Gluten,known as the major allergen in wheat,has gained increasing concerns in industrialized countries,resulting in an urgent need for accurate,high-sensitive,and on-site detection of wheat gluten in complex food syst...Gluten,known as the major allergen in wheat,has gained increasing concerns in industrialized countries,resulting in an urgent need for accurate,high-sensitive,and on-site detection of wheat gluten in complex food systems.Herein,we proposed a silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)/metal-organic framework(MOF)substrate-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)sensor for the high-sensitive on-site detection of wheat gluten.The detection occurred on the newly in-situ synthesized AgNPs/MOF-modified SERS substrate,providing an enhancement factor(EF)of 1.89×10^(5).Benefitting from the signal amplification function of AgNPs/MOF and the superiority of SERS,this sensor represented high sensitivity performance and a wide detection range from 1×10^(-15)mol/L to 2×10^(-6)mol/L with a detection limit of 1.16×10^(-16)mol/L,which allowed monitoring the trace of wheat gluten in complex food system without matrix interference.This reliable sandwich SERS sensor may provide a promising platform for high-sensitive,accurate,and on-site detection of allergens in the field of food safety.展开更多
Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods...Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods that covers the entire range of food categories,which limits the accurate risk assessment of dietary AGEs in human diseases.In this study,we first established an isotope dilution UHPLCQq Q-MS/MS-based method for simultaneous quantification of 10 major AGEs in foods.The contents of these AGEs were detected in 334 foods covering all main groups consumed in Western and Chinese populations.Nε-Carboxymethyllysine,methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone isomers,and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 are predominant AGEs found in most foodstuffs.Total amounts of AGEs were high in processed nuts,bakery products,and certain types of cereals and meats(>150 mg/kg),while low in dairy products,vegetables,fruits,and beverages(<40 mg/kg).Assessment of estimated daily intake implied that the contribution of food groups to daily AGE intake varied a lot under different eating patterns,and selection of high-AGE foods leads to up to a 2.7-fold higher intake of AGEs through daily meals.The presented AGE database allows accurate assessment of dietary exposure to these glycotoxins to explore their physiological impacts on human health.展开更多
Histamine in food has attracted widespread attention due to the potential toxicity and associated health risk.However,its influences on immunological components,especially the function of key immune cells,are still po...Histamine in food has attracted widespread attention due to the potential toxicity and associated health risk.However,its influences on immunological components,especially the function of key immune cells,are still poorly known.In this work,we explored the effects of exogenous histamine on the function of key immune cells such as intestinal epithelial cells,dendritic cells,and T cells.The results showed that histamine could affect the expression of allergy-related genes in CMT93 cells at a high dose of histamine.Moreover,it’s found that histamine could cause an imbalance in the levels of relevant immune factors secreted by dendritic cells and T cells,especially those related to allergy.At the same time,the proportion of MHC class IIpositive dendritic cells and the proportion of T helper 2(Th2)cells in CD4^(+)T cells increased after histamine stimulation.We concluded that the presence of a certain level of histamine in food may affect the expression of allergy-related cytokines,disrupt the balance of the immune homeostasis,and potentially lead to adverse immune reactions.This work demonstrated the importance of including the estimation of histamine’s immune safety in aquatic products rather than merely considering the potential risk of food poisoning.展开更多
Studies showed that complexation of polyphenols with milk allergens reduced their immunogenic potential.However,the relationship between structures of polyphenols and their hypoallergenic effects on milk allergens in ...Studies showed that complexation of polyphenols with milk allergens reduced their immunogenic potential.However,the relationship between structures of polyphenols and their hypoallergenic effects on milk allergens in association with physiological and conformational changes of the complexes remain unclear.In this study,polyphenols from eight botanical sources were extracted to prepare non-covalent complexes withβ-lactoglobulin(β-LG),a major allergen in milk.The dominant phenolic compounds bound toβ-LG with a diminished allergenicity were identified to investigate their respective role on the structural and allergenic properties ofβ-LG.Extracts from Vaccinium fruits and black soybeans were found to have great inhibitory effects on the IgE-and IgG-binding abilities ofβ-LG.Among the fourteen structure-related phenolic compounds,flavonoids and tannins with larger MWs and multi-hydroxyl substituents,notably rutin,EGCG,and ellagitannins were more potent to elicit changes on the conformational structures ofβ-LG to decrease the allergenicity of complexedβ-LG.Correlation analysis further demonstrated that a destabilized secondary structure and protein depolymerization caused by polyphenol-binding were closely related to the allergenicity property of formed complexes.This study provides insights into the understanding of structure-allergenicity relationship ofβ-LG-polyphenol interactions and would benefit the development of polyphenol-fortified matrices with hypoallergenic potential.展开更多
