterfly microfluidic gene chip with high-throughput detection was designed and fabricated.Using constant temperature amplification technology,using the polymerase with chain replacement function to react at constant temperature(65℃)and combined with microfluidic chip technology,primers were designed according to the target genes of 19 pathogenic microorganisms,and a butterfly microfluidic gene chip which can detect 19 common pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection was made to simplify the inspection operation process and verify the sensitivity of the chip.The butterfly microfluidic gene chip can be used for the rapid and efficient detection of 19 common pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection,and provides a new idea for the detection and auxiliary diagnosis of pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection.展开更多
Multiple sclerosis(MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system(CNS), with focal T lymphocytic infiltration and damage of myelin and axons. The underlying mechanism of pathogenesis remains unclear and th...Multiple sclerosis(MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system(CNS), with focal T lymphocytic infiltration and damage of myelin and axons. The underlying mechanism of pathogenesis remains unclear and there are currently no effective treatments. The development of neural stem cell(NSC) transplantation provides a promising strategy to treat neurodegenerative disease. However, the limited availability of NSCs prevents their application in neural disease therapy. In this study, we generated NSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) and transplanted these cells into mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE), a model of MS. The results showed that transplantation of iPSC-derived NSCs dramatically reduced T cell infiltration and ameliorated white matter damage in the treated EAE mice. Correspondingly, the disease symptom score was greatly decreased, and motor ability was dramatically rescued in the iPSC-NSC-treated EAE mice, indicating the effectiveness of using iPSC-NSCs to treat MS. Our study provides pre-clinical evidence to support the feasibility of treating MS by transplantation of iPSC-derived NSCs.展开更多
Blastocyst complementation by pluripotent stem cell(PSC)injection is believed to be the most promising method to generate xenogeneic organs.However,ethical issues prevent the study of human chimeras in the late embryo...Blastocyst complementation by pluripotent stem cell(PSC)injection is believed to be the most promising method to generate xenogeneic organs.However,ethical issues prevent the study of human chimeras in the late embryonic stage of development.Primate embryonic stem cells(ESCs),which have similar pluripotency to human ESCs,are a good model for studying interspecies chimerism and organ generation.However,whether primate ESCs can be used in xenogenous grafts remains unclear.In this study,we evaluated the chimeric ability of cynomolgus monkey(Macaca fascicularis)ESCs(cmESCs)in pigs,which are excellent hosts because of their many similarities to humans.We report an optimized culture medium that enhanced the anti-apoptotic ability of cmESCs and improved the development of chimeric embryos,in which domesticated cmESCs(D-ESCs)injected into pig blastocysts differentiated into cells of all three germ layers.In addition,we obtained two neonatal interspecies chimeras,in which we observed tissue-specific D-ESC differentiation.Taken together,the results demonstrate the capability of D-ESCs to integrate and differentiate into functional cells in a porcine model,with a chimeric ratio of 0.001-0.0001 in different neonate tissues.We believe this work will facilitate future developments in xenogeneic organogenesis,bringing us one step closer to producing tissue-specific functional cells and organs in a large animal model through interspecies blastocyst complementation.展开更多
Epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)by overexpression of defined factors holds great promise for disease modeling and regenerative medicine(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006;...Epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)by overexpression of defined factors holds great promise for disease modeling and regenerative medicine(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006;Robinton and Daley,2012).However,the stochastic reprogramming process often results in variable pluripotency levels of i PSC lines as measured by their in vivo developmental potential,展开更多
The generation of induced pturipotent stem cells (iPSCs)offers a great opportunity in research and regenerative medicine.The current poor efficiency and incomplete mechanistic understanding of the reprogramming proces...The generation of induced pturipotent stem cells (iPSCs)offers a great opportunity in research and regenerative medicine.The current poor efficiency and incomplete mechanistic understanding of the reprogramming process hamper the clinical application of iPSCs. MeCP2 connects histone modification and DNA methyiation,which are key changes of somatic cell reprogramming.However,the rote of MeCP2 in celt reprogramming has not been examined.In this study,we found that MeCP2 deficiency enhanced reprogramming efficiency and stimulated cell proliferation through regulating cell cycle protein expression in the earLy stage of reprogramming.MeCP2 deficiency enhanced the expression of ribosomal protein genes,thereby enhancing reprogramming efficiency through promoting the translation of ceLl cycle genes.In the end,MeCP2 deficiency stimulated IGF1/AKT/mTOR signaling and activated ribosomal protein gene expression.Taken together,our data indicate that MeCP2 deficiency promoted cell reprogramming through stimulating IGF1/AKT/mTOR signaling and activating ribosomal protein-mediated cell cycle gene translation in the early stage of reprogramming.展开更多
