Language difficulties vary widely among people with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,the semantic processing of autistic person and its underlying electrophysiological mechanism are still unclear.This meta-analys...Language difficulties vary widely among people with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,the semantic processing of autistic person and its underlying electrophysiological mechanism are still unclear.This meta-analysis aimed to explore the disturbance of semantic processing in patients with ASD.PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase were searched for eventrelated potential(ERP)studies on semantic processing in autistic people published in English before September 01,2022.Pooled estimates were calculated by fixed-effects or random-effects models according to the heterogeneity using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0.The potential moderators were explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis.This meta-analysis has been registered at the Prospero International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews(no.CRD 42021265852).A total of 14 articles and 18 studies,including 254 autistic people and 262 neurodevelopmental people were included in this meta-analysis.Compared to the comparison group,autistic people showed an overall reduced N400 amplitude(Hedges’g=0.350,p<0.001)in response to linguistic stimuli instead of non-linguistic stimuli.The N400 amplitude was affected by verbal intelligence and gender.The reduced overall N400 amplitude in autistic people under linguistic stimuli suggests a linguistic-specific deficit in semantic processing in individuals of autism.The decrease of N400 amplitude might be a promising indication of the pool language capacity of autism.展开更多
Curcumin improves the learning and memory deficits in rats induced by the gp120 V3 loop. The present study cultured rat hippocampal neurons with 1 nM gp120 V3 loop and 1 μM curcumin for 24 hours. The results showed t...Curcumin improves the learning and memory deficits in rats induced by the gp120 V3 loop. The present study cultured rat hippocampal neurons with 1 nM gp120 V3 loop and 1 μM curcumin for 24 hours. The results showed that curcumin inhibited the gp120 V3 loop-induced mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, reduced the mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic gene caspase-3, and attenuated hippocampal neuronal injury.展开更多
Objective To investigate the appropriate waist circumference(WC)cutoff points for central obesity in the middle-aged and elderly Beijing residents by the metabolic syndrome definition of the International Diabetes Fed...Objective To investigate the appropriate waist circumference(WC)cutoff points for central obesity in the middle-aged and elderly Beijing residents by the metabolic syndrome definition of the International Diabetes Federation(IDF).Methods A total of 2,344 Beijing residents aged≥40 years were investigated.They answered questionnaires,received physical examinations,and underwent plasma glucose and lipid profile measurement.Those non-diabetic subjects underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test.All data were analyzed to calculate the appropriate WC cutoff points for central obesity reaching the diagonsis of MS.Results 1)Both in males and females,the triglyceride(TG),systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose(FPG)increased linearly with WC,and the high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)decreased linearly with WC(P<0.05).2)The prevalence of elevated TG,reduced HDL-C,elevated blood pressure,elevated FBG,or≥2 of these factors increased with WC(P<0.05).3)Based on the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and Youden index,the WC values for central obesity and for detecting BMI≥25 kg/m^(2) were about 90 cm for men and 80 cm for women.4)The odds ratio for the presence of two or more metabolic risk factors increased abruptly in men with WC≥90 cm and in women with WC≥80 cm.Conclusions The appropriate WC cutoff point for central obesity was determined to be 90 cm for men and 80 cm for women in the middle-aged and elderly Beijing residents by the metabolic syndrome definition of IDF.展开更多