Ethoxyquin(EQ)is a widely used feed additives for aquaculture,but the potential hazard to fish and consumers are not fully understood.In this work,EQ was applied to tilapia fed with either high-fat or low-fat feed,and...Ethoxyquin(EQ)is a widely used feed additives for aquaculture,but the potential hazard to fish and consumers are not fully understood.In this work,EQ was applied to tilapia fed with either high-fat or low-fat feed,and the changes in growth performance and intestinal barrier integrality of genetically improved farmed tilapia was observed.Additionally,the microbiota in the intestinal content and flesh was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing,and the flesh metabolites was measured by LC-MS/MS untargeted metabolomics.In the low-fat group,EQ increased weight gain and feed conversion rate,but reduced survival rate.In the high-fat group,only weight gain decreased,and there was no significant effect on feed conversion rate and survival rate.Additionally,the intestinal villi and microbiota diversity was impaired in both feeding conditions.Microbiota analysis revealed that EQ resulted in different composition and lower diversity of the flesh microbiota and upregulated the proportion of potential pathogens.EQ also changed the flesh metabolome,decreasing beneficial metabolites and increasing potential harmful components.This work elucidated the effect of EQ on growth performance of tilapia and implied that it has adverse effects on tilapia and may be passed on to consumers.展开更多
Cutaneous exposure to food allergens through a disrupted skin barrier is recognized as an important cause of food allergy,and the cutaneous sensitized mouse model has been established to investigate relevant allergic ...Cutaneous exposure to food allergens through a disrupted skin barrier is recognized as an important cause of food allergy,and the cutaneous sensitized mouse model has been established to investigate relevant allergic disorders.However,the role of different genetic backgrounds of mice on immune responses to food allergens upon epicutaneous sensitization is largely unknown.In this study,two strains of mice,i.e.,the BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice,were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin on atopic dermatitis(AD)-like skin lesions,followed by intragastric challenge to induce IgE-mediated food allergy.Allergic outcomes were measured as clinical signs,specific antibodies and cytokines,and immune cell subpopulations,as well as changes in intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota.Results showed that both strains of mice exhibited typical food-allergic symptoms with a Th2-skewed response.The C57BL/6 mice,rather than the BALB/c mice,were fitter for establishing an epicutaneously sensitized model of food allergy since a stronger Th2-biased response and severer disruptions in the intestinal barrier and gut homeostasis were observed.This study provides knowledge for selecting an appropriate mouse model to study food-allergic responses associated with AD-like skin lesions and highlights the role of genetic variations in the immune mechanism underlying pathogenesis of food allergy.展开更多
Bacillus coagulans has been extensively studied so far,but there has been a lack of research on its usage in allergy.In this study,we designed to assess the effect of different concentrations of B.coagulans on food al...Bacillus coagulans has been extensively studied so far,but there has been a lack of research on its usage in allergy.In this study,we designed to assess the effect of different concentrations of B.coagulans on food allergy in a BALB/c mouse model of ovalbumin(OVA)-induced food allergy and its effect on gut microbes.The assessment of symptoms,specific immunoglobulin E(IgE),T-cell differentiation,and related gene expression levels in sensitized mice by assay indicated that high doses of oral B.coagulans could alleviate allergic symptoms.Treatment with B.coagulans,in the high-dose group,significantly reduced IgE and IgG1 levels and modulated the balance of T helper type 1 cell(Th1)and Th2 and the expression of relevant genes in the spleen.16S rRNA analysis showed that probiotics improved the structure of the microbiota,in particular by boosting the percentage of Clostridia,Bacteroides vulgatus and Enterococcus faecium,and by increasing the abundance of microbial species,thereby modulating the immune system.Therefore,this study can provide insights into the practical application of B.coagulans doses to alleviate OVA allergy.展开更多
N-glycans in many proteins are of great concern because of their strong association with food allergies. Triticum aestivum(bread wheat), a major food crop, is known as one of the “Big Eight” allergenic groups. Howev...N-glycans in many proteins are of great concern because of their strong association with food allergies. Triticum aestivum(bread wheat), a major food crop, is known as one of the “Big Eight” allergenic groups. However, little research has been done about N-glycans in wheat glycoproteins. In this study, a soluble wheat glycoprotein was purified from wheat and further identified as globulin-1 S allele(GSA). The wheat GSA displayed significant IgE-binding activity. Moreover, one N-glycosylation site and 6 kinds of N-glycans were identified by mass spectrometry, including 3 high mannose types and 3 complex types. Furthermore, the IgE-binding activity of wheat GSA is proved to be reduced by the removal of N-glycan, thermal treatment(temperatures > 80 ℃), and strong acidic treatment(pH 3.0). These findings would provide a better understanding of the effects of N-glycosylation, thermal treatment, and acidic treatment on the molecular characteristics of GSA, and further provide new insights into the development of hypoallergenic wheat products.展开更多