The regeneration of the injured nerve and recovery of its function have brought attention in the medical field. Electrical stimulation(ES) can enhance the cellular biological behavior and has been widely studied in th...The regeneration of the injured nerve and recovery of its function have brought attention in the medical field. Electrical stimulation(ES) can enhance the cellular biological behavior and has been widely studied in the treatment of neurological diseases. Microfluidic technology can provide a cell culture platform with the well-controlled environment. Here a novel microfluidic/microelectrode composite microdevice was developed by embedding the microelectrodes to the microfluidic platform, in which microfluidics provided a controlled cell culture platform, and ES promoted the NSCs proliferation. We performed ES on rat neural stem cells(NSCs) to observe the effect on their growth, differentiation, proliferation, and preliminary explored the ES influence on cells in vitro. The results of immunofluorescence showed that ES had no significant effect on the NSCs specific expression, and the NSCs specific expression reached 98.9%± 0.4% after three days of ES. In addition, ES significantly promoted cell growth and the cell proliferation rate reached 49.41%. To conclude, the microfluidic/microelectrode composite microdevice can play a positive role in the nerve injury repair and fundamental research of neurological diseases.展开更多
Background:Poultry production cluster(PPC)programs are key strategies in many Asian countries to engage small commercial poultry producers in high-value production chains and to control infectious poultry diseases.Thi...Background:Poultry production cluster(PPC)programs are key strategies in many Asian countries to engage small commercial poultry producers in high-value production chains and to control infectious poultry diseases.This study assessed the multiple impacts of PPCs through a transdisciplinary ecohealth approach in four Asian countries,and drew the implications for small producers to improve their livelihoods and reduce the risk of spreading infectious diseases in the poultry sector.Methods:The data collection combined both quantitative and qualitative methods.It comprised:formal structured household survey questionnaires,measuring the biosecurity level of poultry farms with a biosecurity score card;and key informant interviews.Descriptive statistics were used to process the quantitative data and a content analysis was used to process the qualitative data.Results:This research found that poultry farms in clusters do not necessarily have better economic performance than those outside PPCs.Many farmers in PPCs only consider them to be an advantage for expanding the scale of their poultry operations and improving household incomes,and they are less concerned about-and have limited capacities to-enhancing biosecurity and environmental management.We measured the biosecurity level of farms in PPCs through a 14-item checklist and found that biosecurity is generally very low across all sample sites.The increased flies,mosquitoes,rats,and smells in and around PPCs not only pollute the environment,but also cause social conflicts with the surrounding communities.Conclusion:This research concluded that a poultry cluster,mainly driven by economic objectives,is not necessarily a superior model for the control of infectious diseases.The level of biosecurity in PPCs was found to be low.Given the intensity of poultry operations in PPCs(farms are densely packed into clusters),and the close proximity to residential areas of some PPCs,the risk of spreading infectious diseases,in fact,increases.Good management and collective action for implementing biosecurity measures are key for small producers in PPCs to address common challenges and pursue health-based animal production practices.展开更多
As a new type of green low-carbon engineered wood product,cross-laminated timber(CLT)is widely used in various types of wooden buildings in Europe and North America,and the number of high-rise wood construction is als...As a new type of green low-carbon engineered wood product,cross-laminated timber(CLT)is widely used in various types of wooden buildings in Europe and North America,and the number of high-rise wood construction is also increasing.Based on the introduction of the structural characteristics of the CLT and the development status of the CLT in developed countries,this paper focused on the review of the status of research and development of the CLT in China,with an emphasis on the breakthrough technologies of new bamboo-wood composite CLT developed.Finally,the prospects of the CLT in China were discussed.展开更多
