Forest fires are natural disasters that can occur suddenly and can be very damaging,burning thousands of square kilometers.Prevention is better than suppression and prediction models of forest fire occurrence have dev...Forest fires are natural disasters that can occur suddenly and can be very damaging,burning thousands of square kilometers.Prevention is better than suppression and prediction models of forest fire occurrence have developed from the logistic regression model,the geographical weighted logistic regression model,the Lasso regression model,the random forest model,and the support vector machine model based on historical forest fire data from 2000 to 2019 in Jilin Province.The models,along with a distribution map are presented in this paper to provide a theoretical basis for forest fire management in this area.Existing studies show that the prediction accuracies of the two machine learning models are higher than those of the three generalized linear regression models.The accuracies of the random forest model,the support vector machine model,geographical weighted logistic regression model,the Lasso regression model,and logistic model were 88.7%,87.7%,86.0%,85.0%and 84.6%,respectively.Weather is the main factor affecting forest fires,while the impacts of topography factors,human and social-economic factors on fire occurrence were similar.展开更多
Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods...Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods that covers the entire range of food categories,which limits the accurate risk assessment of dietary AGEs in human diseases.In this study,we first established an isotope dilution UHPLCQq Q-MS/MS-based method for simultaneous quantification of 10 major AGEs in foods.The contents of these AGEs were detected in 334 foods covering all main groups consumed in Western and Chinese populations.Nε-Carboxymethyllysine,methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone isomers,and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 are predominant AGEs found in most foodstuffs.Total amounts of AGEs were high in processed nuts,bakery products,and certain types of cereals and meats(>150 mg/kg),while low in dairy products,vegetables,fruits,and beverages(<40 mg/kg).Assessment of estimated daily intake implied that the contribution of food groups to daily AGE intake varied a lot under different eating patterns,and selection of high-AGE foods leads to up to a 2.7-fold higher intake of AGEs through daily meals.The presented AGE database allows accurate assessment of dietary exposure to these glycotoxins to explore their physiological impacts on human health.展开更多
It is an important method for using electroencephalogram (EEG) to detect and diagnose occupational Stress in clinical practice. In this paper, the complexity analysis method based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence was used...It is an important method for using electroencephalogram (EEG) to detect and diagnose occupational Stress in clinical practice. In this paper, the complexity analysis method based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence was used to calculate the complexity of occupational stress electroencephalogram from students and nurses.The study found that the complexity of nurses’ EEG was higher than that of students’ EEG. The result can be used to assisted clinical diagnosis.展开更多
The magnetic compensation of aeromagnetic survey is an important calibration work,which has a great impact on the accuracy of measurement.In an aeromagnetic survey flight,measurement data consists of diurnal variation...The magnetic compensation of aeromagnetic survey is an important calibration work,which has a great impact on the accuracy of measurement.In an aeromagnetic survey flight,measurement data consists of diurnal variation,aircraft maneuver interference field,and geomagnetic field.In this paper,appropriate physical features and the modular feedforward neural network(MFNN)with Levenberg-Marquard(LM)back propagation algorithm are adopted to supervised learn fluctuation of measuring signals and separate the interference magnetic field from the measurement data.LM algorithm is a kind of least square estimation algorithm of nonlinear parameters.It iteratively calculates the jacobian matrix of error performance and the adjustment value of gradient with the regularization method.LM algorithm’s computing efficiency is high and fitting error is very low.The fitting performance and the compensation accuracy of LM-MFNN algorithm are proved to be much better than those of TOLLES-LAWSON(T-L)model with the linear least square(LS)solution by fitting experiments with five different aeromagnetic surveys’data.展开更多
