BACKGROUND In China,the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among diabetic patients is estimated to be between 90%-95%.Additionally,China is among the 22 countries burdened by a high number of tuberculosis cas...BACKGROUND In China,the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among diabetic patients is estimated to be between 90%-95%.Additionally,China is among the 22 countries burdened by a high number of tuberculosis cases,with approximately 4.5 million individuals affected by active tuberculosis.Notably,T2DM poses a significant risk factor for the development of tuberculosis,as evidenced by the increased incidence of T2DM coexisting with pulmonary tuberculosis(T2DMPTB),which has risen from 19.3%to 24.1%.It is evident that these two diseases are intricately interconnected and mutually reinforcing in nature.AIM To elucidate the clinical features of individuals diagnosed with both T2DM and tuberculosis(T2DM-PTB),as well as to investigate the potential risk factors associated with active tuberculosis in patients with T2DM.METHODS T2DM-PTB patients who visited our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were selected as the observation group,Simple DM patients presenting to our hospital in the same period were the control group,Controls and case groups were matched 1:2 according to the principle of the same sex,age difference(±3)years and disease duration difference(±5)years,patients were investigated for general demographic characteristics,diabetes-related characteristics,body immune status,lifestyle and behavioral habits,univariate and multivariate analysis of the data using conditional logistic regression,calculate the odds ratio(OR)values and 95%CI of OR values.RESULTS A total of 315 study subjects were included in this study,including 105 subjects in the observation group and 210 subjects in the control group.Comparison of the results of both anthropometric and biochemical measures showed that the constitution index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and lymphocyte count were significantly lower in the case group,while fasting blood glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher than those in the control group.The results of univariate analysis showed that poor glucose control,hypoproteinemia,lymphopenia,TB contact history,high infection,smoking and alcohol consumption were positively associated with PTB in T2DM patients;married,history of hypertension,treatment of oral hypoglycemic drugs plus insulin,overweight,obesity and regular exercise were negatively associated with PTB in T2DM patients.Results of multivariate stepwise regression analysis found lymphopenia(OR=17.75,95%CI:3.40-92.74),smoking(OR=12.25,95%CI:2.53-59.37),history of TB contact(OR=6.56,95%CI:1.23-35.03)and poor glycemic control(OR=3.37,95%CI:1.11-10.25)was associated with an increased risk of developing PTB in patients with T2DM,While being overweight(OR=0.23,95%CI:0.08-0.72)and obesity(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.02-0.72)was associated with a reduced risk of developing PTB in patients with T2DM.CONCLUSION T2DM-PTB patients are prone to worse glycemic control,higher infection frequency,and a higher proportion of people smoking,drinking alcohol,and lack of exercise.Lymphopenia,smoking,history of TB exposure,poor glycemic control were independent risk factors for T2DM-PTB,and overweight and obesity were associated with reduced risk of concurrent PTB in patients with T2DM.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ileal atresia is a congenital abnormality where there is significant stenosis or complete absence of a portion of the ileum.The overall diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in detecting jejunal and il...BACKGROUND Ileal atresia is a congenital abnormality where there is significant stenosis or complete absence of a portion of the ileum.The overall diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in detecting jejunal and ileal atresia is low.We report a case of ileal atresia diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound examination with the“keyboard sign”and“coffee bean sign”.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of ileal atresia diagnosed in utero at 31 weeks'of gestation.Prenatal ultrasound examination revealed two rows of intestines arranged in an‘S’shape in the middle abdomen.The inner diameters were 1.7 cm and 1.6 cm,respectively.A typical“keyboard sign”was observed.The intestine canal behind the“keyboard sign”showed an irregular strong echo.There was no normal intestinal wall structure,showing a typical“coffee bean sign”.Termination of the pregnancy and autopsy findings confirmed the diagnosis.CONCLUSION The prenatal diagnosis of ileal atresia is difficult.The sonographic features of the“keyboard sign”and“coffee bean sign”are helpful in diagnosing the location of congenital jejunal and ileal atresia.展开更多
