Considering dynamical disease spreading network consisting of moving individuals,a new double-layer network is constructed,one where the information dissemination process takes place and the other where the dynamics o...Considering dynamical disease spreading network consisting of moving individuals,a new double-layer network is constructed,one where the information dissemination process takes place and the other where the dynamics of disease spreading evolves.On the basis of Markov chains theory,a new model characterizing the coupled dynamics between information dissemination and disease spreading in populations of moving agents is established and corresponding state probability equations are formulated to describe the probability in each state of every node at each moment.Monte Carlo simulations are performed to characterize the interaction process between information and disease spreading and investigate factors that influence spreading dynamics.Simulation results show that the increasing of information transmission rate can reduce the scale of disease spreading in some degree.Shortening infection period and strengthening consciousness for self-protection by decreasing individual’s scope of activity both can effectively reduce the final refractory density for the disease but have less effect on the information dissemination.In addition,the increasing of vaccination rate or decreasing of long-range travel can also reduce the scale of disease spreading.展开更多
Keloids are a notorious fibroproliferative disorder that may cause cosmetic concerns and life inconvenience.Various methods such as surgery,injection,and laser have been used;however,single treatments are at risk of r...Keloids are a notorious fibroproliferative disorder that may cause cosmetic concerns and life inconvenience.Various methods such as surgery,injection,and laser have been used;however,single treatments are at risk of recurrence;therefore,comprehensive therapy is the better solution.Here,we focused on the management of different medical interventions according to subjective and objective conditions of keloid patients and summarized several clinical comprehensive strategies based on our clinical experience.One original concept of laser combined with radiotherapy was also introduced as a promising method,especially for wide-based pathological scars.展开更多
Large-scale,high-precision,and high-transparency microchannels hold great potential for developing high-performance continuous-flow photochemical reactions.We demonstrated ultrafast laser-enabled fabrication of three-...Large-scale,high-precision,and high-transparency microchannels hold great potential for developing high-performance continuous-flow photochemical reactions.We demonstrated ultrafast laser-enabled fabrication of three-dimensional microchannel reactors in ultraviolet(UV)grade fused silica which exhibit high transparency under the illumination of UV light sources of wavelengths well below 300 nm with excellent mixing efficiency.With the fabricated glass microchannel reactors,we demonstrated continuous-flow photochemical synthesis of vitamin D_(3) with UV LED array light sources.展开更多
The synthesis of materials has been an important task throughout human history,and the ability to perform successful and efficient syntheses has been a factor in industrial revolutions and societal development.Recentl...The synthesis of materials has been an important task throughout human history,and the ability to perform successful and efficient syntheses has been a factor in industrial revolutions and societal development.Recently,the rapid development of sophisticated techniques such as flow synthesis methods,artificial intelligence,infor-mation technology,and robotics,has facilitated the autonomous synthesis of chemicals with minimal effort and at little cost to the economy.This trend has influenced recent materials research and could potentially reduce the time from discovery of materials to their commercialization.In this short review,we focus on the autonomous synthesis of materials.We first discuss how autonomous synthesis could change materials research.Then,we provide some examples of autonomous syntheses in flow reactors.Finally,we present examples of autonomous syntheses using non-flow methods.展开更多
Mineralization of the ZIF-8 in the presence of biomacromolecules has been demonstrated to be a general way for making bioentities@ZIFs composites.The ZIF-8 crystals permit controlled storage and utilization of the bio...Mineralization of the ZIF-8 in the presence of biomacromolecules has been demonstrated to be a general way for making bioentities@ZIFs composites.The ZIF-8 crystals permit controlled storage and utilization of the bioentities,thus can benefit drug delivery,cold-chain breaking etc.With the increasing needs on personal care and distributed manufacturing,automated synthesis controlled by a computer becomes the next challenge.In this work,we designed an automatic synthesis system to prepare PEG mineralized ZIF-8 composite particles.This system is based on flow chemistry with the microfluidic chips fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining.The particles were synthesized and monitored automatically.Furthermore,this synthesizer could be extended for fabrication of vaccine particles under remote control through internet.展开更多
Despite the continuously increased requirement on automated synthesis of medicines for distributed manufacturing and personal care, it remains a challenge to realize automated synthesis which requires solid-liquid pha...Despite the continuously increased requirement on automated synthesis of medicines for distributed manufacturing and personal care, it remains a challenge to realize automated synthesis which requires solid-liquid phase reactions. In this work, we demonstrated an automated solid-liquid synthesis for gadopentetate dimeglumine, the most widely used magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) contrast agent. The high-efficiency reaction was performed in a 3D microfluidic chip which was fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining. The structure of the chip realized 3D shear flow which was essential for highly efficient mixing and movement of the solid-liquid mixtures. Ultraviolet visible(UV-vis) spectrometer was employed for in-line analysis to help automation of this system. Comparing with the round-bottom flask system, this synthetic system showed significantly higher reaction rate, indicating the advantage of the3D microfluidic technology in micro chemical engineering.展开更多
基金This research has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61672298 and 61373136)the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.13BTQ046)+3 种基金the High-level Introduction of Talent Scientific Research Start-up Fund of Jiangsu Police Institute(Grant No.JSPI17GKZL403)the Scientific Research Program of Jiangsu Police Institute(Grant No.2017SJYZQ01)the Science and Technology Plan Projects of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BE2017067)and the Research Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.15YJAZH016).