Porphyra polysaccharide is a special kind of nutrient showing multiple physiological functions including regulating cell proliferation,but the detailed mechanisms are not fully revealed,impairing its further developme...Porphyra polysaccharide is a special kind of nutrient showing multiple physiological functions including regulating cell proliferation,but the detailed mechanisms are not fully revealed,impairing its further development and applications.This work was to purify and characterize the Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharide(PH),investigate its physiological function,and demonstrate the underlying mechanisms.The purified PH was first characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.Then an intestinal epithelial cell model was established,in which PH significantly suppressed cell hyperplasia.Specifically,PH activated the Hippo/YAP pathway,which subsequently activated m TOR pathway,however m TOR activated Hippo in the absence of PH.Moreover,both the inhibition of Hippo by YAP1 knock-down and the suppression of m TOR by rapamycin impaired PH function.These results indicated that PH attenuated hyperplasia activity by remodeling the cross-talk between Hippo/YAP and m TOR pathways,which revealed potential targets and approaches for treating hyperplasia-related diseases and provided novel ways to utilize P.haitanensis as well as other related functional foods.展开更多
Simple yet efficient detection methods for food allergens are in urgent need to help people avoid the risks imposed by allergenic food.In this work,a polydopamine(PDA)-based fluorescent aptasensor was developed to det...Simple yet efficient detection methods for food allergens are in urgent need to help people avoid the risks imposed by allergenic food.In this work,a polydopamine(PDA)-based fluorescent aptasensor was developed to detect arginine kinase(AK),one of the major allergens in shellfish.The aptamer towards AK was firstly selected via systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment method and labeled with fluorescein amidite(FAM)to build a fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)system with PDA particles.Polyethylene glycol(PEG)was employed to construct an antifouling surface for the aptasensor to eliminate food matrix interferences.With the presence of AK,the PDA-based aptasensor exhibited elevated fluorescent signals as the FAM-labeled aptamer bound to AK and detached from the PDA particles.The aptasensor showed great stability and resistance to nonspecific interference of background proteins and had a limit of detection(LOD)of 0.298μg/mL.The proposed aptasensor was further proved to be feasible for quantitative analysis of AK in nine species of shrimps and five commercial processed products,which indicated its high potential in tracing the presence of AK in complex aquatic products.展开更多
Biogenic amine is one of the main categories of hazardous compounds in meat and meat products,making its detection methods vital for the assurance of edible safety.In this sense,many biogenic amine detection technique...Biogenic amine is one of the main categories of hazardous compounds in meat and meat products,making its detection methods vital for the assurance of edible safety.In this sense,many biogenic amine detection techniques such as chromatographic,electrophoretic,and electrochemical methods have been developed,which play an irreplaceable role in ensuring the safety of meat and meat products.Due to the increasing demand for fast and on-site detection techniques,visual detection methods have been gradually developed compared with non-visual methods such as chromatography and electrophoresis.Herein,we comprehensively review the mechanism and the latest progress of these biogenic amine detection methods;besides,we put forward the prospects for the future development of biogenic amine detection techniques,with a view to providing support for the establishment of more accurate and efficient detection,prevention and control strategies of biogenic amines.展开更多
As one of the most important cereals,wheat(Triticum aestivum)has high nutritional value and is widely cultivated in China.However,wheat can cause severe allergic reactions,and a growing number of people are developing...As one of the most important cereals,wheat(Triticum aestivum)has high nutritional value and is widely cultivated in China.However,wheat can cause severe allergic reactions,and a growing number of people are developing allergies to Chinese wheat.Low molecular weight glutenin(LMW-GS),an important allergen in susceptible populations,is responsible for celiac disease and wheat contacts dermatitis.In this study,LMW-GS was highly purified from Chinese wheat(Xiaoyan 6)and further identified and characterized.In addition,8 peptides were predicted efficiently by 5 immunological tools,among which 5 peptides showed significant immunoglobulin E binding abilities.Two specific epitopes were found to be in the non-conserved region of the amino acid sequence of LMW-GS,which was speculated to be the specific epitope of Chinese wheat.This systematic research of LMW-GS may provide new insights into the prevention of wheat allergy and development of hypoallergenic wheat products.展开更多
Vitamin B_(2)is an essential water-soluble vitamin.For most prokaryotes,a bifunctional enzyme called FAD synthase catalyzes the successive conversion of riboflavin to FMN and FAD.In this study,the plasmid pNEW-AZ cont...Vitamin B_(2)is an essential water-soluble vitamin.For most prokaryotes,a bifunctional enzyme called FAD synthase catalyzes the successive conversion of riboflavin to FMN and FAD.In this study,the plasmid pNEW-AZ containing six key genes for the riboflavin synthesis was transformed into strain R2 with the deleted FMN riboswitch,yielding strain R5.The R5 strain could produce 540.23±5.40 mg/L riboflavin,which was 10.61%higher than the R4 strain containing plasmids pET-AE and pAC-Z harboring six key genes.To further enhance the production of riboflavin,homology matching and molecular docking were performed to identify key amino acid residues of FAD synthase.Nine point mutation sites were identified.By comparing riboflavin kinase activity,mutations of T203D and N210D,which respectively decreased by 29.90%and 89.32%compared to wild-type FAD synthase,were selected for CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of the genome,generating engineered strains R203 and R210.pNEW-AZ was transformed into R203,generating R6.R6 produced 657.38±47.48 mg/L riboflavin,a 21.69%increase compared to R5.This study contributes to the high production of riboflavin in recombinant E.coli BL21.展开更多
