Water-conserving mining is an effective way to alleviate the contradiction between fragile ecological environment and high-intensity coal mining in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China. It needs to conside...Water-conserving mining is an effective way to alleviate the contradiction between fragile ecological environment and high-intensity coal mining in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China. It needs to consider the engineering and geological conditions, hydrogeological conditions and mining methods of coal seams. From the three aspects, this paper systematically analyzes the influencing factors and establishes an identification model with multi-level structures. The model includes three primary factors (including the engineering and geological conditions, hydrogeological conditions and mining methods), nine secondary factors (including overlying strata thickness, aquiclude, mining parameters and etc.), sixteen third-tier factors (including the faults, aquiclude thickness and effective mining height and etc.) and twelve fourth-tier factors (including the fault throw exp on ent, aquiclude permeability and coal pillar sizes and etc.). On the basis, the analytic hierarchy process is used to build the judgment matrix and obtain the weight of each influencing factor. The results indicate that the overlying strata thickness, aquiclude and effective mining height are the most import a nt factors among the primary factors of engineering and geological conditions, hydrogeological conditions and mining methods, respectively. The research results could provide theoretical references for the water-conserving mining of coal resources in northwest China.展开更多
Yushenfu mining area is located in an ecological fragile area in western China, the coal seam of which is the Jurassic Ysn'an Foirnalion. The Jurassic Yan'an Formation con tains five minable coal seams, the to...Yushenfu mining area is located in an ecological fragile area in western China, the coal seam of which is the Jurassic Ysn'an Foirnalion. The Jurassic Yan'an Formation con tains five minable coal seams, the top layer of which is thick, covered by shallow overburden and located under aquifers. Therefore, the mining induced water flowing fractured zone can easily extend to the aquifers of both the Quaternary Sarahu and Jurassic Zhiluo Formation. This would result in a series of negative hydrological and ecological effects, including groundwater leakage, groundwater lowering, furtherly causing surface vegetation withering and dying, surface water body reduction, spring drying out, and water flow of river being decreased substantially. To solve these environmental problems, several technologies have been carried out by Chinese scientists, one of which is water-preserved coal mining. This paper presents a review of the origin, definition and development of water-preserved coal mining, and its applications in Yushenfu mining area. The applicable conditions, research contents, research methodology, and technical foundation of water-preserved coal mining are addressed in this paper. The future research focuses regarding water-preserved coal mining in China are also discussed in this paper. Its results serve as a guide for selecting the methods to be preferred for mining in case the geological conditions, roof overburden structure and coal mining process are similar to Yushenfu mining area.展开更多
Rice-fish integrated farming( RFIF) can change the agricultural production pattern from mono-farming model to the co-farming model,and the stereoscopic and integrated farming system established by RFIF can change the ...Rice-fish integrated farming( RFIF) can change the agricultural production pattern from mono-farming model to the co-farming model,and the stereoscopic and integrated farming system established by RFIF can change the flat production to the stereoscopic production. Therefore,RFIF is the important development direction for agriculture to change pattern and adjust structure. In order to further promote development of the research and application of RFIF,the general development situation of RFIF in China was reviewed; the effects of RFIF on increasing farmer' income and enhancing agricultural efficiency were clarified. The technologies matched with RFIF,such as rice paddy engineering technology,safe plant protection technology,security fertilization technology,fish disease prevention and control technology and water quality management technology,were summarized,and the supporting role of RFIF for agriculture was pointed out. In addition,the development prospect of RFIF was proposed,as well as the key research direction of RFIF.展开更多