Due to the complexity and faintness of the detection wave patterns obtained by aircoupled transducers,if it is possible to effectively separate the various modes and obtain nondispersive signals for more accurate dete...Due to the complexity and faintness of the detection wave patterns obtained by aircoupled transducers,if it is possible to effectively separate the various modes and obtain nondispersive signals for more accurate detection and positioning,it will help to improve the accuracy and reliability of air-coupled ultrasonic Lamb wave detection,providing better technical support for the application and development of related fields.Because of the increased complexity of aircoupled signals,there is no definite theoretical formula to describe the mode changes of aircoupled signals,so the method based on blind separation has unique value.To address these challenges,the paper proposes a single-channel blind source separation(SCBSS)method.The effectiveness of this method is evaluated through simulations and experiments,demonstrating favorable separation results and efficient computational speed.This work first conducts an in-depth analysis of the signal characteristics of air-coupled ultrasonic non-destructive testing,and simulates the ultrasonic excitation conditions of air-coupled sensors through finite element software.The study of modal changes and multipath effects caused by the variation of the incidence angle of the ACT signal is carried out,and the situation of the Lamb wave signal excited by ACT at the receiving end is analyzed.By combining ACT with PZT signals,the ultrasonic signals of air-coupled Lamb waves are compared and studied,and their modal purification is carried out.展开更多
Internationalizing technical standards is crucial for global standardization efforts.However,the reasons and influencing factors due to which some states pursue a leading role in certain international standards but no...Internationalizing technical standards is crucial for global standardization efforts.However,the reasons and influencing factors due to which some states pursue a leading role in certain international standards but not in others have not been thoroughly examined.This study uses an integrated theoretical framework and case analysis to explore the internationalization of Chinese standards in broadcast marketing,railway,electrified railway,and university-business partnerships.The findings suggest that the maturity of the standardization field and the complexity of technical standards are the primary factors influencing choices,with the decision to lead being largely dependent on the latter.Specifically,when technical standards are highly complex,a country can choose to take the lead,while a high maturity of the standardization field or less advanced technical standards make following appropriate.These conclusions provide valuable insights for economists,policymakers,and non-governmental standards-setting groups in emerging countries,encouraging their participation in various international standardization domains.展开更多
Background:Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is an acute inflammatory lung injury with a high mortality rate.However,previous ARDS prognostic scoring systems or predictors have been limited by complex formulas ...Background:Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is an acute inflammatory lung injury with a high mortality rate.However,previous ARDS prognostic scoring systems or predictors have been limited by complex formulas that are relatively expensive and inconvenient to obtain.Thus,this study aimed to explore the clinical significance of the blood lactate/serum albumin ratio(LAR)in assessing the prognosis of ARDS patients and compare it with other indicators related to 28-day mortality in ARDS patients.Methods:We conducted a single-center retrospective study involving patients who fulfilled the Berlin definition of ARDS between 2016 and 2021.Clinical data were collected from medical records within 24 hours after ARDS diagnosis.The LAR,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and monocyteto-lymphocyte ratio(MLR)were calculated.The primary clinical outcome was 28-day mortality.The risk factors for 28-day mortality were determined using conditional logistic regression analysis.The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the area under the curve(AUC).Results:A total of 276 ARDS patients met the inclusion criteria and were divided into surviving and nonsurviving groups according to 28-day mortality.There were significant differences in the Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores,MLRs,and LARs between the surviving and nonsurviving groups.The AUC for the LAR was 0.790(P<0.001),whereas the AUCs for the Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II score,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and MLR were 0.584,0.599,0.524,and 0.587,respectively.After grouping according to an LAR optimal cutoff value of 0.07,28-day mortality was significantly higher in the high-LAR group than in the low-LAR group(47.18 vs.12.69,P<0.001).Conclusion:The LAR is an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality in ARDS patients and can be used to assess the severity of ARDS to a certain extent,making it superior to other commonly used indicators.展开更多
Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are ubiquitously-existing multipotent progenitors that can self-renew and differentiate into multiple lineages including osteocytes,chondrocytes,adipocytes,tenocytes and myocytes.MSCs repre...Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are ubiquitously-existing multipotent progenitors that can self-renew and differentiate into multiple lineages including osteocytes,chondrocytes,adipocytes,tenocytes and myocytes.MSCs represent one of the most commonly-used adult progenitors and serve as excellent progenitor cell models for investigating lineagespecific differentiation regulated by various cellular signaling pathways,such as bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs).As members of TGFb superfamily,BMPs play diverse and important roles in development and adult tissues.At least 14 BMPs have been identified in mammals.Different BMPs exert distinct but overlapping biological functions.Through a comprehensive analysis of 14 BMPs in MSCs,we demonstrated that BMP9 is one of the most potent BMPs in inducing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.Nonetheless,a global mechanistic view of BMP signaling in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs remains to be fully elucidated.Here,we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic profiling in the MSCs stimulated by 14 types of BMPs.Hierarchical clustering analysis classifies 14 BMPs into three subclusters:an osteo/chondrogenic/adipogenic cluster,a tenogenic cluster,and BMP3 cluster.We also demonstrate that six BMPs(e.g.,BMP2,BMP3,BMP4,BMP7,BMP8,and BMP9)can induce ISmads effectively,while BMP2,BMP3,BMP4,BMP7,and BMP11 up-regulate Smad-independent MAP kinase pathway.Furthermore,we show that many BMPs can upregulate the expression of the signal mediators of Wnt,Notch and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways.While the reported transcriptomic changes need to be further validated,our expression profiling represents the first-of-its-kind to interrogate a comprehensive transcriptomic landscape regulated by the 14 types of BMPs in MSCs.展开更多
Bone morphogenetic protein 9(BMP9)(or GDF2)was originally identified from fetal mouse liver cDNA libraries.Emerging evidence indicates BMP9 exerts diverse and pleiotropic functions during postnatal development and in ...Bone morphogenetic protein 9(BMP9)(or GDF2)was originally identified from fetal mouse liver cDNA libraries.Emerging evidence indicates BMP9 exerts diverse and pleiotropic functions during postnatal development and in maintaining tissue homeostasis.However,the expression landscape of BMP9 signaling during development and/or in adult tissues remains to be analyzed.Here,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the expression landscape of BMP9 and its signaling mediators in postnatal mice.By analyzing mouse ENCODE transcriptome datasets we found Bmp9 was highly expressed in the liver and detectable in embryonic brain,adult lungs and adult placenta.We next conducted a comprehensive qPCR analysis of RNAs isolated from major mouse tissues/organs at various ages.We found that Bmp9 was highly expressed in the liver and lung tissues of young adult mice,but decreased in older mice.Interestingly,Bmp9 was only expressed at low to modest levels in developing bones.BMP9-associated TGFβ/BMPR type I receptor Alk1 was highly expressed in the adult lungs.Furthermore,the feedback inhibitor Smads Smad6 and Smad7 were widely expressed in mouse postnatal tissues.However,the BMP signaling antagonist noggin was highly expressed in fat and heart in the older age groups,as well as in kidney,liver and lungs in a biphasic fashion.Thus,our findings indicate that the circulating BMP9 produced in liver and lungs may account for its pleiotropic effects on postnatal tissues/organs although possible roles of BMP9 signaling in liver and lungs remain to be fully understood.展开更多
Extracellular vesicles(EVs)such as microvesicles(MIVs)play an important role in intercellular communications.MIVs are small membrane vesicles sized 100e1000 nm in diameter that are released by many types of cells,such...Extracellular vesicles(EVs)such as microvesicles(MIVs)play an important role in intercellular communications.MIVs are small membrane vesicles sized 100e1000 nm in diameter that are released by many types of cells,such as mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),tumor cells and adipose-derived stem cells(ADSC).As EVs can carry out autocrine and paracrine functions by controlling multiple cell processes,it is conceivable that EVs can be used as delivery vehicles for treating several clinical conditions,such as to improve cardiac angiogenesis after myocardial infarction(MI).Here,we seek to investigate whether ADSC-derived MIVs contain microRNAs that regulate angiogenesis and affect cell migration of endothelial cells.We first characterized the ADSC-derived MIVs and found that the MIVs had a size range of 100 e300 nm,and expressed the MIV marker protein Alix.We then analyzed the microRNAs in ADSCs and ADSC-derived MIVs and demonstrated that ADSC-derived MIVs selectively released a panel of microRNAs,several of which were related to angiogenesis,including two members of the let-7 family.Furthermore,we demonstrated that ADSC-derived MIVs promoted the cell migration and invasion of the HUVEC endothelial cells.The PKH26-labeled ADSC-derived MIVs were effectively uptaken into the cytoplasm of HUVEC cells.Collectively,our results demonstrate that the ADSC-derived MIVs can promote migration and invasion abilities of endothelial cells,suggesting pro-angiogenetic potential.Future studies should focus on investigating the roles and mechanisms through which ADSC-derived MIVs regulate angiogenesis.展开更多