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood.The number of type 1 diabetes patients in China still ranks fourth in the world.Therefore,children with type 1 diabetes in China are a...BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood.The number of type 1 diabetes patients in China still ranks fourth in the world.Therefore,children with type 1 diabetes in China are a group that needs attention.The management of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)involves many aspects of daily life.It is extremely challenging for children and their families.T1DM children have complex medical care needs.Despite the continuous development of therapeutic medicine and treatment technologies,blood glucose control in children with T1DM is still not ideal.They and their parents need to acquire more knowledge and skills before being discharged.AIM To explore the influence of hospital discharge plan based on parental care needs of children with T1DM on discharge readiness,quality of discharge education and blood glucose control level.METHODS In total,102 parents of children with type 1 diabetes were divided into control group and intervention group according to admission time.Fifty cases from February to June 2019 were selected as the control group,and 52 cases from July to October 2019 were selected as the intervention group to implement the discharge plan.The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale,Hospital Discharged Education Quality Scale and children's blood glucose metabolism indicators were used to compare the differences in discharge preparation,discharge education quality and blood glucose control between the two groups of children and their parents.RESULTS On the day of discharge,the two groups of children had the following scores of readiness for discharge:The intervention group score was 225.34±32.47,and the control group score was 208.68±29.31.The P value was 0.007,and the difference was statistically significant.The discharge education quality scores were as follows:The intervention group score was 135.11±19.86,the control group score was 124.13±15.56,the P value was 0.002 and the difference was statistically significant.Three months after discharge,the blood glucose metabolism indicator showed that the glycosylated hemoglobin value of the two groups was(7.45%±1.04%),and that of the control group was(8.04%±1.27%),P=0.012.Therefore,the improvement of parents'readiness for discharge,quality of discharge education and blood glucose metabolism indicators(glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose)in the intervention group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION The discharge plan for children with T1DM can help the children and their families realize the transition from hospital care to home self-management and improve the parents'readiness for discharge,thereby improving children’s blood glucose control levels.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure.Methods: Guinea pigs mo...Objective: To investigate the electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure.Methods: Guinea pigs model of iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure in 10 guinea pigs of the experimental group was made by feeding a low iron diet,pure water and subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. The control group consisting of 11 guinea pigs was given normal food, normal water and injected with normal saline. The left ventricular outflow tract model specimen was also prepared. The standard microelectrode technique was used to observe electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in the outflow tract of left ventricular heart failure complicated with iron deficiency anemia in guinea pig model. The indicators of observation were maximal diastolic potential, action potential amplitude, 0 phase maximal depolarization velocity, 4 phase automatic depolarization velocity, repolarization 50% and 90%, and spontaneous discharge frequency.Results: Compared with the control group, 4 phase automatic depolarization velocity,spontaneous discharge frequency and 0 phase maximal depolarization velocity decreased significantly(P < 0.01) and action potential amplitude reduced(P < 0.01) in model group. Moreover, repolarization 50% and 90% increased(P < 0.01).Conclusions: There are electrophysiological abnormalities of the left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with heart failure.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the electrophysiology effects and mechanism of iron overload on the slow response autorhythmic cells in the left ventricular outflow tract of guinea pigs.Methods: Standard microelectrode cell...Objective: To investigate the electrophysiology effects and mechanism of iron overload on the slow response autorhythmic cells in the left ventricular outflow tract of guinea pigs.Methods: Standard microelectrode cell recording techniques were adopted to observe the electrophysiological effects of different concentrations of Fe^(2+)(100 μmol/L, 200 μmol/L) on the left ventricular outflow tract autorhythmic cells.Heart tissues were perfused with FeSO_4(200 μmol/L) combing with CaCl_2(4.2 mmol/L), Verapamil,(1 μmol/L), and nickel chloride(200μmol/L) respectively to observe the influences of these contents on electrophysiology of FeSO_4(200μmol/L) on the left ventricular outflow tract autorhythmic cells.Results: Fe^(2+)at both 100 μmol/L and 200 μmol/L could change the electrophysiological parameters of the slow response autorhythmic cells of the left ventricular outflow tract in a concentrationdependent manner resulting into decrease in Vmax, APA and MDP, slower RPF and VDD, and prolonged APD_(50) and APD_(90)(P all <0.05).Besides, perfusion of increased Ca^(2+) concentration could partially offset the electrophysiological effects of Fe^(2+)(200 μmol/L).The L-type calcium channel(LTCC) blocker Verapamil(1 μmol/L) could block the electrophysiological effects of Fe^(2+)(200 μmol/L).But the T-type calcium channel(TTCC) blocker nickel chloride(NiCl_2, 200 μmol/L) could not block the electrophysiological effects of Fe^(2+)(200 μmol/L).Conclusions: Fe^(2+) can directly change the electrophysiological characteristics of the slow response autorhythmic cells of the left ventricular outflow tract probably through the L-type calcium channel.展开更多