Groundwater of Luohe Formation is the main water source for industrial and agricultural and residential use in Binchang mining area,which is one of the key elements to water conservation coal mining.However,few studie...Groundwater of Luohe Formation is the main water source for industrial and agricultural and residential use in Binchang mining area,which is one of the key elements to water conservation coal mining.However,few studies are available to document the enrichment characteristics and influence of underground coal mining on groundwater for the Luohe Formation.This study evaluates the changes of groundwater levels and spring flow caused by mining activities to explore the influence mechanism of coal mining on groundwater by comparatively analysing existing mining data and survey data combined with a series of mapping methods.The results show that the aquifer of Luohe Formation are gradually thinning south-eastwards,disappeared at the mining boundary.In the vertical direction,the lithological structure is distinct,due to alternative sedimentation of meandering river facies and braided river facies.According to the yielding property,the aquifer is divided into three sections,namely,strong water-rich section,medium water-rich section,and weak water-rich section,which are located in northwest and central part,southwest,and the rest part of the mining area,respectively.Mining of Tingnan Coal Mine since 2004 has caused a 3.16 to 194.87 meters drop in groundwater level of Luohe Formation.Until 2015,70.10%of the mining area undergoes a groundwater level drop larger than 10.00 meters.Another influence of underground mining is that the total flow from 34 springs in 8 southern coal mines of the area has decreased by 286.48 L/s with a rate of decrease at 46.95%from 2007 to 2017.The areas that groundwater level falls or spring flow declines are manly located in the mine gob areas.Results also indicate that the ratio of the height of water conducted fracture zone to the mining height in Binchang mining area is between 16.85 and 27.92.This may increase ground water flow in vertical direction,causing a water level in the aquifer system to drop and ultimately decreasing the flow from the springs.The research results will provide data and theoretical support for the protection of groundwater resources and water conservation coal mining of Luohe Formation in Binchang mining area.展开更多
A two-month trial was carried out in China to evaluate the possibility of recycling animal manure through pond tilapia production.And the effects of chicken manure,cattle manure and chicken-cattle mixture together on ...A two-month trial was carried out in China to evaluate the possibility of recycling animal manure through pond tilapia production.And the effects of chicken manure,cattle manure and chicken-cattle mixture together on the water quality and tilapia production were investigated.The results showed that the yield of tilapia was 3.46,3.89,2.49 and 3.20 kg in the control,chicken M,cattle M,and chicken-cattle M,respectively,and the tilapia yields following the order of chicken M>control>chicken-cattle M>cattle M.The tilapia yield in chicken M group increased by 12.43% compared with the control.Chicken manure could increase the tilapia production,but cattle manure has no the effect.And the effect of animal manure on water quality showed that adding chicken manure into tilapia pond could make water quality decreased at the beginning 20 d,but could increase water quality after 20 d and stabilize the phytoplankton structure.展开更多
A two-month trial was carried out to evaluate the possibility of using algae and animal manure in tilapia culture.And the effect of algae,chicken manure and algae mixture together,cattle manure and algae mixture toget...A two-month trial was carried out to evaluate the possibility of using algae and animal manure in tilapia culture.And the effect of algae,chicken manure and algae mixture together,cattle manure and algae mixture together,chicken-cattle manure and algae mixture together on the water quality and tilapia production was researched.The results showed that the yield of tilapia were 3.46,4.33,3.81,2.92 and 3.76 kg in Control,Algae,Chicken-A,Cattle-A and C-C-A,respectively,following the order of Algae>Chicken-A>C-C-A>Control>Cattle-A,and tilapia yield in Algae and chicken manure treatment groups increased by 25.0%and 10.1%respectively compared with the control.Algae and chicken manure could increase the tilapia production,but cattle manure has no the effect.And the effect of algae and animal manure on water quality showed that adding chicken manure into tilapia pond could make water quality decreased at the beginning 20 d,but could increase water quality after 20 d and it can stabilize the phytoplankton structure in aquaculture water.Adding Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus quadricauda into tilapia pond could make water quality in a good state during the aquaculture process and it can stabilize the phytoplankton structure in aquaculture water.展开更多
With Oreochromis niloticus as the object of study,glucose was added as a carbon source to promote the formation of the biological flocs for replacing part of the feed,and three gradients were set up,namely Group A(all...With Oreochromis niloticus as the object of study,glucose was added as a carbon source to promote the formation of the biological flocs for replacing part of the feed,and three gradients were set up,namely Group A(all feed),Group B(replacement of 10%feed)and Group C(replacement of 20%feed),so as to explore the effects of photosynthetic bacteria-enhanced biological flocs on tilapia growth and water environment conditions.Meanwhile,the Biolog-ECO technology was applied to study the changes of microbial carbon metabolism diversity in aquaculture water.The results showed that the utilization of microbial carbon sources under different feed replacement gradients increased with the extension of the culture time.The overall performance was in order of 10%replacement>all feed>20%feed replacement.A suitable replacement rate could not only enhance the overall utilization of carbon sources by water microorganisms,but also save culture costs.The principal component analysis showed that the carbon source metabolism of the water microbial communities under different feed replacement gradients was significantly different.Specifically,polysaccharides,esters and amino acids were the preferred carbon sources of water microbes,while the utilization of amines and acids was low.展开更多