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction diseases.Nanoparticles have shown unique benefits for atherosclerosis treatment by targeting the lesional macrophages of plaques.However,m...Atherosclerosis is the main cause of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction diseases.Nanoparticles have shown unique benefits for atherosclerosis treatment by targeting the lesional macrophages of plaques.However,most of the nanocarriers are administered intravenously,which is inconvenient and may cause complications.Herein,we developed an oral lipid-polymer based nanoparticles(FA-LNPs)decorated with folic acid,which can not only effectively overcome intestinal mucosal-epithelial barrier by increasing the transmembrane transport through intestinal epithelial and the accumulation in Peyer’s patches but also actively target to the aortic plaque sites and accumulate in lesional macrophages.Subsequently,naringenin(Nrg),one of the antiinflammation drugs,was designed to be the oral nanomedicine(FA-LNPs/Nrg)for the first time via the encapsulation of FALNPs.FA-LNPs/Nrg presented highly anti-atherosclerotic efficacy.After the atherosclerotic ApoE−/−mice were treated by FALNPs/Nrg via oral administration for three months,the aortic lesion area,plaque area,and necrotic core area of the aortic root were significantly decreased.Meanwhile,the lipid-related blood parameters recovered to normal levels.Our study provides a promising approach to atherosclerosis treatment based on the novel oral targeting delivery system.展开更多
Background and Aims:There is a lack of data supporting the notion that antiviral treatments can beneft children with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)having high viremia and normal or mildly elevated serum alanine aminotransfe...Background and Aims:There is a lack of data supporting the notion that antiviral treatments can beneft children with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)having high viremia and normal or mildly elevated serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels.We aimed t analyze the efficacy of antiviral treatments in children with CHB and explore the factors associated with functional cure.Methods:Forty-eight children with CHB having high viremia and normal or mildly elevated serum ALT levels were screened in this real-world study.Thirty-two children received either interferon-alpha(IFN-α)monother-apy,IFN-a therapy with a nucleoside analog(NA)add-on,or IFN-α and NA combination therapy.The 16 children in the control group did not receive antiviral treatment.All 48 chil-dren were available for follow-up assessments for the entire 36-month study period.We identified a functional cure with respect to hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA loss,loss/seroconver-sion of circulating hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),and loss of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)with or without serocon-version.Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate the factors that may have influenced the functional cure.Re-sults:After 36 months,the cumulative functional cure rate was 56.25%(18/32)in the treated group and 0%(0/16)in the control group(p<0.001).In the treated group,the serum HBV DNA levels declined rapidly at the end of a 6-month visit and the cured children achieved a loss rate of 100%(18/18)within 16 months of beginning treatment,compared with 64.29%(9/14)of the uncured children(p<0.001).The rates of HBeAg seroconversion were significantly higher among the cured children than among the uncured children(p<0.001).All 16 children in the control group maintained high levels of serum HBV DNA and were positive for both serum HBeAg and HBsAg during the entire 36 months of the study period.Func tional cure was associated with younger ages(1-6 vs.7-14 years,p=0.013),CD8^(+)T lymphocyte counts(p=0.013),and B lymphocyte counts(p=0.003).No serious adverse events were observed.Conclusions:Antiviral treatment achieved a functional cure of CHB in a high proportion of children having high-level viremia and normal or mildly elevated ALT levels.Younger age and high peripheral lymphocyte counts were as sociated with this functional cure.展开更多
A series of novel SrMg2(PO4)2:Ce^3+,Tb^3+(SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+)phosphors with tunable emission spectra were produced via high temperature solid phase method.XRD,fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence lifetime for SMP:Ce^3+...A series of novel SrMg2(PO4)2:Ce^3+,Tb^3+(SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+)phosphors with tunable emission spectra were produced via high temperature solid phase method.XRD,fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence lifetime for SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+were studied in detail.Under the excitation at 308 nm,SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+samples can emit high efficiency tunable blue-green light by controlling the proportion of dopant concentration.Through the spectral overlap and the regular change of fluorescence lifetime,it is proved that there is a significant energy transfer between Ce^3+and Tb^3+in SMP matrix and the energy transfer mechanism is determined to be an electric dipole-dipole interaction with energy transmission efficiency of 55%.In additional,Commission International de L’Eclairage(CIE)color coordinates and thermal stability were studied.All above findings suggest that SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+can be regarded as the potential bluish green phosphor for LED applications.展开更多