Food allergy is one of the most important food safety problems that has attracted increasing attention.The food allergy experimental models provide not only the accurate allergen detection and evaluation methods but a...Food allergy is one of the most important food safety problems that has attracted increasing attention.The food allergy experimental models provide not only the accurate allergen detection and evaluation methods but also the powerful approaches for mechanism investigations.In this paper,we reviewed the common food allergy cell models including mast cell,basophil granulocyte and basophil,as well as the animal models of BALB/c mouse,C3H/HeJ mouse,and BN rat.We also introduced zebrafish,a promising model organism for investigating immunity though lacking direct applications in food allergy to date,and focused on traumatic inflammation,bacterial infection and viral infection models.In addition,we also summarized the clinical diagnostic research methods for food allergy.The elucidation of these topics will help researchers to understand the characteristics and mechanisms of various models and thus select the proper models for particular study,so as to support further investigations of food allergy.展开更多
D-tryptophan is a special kind of nonprotein amino acid showing multiple physiological functions,but the detailed mechanisms are not fully revealed,impairing its further development and applications.This work was to i...D-tryptophan is a special kind of nonprotein amino acid showing multiple physiological functions,but the detailed mechanisms are not fully revealed,impairing its further development and applications.This work was to investigate D-tryptophan physiological function and demonstrate the underlying mechanisms.D-tryptophan suppressed HaCaT cell proliferation but increased cell migration.Specifically,D-tryptophan decreased E-cadherin and increased Snail,Twist,and Slug expression,resulting in the development of an epithelial-mesenchymal transitions(EMT)phenomenon.Moreover,D-tryptophan promoted the expression of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)1,and Smad4 knockout damages D-tryptophan’s ability.These results indicated that D-tryptophan stimulated HaCaT cells to produce TGF-β1 and thus activated the TGF-β/Samd pathway,resulting in the triggering of EMT.This study revealed the molecular mechanisms of D-tryptophan activity,provided D-tryptophan as a potential approach for cancer treatment,wound healing,organ development and other relevant applications.展开更多
Ageing is a universal decline of physiological functions accompanied by an increase in risks of developing morbidity,diseases,and death.Calorie restriction(CR)without malnutrition has been shown to improve lifespan fr...Ageing is a universal decline of physiological functions accompanied by an increase in risks of developing morbidity,diseases,and death.Calorie restriction(CR)without malnutrition has been shown to improve lifespan from simple model organisms to mammals,and extensive research over the past decades have identified several universally conserved signalling pathways by which CR regulates lifespan.More recently,emerging evidence has suggested that modulation of intake levels of macronutrients and micronutrients can also impact healthspan and lifespan in model organisms.These findings propose potentially promising and cost-effective approaches to promote healthy ageing and longevity in humans through personalised nutrition.In this review,we summarise the mechanisms by which CR promotes healthspan and longevity,focusing on the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)and several universally conserved geroprotective nutrient-sensing pathways(insulin/insulin-like growth factor(IGF-1),AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),mTOR).We further discuss the accumulating data supporting that changes in dietary pattern,levels of nutrient intake(both macronutrient and micronutrient)and functional foods can impact healthspan through acting on the key components of nutrient-sensing and immunoprotective pathways,providing fundamental support for future research and development of anti-ageing diets and dietary regimes.展开更多
Indicating hydrogels have shown the advantages of being fast, sensitive, and real-time in demonstrating the freshness of aquatic products due to their noticeable color change. In this work, an anti-freezing hydrogel e...Indicating hydrogels have shown the advantages of being fast, sensitive, and real-time in demonstrating the freshness of aquatic products due to their noticeable color change. In this work, an anti-freezing hydrogel embedded with pH-sensitive alizarin was developed as an original colorimetric indicator for monitoring the corruption of aquatic products at low temperatures. The anti-freezing hydrogel was prepared from 2-carboxyethyl acrylate, [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-trimethylammonium chloride, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomers with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linking agent. The hydrogel showed excellent anti-freezing capability, which was further incorporated with the pH-sensitive dye alizarin to gain the indicating capability. When applied in the indication of the freshness of salmon under low-temperature storage, it was found that the color changes of the indicator corresponded with the total volatile basic nitrogen contents of salmon, the correlation coefficient of which was 0.959 6. These results indicated the application potential of the hydrogels as freshness indicators during low-temperature storage or cold-chain transportation.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY21C200008)。