Introducing a combination of transcription factors such as Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc(OSKM)enables reprogramming which converts somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006).i PS...Introducing a combination of transcription factors such as Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc(OSKM)enables reprogramming which converts somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006).i PSCs play an important role in clinical and regenerative medicine because they can be utilized to model a specific disease or differentiate into functional cells for transplantation.Enhancing the efficiency of induction展开更多
Edible fungi are rich in nutrition,but they are susceptible to spoilage,and often prolonged by drying.RF and microwave energy drying have the advantages of short drying time,high energy efficiency and good process con...Edible fungi are rich in nutrition,but they are susceptible to spoilage,and often prolonged by drying.RF and microwave energy drying have the advantages of short drying time,high energy efficiency and good process control.However,to develop an effective dielectric drying method,it is important to understand dielectric properties,the major factor characterizing the interaction between the electromagnetic energy and the food.At present,there is a lack of research on dielectric properties of edible fungi.In this study,a vector network analyzer and an open-ended coaxial-line probe were employed to measure the dielectric parameters.The dielectric parameters were observed at different temperatures(25–85°C)for edible fungi powder with moisture content ranging from 5 to 30%wet basis over a frequency range of 1–3000 MHz.The relationship between the dielectric properties and frequency,temperature,and moisture content were obtained via regression analysis.Further,the dielectric penetration depth was calculated,and the effects of frequency,moisture content,and temperature on the penetration depth were also analyzed.The results showed that the dielectric properties of edible fungi powder increased with an increase in moisture content and temperature,while they decreased with increasing frequency.At high moisture content and temperature,the increase in dielectric properties was slightly larger than that at low moisture content and temperature.The dielectric properties changed more evidently at lower radio frequencies than at higher radio frequencies.The penetration depth decreased with an increase in temperature,moisture content,and frequency.It can be concluded that a large penetration depth at radio frequencies below 100 MHz could be used to dry edible fungi on a large scale,whereas microwave energy could be employed for drying edible fungi on a small scale.展开更多
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91214201 and 41074072)Research Foundation of Science and Technology Plan Project in Hebei Province(12276903D)
文摘The great Sanhe-Pinggu M8 earthquake occurred in 1679 was the largest surface rupture event recorded in history in the northern part of North China plain. This study determines the fault geometry of this earthquake by inverting seismological data of present-day moderate-small earthquakes in the focal area. We relocated those earthquakes with the double-difference method.Based on the assumption that clustered small earthquakes often occur in the vicinity of fault plane of large earthquake, and referring to the morphology of the long axis of the isoseismal line obtained by the predecessors, we selected a strip-shaped zone from the relocated earthquake catalog in the period from 1980 to 2009 to invert fault plane parameters of this earthquake. The inversion results are as follows: the strike is 38.23°, the dip angle is 82.54°,the slip angle is-156.08°, the fault length is about 80 km,the lower-boundary depth is about 23 km and the buried depth of upper boundary is about 3 km. This shows that the seismogenic fault is a NNE-trending normal dip-slip fault,southeast wall downward and northwest wall uplift, with the right-lateral strike-slip component. Moreover, the surface rupture zone, intensity distribution of the earthquake and seismic-wave velocity profile in the focal area all verified our study result.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 11702146,11732006 and 11827801)the Equipment Pre-research Foundation(Grant 6140210010202).
文摘The paper investigated the equivalent continuum modeling of beam-like repetitive truss structures considering the flexibility of joints,which models the contact between the truss member and joint by spring-damper with six directional stiffnesses and dampings.Firstly,a two-node hybrid joint-beam element was derived for modeling the truss member with flexible end joints,and a condensed model for the repeating element with flexible joints was obtained.Then,the energy equivalence method was adopted to equivalently model the truss structure with flexible joints and material damping as a spatial viscoelastic anisotropic beam model.Afterwards,the equations of motion for the equivalent beam model were derived and solved analytically in the frequency domain.In the numerical studies,the correctness of the presented method was verified by comparisons of the natural frequencies and frequency responses evaluated by the equivalent beam model with the results of the finite element method model.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51972132.51772116 and 52002141)the Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team(2016QYTD04).The authors thank the Analytical and Testing Center of HUST for DMA,TGA measurements,etc.