Background:Although antinuclear antibodies(ANAs),anti‐SSA and anti‐Ro52,are present in immunoglobulin preparations,it is unknown whether intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)therapy influences the testing of serum autoan...Background:Although antinuclear antibodies(ANAs),anti‐SSA and anti‐Ro52,are present in immunoglobulin preparations,it is unknown whether intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)therapy influences the testing of serum autoantibodies in patients with connective tissue diseases(CTDs).The present study aimed to investigate the dynamic change over time of serum ANA‐related autoantibodies in patients with CTDs receiving IVIG therapy.Methods:Serum ANA‐related autoantibodies were monitored in two patients with CTD before IVIG therapy and at different times after therapy.These autoantibodies were tested in different batches of immunoglobulin preparations from seven pharmaceutical companies.Results:One patient developed a new ANA pattern(cytoplasmic dense fine speckled pattern,AC‐19)just after IVIG therapy.Both patients developed de novo positivity for AMA‐M2 and anti‐SSA,but returned negative 1 month after IVIG therapy.The residual liquid in patients'immunoglobulin preparations showed positive ANAs with a high titer of AC‐19(1:640),a low titer of the nuclear fine speckled pattern(AC‐4,1:80),positive AMA‐M2,and positive anti‐SSA.ANA‐related autoantibodies were tested in 16 batches of immunoglobulin preparations and all had positive ANAs with two patterns:AC‐19(1:640 or 1:320)and AC‐4(1:80).AMA‐M2 and anti‐SSA were positive in 100%of the batches.Conclusion:Our study highlights high‐titer AMA‐M2 autoantibodies in immunoglobulin preparations and suggests their transient transfer into a patient's circulation via IVIG therapy.To avoid incorrect clinical decisions based on postinfusion antibody titers,our data recommend retesting 1–2 months after high‐dose IVIG immunomodulatory treatment.展开更多
This paper investigates the impact of standards on China＇s trade volume with the rest of the world and its bilateral trade flows with the US, from panel data covering 33 ICS classified technology sectors between 1990...This paper investigates the impact of standards on China＇s trade volume with the rest of the world and its bilateral trade flows with the US, from panel data covering 33 ICS classified technology sectors between 1990-2010. Results show that China＇s country specific voluntary standards promote China＇s foreign trade and the impact on exports is larger than on imports. China＇s internationally harmonized voluntary standards have the strongest positive impact, especially on imports. China＇s country specific mandatory standards increase imports while decreasing exports. China＇s internationally harmonized mandatory standards are favorable for China＇s foreign trade development. China＇s country specific voluntary standards and internationally harmonized standards contribute to promoting China＇s trade surplus with the US.展开更多
A 0.7–7 GHz wideband RF receiver front-end So C is designed using the CMOS process. The front-end is composed of two main blocks: a single-ended wideband low noise amplifier（LNA） and an in-phase/quadrature（I/Q） v...A 0.7–7 GHz wideband RF receiver front-end So C is designed using the CMOS process. The front-end is composed of two main blocks: a single-ended wideband low noise amplifier（LNA） and an in-phase/quadrature（I/Q） voltage-driven passive mixer with IF amplifiers. Based on a self-biased resistive negative feedback topology,the LNA adopts shunt-peaking inductors and a gate inductor to boost the bandwidth. The passive down-conversion mixer includes two parts: passive switches and IF amplifiers. The measurement results show that the frontend works well at different LO frequencies, and this chip is reconfigurable among 0.7 to 7 GHz by tuning the LO frequency. The measured results under 2.5-GHz LO frequency show that the front-end SoC achieves a maximum conversion gain of 26 dB, a minimum noise figure（NF） of 3.2 dB, with an IF bandwidth of greater than 500 MHz.The chip area is 1.67 × 1.08 mm;.展开更多
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Number 2021ZD0202004).