BACKGROUND Obesity is an important factor to cause the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Higher body mass index(BMI)often results in more severe OSAHS.Currently,the common measures for controlling the w...BACKGROUND Obesity is an important factor to cause the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Higher body mass index(BMI)often results in more severe OSAHS.Currently,the common measures for controlling the weight mainly include diet control,increase exercise and so on.Motivational interviewing(MI)could explore the patient’s internal state and make the patient realize his/her ambivalence,resulting in the change in his/her behavior.This process emphasizes respecting the patient’s autonomy.AIM To evaluate the effect of MI on the weight control of patients with OSAHS.METHODS A randomized controlled study was conducted in 100 obese OSAHS patients undergoing surgical treatment at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University.The patients were divided into an intervention group and a control group,with 50 cases each.The control group was given routine health education after the operation;in addition to the regular health education,the intervention group was given MI according to a predetermined plan.Obesity-related indicators,postoperative complications,and the sleep status of both groups were evaluated before and 6 mo after the intervention.RESULTS Patients in the intervention group had significantly improved body weight,BMI,and waist and neck circumferences compared with patients in the control group(P<0.05).Regarding complications at 6 mo after operation,the incidence of cough and reflux in patients in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).In addition,the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Self-Rating Scale of Sleep scores of patients in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the sleep status of patients in the intervention group was improved(P<0.05).CONCLUSION MI intervention has a significant advantage over postoperative routine health education.It can greatly change the lifestyle,further control the postoperative weight,reduce the occurrence of complications,improve the quality of sleep,and improve long-term postoperative efficacy in OSAHS patients.展开更多
Benefiting from the environmental friendliness of organic electrodes and the high security of aqueous electrolyte,an all-organic aqueous potassium dual-ion full battery(APDIB) was assembled with 21 M potassium bis(flu...Benefiting from the environmental friendliness of organic electrodes and the high security of aqueous electrolyte,an all-organic aqueous potassium dual-ion full battery(APDIB) was assembled with 21 M potassium bis(fluoroslufonyl)imide(KFSI) water-in-salt as the electrolyte.The APDIB could deliver a reversible capacity of around 50 mAh g^(-1) at 200 mA g^(-1)(based on the weight of total active materials),a long cycle stability over 900 cycles at 500 mA g^(-1) and a high coulombic efficiency of 98.5%.The reaction mechanism of APDIB during the charge/discharge processes is verified:the FSI-could associate/disassociate with the nitrogen atom in the polytriphenylamine(PTPAn) cathode,while the K^(+) could react with C=O bonds in the 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide(PTCDI) anode reversibly.Our work contributes toward the understanding the nature of water-into-salt electrolyte and successfully constructed all-organic APDIB.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To determine the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of depression by performing systematical reviews and meta-analysis from 20 articles of clinical, randomized, controlled studies.DATA SOURCES： A co...OBJECTIVE： To determine the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of depression by performing systematical reviews and meta-analysis from 20 articles of clinical, randomized, controlled studies.DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of PubMed Database, Chinese Biological Medicine Database （VIP database）, China Knowledge Database, and Wanfang Database was performed to search articles published between January 1999 and September 2009. DATA SELECTION： Inclusion criteria： articles published in official academic journals; articles with definite diagnostic criteria and acknowledgment; articles involving subjects with depression or depressive disorders, with no limitations to age, sex, or source; articles involving acupuncture-related therapies （including acupuncture needle, electro-acupuncture, moxibustion, abdominal acupuncture, etc.） as the primary means of intervention; articles of randomized controlled trials or involving ＂randomized controlled＂, ＂randomized grouping＂, or ＂random＂. Jadad scores were utilized to evaluate quality of included articles. Review Manage 4.2.7 software was used to evaluate efficacy of acupuncture in treating depression, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale （HAMD） score, Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） score, and meta-analysis were used to evaluate clinical efficacy. Meta-analysis of a fixed effect model was performed when P 〉 0.05 or P 〉 0.01 in the test for heterogeneity. Meta-analysis of the random effect model was performed when P≤0.05.