Ferroptosis is a new mode of cell death,which can be induced by Fenton reactionmediated lipid peroxidation.However,the insufficient H2O2 and high GSH in tumor cells restrict the efficiency of Fenton reaction-dependent...Ferroptosis is a new mode of cell death,which can be induced by Fenton reactionmediated lipid peroxidation.However,the insufficient H2O2 and high GSH in tumor cells restrict the efficiency of Fenton reaction-dependent ferroptosis.Herein,a self-supplying lipid peroxide nanoreactor was developed to co-delivery of doxorubicin(DOX),iron and unsaturated lipid for efficient ferroptosis.By leveraging the coordination effect between DOX and Fe3+,trisulfide bond-bridged DOX dimeric prodrug was actively loaded into the core of the unsaturated lipids-rich liposome via iron ion gradient method.First,Fe3+could react with the overexpressed GSH in tumor cells,inducing the GSH depletion and Fe2+generation.Second,the cleavage of trisulfide bond could also consume GSH,and the released DOX induces the generation of H2O2,which would react with the generated Fe2+in step one to induce efficient Fenton reaction-dependent ferroptosis.Third,the formed Fe3+/Fe2+couple could directly catalyze peroxidation of unsaturated lipids to boost Fenton reaction-independent ferroptosis.This iron-prodrug liposome nanoreactor precisely programs multimodal ferroptosis by integrating GSH depletion,ROS generation and lipid peroxidation,providing new sights for efficient cancer therapy.展开更多
Spinning electrodynamic tether systems(SEDTs)have promising potential for the active removal of space debris,the construction of observation platforms,and the formation of artificial gravity.However,owing to the survi...Spinning electrodynamic tether systems(SEDTs)have promising potential for the active removal of space debris,the construction of observation platforms,and the formation of artificial gravity.However,owing to the survivability problem of long tethers,designing collision-avoidance strategies for SEDTs with space debris is an urgent issue.This study focuses on the design of collision-avoidance strategies for SEDTs with an electrodynamic force(Ampere force).The relative distance between the debris and the SEDT is first derived,and then two collision-avoidance strategies are proposed according to the two different cases.When debris collides closer to a lighter subsatellite,a stationary avoidance strategy is proposed to change the spatial position of the subsatellite by adjusting only the angular motion of the tether,which maintains the original orbit of the SEDT.When debris collides closer to a heavier main spacecraft,a comprehensive avoidance strategy is proposed to change the spatial position of the SEDT by slightly modifying the orbital height and changing the tether angular motion simultaneously.The numerical results illustrate that the proposed strategies promptly avoid potential collisions of an SEDT with space debris without significant changes in the orbital parameters of the SEDT.展开更多
Hydrogen production through solar energy is one of the most important pathways to meet the growing demand of renewable energy,and photocatalyst participation in solar hydrolytic hydrogen production has received great ...Hydrogen production through solar energy is one of the most important pathways to meet the growing demand of renewable energy,and photocatalyst participation in solar hydrolytic hydrogen production has received great attention in recent years in terms of low cost,high efficiency,and flexible design.Particularly,g-C_(3)N_(4)(Graphitic-like carbon nitride material),as a unique material,can catalyze the hydrogen production process by completing the separation and transmission of charge.The easily adjustable pore structure/surface area,dimension,band-gap modulation and defect have shown great potential for hydrogen production from water cracking.In this review,the most recent advance of g-C_(3)N_(4) including the doping of metal and non-metal elements,and the formation of semiconductor heterojunction is highlighted.The main modification strategies and approaches for the design of g-C_(3)N_(4) for hydrogen production,as well as the influence of various materials on hydrogen evolution regarding the photocatalysis mechanism and advantages brought by theoretical calculations are specially and briefly illu-strated.Potential design pathways and strategies of g-C_(3)N_(4) are discussed.In addition,current challenges of hydrogen production from g-C_(3)N_(4) water splitting are summarized and can be expected.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.81872816)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(no.XLYC180801)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Innovative Talents Support Program(no.BX20190219)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(no.2019M661134).