文摘Language difficulties vary widely among people with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).However,the semantic processing of autistic person and its underlying electrophysiological mechanism are still unclear.This meta-analysis aimed to explore the disturbance of semantic processing in patients with ASD.PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase were searched for eventrelated potential(ERP)studies on semantic processing in autistic people published in English before September 01,2022.Pooled estimates were calculated by fixed-effects or random-effects models according to the heterogeneity using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0.The potential moderators were explored by meta-regression and subgroup analysis.This meta-analysis has been registered at the Prospero International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews(no.CRD 42021265852).A total of 14 articles and 18 studies,including 254 autistic people and 262 neurodevelopmental people were included in this meta-analysis.Compared to the comparison group,autistic people showed an overall reduced N400 amplitude(Hedges’g=0.350,p<0.001)in response to linguistic stimuli instead of non-linguistic stimuli.The N400 amplitude was affected by verbal intelligence and gender.The reduced overall N400 amplitude in autistic people under linguistic stimuli suggests a linguistic-specific deficit in semantic processing in individuals of autism.The decrease of N400 amplitude might be a promising indication of the pool language capacity of autism.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, No. 9151040701000, 061050246the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, No. 2010B030700016+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou, No. 2010Y1-C291the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81171134
文摘Curcumin improves the learning and memory deficits in rats induced by the gp120 V3 loop. The present study cultured rat hippocampal neurons with 1 nM gp120 V3 loop and 1 μM curcumin for 24 hours. The results showed that curcumin inhibited the gp120 V3 loop-induced mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, reduced the mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic gene caspase-3, and attenuated hippocampal neuronal injury.
基金This study was sppored by grant from the Capital Medical Developmcnt Foundation of Bejing(No.2010-1009)
文摘Objective To investigate the appropriate waist circumference(WC)cutoff points for central obesity in the middle-aged and elderly Beijing residents by the metabolic syndrome definition of the International Diabetes Federation(IDF).Methods A total of 2,344 Beijing residents aged≥40 years were investigated.They answered questionnaires,received physical examinations,and underwent plasma glucose and lipid profile measurement.Those non-diabetic subjects underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test.All data were analyzed to calculate the appropriate WC cutoff points for central obesity reaching the diagonsis of MS.Results 1)Both in males and females,the triglyceride(TG),systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose(FPG)increased linearly with WC,and the high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)decreased linearly with WC(P<0.05).2)The prevalence of elevated TG,reduced HDL-C,elevated blood pressure,elevated FBG,or≥2 of these factors increased with WC(P<0.05).3)Based on the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and Youden index,the WC values for central obesity and for detecting BMI≥25 kg/m^(2) were about 90 cm for men and 80 cm for women.4)The odds ratio for the presence of two or more metabolic risk factors increased abruptly in men with WC≥90 cm and in women with WC≥80 cm.Conclusions The appropriate WC cutoff point for central obesity was determined to be 90 cm for men and 80 cm for women in the middle-aged and elderly Beijing residents by the metabolic syndrome definition of IDF.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92360306,52222504 and 52241502).
文摘Due to the complexity and faintness of the detection wave patterns obtained by aircoupled transducers,if it is possible to effectively separate the various modes and obtain nondispersive signals for more accurate detection and positioning,it will help to improve the accuracy and reliability of air-coupled ultrasonic Lamb wave detection,providing better technical support for the application and development of related fields.Because of the increased complexity of aircoupled signals,there is no definite theoretical formula to describe the mode changes of aircoupled signals,so the method based on blind separation has unique value.To address these challenges,the paper proposes a single-channel blind source separation(SCBSS)method.The effectiveness of this method is evaluated through simulations and experiments,demonstrating favorable separation results and efficient computational speed.This work first conducts an in-depth analysis of the signal characteristics of air-coupled ultrasonic non-destructive testing,and simulates the ultrasonic excitation conditions of air-coupled sensors through finite element software.The study of modal changes and multipath effects caused by the variation of the incidence angle of the ACT signal is carried out,and the situation of the Lamb wave signal excited by ACT at the receiving end is analyzed.By combining ACT with PZT signals,the ultrasonic signals of air-coupled Lamb waves are compared and studied,and their modal purification is carried out.