文摘New chemistries are being developed to increase the capacity and power of rechargeable batteries. However, the risk of safety issues increases when high-energy batteries using highly active materials encounter harsh operating conditions. Here we report on the synthesis of a unique ionogel electrolyte for abuse-tolerant lithium batteries. A hierarchically architected silica/polymer scaffold is designed and fabricated through a facile soft chemistry route, which is competent to confine ionic liquids with superior uptake ability (92.4 wt%). The monolithic ionogel exhibits high conductivity and thermal/mechanical stability, featuring high-temperature elastic modulus and dendrite-free lithium cycling. The Li/LiFePO_(4) pouch cells achieve outstanding cyclability at different temperatures up to 150 ℃, and can sustain cutting, crumpling, and even coupled thermal–mechanical abuses. Moreover, the solid-state lithium batteries with LiNi_(0.60)Co_(0.20)Mn_(0.20)O_(2), LiNi_(0.80)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2), and Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)Co_(0.13)O_(2) cathodes demonstrate excellent cycle performances at 60 ℃. These results indicate that the resilient and high-conductivity ionogel electrolyte is promising to realize high-performance lithium batteries with high energy density and safety.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51772116 and 51972132)Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team (2016QYTD04)。
文摘Owing to sluggish ionic mobility at low temperatures, supercapacitors, as well as other energy-storage devices, always suffer from severe capacity decay and even failure under extreme low-temperature circumstances. Solar-thermal-enabled self-heating promises an attractive approach to overcome this issue.Here, we report a unique H-bonding charge-transfer complex with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 79.5% at 405 nm based on chloranilic acid and albendazole. Integrated with a microsupercapacitor, the chloranilic acid-albendazole complex(CAC) film prompts an apparent temperature increase of 22.7 °C under 1 sun illumination at-32.6 °C, effectively elevating the working temperature of devices.As a result, the rate capability of the microsupercapacitor has been significantly improved with a 17-fold increase in capacitance at a current density of 60 μA cm^(-2), leading to outstanding low-temperature performances. Importantly, the integrated device is capable of working at a low temperature of-30 °C in the open air, which demonstrates the potential of CAC in practical applications for low-temperature ultracapacitive energy-storage devices.
基金Key Research and Development Plan Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Project No.:2019BEG03026)Ningxia Overseas Returnees Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(Project No.:2017-659)+2 种基金Ningxia Key Research and Development Plan Project(Project No.2018BFG02017)Ningxia Medical University Young Backbone Talents Training Program School-level Academic Technology Leader Reserve Cultivation ObjectFirst-Class Discipline Construction Founded Project of Ningxia Medical University and the School of Clinical Medicine(No.NXYLXK2017A05).
文摘Based on butterfly microfluidic gene chip technology,a method for rapid,accurate and efficient detection of 19 common pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection was established,and a butterfly microfluidic gene chip with high-throughput detection was designed and fabricated.Using constant temperature amplification technology,using the polymerase with chain replacement function to react at constant temperature(65℃)and combined with microfluidic chip technology,primers were designed according to the target genes of 19 pathogenic microorganisms,and a butterfly microfluidic gene chip which can detect 19 common pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection was made to simplify the inspection operation process and verify the sensitivity of the chip.The butterfly microfluidic gene chip can be used for the rapid and efficient detection of 19 common pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection,and provides a new idea for the detection and auxiliary diagnosis of pathogenic microorganisms of nosocomial infection.
基金supported by the China National Basic Research Program(2013CB966901,2012CBA01303)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA01040108)+1 种基金National Thousand Young Talents Program to Tongbiao Zhaothe National Natural Science Foundation of China Program((31271592,31570995)to Tongbiao Zhao,(31400831)to Jiani Cao)
文摘Multiple sclerosis(MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system(CNS), with focal T lymphocytic infiltration and damage of myelin and axons. The underlying mechanism of pathogenesis remains unclear and there are currently no effective treatments. The development of neural stem cell(NSC) transplantation provides a promising strategy to treat neurodegenerative disease. However, the limited availability of NSCs prevents their application in neural disease therapy. In this study, we generated NSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) and transplanted these cells into mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE), a model of MS. The results showed that transplantation of iPSC-derived NSCs dramatically reduced T cell infiltration and ameliorated white matter damage in the treated EAE mice. Correspondingly, the disease symptom score was greatly decreased, and motor ability was dramatically rescued in the iPSC-NSC-treated EAE mice, indicating the effectiveness of using iPSC-NSCs to treat MS. Our study provides pre-clinical evidence to support the feasibility of treating MS by transplantation of iPSC-derived NSCs.
基金This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA16030400 to W.L.)the National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFA0100202 and 2017YFA0104401 to T.H.,2018YFA0109701 to R.F.)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31621004 to Q.Z.and W.L.,31571533 to H.W.,and 31701286 to G.F.)the Key Research Projects of the Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDY-SSWSMC002 to Q.Z.).