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Efficacy rate, HAMD scores, and SDS scores. RESULTS： Quality evaluation of the 20 selected clinical, randomized, controlled trials demonstrated baseline equilibrium and randomness, although a considerable number of randomized studies simply mentioned ＂random＂ without describing a specific method. Therefore, the reliability of randomness was relatively low. An envelope to hide the information was not used, and proper blinding was difficult to implement due to the innate features of acupuncture. The follow-up rate was low, and reasons for dropout were not explored. Therefore, it was not possible to objectively evaluate the study results. In addition, the study did not estimate sample size; it was unclear whether the sample was truly representative of general characteristics. Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture monotherapy exhibited similar efficacy to Western medicine for treating depression： combined effect size OR = 1.66, 95% CI： 0.59 -4.65, combined effect value test： Z= 0.97, P = 0.33. Comparison of the efficacy of acupuncture combination therapy with Western medicine demonstrated a combined effect size OR = 2.46, 95% CI： 1.64-3.71 and combined effect of the value of Z= 4.32 （P 〈 0.01）, implying that there was insufficient evidence to prove a superior effect of acupuncture combination therapy over Western medicine. In terms of HAMD and SDS scores, the weighted mean difference was -2.01 and -8.68, respectively, with 95% Cl： -3.48 to 0.53, -11.21 to -6.16 （P 〈 0.01）, suggesting that acupuncture efficacy was significantly better than the control group.CONCLUSION： The efficacy of acupuncture monotherapy was similar to Western medicine for treating depression. However, efficacy of combination therapy remains uncertain due to inadequate study design （implementation of randomization and blinding, sample size estimation, and data processing methods）.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND In China,the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among diabetic patients is estimated to be between 90%-95%.Additionally,China is among the 22 countries burdened by a high number of tuberculosis cases,with approximately 4.5 million individuals affected by active tuberculosis.Notably,T2DM poses a significant risk factor for the development of tuberculosis,as evidenced by the increased incidence of T2DM coexisting with pulmonary tuberculosis(T2DMPTB),which has risen from 19.3%to 24.1%.It is evident that these two diseases are intricately interconnected and mutually reinforcing in nature.AIM To elucidate the clinical features of individuals diagnosed with both T2DM and tuberculosis(T2DM-PTB),as well as to investigate the potential risk factors associated with active tuberculosis in patients with T2DM.METHODS T2DM-PTB patients who visited our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were selected as the observation group,Simple DM patients presenting to our hospital in the same period were the control group,Controls and case groups were matched 1:2 according to the principle of the same sex,age difference(±3)years and disease duration difference(±5)years,patients were investigated for general demographic characteristics,diabetes-related characteristics,body immune status,lifestyle and behavioral habits,univariate and multivariate analysis of the data using conditional logistic regression,calculate the odds ratio(OR)values and 95%CI of OR values.RESULTS A total of 315 study subjects were included in this study,including 105 subjects in the observation group and 210 subjects in the control group.Comparison of the results of both anthropometric and biochemical measures showed that the constitution index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and lymphocyte count were significantly lower in the case group,while fasting blood glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher than those in the control group.The results of univariate analysis showed that poor glucose control,hypoproteinemia,lymphopenia,TB contact history,high infection,smoking and alcohol consumption were positively associated with PTB in T2DM patients;married,history of hypertension,treatment of oral hypoglycemic drugs plus insulin,overweight,obesity and regular exercise were negatively associated with PTB in T2DM patients.Results of multivariate stepwise regression analysis found lymphopenia(OR=17.75,95%CI:3.40-92.74),smoking(OR=12.25,95%CI:2.53-59.37),history of TB contact(OR=6.56,95%CI:1.23-35.03)and poor glycemic control(OR=3.37,95%CI:1.11-10.25)was associated with an increased risk of developing PTB in patients with T2DM,While being overweight(OR=0.23,95%CI:0.08-0.72)and obesity(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.02-0.72)was associated with a reduced risk of developing PTB in patients with T2DM.CONCLUSION T2DM-PTB patients are prone to worse glycemic control,higher infection frequency,and a higher proportion of people smoking,drinking alcohol,and lack of exercise.Lymphopenia,smoking,history of TB exposure,poor glycemic control were independent risk factors for T2DM-PTB,and overweight and obesity were associated with reduced risk of concurrent PTB in patients with T2DM.