基金Post-funded project of the National Social Science Fund of China,“Research on academic frontier theory and policy of the economics of standards”[Grant No.21FJLB039]project of the China Association of Trade in Services,“Research on the role of technical standards in supporting enterprise digital transformation”[Grant No.FWMYKT-202303]+1 种基金Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Gansu Province,“Research on strategies for promoting digital transformation and empowering Gansu’s high-quality development through technical standards”[Grant No.23ZZ02]the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program Fund,“Research on promoting trade development between Gansu and countries along the Silk Road through harmonization of standards”[Grant No.23JRZA385].
文摘Internationalizing technical standards is crucial for global standardization efforts.However,the reasons and influencing factors due to which some states pursue a leading role in certain international standards but not in others have not been thoroughly examined.This study uses an integrated theoretical framework and case analysis to explore the internationalization of Chinese standards in broadcast marketing,railway,electrified railway,and university-business partnerships.The findings suggest that the maturity of the standardization field and the complexity of technical standards are the primary factors influencing choices,with the decision to lead being largely dependent on the latter.Specifically,when technical standards are highly complex,a country can choose to take the lead,while a high maturity of the standardization field or less advanced technical standards make following appropriate.These conclusions provide valuable insights for economists,policymakers,and non-governmental standards-setting groups in emerging countries,encouraging their participation in various international standardization domains.
基金supported by grants from Jiangsu Province’s Key Provincial Talents Program(ZDRCA2016046)Key Health Talents in Gusu(GSWS2019009).
文摘Background:Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is an acute inflammatory lung injury with a high mortality rate.However,previous ARDS prognostic scoring systems or predictors have been limited by complex formulas that are relatively expensive and inconvenient to obtain.Thus,this study aimed to explore the clinical significance of the blood lactate/serum albumin ratio(LAR)in assessing the prognosis of ARDS patients and compare it with other indicators related to 28-day mortality in ARDS patients.Methods:We conducted a single-center retrospective study involving patients who fulfilled the Berlin definition of ARDS between 2016 and 2021.Clinical data were collected from medical records within 24 hours after ARDS diagnosis.The LAR,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and monocyteto-lymphocyte ratio(MLR)were calculated.The primary clinical outcome was 28-day mortality.The risk factors for 28-day mortality were determined using conditional logistic regression analysis.The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the area under the curve(AUC).Results:A total of 276 ARDS patients met the inclusion criteria and were divided into surviving and nonsurviving groups according to 28-day mortality.There were significant differences in the Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores,MLRs,and LARs between the surviving and nonsurviving groups.The AUC for the LAR was 0.790(P<0.001),whereas the AUCs for the Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II score,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and MLR were 0.584,0.599,0.524,and 0.587,respectively.After grouping according to an LAR optimal cutoff value of 0.07,28-day mortality was significantly higher in the high-LAR group than in the low-LAR group(47.18 vs.12.69,P<0.001).Conclusion:The LAR is an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality in ARDS patients and can be used to assess the severity of ARDS to a certain extent,making it superior to other commonly used indicators.