文摘Gluten,known as the major allergen in wheat,has gained increasing concerns in industrialized countries,resulting in an urgent need for accurate,high-sensitive,and on-site detection of wheat gluten in complex food systems.Herein,we proposed a silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)/metal-organic framework(MOF)substrate-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)sensor for the high-sensitive on-site detection of wheat gluten.The detection occurred on the newly in-situ synthesized AgNPs/MOF-modified SERS substrate,providing an enhancement factor(EF)of 1.89×10^(5).Benefitting from the signal amplification function of AgNPs/MOF and the superiority of SERS,this sensor represented high sensitivity performance and a wide detection range from 1×10^(-15)mol/L to 2×10^(-6)mol/L with a detection limit of 1.16×10^(-16)mol/L,which allowed monitoring the trace of wheat gluten in complex food system without matrix interference.This reliable sandwich SERS sensor may provide a promising platform for high-sensitive,accurate,and on-site detection of allergens in the field of food safety.
基金the financial support received from the Natural Science Foundation of China(32202202 and 31871735)。
文摘Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods that covers the entire range of food categories,which limits the accurate risk assessment of dietary AGEs in human diseases.In this study,we first established an isotope dilution UHPLCQq Q-MS/MS-based method for simultaneous quantification of 10 major AGEs in foods.The contents of these AGEs were detected in 334 foods covering all main groups consumed in Western and Chinese populations.Nε-Carboxymethyllysine,methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone isomers,and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 are predominant AGEs found in most foodstuffs.Total amounts of AGEs were high in processed nuts,bakery products,and certain types of cereals and meats(>150 mg/kg),while low in dairy products,vegetables,fruits,and beverages(<40 mg/kg).Assessment of estimated daily intake implied that the contribution of food groups to daily AGE intake varied a lot under different eating patterns,and selection of high-AGE foods leads to up to a 2.7-fold higher intake of AGEs through daily meals.The presented AGE database allows accurate assessment of dietary exposure to these glycotoxins to explore their physiological impacts on human health.
基金financially supported by the Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ22C200003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072290)。
文摘Histamine in food has attracted widespread attention due to the potential toxicity and associated health risk.However,its influences on immunological components,especially the function of key immune cells,are still poorly known.In this work,we explored the effects of exogenous histamine on the function of key immune cells such as intestinal epithelial cells,dendritic cells,and T cells.The results showed that histamine could affect the expression of allergy-related genes in CMT93 cells at a high dose of histamine.Moreover,it’s found that histamine could cause an imbalance in the levels of relevant immune factors secreted by dendritic cells and T cells,especially those related to allergy.At the same time,the proportion of MHC class IIpositive dendritic cells and the proportion of T helper 2(Th2)cells in CD4^(+)T cells increased after histamine stimulation.We concluded that the presence of a certain level of histamine in food may affect the expression of allergy-related cytokines,disrupt the balance of the immune homeostasis,and potentially lead to adverse immune reactions.This work demonstrated the importance of including the estimation of histamine’s immune safety in aquatic products rather than merely considering the potential risk of food poisoning.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LGN22C200027 and LZ23C200001).
文摘Studies showed that complexation of polyphenols with milk allergens reduced their immunogenic potential.However,the relationship between structures of polyphenols and their hypoallergenic effects on milk allergens in association with physiological and conformational changes of the complexes remain unclear.In this study,polyphenols from eight botanical sources were extracted to prepare non-covalent complexes withβ-lactoglobulin(β-LG),a major allergen in milk.The dominant phenolic compounds bound toβ-LG with a diminished allergenicity were identified to investigate their respective role on the structural and allergenic properties ofβ-LG.Extracts from Vaccinium fruits and black soybeans were found to have great inhibitory effects on the IgE-and IgG-binding abilities ofβ-LG.Among the fourteen structure-related phenolic compounds,flavonoids and tannins with larger MWs and multi-hydroxyl substituents,notably rutin,EGCG,and ellagitannins were more potent to elicit changes on the conformational structures ofβ-LG to decrease the allergenicity of complexedβ-LG.Correlation analysis further demonstrated that a destabilized secondary structure and protein depolymerization caused by polyphenol-binding were closely related to the allergenicity property of formed complexes.This study provides insights into the understanding of structure-allergenicity relationship ofβ-LG-polyphenol interactions and would benefit the development of polyphenol-fortified matrices with hypoallergenic potential.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32061133004)the Major Project of Digital Plus Discipline Construction of Zhejiang Gongshang University(SZJ2022A010)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LGN21C200013).