文摘Ferroptosis is a new mode of cell death,which can be induced by Fenton reactionmediated lipid peroxidation.However,the insufficient H2O2 and high GSH in tumor cells restrict the efficiency of Fenton reaction-dependent ferroptosis.Herein,a self-supplying lipid peroxide nanoreactor was developed to co-delivery of doxorubicin(DOX),iron and unsaturated lipid for efficient ferroptosis.By leveraging the coordination effect between DOX and Fe3+,trisulfide bond-bridged DOX dimeric prodrug was actively loaded into the core of the unsaturated lipids-rich liposome via iron ion gradient method.First,Fe3+could react with the overexpressed GSH in tumor cells,inducing the GSH depletion and Fe2+generation.Second,the cleavage of trisulfide bond could also consume GSH,and the released DOX induces the generation of H2O2,which would react with the generated Fe2+in step one to induce efficient Fenton reaction-dependent ferroptosis.Third,the formed Fe3+/Fe2+couple could directly catalyze peroxidation of unsaturated lipids to boost Fenton reaction-independent ferroptosis.This iron-prodrug liposome nanoreactor precisely programs multimodal ferroptosis by integrating GSH depletion,ROS generation and lipid peroxidation,providing new sights for efficient cancer therapy.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62273277)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Grant No.2023-GHZD-32)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.D5000220031)Russian Foundation for basic research assistance(Grant No.21-51-53002).
文摘Spinning electrodynamic tether systems(SEDTs)have promising potential for the active removal of space debris,the construction of observation platforms,and the formation of artificial gravity.However,owing to the survivability problem of long tethers,designing collision-avoidance strategies for SEDTs with space debris is an urgent issue.This study focuses on the design of collision-avoidance strategies for SEDTs with an electrodynamic force(Ampere force).The relative distance between the debris and the SEDT is first derived,and then two collision-avoidance strategies are proposed according to the two different cases.When debris collides closer to a lighter subsatellite,a stationary avoidance strategy is proposed to change the spatial position of the subsatellite by adjusting only the angular motion of the tether,which maintains the original orbit of the SEDT.When debris collides closer to a heavier main spacecraft,a comprehensive avoidance strategy is proposed to change the spatial position of the SEDT by slightly modifying the orbital height and changing the tether angular motion simultaneously.The numerical results illustrate that the proposed strategies promptly avoid potential collisions of an SEDT with space debris without significant changes in the orbital parameters of the SEDT.
基金This work was supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2021YFS0284,2018SZDZX0026,2021YFS0289)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment(South China Normal University),Ministry of Education(20200103)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Southwest Jiaotong University(210824)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Southwest Jiaotong University(ZD2021210001).
文摘Hydrogen production through solar energy is one of the most important pathways to meet the growing demand of renewable energy,and photocatalyst participation in solar hydrolytic hydrogen production has received great attention in recent years in terms of low cost,high efficiency,and flexible design.Particularly,g-C_(3)N_(4)(Graphitic-like carbon nitride material),as a unique material,can catalyze the hydrogen production process by completing the separation and transmission of charge.The easily adjustable pore structure/surface area,dimension,band-gap modulation and defect have shown great potential for hydrogen production from water cracking.In this review,the most recent advance of g-C_(3)N_(4) including the doping of metal and non-metal elements,and the formation of semiconductor heterojunction is highlighted.The main modification strategies and approaches for the design of g-C_(3)N_(4) for hydrogen production,as well as the influence of various materials on hydrogen evolution regarding the photocatalysis mechanism and advantages brought by theoretical calculations are specially and briefly illu-strated.Potential design pathways and strategies of g-C_(3)N_(4) are discussed.In addition,current challenges of hydrogen production from g-C_(3)N_(4) water splitting are summarized and can be expected.