The wettability of materials used in the production of devices employed in various technological domains have attracted significant attentions.Therefore,it is important to design the surfaces of these materials such t...The wettability of materials used in the production of devices employed in various technological domains have attracted significant attentions.Therefore,it is important to design the surfaces of these materials such that they can provide the required surface free energy and simplify the interfacial structure.Herein,various Cu films with a highly controllable surface wettability and a wide range of contact angles ranging from 6°to 152°were fabricated,and the corresponding mechanism was discussed.A wide range of wettability was realized by controlling the surface structure of the Cu film.The nanogap structure of the vertical nanowire-array film led to a high surface free energy.Similarly,the oblique nanowirearray film increased the surface free energy;however,the surface free energy was dependent on the size of the nanowires rather than on the nanogaps owing to the crystallinity of the film.Additionally,cluster-nanowire-array films were designed to realize a wettability transition from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity with a constant surface free energy.The Cu foam possessed a superhydrophilic surface owing to its high porosity,whereas the cluster-nanoparticle structure possessed a superhydrophobic surface.In addition,we noted that the structure-induced wettability played an important role in tuning the semiconductor and metal interfacial stress and simplifying the interfacial structure.Furthermore,the outstanding electrical conductivity of the Cu films indicates its promising potential as an electrode.The structure-induced wettability proposed in this study can be applied for a wide range of materials,particularly for films used for advanced applications.展开更多
To the Editor:Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a well-known and critical complication of acute pancreatitis in intensive care units(ICUs).Patients with acute pancreatitis who developed AKI had a significantly higher mortali...To the Editor:Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a well-known and critical complication of acute pancreatitis in intensive care units(ICUs).Patients with acute pancreatitis who developed AKI had a significantly higher mortality than those without AKI.[1]Currently,the diagnosis of AKI in acute pancreatitis patients includes a sudden decrease in glomerular filtration rate manifested by an increase in serum creatinine or oliguria within 48 h to 7 days.[2]However,kidney damage occurs unstoppably when creatinineincreases or urine output decreases.This study aimed to establish prediction models based on the machine learning algorithm and traditional logistic regression method only with commonly collected variables when admitted to the ICU,and we also compared their performance for predicting the occurrence of AKI in patients with acute pancreatitis.展开更多
基金This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32271881).
文摘Forest fires are natural disasters that can occur suddenly and can be very damaging,burning thousands of square kilometers.Prevention is better than suppression and prediction models of forest fire occurrence have developed from the logistic regression model,the geographical weighted logistic regression model,the Lasso regression model,the random forest model,and the support vector machine model based on historical forest fire data from 2000 to 2019 in Jilin Province.The models,along with a distribution map are presented in this paper to provide a theoretical basis for forest fire management in this area.Existing studies show that the prediction accuracies of the two machine learning models are higher than those of the three generalized linear regression models.The accuracies of the random forest model,the support vector machine model,geographical weighted logistic regression model,the Lasso regression model,and logistic model were 88.7%,87.7%,86.0%,85.0%and 84.6%,respectively.Weather is the main factor affecting forest fires,while the impacts of topography factors,human and social-economic factors on fire occurrence were similar.
基金the financial support received from the Natural Science Foundation of China(32202202 and 31871735)。
文摘Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods that covers the entire range of food categories,which limits the accurate risk assessment of dietary AGEs in human diseases.In this study,we first established an isotope dilution UHPLCQq Q-MS/MS-based method for simultaneous quantification of 10 major AGEs in foods.The contents of these AGEs were detected in 334 foods covering all main groups consumed in Western and Chinese populations.Nε-Carboxymethyllysine,methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone isomers,and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 are predominant AGEs found in most foodstuffs.Total amounts of AGEs were high in processed nuts,bakery products,and certain types of cereals and meats(>150 mg/kg),while low in dairy products,vegetables,fruits,and beverages(<40 mg/kg).Assessment of estimated daily intake implied that the contribution of food groups to daily AGE intake varied a lot under different eating patterns,and selection of high-AGE foods leads to up to a 2.7-fold higher intake of AGEs through daily meals.The presented AGE database allows accurate assessment of dietary exposure to these glycotoxins to explore their physiological impacts on human health.