文摘Ethoxyquin(EQ)is a widely used feed additives for aquaculture,but the potential hazard to fish and consumers are not fully understood.In this work,EQ was applied to tilapia fed with either high-fat or low-fat feed,and the changes in growth performance and intestinal barrier integrality of genetically improved farmed tilapia was observed.Additionally,the microbiota in the intestinal content and flesh was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing,and the flesh metabolites was measured by LC-MS/MS untargeted metabolomics.In the low-fat group,EQ increased weight gain and feed conversion rate,but reduced survival rate.In the high-fat group,only weight gain decreased,and there was no significant effect on feed conversion rate and survival rate.Additionally,the intestinal villi and microbiota diversity was impaired in both feeding conditions.Microbiota analysis revealed that EQ resulted in different composition and lower diversity of the flesh microbiota and upregulated the proportion of potential pathogens.EQ also changed the flesh metabolome,decreasing beneficial metabolites and increasing potential harmful components.This work elucidated the effect of EQ on growth performance of tilapia and implied that it has adverse effects on tilapia and may be passed on to consumers.
基金the financial support received from the Natural Science Foundation of China(32202202 and 31871735)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LGN22C200027)the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Biosafety Detection for Zhejiang Market Regulation(2022BS004)。
文摘Cutaneous exposure to food allergens through a disrupted skin barrier is recognized as an important cause of food allergy,and the cutaneous sensitized mouse model has been established to investigate relevant allergic disorders.However,the role of different genetic backgrounds of mice on immune responses to food allergens upon epicutaneous sensitization is largely unknown.In this study,two strains of mice,i.e.,the BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice,were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin on atopic dermatitis(AD)-like skin lesions,followed by intragastric challenge to induce IgE-mediated food allergy.Allergic outcomes were measured as clinical signs,specific antibodies and cytokines,and immune cell subpopulations,as well as changes in intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota.Results showed that both strains of mice exhibited typical food-allergic symptoms with a Th2-skewed response.The C57BL/6 mice,rather than the BALB/c mice,were fitter for establishing an epicutaneously sensitized model of food allergy since a stronger Th2-biased response and severer disruptions in the intestinal barrier and gut homeostasis were observed.This study provides knowledge for selecting an appropriate mouse model to study food-allergic responses associated with AD-like skin lesions and highlights the role of genetic variations in the immune mechanism underlying pathogenesis of food allergy.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFC1605003)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LGN21C200013)。
文摘Bacillus coagulans has been extensively studied so far,but there has been a lack of research on its usage in allergy.In this study,we designed to assess the effect of different concentrations of B.coagulans on food allergy in a BALB/c mouse model of ovalbumin(OVA)-induced food allergy and its effect on gut microbes.The assessment of symptoms,specific immunoglobulin E(IgE),T-cell differentiation,and related gene expression levels in sensitized mice by assay indicated that high doses of oral B.coagulans could alleviate allergic symptoms.Treatment with B.coagulans,in the high-dose group,significantly reduced IgE and IgG1 levels and modulated the balance of T helper type 1 cell(Th1)and Th2 and the expression of relevant genes in the spleen.16S rRNA analysis showed that probiotics improved the structure of the microbiota,in particular by boosting the percentage of Clostridia,Bacteroides vulgatus and Enterococcus faecium,and by increasing the abundance of microbial species,thereby modulating the immune system.Therefore,this study can provide insights into the practical application of B.coagulans doses to alleviate OVA allergy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871735)。
文摘N-glycans in many proteins are of great concern because of their strong association with food allergies. Triticum aestivum(bread wheat), a major food crop, is known as one of the “Big Eight” allergenic groups. However, little research has been done about N-glycans in wheat glycoproteins. In this study, a soluble wheat glycoprotein was purified from wheat and further identified as globulin-1 S allele(GSA). The wheat GSA displayed significant IgE-binding activity. Moreover, one N-glycosylation site and 6 kinds of N-glycans were identified by mass spectrometry, including 3 high mannose types and 3 complex types. Furthermore, the IgE-binding activity of wheat GSA is proved to be reduced by the removal of N-glycan, thermal treatment(temperatures > 80 ℃), and strong acidic treatment(pH 3.0). These findings would provide a better understanding of the effects of N-glycosylation, thermal treatment, and acidic treatment on the molecular characteristics of GSA, and further provide new insights into the development of hypoallergenic wheat products.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0400203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801452)+3 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Foundation of China(2018C02025 and 2019C02069)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LGN21C200013)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M662108)the Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(Y201942404)。