In order to find out the change pattern of phytoplankton community structure in pond industrial eco-aquaculture system and explain its ecological mechanism,tests were carried out using Megalobrama amblycephala as aqua...In order to find out the change pattern of phytoplankton community structure in pond industrial eco-aquaculture system and explain its ecological mechanism,tests were carried out using Megalobrama amblycephala as aquaculture species with two stocking densities.Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou uniformity index were used to study the phytoplankton community structure in aquaculture area( including low stocking density aquaculture area and high stocking density aquaculture area),inlet area,outlet area,purification area,recirculation area,back area of the pond industrial eco-aquaculture system.The results showed that a total of 92 species of 5 phyla were identified,including 46 species of Chlorophyta,15 species of Cyanophyta,15 species of Euglenophyta,10 species of Bacillariophyta,5 species of Cryptophyta,and 1 species of Pyrrophyta.The numbers of phytoplankton species,biodiversity indexes,uniformity indexes,Chlorophyta biomass and its proportion in total phytoplankton followed the order of inlet area,purification area,recirculation area,back area > low stocking area > high stocking area > outlet area.The total biomass of phytoplankton,Cyanophyta biomass and its proportion in total phytoplankton followed the order of inlet area,purification area,recirculation area,back area < low stocking area < high stocking area < outlet area.However,all these parameters showed no significant differences or change rules among inlet area,purification area,recirculation area,back area.It could be concluded according to the biodiversity that the water quality in outlet area was at middle pollution level,the water quality in high stocking area was in light pollution level,and the water quality in other 5 areas were at clean level,which suggested that the water quality was in good states except that in outlet area,and the pond industrial eco-aquaculture system functioned well.展开更多
Carrying out the treatment of aquaculture tail water and realizing the discharge and recycling of the aquaculture tail water are the inevitable trend in the development of the fishery industry at present and in the fu...Carrying out the treatment of aquaculture tail water and realizing the discharge and recycling of the aquaculture tail water are the inevitable trend in the development of the fishery industry at present and in the future.For this reason,this paper reviewed the characteristics of pond aquaculture tail water,the sources of pollutants in intensive aquaculture tail water,the important parameters in the water body that affect the growth of cultured organisms,and the water treatment methods in the process of aquaculture,and prospected from the technical level and industrial policy level,hoping to accumulate data for promoting the green development of aquaculture and cleaner production.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to understand the potential harm of BDE-47 to fish and aquatic ecosystems and obtain relevant toxicological data from the perspective of vitellogenin.[Methods]Adopting the semi-sta...[Objectives]This study was conducted to understand the potential harm of BDE-47 to fish and aquatic ecosystems and obtain relevant toxicological data from the perspective of vitellogenin.[Methods]Adopting the semi-static water exposure method,three exposure concentrations of 5,50,and 500μg/L and five sampling time of 1,3,7,15,and 30 d were set to investigate the effect of BDE-47 on vitellogenin in tilapia liver.[Results]The low concentration of BDE-47(5μg/L)had no effect on the level of vitellogenin in the liver of tilapia.When exposed to high concentrations of BDE-47(50 and 500μg/L),the VTG content of tilapia liver showed a trend of first decreasing,then returning to normal,and then increasing.An abnormal VTG content indicates that the endocrine system of tilapia is disturbed to a certain extent.[Conclusions]This study plays a role in promoting the formulation of relevant water quality standards and the protection of aquatic living resources.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effect of tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-47)on the activity of 11-ketotestosterone(11-KT)in tilapia liver,with a view to understanding the potential hazard of BDE-...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effect of tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-47)on the activity of 11-ketotestosterone(11-KT)in tilapia liver,with a view to understanding the potential hazard of BDE-47 on fish and aquatic ecosystems from the perspective of sex steroid hormones.