文摘It is an important method for using electroencephalogram (EEG) to detect and diagnose occupational Stress in clinical practice. In this paper, the complexity analysis method based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence was used to calculate the complexity of occupational stress electroencephalogram from students and nurses.The study found that the complexity of nurses’ EEG was higher than that of students’ EEG. The result can be used to assisted clinical diagnosis.
基金National key special projects for major scientific instruments and equipment development(2017YFF0107400)。
文摘The magnetic compensation of aeromagnetic survey is an important calibration work,which has a great impact on the accuracy of measurement.In an aeromagnetic survey flight,measurement data consists of diurnal variation,aircraft maneuver interference field,and geomagnetic field.In this paper,appropriate physical features and the modular feedforward neural network(MFNN)with Levenberg-Marquard(LM)back propagation algorithm are adopted to supervised learn fluctuation of measuring signals and separate the interference magnetic field from the measurement data.LM algorithm is a kind of least square estimation algorithm of nonlinear parameters.It iteratively calculates the jacobian matrix of error performance and the adjustment value of gradient with the regularization method.LM algorithm’s computing efficiency is high and fitting error is very low.The fitting performance and the compensation accuracy of LM-MFNN algorithm are proved to be much better than those of TOLLES-LAWSON(T-L)model with the linear least square(LS)solution by fitting experiments with five different aeromagnetic surveys’data.
基金This study was supported by the Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82104081)Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program(No.2020JDRC0052)+1 种基金the 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(No.ZYGD18020/ZYJC18006)Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(No.2022AB020).
文摘Atherosclerosis is the main cause of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction diseases.Nanoparticles have shown unique benefits for atherosclerosis treatment by targeting the lesional macrophages of plaques.However,most of the nanocarriers are administered intravenously,which is inconvenient and may cause complications.Herein,we developed an oral lipid-polymer based nanoparticles(FA-LNPs)decorated with folic acid,which can not only effectively overcome intestinal mucosal-epithelial barrier by increasing the transmembrane transport through intestinal epithelial and the accumulation in Peyer’s patches but also actively target to the aortic plaque sites and accumulate in lesional macrophages.Subsequently,naringenin(Nrg),one of the antiinflammation drugs,was designed to be the oral nanomedicine(FA-LNPs/Nrg)for the first time via the encapsulation of FALNPs.FA-LNPs/Nrg presented highly anti-atherosclerotic efficacy.After the atherosclerotic ApoE−/−mice were treated by FALNPs/Nrg via oral administration for three months,the aortic lesion area,plaque area,and necrotic core area of the aortic root were significantly decreased.Meanwhile,the lipid-related blood parameters recovered to normal levels.Our study provides a promising approach to atherosclerosis treatment based on the novel oral targeting delivery system.
基金supported by Innovation Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81721002)the China National Natural Science Foundation(82130019)the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC0840704).