文摘Porphyra polysaccharide is a special kind of nutrient showing multiple physiological functions including regulating cell proliferation,but the detailed mechanisms are not fully revealed,impairing its further development and applications.This work was to purify and characterize the Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharide(PH),investigate its physiological function,and demonstrate the underlying mechanisms.The purified PH was first characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.Then an intestinal epithelial cell model was established,in which PH significantly suppressed cell hyperplasia.Specifically,PH activated the Hippo/YAP pathway,which subsequently activated m TOR pathway,however m TOR activated Hippo in the absence of PH.Moreover,both the inhibition of Hippo by YAP1 knock-down and the suppression of m TOR by rapamycin impaired PH function.These results indicated that PH attenuated hyperplasia activity by remodeling the cross-talk between Hippo/YAP and m TOR pathways,which revealed potential targets and approaches for treating hyperplasia-related diseases and provided novel ways to utilize P.haitanensis as well as other related functional foods.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC1605002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871735)Xinmiao Talent Project of Zhejiang Province(2019R408063)。
文摘Simple yet efficient detection methods for food allergens are in urgent need to help people avoid the risks imposed by allergenic food.In this work,a polydopamine(PDA)-based fluorescent aptasensor was developed to detect arginine kinase(AK),one of the major allergens in shellfish.The aptamer towards AK was firstly selected via systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment method and labeled with fluorescein amidite(FAM)to build a fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)system with PDA particles.Polyethylene glycol(PEG)was employed to construct an antifouling surface for the aptasensor to eliminate food matrix interferences.With the presence of AK,the PDA-based aptasensor exhibited elevated fluorescent signals as the FAM-labeled aptamer bound to AK and detached from the PDA particles.The aptasensor showed great stability and resistance to nonspecific interference of background proteins and had a limit of detection(LOD)of 0.298μg/mL.The proposed aptasensor was further proved to be feasible for quantitative analysis of AK in nine species of shrimps and five commercial processed products,which indicated its high potential in tracing the presence of AK in complex aquatic products.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Risk Assessment Laboratory of Agro-products Processing Quality and Safety,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China(S2021KFKT-14)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102079+2 种基金32072290)the Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ22C200003)Zhejiang Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(2022SNJF020,2022SNJF069).
文摘Biogenic amine is one of the main categories of hazardous compounds in meat and meat products,making its detection methods vital for the assurance of edible safety.In this sense,many biogenic amine detection techniques such as chromatographic,electrophoretic,and electrochemical methods have been developed,which play an irreplaceable role in ensuring the safety of meat and meat products.Due to the increasing demand for fast and on-site detection techniques,visual detection methods have been gradually developed compared with non-visual methods such as chromatography and electrophoresis.Herein,we comprehensively review the mechanism and the latest progress of these biogenic amine detection methods;besides,we put forward the prospects for the future development of biogenic amine detection techniques,with a view to providing support for the establishment of more accurate and efficient detection,prevention and control strategies of biogenic amines.
基金financially supported by the State Key Research and Development Plan(2019YFC1605002)。
文摘As one of the most important cereals,wheat(Triticum aestivum)has high nutritional value and is widely cultivated in China.However,wheat can cause severe allergic reactions,and a growing number of people are developing allergies to Chinese wheat.Low molecular weight glutenin(LMW-GS),an important allergen in susceptible populations,is responsible for celiac disease and wheat contacts dermatitis.In this study,LMW-GS was highly purified from Chinese wheat(Xiaoyan 6)and further identified and characterized.In addition,8 peptides were predicted efficiently by 5 immunological tools,among which 5 peptides showed significant immunoglobulin E binding abilities.Two specific epitopes were found to be in the non-conserved region of the amino acid sequence of LMW-GS,which was speculated to be the specific epitope of Chinese wheat.This systematic research of LMW-GS may provide new insights into the prevention of wheat allergy and development of hypoallergenic wheat products.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(No.LY21C200006)。
文摘Vitamin B_(2)is an essential water-soluble vitamin.For most prokaryotes,a bifunctional enzyme called FAD synthase catalyzes the successive conversion of riboflavin to FMN and FAD.In this study,the plasmid pNEW-AZ containing six key genes for the riboflavin synthesis was transformed into strain R2 with the deleted FMN riboswitch,yielding strain R5.The R5 strain could produce 540.23±5.40 mg/L riboflavin,which was 10.61%higher than the R4 strain containing plasmids pET-AE and pAC-Z harboring six key genes.To further enhance the production of riboflavin,homology matching and molecular docking were performed to identify key amino acid residues of FAD synthase.Nine point mutation sites were identified.By comparing riboflavin kinase activity,mutations of T203D and N210D,which respectively decreased by 29.90%and 89.32%compared to wild-type FAD synthase,were selected for CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of the genome,generating engineered strains R203 and R210.pNEW-AZ was transformed into R203,generating R6.R6 produced 657.38±47.48 mg/L riboflavin,a 21.69%increase compared to R5.This study contributes to the high production of riboflavin in recombinant E.coli BL21.