[Methods]Adopting the semi-static water exposure method,3 exposure concentrations of 5,50,and 500μg/L and 5 sampling time of 1,3,7,15,and 30 d were set to investigate the effect of BDE-47 on 11-ketotestosterone in tilapia liver.[Results]The low concentration of BDE-47(5μg/L)had no effect on the 11-KT level of tilapia liver;and when exposed to high concentrations of BDE-47(50 and 500μg/L),11-KT in the liver of tilapia was first suppressed and then returned to the normal level.Because the fish reproductive process is completed under the coordinated regulation of sex steroid hormones,significant changes of 11-KT in the liver of tilapia may cause its reproductive dysfunction to a certain extent.[Conclusions]This study provides relevant toxicological data for promoting the formulation(revision)of relevant water quality standards and the formulation of limit standards,and facilitating the protection of aquatic living resources and aquatic ecosystems.展开更多
[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl ether on Chlorella vulgaris and provide basic data for protecting aquatic ecosystems. [Methods] Th...[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl ether on Chlorella vulgaris and provide basic data for protecting aquatic ecosystems. [Methods] The acute toxicity effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether on C. vulgaris was investigated by the semi-static water contacting acute toxicity method. [Results] The 48,72 and 96 h-EC(50) of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether to C. vulgaris were23. 58,18. 71 and 14. 75 μg/L,respectively,and the safe concentration of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether to C. vulgaris was 1. 475μg/L. For the water solubility of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether is extremely low( 1 μg/L),it could not cause the acute poisoning death of C. vulgaris. According to the grading standards for the assessment of the toxicity on algae,2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether was extremely highly toxic to C. vulgaris. [Conclusions]The extremely high toxicity of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether to C. vulgaris shows that it has heavy potential harm to aquatic ecosystems and the maximum residue limit standards of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether in water should be formulated to better protect aquatic ecosystems.展开更多
The acute toxicity of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether on Chlorella vulgaris, Dqohnia magna and Barchydanio rerio was analyzed using semi-static water contacting acute toxicity method. The results showed that the ...The acute toxicity of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether on Chlorella vulgaris, Dqohnia magna and Barchydanio rerio was analyzed using semi-static water contacting acute toxicity method. The results showed that the 96 h-EC50 of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-47) on C. vulgaris was 3.97 μg/L, the 48 h-LC50 and 96 h-LC50 of BDE-47 on D. magna were 1.09 and 0.84 mg/L respectively, and the 96 h-LC50 of BDE-47 on B. rerio was higher than 56.2 mg/L. According to the grading standard of toxicity evaluation, BDE-47 had extremely high toxicity to C. vulgaris, high toxicity to D. magna, and low to medium toxicity to B. rerio. The toxicity of BDE-47 to C. vulgaris, D. magna and B. rerio followed the order of C. vulgaris>D. magna>B. rerio. For the water solubility of BDE-47 is extremely low(15 μg/L), it could not cause the acute poisoning death of D. magna and B. rerio.展开更多
Tilapia were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of 0,0. 2,2,20 or 200 μg/L for 30 d,and then transferred to methomyl-free water for 18 d. CAT and SOD in tilapia serum were examined at 0,6,12,18,24 and 30 d after me...Tilapia were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of 0,0. 2,2,20 or 200 μg/L for 30 d,and then transferred to methomyl-free water for 18 d. CAT and SOD in tilapia serum were examined at 0,6,12,18,24 and 30 d after methomyl exposure and at 18 d after transferring to methomyl-free water. There were no significant changes in antioxidants activities in tilapia exposed to 0. 2 μg/L. Significant increases in SOD,CAT were observed following methomyl exposure to 2,20 or 200 μg/L,suggesting the presence of oxidative stress. Thus,the 0. 2 μg/L methomyl might be considered the no observed adverse effect level. Recovery data showed that the effects produced by lower concentration of 20 μg/L were reversible but not at the higher concentration of 200 μg/L.展开更多
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles which carry specific molecular information from donor cells and act as an intercellular communication vehicle,which have emerged as a novel cell-free strategy for the treatment of m...Exosomes are extracellular vesicles which carry specific molecular information from donor cells and act as an intercellular communication vehicle,which have emerged as a novel cell-free strategy for the treatment of many diseases including inflammatory disease.Recently,rising studies have developed exosome-based strategies for novel inflammation therapy due to their biocompatibility and bioactivity.Researchers not only use native exosomes as therapeutic agents for inflammation,but also strive to make up for the natural defects of exosomes through engineering methods to improve and update the property of exosomes for enhanced therapeutic effects.The engineered exosomes can improve cargo-loading efficiency,targeting ability,stability,etc.,to achieve combined and diverse treatment strategies in inflammation diseases.Herein,a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in application studies of native and engineered exosomes as well as the engineered methods is provided.Meanwhile,potential application prospects,possible challenges,the development of clinical researches of exosome treatment strategy are concluded from plentiful examples,which may be able to provide guidance and suggestions for the future research and application of exosomes.展开更多