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are ubiquitously-existing multipotent progenitors that can self-renew and differentiate into multiple lineages including osteocytes,chondrocytes,adipocytes,tenocytes and myocytes.MSCs represent one of the most commonly-used adult progenitors and serve as excellent progenitor cell models for investigating lineagespecific differentiation regulated by various cellular signaling pathways,such as bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs).As members of TGFb superfamily,BMPs play diverse and important roles in development and adult tissues.At least 14 BMPs have been identified in mammals.Different BMPs exert distinct but overlapping biological functions.Through a comprehensive analysis of 14 BMPs in MSCs,we demonstrated that BMP9 is one of the most potent BMPs in inducing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.Nonetheless,a global mechanistic view of BMP signaling in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs remains to be fully elucidated.Here,we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic profiling in the MSCs stimulated by 14 types of BMPs.Hierarchical clustering analysis classifies 14 BMPs into three subclusters:an osteo/chondrogenic/adipogenic cluster,a tenogenic cluster,and BMP3 cluster.We also demonstrate that six BMPs(e.g.,BMP2,BMP3,BMP4,BMP7,BMP8,and BMP9)can induce ISmads effectively,while BMP2,BMP3,BMP4,BMP7,and BMP11 up-regulate Smad-independent MAP kinase pathway.Furthermore,we show that many BMPs can upregulate the expression of the signal mediators of Wnt,Notch and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways.While the reported transcriptomic changes need to be further validated,our expression profiling represents the first-of-its-kind to interrogate a comprehensive transcriptomic landscape regulated by the 14 types of BMPs in MSCs.
基金The reported work was supported in part by research grants from the National Institutes of Health(CA226303 to TCH)the U.S.Department of Defense(OR130096 to JMW)+3 种基金the Scoliosis Research Society(TCH and MJL)This project was also supported in part by The University of Chicago Cancer Center Support Grant(P30CA014599)the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health through Grant Number UL1 TR000430.TCH was also supported by the Mabel Green Myers Research Endowment Fund and The University of Chicago Orthopaedics Alumni Fund.Funding sources were not involved in the study design,in the collection,analysis and interpretation of datain the writing of the report,and in the decision to submit the paper for publication。
文摘Bone morphogenetic protein 9(BMP9)(or GDF2)was originally identified from fetal mouse liver cDNA libraries.Emerging evidence indicates BMP9 exerts diverse and pleiotropic functions during postnatal development and in maintaining tissue homeostasis.However,the expression landscape of BMP9 signaling during development and/or in adult tissues remains to be analyzed.Here,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the expression landscape of BMP9 and its signaling mediators in postnatal mice.By analyzing mouse ENCODE transcriptome datasets we found Bmp9 was highly expressed in the liver and detectable in embryonic brain,adult lungs and adult placenta.We next conducted a comprehensive qPCR analysis of RNAs isolated from major mouse tissues/organs at various ages.We found that Bmp9 was highly expressed in the liver and lung tissues of young adult mice,but decreased in older mice.Interestingly,Bmp9 was only expressed at low to modest levels in developing bones.BMP9-associated TGFβ/BMPR type I receptor Alk1 was highly expressed in the adult lungs.Furthermore,the feedback inhibitor Smads Smad6 and Smad7 were widely expressed in mouse postnatal tissues.However,the BMP signaling antagonist noggin was highly expressed in fat and heart in the older age groups,as well as in kidney,liver and lungs in a biphasic fashion.Thus,our findings indicate that the circulating BMP9 produced in liver and lungs may account for its pleiotropic effects on postnatal tissues/organs although possible roles of BMP9 signaling in liver and lungs remain to be fully understood.
基金The reported work was supported in part by research grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province China(#20151BAB215005)the Natural Science Foundation of China(#81660029,81360083)+2 种基金TCH was also supported by the Mabel Green Myers Research Endowment Fund,USA and The University of Chicago Orthopaedics Alumni Fund,USA.Funding sources were not involved in the study designin the collection,analysis and interpretation of data,in the writing of the reportand in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
文摘Extracellular vesicles(EVs)such as microvesicles(MIVs)play an important role in intercellular communications.MIVs are small membrane vesicles sized 100e1000 nm in diameter that are released by many types of cells,such as mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),tumor cells and adipose-derived stem cells(ADSC).As EVs can carry out autocrine and paracrine functions by controlling multiple cell processes,it is conceivable that EVs can be used as delivery vehicles for treating several clinical conditions,such as to improve cardiac angiogenesis after myocardial infarction(MI).Here,we seek to investigate whether ADSC-derived MIVs contain microRNAs that regulate angiogenesis and affect cell migration of endothelial cells.We first characterized the ADSC-derived MIVs and found that the MIVs had a size range of 100 e300 nm,and expressed the MIV marker protein Alix.We then analyzed the microRNAs in ADSCs and ADSC-derived MIVs and demonstrated that ADSC-derived MIVs selectively released a panel of microRNAs,several of which were related to angiogenesis,including two members of the let-7 family.Furthermore,we demonstrated that ADSC-derived MIVs promoted the cell migration and invasion of the HUVEC endothelial cells.The PKH26-labeled ADSC-derived MIVs were effectively uptaken into the cytoplasm of HUVEC cells.Collectively,our results demonstrate that the ADSC-derived MIVs can promote migration and invasion abilities of endothelial cells,suggesting pro-angiogenetic potential.Future studies should focus on investigating the roles and mechanisms through which ADSC-derived MIVs regulate angiogenesis.