文摘Background and Aims:There is a lack of data supporting the notion that antiviral treatments can beneft children with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)having high viremia and normal or mildly elevated serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels.We aimed t analyze the efficacy of antiviral treatments in children with CHB and explore the factors associated with functional cure.Methods:Forty-eight children with CHB having high viremia and normal or mildly elevated serum ALT levels were screened in this real-world study.Thirty-two children received either interferon-alpha(IFN-α)monother-apy,IFN-a therapy with a nucleoside analog(NA)add-on,or IFN-α and NA combination therapy.The 16 children in the control group did not receive antiviral treatment.All 48 chil-dren were available for follow-up assessments for the entire 36-month study period.We identified a functional cure with respect to hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA loss,loss/seroconver-sion of circulating hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),and loss of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)with or without serocon-version.Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate the factors that may have influenced the functional cure.Re-sults:After 36 months,the cumulative functional cure rate was 56.25%(18/32)in the treated group and 0%(0/16)in the control group(p<0.001).In the treated group,the serum HBV DNA levels declined rapidly at the end of a 6-month visit and the cured children achieved a loss rate of 100%(18/18)within 16 months of beginning treatment,compared with 64.29%(9/14)of the uncured children(p<0.001).The rates of HBeAg seroconversion were significantly higher among the cured children than among the uncured children(p<0.001).All 16 children in the control group maintained high levels of serum HBV DNA and were positive for both serum HBeAg and HBsAg during the entire 36 months of the study period.Func tional cure was associated with younger ages(1-6 vs.7-14 years,p=0.013),CD8^(+)T lymphocyte counts(p=0.013),and B lymphocyte counts(p=0.003).No serious adverse events were observed.Conclusions:Antiviral treatment achieved a functional cure of CHB in a high proportion of children having high-level viremia and normal or mildly elevated ALT levels.Younger age and high peripheral lymphocyte counts were as sociated with this functional cure.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61875176)。
文摘A series of novel SrMg2(PO4)2:Ce^3+,Tb^3+(SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+)phosphors with tunable emission spectra were produced via high temperature solid phase method.XRD,fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence lifetime for SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+were studied in detail.Under the excitation at 308 nm,SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+samples can emit high efficiency tunable blue-green light by controlling the proportion of dopant concentration.Through the spectral overlap and the regular change of fluorescence lifetime,it is proved that there is a significant energy transfer between Ce^3+and Tb^3+in SMP matrix and the energy transfer mechanism is determined to be an electric dipole-dipole interaction with energy transmission efficiency of 55%.In additional,Commission International de L’Eclairage(CIE)color coordinates and thermal stability were studied.All above findings suggest that SMP:Ce^3+,Tb^3+can be regarded as the potential bluish green phosphor for LED applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61704006)Beijing Nova Programme Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project(No.Z191100001119013)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Beijing Educational Committee(No.KM202111232015)the Supplementary and Supportive Project for Teachers at Beijing Information Science and Technology University(2019-2021)(No.5029011103)the Key Research and Cultivation Project at Beijing Information Science and Technology University。
文摘The wettability of materials used in the production of devices employed in various technological domains have attracted significant attentions.Therefore,it is important to design the surfaces of these materials such that they can provide the required surface free energy and simplify the interfacial structure.Herein,various Cu films with a highly controllable surface wettability and a wide range of contact angles ranging from 6°to 152°were fabricated,and the corresponding mechanism was discussed.A wide range of wettability was realized by controlling the surface structure of the Cu film.The nanogap structure of the vertical nanowire-array film led to a high surface free energy.Similarly,the oblique nanowirearray film increased the surface free energy;however,the surface free energy was dependent on the size of the nanowires rather than on the nanogaps owing to the crystallinity of the film.Additionally,cluster-nanowire-array films were designed to realize a wettability transition from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity with a constant surface free energy.The Cu foam possessed a superhydrophilic surface owing to its high porosity,whereas the cluster-nanoparticle structure possessed a superhydrophobic surface.In addition,we noted that the structure-induced wettability played an important role in tuning the semiconductor and metal interfacial stress and simplifying the interfacial structure.Furthermore,the outstanding electrical conductivity of the Cu films indicates its promising potential as an electrode.The structure-induced wettability proposed in this study can be applied for a wide range of materials,particularly for films used for advanced applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81801892,81901998)the 1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(No.ZYGD18020).
文摘To the Editor:Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a well-known and critical complication of acute pancreatitis in intensive care units(ICUs).Patients with acute pancreatitis who developed AKI had a significantly higher mortality than those without AKI.[1]Currently,the diagnosis of AKI in acute pancreatitis patients includes a sudden decrease in glomerular filtration rate manifested by an increase in serum creatinine or oliguria within 48 h to 7 days.[2]However,kidney damage occurs unstoppably when creatinineincreases or urine output decreases.This study aimed to establish prediction models based on the machine learning algorithm and traditional logistic regression method only with commonly collected variables when admitted to the ICU,and we also compared their performance for predicting the occurrence of AKI in patients with acute pancreatitis.