基金the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)(grant number 2015CB251600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51874280)+1 种基金the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Hazards Mechanism and Control (grant number KF2017-02)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Water-conserving mining is an effective way to alleviate the contradiction between fragile ecological environment and high-intensity coal mining in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China. It needs to consider the engineering and geological conditions, hydrogeological conditions and mining methods of coal seams. From the three aspects, this paper systematically analyzes the influencing factors and establishes an identification model with multi-level structures. The model includes three primary factors (including the engineering and geological conditions, hydrogeological conditions and mining methods), nine secondary factors (including overlying strata thickness, aquiclude, mining parameters and etc.), sixteen third-tier factors (including the faults, aquiclude thickness and effective mining height and etc.) and twelve fourth-tier factors (including the fault throw exp on ent, aquiclude permeability and coal pillar sizes and etc.). On the basis, the analytic hierarchy process is used to build the judgment matrix and obtain the weight of each influencing factor. The results indicate that the overlying strata thickness, aquiclude and effective mining height are the most import a nt factors among the primary factors of engineering and geological conditions, hydrogeological conditions and mining methods, respectively. The research results could provide theoretical references for the water-conserving mining of coal resources in northwest China.
文摘Yushenfu mining area is located in an ecological fragile area in western China, the coal seam of which is the Jurassic Ysn'an Foirnalion. The Jurassic Yan'an Formation con tains five minable coal seams, the top layer of which is thick, covered by shallow overburden and located under aquifers. Therefore, the mining induced water flowing fractured zone can easily extend to the aquifers of both the Quaternary Sarahu and Jurassic Zhiluo Formation. This would result in a series of negative hydrological and ecological effects, including groundwater leakage, groundwater lowering, furtherly causing surface vegetation withering and dying, surface water body reduction, spring drying out, and water flow of river being decreased substantially. To solve these environmental problems, several technologies have been carried out by Chinese scientists, one of which is water-preserved coal mining. This paper presents a review of the origin, definition and development of water-preserved coal mining, and its applications in Yushenfu mining area. The applicable conditions, research contents, research methodology, and technical foundation of water-preserved coal mining are addressed in this paper. The future research focuses regarding water-preserved coal mining in China are also discussed in this paper. Its results serve as a guide for selecting the methods to be preferred for mining in case the geological conditions, roof overburden structure and coal mining process are similar to Yushenfu mining area.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(2016HY-ZD0701)the National Science and Technology Support Program Project(2015BAD13B03)the Special Fund of China Agriculture Research System(CARS-49)
文摘Rice-fish integrated farming( RFIF) can change the agricultural production pattern from mono-farming model to the co-farming model,and the stereoscopic and integrated farming system established by RFIF can change the flat production to the stereoscopic production. Therefore,RFIF is the important development direction for agriculture to change pattern and adjust structure. In order to further promote development of the research and application of RFIF,the general development situation of RFIF in China was reviewed; the effects of RFIF on increasing farmer' income and enhancing agricultural efficiency were clarified. The technologies matched with RFIF,such as rice paddy engineering technology,safe plant protection technology,security fertilization technology,fish disease prevention and control technology and water quality management technology,were summarized,and the supporting role of RFIF for agriculture was pointed out. In addition,the development prospect of RFIF was proposed,as well as the key research direction of RFIF.
基金This paper was supported by Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China(2019JLZ-03).