基金This work was supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong province(No.2019A1515011928).
文摘Background:Although antinuclear antibodies(ANAs),anti‐SSA and anti‐Ro52,are present in immunoglobulin preparations,it is unknown whether intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)therapy influences the testing of serum autoantibodies in patients with connective tissue diseases(CTDs).The present study aimed to investigate the dynamic change over time of serum ANA‐related autoantibodies in patients with CTDs receiving IVIG therapy.Methods:Serum ANA‐related autoantibodies were monitored in two patients with CTD before IVIG therapy and at different times after therapy.These autoantibodies were tested in different batches of immunoglobulin preparations from seven pharmaceutical companies.Results:One patient developed a new ANA pattern(cytoplasmic dense fine speckled pattern,AC‐19)just after IVIG therapy.Both patients developed de novo positivity for AMA‐M2 and anti‐SSA,but returned negative 1 month after IVIG therapy.The residual liquid in patients'immunoglobulin preparations showed positive ANAs with a high titer of AC‐19(1:640),a low titer of the nuclear fine speckled pattern(AC‐4,1:80),positive AMA‐M2,and positive anti‐SSA.ANA‐related autoantibodies were tested in 16 batches of immunoglobulin preparations and all had positive ANAs with two patterns:AC‐19(1:640 or 1:320)and AC‐4(1:80).AMA‐M2 and anti‐SSA were positive in 100%of the batches.Conclusion:Our study highlights high‐titer AMA‐M2 autoantibodies in immunoglobulin preparations and suggests their transient transfer into a patient's circulation via IVIG therapy.To avoid incorrect clinical decisions based on postinfusion antibody titers,our data recommend retesting 1–2 months after high‐dose IVIG immunomodulatory treatment.
文摘This paper investigates the impact of standards on China＇s trade volume with the rest of the world and its bilateral trade flows with the US, from panel data covering 33 ICS classified technology sectors between 1990-2010. Results show that China＇s country specific voluntary standards promote China＇s foreign trade and the impact on exports is larger than on imports. China＇s internationally harmonized voluntary standards have the strongest positive impact, especially on imports. China＇s country specific mandatory standards increase imports while decreasing exports. China＇s internationally harmonized mandatory standards are favorable for China＇s foreign trade development. China＇s country specific voluntary standards and internationally harmonized standards contribute to promoting China＇s trade surplus with the US.
文摘A 0.7–7 GHz wideband RF receiver front-end So C is designed using the CMOS process. The front-end is composed of two main blocks: a single-ended wideband low noise amplifier（LNA） and an in-phase/quadrature（I/Q） voltage-driven passive mixer with IF amplifiers. Based on a self-biased resistive negative feedback topology,the LNA adopts shunt-peaking inductors and a gate inductor to boost the bandwidth. The passive down-conversion mixer includes two parts: passive switches and IF amplifiers. The measurement results show that the frontend works well at different LO frequencies, and this chip is reconfigurable among 0.7 to 7 GHz by tuning the LO frequency. The measured results under 2.5-GHz LO frequency show that the front-end SoC achieves a maximum conversion gain of 26 dB, a minimum noise figure（NF） of 3.2 dB, with an IF bandwidth of greater than 500 MHz.The chip area is 1.67 × 1.08 mm;.
