Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a complex metabolic disease threatening human health.We investigated the effects of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharide(TGP)and determined its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of T2...Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a complex metabolic disease threatening human health.We investigated the effects of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharide(TGP)and determined its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of T2DM established through a high-fat diet and streptozotocin.TGP(5.1×10^(3) Da)was composed of mannose,glucosamine,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galactosamine,glucose,galactose,xylose,and fucose.It could significantly alleviate weight loss,reduce fasting blood glucose levels,reverse dyslipidemia,reduce liver damage from oxidative stress,and improve insulin sensitivity.RT-PCR and Western blotting indicated that TGP could activate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway to regulate disorders in glucolipid metabolism and improve insulin resistance.TGP increased the abundance of Allobaculum,Akkermansia,and Bifidobacterium,restored the microbiota abundance in the intestinal tracts of mice with T2DM,and promoted short-chain fatty acid production.This study provides new insights into the antidiabetic effects of TGP and highlights its potential as a natural hypoglycemic nutraceutical.展开更多
CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a powerful genome manipulation tool in insects.However,little is known about whether mRNA and protein of a target gene are completely cleared in homozygous mutants.This study generated homozy...CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a powerful genome manipulation tool in insects.However,little is known about whether mRNA and protein of a target gene are completely cleared in homozygous mutants.This study generated homozygous mutants of the insulin receptor gene 2(NlInR2)in the brown planthopper(Nilaparvata lugens)using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.Both frameshift mutants,E5_D17 and E6_I7,differentiated towards long wings,but there were differences in wing morphology,with E5_D17 showing wing deformities.Subsequent investigations revealed the presence of residual expression of NlInR2 mRNA in both mutants,as well as the occurrence of spliceosomes featuring exon skipping splicing in E5_D17.Additionally,the E5_D17 exhibited the detection of N-terminally truncated NlInR2 protein.RNA interference experiments indicated that the knockdown of NlInR2 expression in the E5_D17 mutant line increased the proportion of wing deformities from 11.1 to 65.6%,suggesting that the residual NlInR2 mRNA of the E5_D17 mutant might have retained some genetic functions.Our results imply that systematic characterization of residual protein expression or function in CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutant lines is necessary for phenotypic interpretation.展开更多
High energy density Li-CO_(2)batteries have attracted much attention owing to the"two birds with one stone"feature in fixing greenhouse gas CO_(2)and providing renewable energy.However,poor reversibility of ...High energy density Li-CO_(2)batteries have attracted much attention owing to the"two birds with one stone"feature in fixing greenhouse gas CO_(2)and providing renewable energy.However,poor reversibility of the discharge product Li_(2)CO_(3)is one of the main problems that limit its application,resulting in poor cycling stability and severe polarization.Herein,copper indium sulfide(CIS),a semiconducting non-precious metal sulfide,is fabricated as cathode catalysts for high-performance Li-CO_(2)batteries.Combined with the synergistic effect of bimetallic valence bonding and coordinated electron transfer,Li-CO_(2)batteries using CIS cathodes exhibit high full specific discharge capacity,excellent rate capability and cycle stability,namely it delivers a high specific full discharge capacity of 8878μAh cm^(-2),runs steadily from 10 to 100μA cm^(-2),and performs a stable long-term cycling behavior(>1050 h)under a high energy efficiency of 84%and a low charge voltage of approximately 3.4 V at 20μA cm^(-2)within 100μAh cm^(-2).In addition,a flexible Li-CO_(2)pouch cell is constructed to reveal the potential of employing CIS to fabricate flexible high energy storage devices in practical applications.This work shows a promising development pathway toward next-generation sustainable energy storage devices.