文摘Groundwater of Luohe Formation is the main water source for industrial and agricultural and residential use in Binchang mining area,which is one of the key elements to water conservation coal mining.However,few studies are available to document the enrichment characteristics and influence of underground coal mining on groundwater for the Luohe Formation.This study evaluates the changes of groundwater levels and spring flow caused by mining activities to explore the influence mechanism of coal mining on groundwater by comparatively analysing existing mining data and survey data combined with a series of mapping methods.The results show that the aquifer of Luohe Formation are gradually thinning south-eastwards,disappeared at the mining boundary.In the vertical direction,the lithological structure is distinct,due to alternative sedimentation of meandering river facies and braided river facies.According to the yielding property,the aquifer is divided into three sections,namely,strong water-rich section,medium water-rich section,and weak water-rich section,which are located in northwest and central part,southwest,and the rest part of the mining area,respectively.Mining of Tingnan Coal Mine since 2004 has caused a 3.16 to 194.87 meters drop in groundwater level of Luohe Formation.Until 2015,70.10%of the mining area undergoes a groundwater level drop larger than 10.00 meters.Another influence of underground mining is that the total flow from 34 springs in 8 southern coal mines of the area has decreased by 286.48 L/s with a rate of decrease at 46.95%from 2007 to 2017.The areas that groundwater level falls or spring flow declines are manly located in the mine gob areas.Results also indicate that the ratio of the height of water conducted fracture zone to the mining height in Binchang mining area is between 16.85 and 27.92.This may increase ground water flow in vertical direction,causing a water level in the aquifer system to drop and ultimately decreasing the flow from the springs.The research results will provide data and theoretical support for the protection of groundwater resources and water conservation coal mining of Luohe Formation in Binchang mining area.
基金Support by the Projects of the National Science and Technology Pillar Program(2015BAD13B03)Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-49)
文摘A two-month trial was carried out in China to evaluate the possibility of recycling animal manure through pond tilapia production.And the effects of chicken manure,cattle manure and chicken-cattle mixture together on the water quality and tilapia production were investigated.The results showed that the yield of tilapia was 3.46,3.89,2.49 and 3.20 kg in the control,chicken M,cattle M,and chicken-cattle M,respectively,and the tilapia yields following the order of chicken M>control>chicken-cattle M>cattle M.The tilapia yield in chicken M group increased by 12.43% compared with the control.Chicken manure could increase the tilapia production,but cattle manure has no the effect.And the effect of animal manure on water quality showed that adding chicken manure into tilapia pond could make water quality decreased at the beginning 20 d,but could increase water quality after 20 d and stabilize the phytoplankton structure.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program(2015BAD13B03)China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-49)
文摘A two-month trial was carried out to evaluate the possibility of using algae and animal manure in tilapia culture.And the effect of algae,chicken manure and algae mixture together,cattle manure and algae mixture together,chicken-cattle manure and algae mixture together on the water quality and tilapia production was researched.The results showed that the yield of tilapia were 3.46,4.33,3.81,2.92 and 3.76 kg in Control,Algae,Chicken-A,Cattle-A and C-C-A,respectively,following the order of Algae>Chicken-A>C-C-A>Control>Cattle-A,and tilapia yield in Algae and chicken manure treatment groups increased by 25.0%and 10.1%respectively compared with the control.Algae and chicken manure could increase the tilapia production,but cattle manure has no the effect.And the effect of algae and animal manure on water quality showed that adding chicken manure into tilapia pond could make water quality decreased at the beginning 20 d,but could increase water quality after 20 d and it can stabilize the phytoplankton structure in aquaculture water.Adding Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus quadricauda into tilapia pond could make water quality in a good state during the aquaculture process and it can stabilize the phytoplankton structure in aquaculture water.
基金the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-46)。
文摘With Oreochromis niloticus as the object of study,glucose was added as a carbon source to promote the formation of the biological flocs for replacing part of the feed,and three gradients were set up,namely Group A(all feed),Group B(replacement of 10%feed)and Group C(replacement of 20%feed),so as to explore the effects of photosynthetic bacteria-enhanced biological flocs on tilapia growth and water environment conditions.Meanwhile,the Biolog-ECO technology was applied to study the changes of microbial carbon metabolism diversity in aquaculture water.The results showed that the utilization of microbial carbon sources under different feed replacement gradients increased with the extension of the culture time.The overall performance was in order of 10%replacement>all feed>20%feed replacement.A suitable replacement rate could not only enhance the overall utilization of carbon sources by water microorganisms,but also save culture costs.The principal component analysis showed that the carbon source metabolism of the water microbial communities under different feed replacement gradients was significantly different.Specifically,polysaccharides,esters and amino acids were the preferred carbon sources of water microbes,while the utilization of amines and acids was low.