文摘Considering dynamical disease spreading network consisting of moving individuals,a new double-layer network is constructed,one where the information dissemination process takes place and the other where the dynamics of disease spreading evolves.On the basis of Markov chains theory,a new model characterizing the coupled dynamics between information dissemination and disease spreading in populations of moving agents is established and corresponding state probability equations are formulated to describe the probability in each state of every node at each moment.Monte Carlo simulations are performed to characterize the interaction process between information and disease spreading and investigate factors that influence spreading dynamics.Simulation results show that the increasing of information transmission rate can reduce the scale of disease spreading in some degree.Shortening infection period and strengthening consciousness for self-protection by decreasing individual’s scope of activity both can effectively reduce the final refractory density for the disease but have less effect on the information dissemination.In addition,the increasing of vaccination rate or decreasing of long-range travel can also reduce the scale of disease spreading.
基金This study is supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(81101432 and 81272036).
文摘Keloids are a notorious fibroproliferative disorder that may cause cosmetic concerns and life inconvenience.Various methods such as surgery,injection,and laser have been used;however,single treatments are at risk of recurrence;therefore,comprehensive therapy is the better solution.Here,we focused on the management of different medical interventions according to subjective and objective conditions of keloid patients and summarized several clinical comprehensive strategies based on our clinical experience.One original concept of laser combined with radiotherapy was also introduced as a promising method,especially for wide-based pathological scars.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12174107,61991444,11933005,12192251,and 12334014)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0705000)+2 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.21DZ1101500)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major ProjectFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Large-scale,high-precision,and high-transparency microchannels hold great potential for developing high-performance continuous-flow photochemical reactions.We demonstrated ultrafast laser-enabled fabrication of three-dimensional microchannel reactors in ultraviolet(UV)grade fused silica which exhibit high transparency under the illumination of UV light sources of wavelengths well below 300 nm with excellent mixing efficiency.With the fabricated glass microchannel reactors,we demonstrated continuous-flow photochemical synthesis of vitamin D_(3) with UV LED array light sources.
文摘The synthesis of materials has been an important task throughout human history,and the ability to perform successful and efficient syntheses has been a factor in industrial revolutions and societal development.Recently,the rapid development of sophisticated techniques such as flow synthesis methods,artificial intelligence,infor-mation technology,and robotics,has facilitated the autonomous synthesis of chemicals with minimal effort and at little cost to the economy.This trend has influenced recent materials research and could potentially reduce the time from discovery of materials to their commercialization.In this short review,we focus on the autonomous synthesis of materials.We first discuss how autonomous synthesis could change materials research.Then,we provide some examples of autonomous syntheses in flow reactors.Finally,we present examples of autonomous syntheses using non-flow methods.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11674340)Key Project of the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.18DZ1112700)。
文摘Mineralization of the ZIF-8 in the presence of biomacromolecules has been demonstrated to be a general way for making bioentities@ZIFs composites.The ZIF-8 crystals permit controlled storage and utilization of the bioentities,thus can benefit drug delivery,cold-chain breaking etc.With the increasing needs on personal care and distributed manufacturing,automated synthesis controlled by a computer becomes the next challenge.In this work,we designed an automatic synthesis system to prepare PEG mineralized ZIF-8 composite particles.This system is based on flow chemistry with the microfluidic chips fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining.The particles were synthesized and monitored automatically.Furthermore,this synthesizer could be extended for fabrication of vaccine particles under remote control through internet.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11674340)Key Project of the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (No.18DZ1112700)。
文摘Despite the continuously increased requirement on automated synthesis of medicines for distributed manufacturing and personal care, it remains a challenge to realize automated synthesis which requires solid-liquid phase reactions. In this work, we demonstrated an automated solid-liquid synthesis for gadopentetate dimeglumine, the most widely used magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) contrast agent. The high-efficiency reaction was performed in a 3D microfluidic chip which was fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining. The structure of the chip realized 3D shear flow which was essential for highly efficient mixing and movement of the solid-liquid mixtures. Ultraviolet visible(UV-vis) spectrometer was employed for in-line analysis to help automation of this system. Comparing with the round-bottom flask system, this synthetic system showed significantly higher reaction rate, indicating the advantage of the3D microfluidic technology in micro chemical engineering.