文摘Blastocyst complementation by pluripotent stem cell(PSC)injection is believed to be the most promising method to generate xenogeneic organs.However,ethical issues prevent the study of human chimeras in the late embryonic stage of development.Primate embryonic stem cells(ESCs),which have similar pluripotency to human ESCs,are a good model for studying interspecies chimerism and organ generation.However,whether primate ESCs can be used in xenogenous grafts remains unclear.In this study,we evaluated the chimeric ability of cynomolgus monkey(Macaca fascicularis)ESCs(cmESCs)in pigs,which are excellent hosts because of their many similarities to humans.We report an optimized culture medium that enhanced the anti-apoptotic ability of cmESCs and improved the development of chimeric embryos,in which domesticated cmESCs(D-ESCs)injected into pig blastocysts differentiated into cells of all three germ layers.In addition,we obtained two neonatal interspecies chimeras,in which we observed tissue-specific D-ESC differentiation.Taken together,the results demonstrate the capability of D-ESCs to integrate and differentiate into functional cells in a porcine model,with a chimeric ratio of 0.001-0.0001 in different neonate tissues.We believe this work will facilitate future developments in xenogeneic organogenesis,bringing us one step closer to producing tissue-specific functional cells and organs in a large animal model through interspecies blastocyst complementation.
基金supported by the grants from the "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA01020100 to Q.Z.)the China National Basic Research Program (No. 2012CBA01300 to Q.Z.)the National Science Foundation of China (No. 91319308 to Q.Z.,31201105 to L.L. and 31371516 to W.L.)
文摘Epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)by overexpression of defined factors holds great promise for disease modeling and regenerative medicine(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006;Robinton and Daley,2012).However,the stochastic reprogramming process often results in variable pluripotency levels of i PSC lines as measured by their in vivo developmental potential,
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471395 to Q.Z.)the Key Research Projects of the Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (QYZDY- SSW-SMCO02)the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB964903).
文摘The generation of induced pturipotent stem cells (iPSCs)offers a great opportunity in research and regenerative medicine.The current poor efficiency and incomplete mechanistic understanding of the reprogramming process hamper the clinical application of iPSCs. MeCP2 connects histone modification and DNA methyiation,which are key changes of somatic cell reprogramming.However,the rote of MeCP2 in celt reprogramming has not been examined.In this study,we found that MeCP2 deficiency enhanced reprogramming efficiency and stimulated cell proliferation through regulating cell cycle protein expression in the earLy stage of reprogramming.MeCP2 deficiency enhanced the expression of ribosomal protein genes,thereby enhancing reprogramming efficiency through promoting the translation of ceLl cycle genes.In the end,MeCP2 deficiency stimulated IGF1/AKT/mTOR signaling and activated ribosomal protein gene expression.Taken together,our data indicate that MeCP2 deficiency promoted cell reprogramming through stimulating IGF1/AKT/mTOR signaling and activating ribosomal protein-mediated cell cycle gene translation in the early stage of reprogramming.
基金financially supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Projects of the Beijing Education Commission (No.KZ201910005009)。
文摘The regeneration of the injured nerve and recovery of its function have brought attention in the medical field. Electrical stimulation(ES) can enhance the cellular biological behavior and has been widely studied in the treatment of neurological diseases. Microfluidic technology can provide a cell culture platform with the well-controlled environment. Here a novel microfluidic/microelectrode composite microdevice was developed by embedding the microelectrodes to the microfluidic platform, in which microfluidics provided a controlled cell culture platform, and ES promoted the NSCs proliferation. We performed ES on rat neural stem cells(NSCs) to observe the effect on their growth, differentiation, proliferation, and preliminary explored the ES influence on cells in vitro. The results of immunofluorescence showed that ES had no significant effect on the NSCs specific expression, and the NSCs specific expression reached 98.9%± 0.4% after three days of ES. In addition, ES significantly promoted cell growth and the cell proliferation rate reached 49.41%. To conclude, the microfluidic/microelectrode composite microdevice can play a positive role in the nerve injury repair and fundamental research of neurological diseases.