文摘BACKGROUND Ileal atresia is a congenital abnormality where there is significant stenosis or complete absence of a portion of the ileum.The overall diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in detecting jejunal and ileal atresia is low.We report a case of ileal atresia diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound examination with the“keyboard sign”and“coffee bean sign”.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of ileal atresia diagnosed in utero at 31 weeks'of gestation.Prenatal ultrasound examination revealed two rows of intestines arranged in an‘S’shape in the middle abdomen.The inner diameters were 1.7 cm and 1.6 cm,respectively.A typical“keyboard sign”was observed.The intestine canal behind the“keyboard sign”showed an irregular strong echo.There was no normal intestinal wall structure,showing a typical“coffee bean sign”.Termination of the pregnancy and autopsy findings confirmed the diagnosis.CONCLUSION The prenatal diagnosis of ileal atresia is difficult.The sonographic features of the“keyboard sign”and“coffee bean sign”are helpful in diagnosing the location of congenital jejunal and ileal atresia.
文摘BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood.The number of type 1 diabetes patients in China still ranks fourth in the world.Therefore,children with type 1 diabetes in China are a group that needs attention.The management of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)involves many aspects of daily life.It is extremely challenging for children and their families.T1DM children have complex medical care needs.Despite the continuous development of therapeutic medicine and treatment technologies,blood glucose control in children with T1DM is still not ideal.They and their parents need to acquire more knowledge and skills before being discharged.AIM To explore the influence of hospital discharge plan based on parental care needs of children with T1DM on discharge readiness,quality of discharge education and blood glucose control level.METHODS In total,102 parents of children with type 1 diabetes were divided into control group and intervention group according to admission time.Fifty cases from February to June 2019 were selected as the control group,and 52 cases from July to October 2019 were selected as the intervention group to implement the discharge plan.The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale,Hospital Discharged Education Quality Scale and children's blood glucose metabolism indicators were used to compare the differences in discharge preparation,discharge education quality and blood glucose control between the two groups of children and their parents.RESULTS On the day of discharge,the two groups of children had the following scores of readiness for discharge:The intervention group score was 225.34±32.47,and the control group score was 208.68±29.31.The P value was 0.007,and the difference was statistically significant.The discharge education quality scores were as follows:The intervention group score was 135.11±19.86,the control group score was 124.13±15.56,the P value was 0.002 and the difference was statistically significant.Three months after discharge,the blood glucose metabolism indicator showed that the glycosylated hemoglobin value of the two groups was(7.45%±1.04%),and that of the control group was(8.04%±1.27%),P=0.012.Therefore,the improvement of parents'readiness for discharge,quality of discharge education and blood glucose metabolism indicators(glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose)in the intervention group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION The discharge plan for children with T1DM can help the children and their families realize the transition from hospital care to home self-management and improve the parents'readiness for discharge,thereby improving children’s blood glucose control levels.