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver cancer resection,especially in patients with hemihepatectomy or extended hemihepatectomy,often leads to poor prognosis,such as liver insufficiency and even liver failure and death,because the standard...BACKGROUND Liver cancer resection,especially in patients with hemihepatectomy or extended hemihepatectomy,often leads to poor prognosis,such as liver insufficiency and even liver failure and death,because the standard residual liver volume(SRLV)cannot be fully compensated after surgery.AIM To explore the risk factors of poor prognosis after hemihepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluate the application value of related prognostic approaches.METHODS The clinical data of 35 patients with primary liver cancer in Nantong Third People's Hospital from February 2016 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic curve was created using medcac19.0.4 to compare the critical values of the SRLV in different stages of liver fibrosis after hemihepatectomy with those of liver dysfunction after hemihepatectomy.It was constructed by combining the Child-Pugh score to evaluate its application value in predicting liver function compensation.RESULTS The liver stiffness measure(LSM)value and SRLV were associated with liver dysfunction after hemihepatectomy.Logistic regression analysis showed that an LSM value≥25 kPa[odds ratio(OR)=6.254,P<0.05]and SRLV≤0.290 L/m^(2)(OR=5.686,P<0.05)were independent risk factors for postoperative liver dysfunction.The accuracy of the new liver reserve evaluation model for predicting postoperative liver function was higher than that of the Child-Pugh score(P<0.05).CONCLUSION SRLV and LSM values can be used to evaluate the safety of hemihepatectomy.The new liver reserve evaluation model has good application potential in the evaluation of liver reserve function after hemihepatectomy.展开更多
目的:探讨抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群相对丰度和认知功能的特点及两者的相关性。方法:选取2021年12月至2022年6月间来自宁波市第一医院心身医学科的78例抑郁障碍患者为病例组,60名健康志愿者为对照组,使用Thinc-it工具[包括数字符号替代测试(...目的:探讨抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群相对丰度和认知功能的特点及两者的相关性。方法:选取2021年12月至2022年6月间来自宁波市第一医院心身医学科的78例抑郁障碍患者为病例组,60名健康志愿者为对照组,使用Thinc-it工具[包括数字符号替代测试(digit symbol substitution test,DSST)、选择反应时间任务(choice reaction time task,CRT)、连线测验(trail making test,TMT)-B、1-back记忆任务(1-back Memory task,1-BACK)和抑郁症认知损害5项问卷(perceived deficits questionnaire-5,PDQ-5-D)]评估认知功能,应用16SrDNA测序技术获得组间肠道菌群的相对丰度特征。采用Pearson相关性分析抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群相对丰度与认知功能的相关性。结果:与对照组相比,病例组PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数明显升高,CRT、1-BACK、DSST计数均显著下降(P均<0.01);病例组变形菌门、肠杆菌科、埃希氏-志贺氏菌属的相对丰度较对照组升高,拟杆菌门、放线菌门、双歧杆菌科、双歧杆菌属的相对丰度均较对照组降低(P均<0.05)。变形菌门的相对丰度与PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数均呈负相关(P均<0.05);肠杆菌科的相对丰度与PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数呈负相关,与DSST计数呈正相关(P均<0.05);埃希氏-志贺氏菌属的相对丰度与TMT-B耗时数呈负相关,与DSST计数呈正相关(P均<0.05)。结论:抑郁障碍患者存在认知功能损害及肠道菌群相对丰度的变化,两者具有相关性。展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFD0900902)Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project(LGJ21C20001)Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Project of China(2019C02076 and 2019C02075)。
文摘Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a complex metabolic disease threatening human health.We investigated the effects of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharide(TGP)and determined its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of T2DM established through a high-fat diet and streptozotocin.TGP(5.1×10^(3) Da)was composed of mannose,glucosamine,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galactosamine,glucose,galactose,xylose,and fucose.It could significantly alleviate weight loss,reduce fasting blood glucose levels,reverse dyslipidemia,reduce liver damage from oxidative stress,and improve insulin sensitivity.RT-PCR and Western blotting indicated that TGP could activate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway to regulate disorders in glucolipid metabolism and improve insulin resistance.TGP increased the abundance of Allobaculum,Akkermansia,and Bifidobacterium,restored the microbiota abundance in the intestinal tracts of mice with T2DM,and promoted short-chain fatty acid production.This study provides new insights into the antidiabetic effects of TGP and highlights its potential as a natural hypoglycemic nutraceutical.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730073).
文摘CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a powerful genome manipulation tool in insects.However,little is known about whether mRNA and protein of a target gene are completely cleared in homozygous mutants.This study generated homozygous mutants of the insulin receptor gene 2(NlInR2)in the brown planthopper(Nilaparvata lugens)using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.Both frameshift mutants,E5_D17 and E6_I7,differentiated towards long wings,but there were differences in wing morphology,with E5_D17 showing wing deformities.Subsequent investigations revealed the presence of residual expression of NlInR2 mRNA in both mutants,as well as the occurrence of spliceosomes featuring exon skipping splicing in E5_D17.Additionally,the E5_D17 exhibited the detection of N-terminally truncated NlInR2 protein.RNA interference experiments indicated that the knockdown of NlInR2 expression in the E5_D17 mutant line increased the proportion of wing deformities from 11.1 to 65.6%,suggesting that the residual NlInR2 mRNA of the E5_D17 mutant might have retained some genetic functions.Our results imply that systematic characterization of residual protein expression or function in CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutant lines is necessary for phenotypic interpretation.