基金Supported by the Fund for Independent Innovation of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Province(CX(16)1004)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2015BAD13B03)
文摘In order to find out the change pattern of phytoplankton community structure in pond industrial eco-aquaculture system and explain its ecological mechanism,tests were carried out using Megalobrama amblycephala as aquaculture species with two stocking densities.Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou uniformity index were used to study the phytoplankton community structure in aquaculture area( including low stocking density aquaculture area and high stocking density aquaculture area),inlet area,outlet area,purification area,recirculation area,back area of the pond industrial eco-aquaculture system.The results showed that a total of 92 species of 5 phyla were identified,including 46 species of Chlorophyta,15 species of Cyanophyta,15 species of Euglenophyta,10 species of Bacillariophyta,5 species of Cryptophyta,and 1 species of Pyrrophyta.The numbers of phytoplankton species,biodiversity indexes,uniformity indexes,Chlorophyta biomass and its proportion in total phytoplankton followed the order of inlet area,purification area,recirculation area,back area > low stocking area > high stocking area > outlet area.The total biomass of phytoplankton,Cyanophyta biomass and its proportion in total phytoplankton followed the order of inlet area,purification area,recirculation area,back area < low stocking area < high stocking area < outlet area.However,all these parameters showed no significant differences or change rules among inlet area,purification area,recirculation area,back area.It could be concluded according to the biodiversity that the water quality in outlet area was at middle pollution level,the water quality in high stocking area was in light pollution level,and the water quality in other 5 areas were at clean level,which suggested that the water quality was in good states except that in outlet area,and the pond industrial eco-aquaculture system functioned well.
基金Supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-46)Project of Kunshan Yangcheng Lake Crab Industrial Research Institute.
文摘Carrying out the treatment of aquaculture tail water and realizing the discharge and recycling of the aquaculture tail water are the inevitable trend in the development of the fishery industry at present and in the future.For this reason,this paper reviewed the characteristics of pond aquaculture tail water,the sources of pollutants in intensive aquaculture tail water,the important parameters in the water body that affect the growth of cultured organisms,and the water treatment methods in the process of aquaculture,and prospected from the technical level and industrial policy level,hoping to accumulate data for promoting the green development of aquaculture and cleaner production.
基金National Key R&D Program(2020YFD0900502)Special Project of National Characteristic Freshwater Fish Industry Technology System(CARS-46).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to understand the potential harm of BDE-47 to fish and aquatic ecosystems and obtain relevant toxicological data from the perspective of vitellogenin.[Methods]Adopting the semi-static water exposure method,three exposure concentrations of 5,50,and 500μg/L and five sampling time of 1,3,7,15,and 30 d were set to investigate the effect of BDE-47 on vitellogenin in tilapia liver.[Results]The low concentration of BDE-47(5μg/L)had no effect on the level of vitellogenin in the liver of tilapia.When exposed to high concentrations of BDE-47(50 and 500μg/L),the VTG content of tilapia liver showed a trend of first decreasing,then returning to normal,and then increasing.An abnormal VTG content indicates that the endocrine system of tilapia is disturbed to a certain extent.[Conclusions]This study plays a role in promoting the formulation of relevant water quality standards and the protection of aquatic living resources.
基金National Key R&D Program(2020YFD0900502)Special Project of National Characteristic Freshwater Fish Industry Technology System(CARS-46).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effect of tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-47)on the activity of 11-ketotestosterone(11-KT)in tilapia liver,with a view to understanding the potential hazard of BDE-47 on fish and aquatic ecosystems from the perspective of sex steroid hormones.[Methods]Adopting the semi-static water exposure method,3 exposure concentrations of 5,50,and 500μg/L and 5 sampling time of 1,3,7,15,and 30 d were set to investigate the effect of BDE-47 on 11-ketotestosterone in tilapia liver.[Results]The low concentration of BDE-47(5μg/L)had no effect on the 11-KT level of tilapia liver;and when exposed to high concentrations of BDE-47(50 and 500μg/L),11-KT in the liver of tilapia was first suppressed and then returned to the normal level.Because the fish reproductive process is completed under the coordinated regulation of sex steroid hormones,significant changes of 11-KT in the liver of tilapia may cause its reproductive dysfunction to a certain extent.[Conclusions]This study provides relevant toxicological data for promoting the formulation(revision)of relevant water quality standards and the formulation of limit standards,and facilitating the protection of aquatic living resources and aquatic ecosystems.