基金the State key research and development plan(2017YFD0400203).
文摘Food allergy is one of the most important food safety problems that has attracted increasing attention.The food allergy experimental models provide not only the accurate allergen detection and evaluation methods but also the powerful approaches for mechanism investigations.In this paper,we reviewed the common food allergy cell models including mast cell,basophil granulocyte and basophil,as well as the animal models of BALB/c mouse,C3H/HeJ mouse,and BN rat.We also introduced zebrafish,a promising model organism for investigating immunity though lacking direct applications in food allergy to date,and focused on traumatic inflammation,bacterial infection and viral infection models.In addition,we also summarized the clinical diagnostic research methods for food allergy.The elucidation of these topics will help researchers to understand the characteristics and mechanisms of various models and thus select the proper models for particular study,so as to support further investigations of food allergy.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0401200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801452)the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Foundation of China(2018C02025 and 2019C02069)。
文摘D-tryptophan is a special kind of nonprotein amino acid showing multiple physiological functions,but the detailed mechanisms are not fully revealed,impairing its further development and applications.This work was to investigate D-tryptophan physiological function and demonstrate the underlying mechanisms.D-tryptophan suppressed HaCaT cell proliferation but increased cell migration.Specifically,D-tryptophan decreased E-cadherin and increased Snail,Twist,and Slug expression,resulting in the development of an epithelial-mesenchymal transitions(EMT)phenomenon.Moreover,D-tryptophan promoted the expression of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)1,and Smad4 knockout damages D-tryptophan’s ability.These results indicated that D-tryptophan stimulated HaCaT cells to produce TGF-β1 and thus activated the TGF-β/Samd pathway,resulting in the triggering of EMT.This study revealed the molecular mechanisms of D-tryptophan activity,provided D-tryptophan as a potential approach for cancer treatment,wound healing,organ development and other relevant applications.
基金This study was financially supported by the Xueyou Foundation of Chinese Student Nutrition and Health Promotion Association(CASNHP-MJN2021-13).
文摘Ageing is a universal decline of physiological functions accompanied by an increase in risks of developing morbidity,diseases,and death.Calorie restriction(CR)without malnutrition has been shown to improve lifespan from simple model organisms to mammals,and extensive research over the past decades have identified several universally conserved signalling pathways by which CR regulates lifespan.More recently,emerging evidence has suggested that modulation of intake levels of macronutrients and micronutrients can also impact healthspan and lifespan in model organisms.These findings propose potentially promising and cost-effective approaches to promote healthy ageing and longevity in humans through personalised nutrition.In this review,we summarise the mechanisms by which CR promotes healthspan and longevity,focusing on the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)and several universally conserved geroprotective nutrient-sensing pathways(insulin/insulin-like growth factor(IGF-1),AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),mTOR).We further discuss the accumulating data supporting that changes in dietary pattern,levels of nutrient intake(both macronutrient and micronutrient)and functional foods can impact healthspan through acting on the key components of nutrient-sensing and immunoprotective pathways,providing fundamental support for future research and development of anti-ageing diets and dietary regimes.
基金the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ15C200001)the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(2022SNJF0202022SNJF069).
文摘Indicating hydrogels have shown the advantages of being fast, sensitive, and real-time in demonstrating the freshness of aquatic products due to their noticeable color change. In this work, an anti-freezing hydrogel embedded with pH-sensitive alizarin was developed as an original colorimetric indicator for monitoring the corruption of aquatic products at low temperatures. The anti-freezing hydrogel was prepared from 2-carboxyethyl acrylate, [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-trimethylammonium chloride, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomers with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linking agent. The hydrogel showed excellent anti-freezing capability, which was further incorporated with the pH-sensitive dye alizarin to gain the indicating capability. When applied in the indication of the freshness of salmon under low-temperature storage, it was found that the color changes of the indicator corresponded with the total volatile basic nitrogen contents of salmon, the correlation coefficient of which was 0.959 6. These results indicated the application potential of the hydrogels as freshness indicators during low-temperature storage or cold-chain transportation.