基金supports by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072352,21875226,U20A2072,52102320)the Foundation for the Youth S&T Innovation Team of Sichuan Province(2020JDTD0035)+1 种基金Tianfu Rencai Plan,the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Sichuan Province(2017JQ0036)the Chengdu Talent plan,Science and Technology Projects for Administration for Market Regulation of Sichuan Province(SCSJ2020016).
文摘High energy density Li-CO_(2)batteries have attracted much attention owing to the"two birds with one stone"feature in fixing greenhouse gas CO_(2)and providing renewable energy.However,poor reversibility of the discharge product Li_(2)CO_(3)is one of the main problems that limit its application,resulting in poor cycling stability and severe polarization.Herein,copper indium sulfide(CIS),a semiconducting non-precious metal sulfide,is fabricated as cathode catalysts for high-performance Li-CO_(2)batteries.Combined with the synergistic effect of bimetallic valence bonding and coordinated electron transfer,Li-CO_(2)batteries using CIS cathodes exhibit high full specific discharge capacity,excellent rate capability and cycle stability,namely it delivers a high specific full discharge capacity of 8878μAh cm^(-2),runs steadily from 10 to 100μA cm^(-2),and performs a stable long-term cycling behavior(>1050 h)under a high energy efficiency of 84%and a low charge voltage of approximately 3.4 V at 20μA cm^(-2)within 100μAh cm^(-2).In addition,a flexible Li-CO_(2)pouch cell is constructed to reveal the potential of employing CIS to fabricate flexible high energy storage devices in practical applications.This work shows a promising development pathway toward next-generation sustainable energy storage devices.
基金Supported by Nantong Municipal Health Commission,No.MSZ2022036 and No.QN2022041Nantong Science and Technology Bureau,No.JCZ2022036.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver cancer resection,especially in patients with hemihepatectomy or extended hemihepatectomy,often leads to poor prognosis,such as liver insufficiency and even liver failure and death,because the standard residual liver volume(SRLV)cannot be fully compensated after surgery.AIM To explore the risk factors of poor prognosis after hemihepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluate the application value of related prognostic approaches.METHODS The clinical data of 35 patients with primary liver cancer in Nantong Third People's Hospital from February 2016 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic curve was created using medcac19.0.4 to compare the critical values of the SRLV in different stages of liver fibrosis after hemihepatectomy with those of liver dysfunction after hemihepatectomy.It was constructed by combining the Child-Pugh score to evaluate its application value in predicting liver function compensation.RESULTS The liver stiffness measure(LSM)value and SRLV were associated with liver dysfunction after hemihepatectomy.Logistic regression analysis showed that an LSM value≥25 kPa[odds ratio(OR)=6.254,P<0.05]and SRLV≤0.290 L/m^(2)(OR=5.686,P<0.05)were independent risk factors for postoperative liver dysfunction.The accuracy of the new liver reserve evaluation model for predicting postoperative liver function was higher than that of the Child-Pugh score(P<0.05).CONCLUSION SRLV and LSM values can be used to evaluate the safety of hemihepatectomy.The new liver reserve evaluation model has good application potential in the evaluation of liver reserve function after hemihepatectomy.
文摘目的:探讨抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群相对丰度和认知功能的特点及两者的相关性。方法:选取2021年12月至2022年6月间来自宁波市第一医院心身医学科的78例抑郁障碍患者为病例组,60名健康志愿者为对照组,使用Thinc-it工具[包括数字符号替代测试(digit symbol substitution test,DSST)、选择反应时间任务(choice reaction time task,CRT)、连线测验(trail making test,TMT)-B、1-back记忆任务(1-back Memory task,1-BACK)和抑郁症认知损害5项问卷(perceived deficits questionnaire-5,PDQ-5-D)]评估认知功能,应用16SrDNA测序技术获得组间肠道菌群的相对丰度特征。采用Pearson相关性分析抑郁障碍患者肠道菌群相对丰度与认知功能的相关性。结果:与对照组相比,病例组PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数明显升高,CRT、1-BACK、DSST计数均显著下降(P均<0.01);病例组变形菌门、肠杆菌科、埃希氏-志贺氏菌属的相对丰度较对照组升高,拟杆菌门、放线菌门、双歧杆菌科、双歧杆菌属的相对丰度均较对照组降低(P均<0.05)。变形菌门的相对丰度与PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数均呈负相关(P均<0.05);肠杆菌科的相对丰度与PDQ-5-D评分、TMT-B耗时数呈负相关,与DSST计数呈正相关(P均<0.05);埃希氏-志贺氏菌属的相对丰度与TMT-B耗时数呈负相关,与DSST计数呈正相关(P均<0.05)。结论:抑郁障碍患者存在认知功能损害及肠道菌群相对丰度的变化,两者具有相关性。
