Our previous research studies have shown that Veratrilla baillonii Franch,a food supplement used by ethnic minorities in Southwest China,has multiple pharmacological activities,such as detoxification,antiinflammatory,...Our previous research studies have shown that Veratrilla baillonii Franch,a food supplement used by ethnic minorities in Southwest China,has multiple pharmacological activities,such as detoxification,antiinflammatory,antioxidant,and anti-insulin resistance.However,the detailed signal pathways for its salutary effect on damages in multiple organs due to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)remains unclear.The current study is to evaluate the therapeutic effects of V.baillonii on T2DM rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms.The T2DM rat model was successfully established by a high-sugar and high-fat diet(HFD)combination with intraperitoneal injection of a small dose of streptozotocin(STZ,35 mg/kg).Biochemical analysis and histopatholgical examinations were conducted to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of water extracts of V.baillonii(WVBF).The results showed that the WVBF treatment can improve hyperglycemia and insulin resistance,ameliorate the liver,kidney and pancreas injuries via decreasing inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α,and oxidative damages.Further investigation suggested that WVBF modulates the signal transductions of the IRS1/PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 and AMPK pathways.These findings demonstrate potentials of WVBF in the treatment of T2DM and possible mechanisms for its hepatoprotective activities.展开更多
Dear Editor,Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)is a powerful and versatile gene editing system that has been extensively utilized in various animals and plants,which holds enormous potent...Dear Editor,Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)is a powerful and versatile gene editing system that has been extensively utilized in various animals and plants,which holds enormous potential and value for scientific research and breeding.However,single-targeted CRISPR can only induce a few base deletions,insertions,or substitution.Ideally,thesemutations result in premature termination of the protein encoded by the target gene,leading to a loss of function[1].展开更多
Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is an energy-expending organ that produces heat.Expansion or activation of BAT prevents obesity and diabetes.Chronic cold exposure enhances thermogenesis in BAT through uncoupling protein 1(UC...Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is an energy-expending organ that produces heat.Expansion or activation of BAT prevents obesity and diabetes.Chronic cold exposure enhances thermogenesis in BAT through uncoupling protein 1(UCP1)activation triggered via a b-adrenergic pathway.Here,we report that the cold-sensing transient receptor potential melastatin 8(TRPM8)is functionally present in mouse BAT.Challenging brown adipocytes with menthol,a TRPM8 agonist,up-regulates UCP1 expression and requires protein kinase A activation.Upon mimicking long-term cold exposure with chronic dietary menthol application,menthol significantly increased the core temperatures and locomotor activity in wild-type mice;these effects were absent in both TRPM82/2 and UCP12/2 mice.Dietary obesity and glucose abnormalities were also prevented by menthol treatment.Our results reveal a previously unrecognized role for TRPM8,suggesting that stimulation of this channel mediates BAT thermogenesis,which could constitute a promising way to treat obesity.展开更多
The green-flesh(gf)mutant of the tomato fruit ripen to a muddy brown color and has been demonstrated previously to be a loss-of-function mutant.Here,we provide more evidence to support this view that S/SGR1 is involve...The green-flesh(gf)mutant of the tomato fruit ripen to a muddy brown color and has been demonstrated previously to be a loss-of-function mutant.Here,we provide more evidence to support this view that S/SGR1 is involved in color change in ripening tomato fruits.Knocking out SISGR1 expression using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 genome editing strategy showed obviously a muddy brown color with significantly higher chlorophyll and carotenoid content compared with wild-type(WT)fruits.To further verify the role of SiSGR1 in fruit color change,we performed transcriptome deep sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis,where a total of 354 differentially expressed genes(124/230 downregulated/upregulated)were identified between WT and slsgr1.Additionally,the expression of numerous genes associated with photosynthesis and chloroplast function changed significantly when S/SGR1 was knocked out.Taken together,these results indicate that S/SGR1 is involved in color change in ripening fruit via chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid biosynthesis.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81873090)Support Innovation and Development of Enterprise Technology Projects in Hubei Province (2021BLB174)the modern transmission and innovation research team of Traditional Chinese Medicine,South Central Minzu University。
文摘Our previous research studies have shown that Veratrilla baillonii Franch,a food supplement used by ethnic minorities in Southwest China,has multiple pharmacological activities,such as detoxification,antiinflammatory,antioxidant,and anti-insulin resistance.However,the detailed signal pathways for its salutary effect on damages in multiple organs due to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)remains unclear.The current study is to evaluate the therapeutic effects of V.baillonii on T2DM rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms.The T2DM rat model was successfully established by a high-sugar and high-fat diet(HFD)combination with intraperitoneal injection of a small dose of streptozotocin(STZ,35 mg/kg).Biochemical analysis and histopatholgical examinations were conducted to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of water extracts of V.baillonii(WVBF).The results showed that the WVBF treatment can improve hyperglycemia and insulin resistance,ameliorate the liver,kidney and pancreas injuries via decreasing inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α,and oxidative damages.Further investigation suggested that WVBF modulates the signal transductions of the IRS1/PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 and AMPK pathways.These findings demonstrate potentials of WVBF in the treatment of T2DM and possible mechanisms for its hepatoprotective activities.
基金We thank Professor Pengcheng Wei of Anhui Agricultural University for his guidance on the experimental methods.This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFD2100101)the Joint NSFC-ISF Research Program(Grant No.32061143022)+1 种基金the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University(Grant No.1061-00109017)to HZthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.3217180159).
文摘Dear Editor,Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)is a powerful and versatile gene editing system that has been extensively utilized in various animals and plants,which holds enormous potential and value for scientific research and breeding.However,single-targeted CRISPR can only induce a few base deletions,insertions,or substitution.Ideally,thesemutations result in premature termination of the protein encoded by the target gene,leading to a loss of function[1].
基金supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB517805 and 2012CB517806)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30890042)supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars from the Ministry of Education in China.
文摘Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is an energy-expending organ that produces heat.Expansion or activation of BAT prevents obesity and diabetes.Chronic cold exposure enhances thermogenesis in BAT through uncoupling protein 1(UCP1)activation triggered via a b-adrenergic pathway.Here,we report that the cold-sensing transient receptor potential melastatin 8(TRPM8)is functionally present in mouse BAT.Challenging brown adipocytes with menthol,a TRPM8 agonist,up-regulates UCP1 expression and requires protein kinase A activation.Upon mimicking long-term cold exposure with chronic dietary menthol application,menthol significantly increased the core temperatures and locomotor activity in wild-type mice;these effects were absent in both TRPM82/2 and UCP12/2 mice.Dietary obesity and glucose abnormalities were also prevented by menthol treatment.Our results reveal a previously unrecognized role for TRPM8,suggesting that stimulation of this channel mediates BAT thermogenesis,which could constitute a promising way to treat obesity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31972472 and No.32061143022).
文摘The green-flesh(gf)mutant of the tomato fruit ripen to a muddy brown color and has been demonstrated previously to be a loss-of-function mutant.Here,we provide more evidence to support this view that S/SGR1 is involved in color change in ripening tomato fruits.Knocking out SISGR1 expression using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 genome editing strategy showed obviously a muddy brown color with significantly higher chlorophyll and carotenoid content compared with wild-type(WT)fruits.To further verify the role of SiSGR1 in fruit color change,we performed transcriptome deep sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis,where a total of 354 differentially expressed genes(124/230 downregulated/upregulated)were identified between WT and slsgr1.Additionally,the expression of numerous genes associated with photosynthesis and chloroplast function changed significantly when S/SGR1 was knocked out.Taken together,these results indicate that S/SGR1 is involved in color change in ripening fruit via chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid biosynthesis.