基金supported by Zhangjiakou Project of Science and Technology Studies and Development Planning(Grand No.1321078D)
文摘Objective: To investigate the electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure.Methods: Guinea pigs model of iron deficiency anemia complicated with chronic heart failure in 10 guinea pigs of the experimental group was made by feeding a low iron diet,pure water and subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol. The control group consisting of 11 guinea pigs was given normal food, normal water and injected with normal saline. The left ventricular outflow tract model specimen was also prepared. The standard microelectrode technique was used to observe electrophysiological changes of autonomic cells in the outflow tract of left ventricular heart failure complicated with iron deficiency anemia in guinea pig model. The indicators of observation were maximal diastolic potential, action potential amplitude, 0 phase maximal depolarization velocity, 4 phase automatic depolarization velocity, repolarization 50% and 90%, and spontaneous discharge frequency.Results: Compared with the control group, 4 phase automatic depolarization velocity,spontaneous discharge frequency and 0 phase maximal depolarization velocity decreased significantly(P < 0.01) and action potential amplitude reduced(P < 0.01) in model group. Moreover, repolarization 50% and 90% increased(P < 0.01).Conclusions: There are electrophysiological abnormalities of the left ventricular outflow tract in guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia complicated with heart failure.
基金supported by Zhangjiakou Project of Science and Technology Studies and Development Planning(Grand No.1321078D)
文摘Objective: To investigate the electrophysiology effects and mechanism of iron overload on the slow response autorhythmic cells in the left ventricular outflow tract of guinea pigs.Methods: Standard microelectrode cell recording techniques were adopted to observe the electrophysiological effects of different concentrations of Fe^(2+)(100 μmol/L, 200 μmol/L) on the left ventricular outflow tract autorhythmic cells.Heart tissues were perfused with FeSO_4(200 μmol/L) combing with CaCl_2(4.2 mmol/L), Verapamil,(1 μmol/L), and nickel chloride(200μmol/L) respectively to observe the influences of these contents on electrophysiology of FeSO_4(200μmol/L) on the left ventricular outflow tract autorhythmic cells.Results: Fe^(2+)at both 100 μmol/L and 200 μmol/L could change the electrophysiological parameters of the slow response autorhythmic cells of the left ventricular outflow tract in a concentrationdependent manner resulting into decrease in Vmax, APA and MDP, slower RPF and VDD, and prolonged APD_(50) and APD_(90)(P all <0.05).Besides, perfusion of increased Ca^(2+) concentration could partially offset the electrophysiological effects of Fe^(2+)(200 μmol/L).The L-type calcium channel(LTCC) blocker Verapamil(1 μmol/L) could block the electrophysiological effects of Fe^(2+)(200 μmol/L).But the T-type calcium channel(TTCC) blocker nickel chloride(NiCl_2, 200 μmol/L) could not block the electrophysiological effects of Fe^(2+)(200 μmol/L).Conclusions: Fe^(2+) can directly change the electrophysiological characteristics of the slow response autorhythmic cells of the left ventricular outflow tract probably through the L-type calcium channel.
基金Supported by the School of Nursing Research Project at China Medical University,No.2017HL-21.
文摘BACKGROUND Obesity is an important factor to cause the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Higher body mass index(BMI)often results in more severe OSAHS.Currently,the common measures for controlling the weight mainly include diet control,increase exercise and so on.Motivational interviewing(MI)could explore the patient’s internal state and make the patient realize his/her ambivalence,resulting in the change in his/her behavior.This process emphasizes respecting the patient’s autonomy.AIM To evaluate the effect of MI on the weight control of patients with OSAHS.METHODS A randomized controlled study was conducted in 100 obese OSAHS patients undergoing surgical treatment at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University.The patients were divided into an intervention group and a control group,with 50 cases each.The control group was given routine health education after the operation;in addition to the regular health education,the intervention group was given MI according to a predetermined plan.Obesity-related indicators,postoperative complications,and the sleep status of both groups were evaluated before and 6 mo after the intervention.RESULTS Patients in the intervention group had significantly improved body weight,BMI,and waist and neck circumferences compared with patients in the control group(P<0.05).Regarding complications at 6 mo after operation,the incidence of cough and reflux in patients in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).In addition,the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Self-Rating Scale of Sleep scores of patients in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the sleep status of patients in the intervention group was improved(P<0.05).CONCLUSION MI intervention has a significant advantage over postoperative routine health education.It can greatly change the lifestyle,further control the postoperative weight,reduce the occurrence of complications,improve the quality of sleep,and improve long-term postoperative efficacy in OSAHS patients.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51922038 and 51672078)the Hunan Outstanding Youth Talents(No.2019JJ20005)+1 种基金Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2019JJ40031)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(531119200156)。