基金Supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research FundChinese Academy of Fishery Science (2017HY-ZD0208)China Agricultural Research System-Freshwater Fish (CARS-46)。
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl ether on Chlorella vulgaris and provide basic data for protecting aquatic ecosystems. [Methods] The acute toxicity effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether on C. vulgaris was investigated by the semi-static water contacting acute toxicity method. [Results] The 48,72 and 96 h-EC(50) of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether to C. vulgaris were23. 58,18. 71 and 14. 75 μg/L,respectively,and the safe concentration of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether to C. vulgaris was 1. 475μg/L. For the water solubility of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether is extremely low( 1 μg/L),it could not cause the acute poisoning death of C. vulgaris. According to the grading standards for the assessment of the toxicity on algae,2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether was extremely highly toxic to C. vulgaris. [Conclusions]The extremely high toxicity of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether to C. vulgaris shows that it has heavy potential harm to aquatic ecosystems and the maximum residue limit standards of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether in water should be formulated to better protect aquatic ecosystems.
基金Supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science(2017HY-ZD0208)China Agricultural Research System-Freshwater Fish(CARS-46)
文摘The acute toxicity of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether on Chlorella vulgaris, Dqohnia magna and Barchydanio rerio was analyzed using semi-static water contacting acute toxicity method. The results showed that the 96 h-EC50 of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-47) on C. vulgaris was 3.97 μg/L, the 48 h-LC50 and 96 h-LC50 of BDE-47 on D. magna were 1.09 and 0.84 mg/L respectively, and the 96 h-LC50 of BDE-47 on B. rerio was higher than 56.2 mg/L. According to the grading standard of toxicity evaluation, BDE-47 had extremely high toxicity to C. vulgaris, high toxicity to D. magna, and low to medium toxicity to B. rerio. The toxicity of BDE-47 to C. vulgaris, D. magna and B. rerio followed the order of C. vulgaris>D. magna>B. rerio. For the water solubility of BDE-47 is extremely low(15 μg/L), it could not cause the acute poisoning death of D. magna and B. rerio.
基金Supported by the Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(No.2015C02XK01)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Youth(No.BK20150117)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-46)
文摘Tilapia were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of 0,0. 2,2,20 or 200 μg/L for 30 d,and then transferred to methomyl-free water for 18 d. CAT and SOD in tilapia serum were examined at 0,6,12,18,24 and 30 d after methomyl exposure and at 18 d after transferring to methomyl-free water. There were no significant changes in antioxidants activities in tilapia exposed to 0. 2 μg/L. Significant increases in SOD,CAT were observed following methomyl exposure to 2,20 or 200 μg/L,suggesting the presence of oxidative stress. Thus,the 0. 2 μg/L methomyl might be considered the no observed adverse effect level. Recovery data showed that the effects produced by lower concentration of 20 μg/L were reversible but not at the higher concentration of 200 μg/L.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51773154,31771090,31971323,and 81871315)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation(No.18JC1414500)Young Hundred-Talent Program of Tongji University.
文摘Exosomes are extracellular vesicles which carry specific molecular information from donor cells and act as an intercellular communication vehicle,which have emerged as a novel cell-free strategy for the treatment of many diseases including inflammatory disease.Recently,rising studies have developed exosome-based strategies for novel inflammation therapy due to their biocompatibility and bioactivity.Researchers not only use native exosomes as therapeutic agents for inflammation,but also strive to make up for the natural defects of exosomes through engineering methods to improve and update the property of exosomes for enhanced therapeutic effects.The engineered exosomes can improve cargo-loading efficiency,targeting ability,stability,etc.,to achieve combined and diverse treatment strategies in inflammation diseases.Herein,a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in application studies of native and engineered exosomes as well as the engineered methods is provided.Meanwhile,potential application prospects,possible challenges,the development of clinical researches of exosome treatment strategy are concluded from plentiful examples,which may be able to provide guidance and suggestions for the future research and application of exosomes.