基金This research was funded by the Ecohealth Emerging Infectious Diseases Initiative(EcoEID),which is a CA$8.9 million global effort funded by Canada’s International Development Research Centre,Foreign Affairs,Trade and Development Canada(through the Global Health Research Initiative) and the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
文摘Background:Poultry production cluster(PPC)programs are key strategies in many Asian countries to engage small commercial poultry producers in high-value production chains and to control infectious poultry diseases.This study assessed the multiple impacts of PPCs through a transdisciplinary ecohealth approach in four Asian countries,and drew the implications for small producers to improve their livelihoods and reduce the risk of spreading infectious diseases in the poultry sector.Methods:The data collection combined both quantitative and qualitative methods.It comprised:formal structured household survey questionnaires,measuring the biosecurity level of poultry farms with a biosecurity score card;and key informant interviews.Descriptive statistics were used to process the quantitative data and a content analysis was used to process the qualitative data.Results:This research found that poultry farms in clusters do not necessarily have better economic performance than those outside PPCs.Many farmers in PPCs only consider them to be an advantage for expanding the scale of their poultry operations and improving household incomes,and they are less concerned about-and have limited capacities to-enhancing biosecurity and environmental management.We measured the biosecurity level of farms in PPCs through a 14-item checklist and found that biosecurity is generally very low across all sample sites.The increased flies,mosquitoes,rats,and smells in and around PPCs not only pollute the environment,but also cause social conflicts with the surrounding communities.Conclusion:This research concluded that a poultry cluster,mainly driven by economic objectives,is not necessarily a superior model for the control of infectious diseases.The level of biosecurity in PPCs was found to be low.Given the intensity of poultry operations in PPCs(farms are densely packed into clusters),and the close proximity to residential areas of some PPCs,the risk of spreading infectious diseases,in fact,increases.Good management and collective action for implementing biosecurity measures are key for small producers in PPCs to address common challenges and pursue health-based animal production practices.
基金the science project of JSCAF(No.2017KJ04)Natural Science Research General Project of Jiangsu Province(No.16KJD220001)+1 种基金It was also supported by Ningbo Science Research Project of Social Development(No.2017C510004)Postdoctoral Research Funding Program of Jiangsu Province(No.2018K121C).
文摘As a new type of green low-carbon engineered wood product,cross-laminated timber(CLT)is widely used in various types of wooden buildings in Europe and North America,and the number of high-rise wood construction is also increasing.Based on the introduction of the structural characteristics of the CLT and the development status of the CLT in developed countries,this paper focused on the review of the status of research and development of the CLT in China,with an emphasis on the breakthrough technologies of new bamboo-wood composite CLT developed.Finally,the prospects of the CLT in China were discussed.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA01020102)the grant from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81225004)
文摘Introducing a combination of transcription factors such as Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc(OSKM)enables reprogramming which converts somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs)(Takahashi and Yamanaka,2006).i PSCs play an important role in clinical and regenerative medicine because they can be utilized to model a specific disease or differentiate into functional cells for transplantation.Enhancing the efficiency of induction
基金support provided by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0400200)China National Natural Science Foundation(No.31601484)Jiangsu Agricultural Scientific and Technological Self-Innovation Foundation[CX(18)3037].
文摘Edible fungi are rich in nutrition,but they are susceptible to spoilage,and often prolonged by drying.RF and microwave energy drying have the advantages of short drying time,high energy efficiency and good process control.However,to develop an effective dielectric drying method,it is important to understand dielectric properties,the major factor characterizing the interaction between the electromagnetic energy and the food.At present,there is a lack of research on dielectric properties of edible fungi.In this study,a vector network analyzer and an open-ended coaxial-line probe were employed to measure the dielectric parameters.The dielectric parameters were observed at different temperatures(25–85°C)for edible fungi powder with moisture content ranging from 5 to 30%wet basis over a frequency range of 1–3000 MHz.The relationship between the dielectric properties and frequency,temperature,and moisture content were obtained via regression analysis.Further,the dielectric penetration depth was calculated,and the effects of frequency,moisture content,and temperature on the penetration depth were also analyzed.The results showed that the dielectric properties of edible fungi powder increased with an increase in moisture content and temperature,while they decreased with increasing frequency.At high moisture content and temperature,the increase in dielectric properties was slightly larger than that at low moisture content and temperature.The dielectric properties changed more evidently at lower radio frequencies than at higher radio frequencies.The penetration depth decreased with an increase in temperature,moisture content,and frequency.It can be concluded that a large penetration depth at radio frequencies below 100 MHz could be used to dry edible fungi on a large scale,whereas microwave energy could be employed for drying edible fungi on a small scale.