文摘Benefiting from the environmental friendliness of organic electrodes and the high security of aqueous electrolyte,an all-organic aqueous potassium dual-ion full battery(APDIB) was assembled with 21 M potassium bis(fluoroslufonyl)imide(KFSI) water-in-salt as the electrolyte.The APDIB could deliver a reversible capacity of around 50 mAh g^(-1) at 200 mA g^(-1)(based on the weight of total active materials),a long cycle stability over 900 cycles at 500 mA g^(-1) and a high coulombic efficiency of 98.5%.The reaction mechanism of APDIB during the charge/discharge processes is verified:the FSI-could associate/disassociate with the nitrogen atom in the polytriphenylamine(PTPAn) cathode,while the K^(+) could react with C=O bonds in the 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide(PTCDI) anode reversibly.Our work contributes toward the understanding the nature of water-into-salt electrolyte and successfully constructed all-organic APDIB.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30772828the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.07004846+1 种基金the Special Scientific Research Founda-tion of Ministry of Education for Doctoral Research Pro-ject of Combined Program of Colleges and Universities,No.20094425110005the Science and Technology Development Program of Guangdong Provincial Sci-ence and Technology De-partment,No.2008B030301206
文摘OBJECTIVE： To determine the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of depression by performing systematical reviews and meta-analysis from 20 articles of clinical, randomized, controlled studies.DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of PubMed Database, Chinese Biological Medicine Database （VIP database）, China Knowledge Database, and Wanfang Database was performed to search articles published between January 1999 and September 2009. DATA SELECTION： Inclusion criteria： articles published in official academic journals; articles with definite diagnostic criteria and acknowledgment; articles involving subjects with depression or depressive disorders, with no limitations to age, sex, or source; articles involving acupuncture-related therapies （including acupuncture needle, electro-acupuncture, moxibustion, abdominal acupuncture, etc.） as the primary means of intervention; articles of randomized controlled trials or involving ＂randomized controlled＂, ＂randomized grouping＂, or ＂random＂. Jadad scores were utilized to evaluate quality of included articles. Review Manage 4.2.7 software was used to evaluate efficacy of acupuncture in treating depression, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale （HAMD） score, Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） score, and meta-analysis were used to evaluate clinical efficacy. Meta-analysis of a fixed effect model was performed when P 〉 0.05 or P 〉 0.01 in the test for heterogeneity. Meta-analysis of the random effect model was performed when P≤0.05.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Efficacy rate, HAMD scores, and SDS scores. RESULTS： Quality evaluation of the 20 selected clinical, randomized, controlled trials demonstrated baseline equilibrium and randomness, although a considerable number of randomized studies simply mentioned ＂random＂ without describing a specific method. Therefore, the reliability of randomness was relatively low. An envelope to hide the information was not used, and proper blinding was difficult to implement due to the innate features of acupuncture. The follow-up rate was low, and reasons for dropout were not explored. Therefore, it was not possible to objectively evaluate the study results. In addition, the study did not estimate sample size; it was unclear whether the sample was truly representative of general characteristics. Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture monotherapy exhibited similar efficacy to Western medicine for treating depression： combined effect size OR = 1.66, 95% CI： 0.59 -4.65, combined effect value test： Z= 0.97, P = 0.33. Comparison of the efficacy of acupuncture combination therapy with Western medicine demonstrated a combined effect size OR = 2.46, 95% CI： 1.64-3.71 and combined effect of the value of Z= 4.32 （P 〈 0.01）, implying that there was insufficient evidence to prove a superior effect of acupuncture combination therapy over Western medicine. In terms of HAMD and SDS scores, the weighted mean difference was -2.01 and -8.68, respectively, with 95% Cl： -3.48 to 0.53, -11.21 to -6.16 （P 〈 0.01）, suggesting that acupuncture efficacy was significantly better than the control group.CONCLUSION： The efficacy of acupuncture monotherapy was similar to Western medicine for treating depression. However, efficacy of combination therapy remains uncertain due to inadequate study design （implementation of randomization and blinding, sample size estimation, and data processing methods）.
