目的了解国内外临床护理教师胜任力的研究现况。方法计算机检索PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、万方、CNKI、CBM以及相关权威机构的官方网站,检索时限为建库至2019年9月1日,2名研究者独立筛选和提取文献基本特征,并对所有文献的结果...目的了解国内外临床护理教师胜任力的研究现况。方法计算机检索PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、万方、CNKI、CBM以及相关权威机构的官方网站,检索时限为建库至2019年9月1日,2名研究者独立筛选和提取文献基本特征,并对所有文献的结果进行分析和讨论。结果共纳入文献39篇,结果显示国内外临床护理教师胜任力的概念及内涵存在一定差异,且国外相关研究起步较早,其理论框架、准入制度、培训和评价体系已较为成熟和规范,而我国目前以临床护理教师胜任力框架和测量工具的研制为主,培训项目的开发及应用研究较少,缺乏以证据为依托的临床护理教师准入、考核及注册标准。结论应由权威机构规范临床护理教师胜任力的概念、内涵、准入、培养、考核和注册,确保临床护理教学的质量。展开更多
针对基于近似模型的涡轮叶片设计过程中一次性建模方法未能充分利用样本点信息导致近似建模精度较低的弊端,提出了基于积分均方误差(Integral mean square error,IMSE)减小的序贯建模方法。以随机克里金模型(Stochastic Kriging,SK)作...针对基于近似模型的涡轮叶片设计过程中一次性建模方法未能充分利用样本点信息导致近似建模精度较低的弊端,提出了基于积分均方误差(Integral mean square error,IMSE)减小的序贯建模方法。以随机克里金模型(Stochastic Kriging,SK)作为近似模型考虑响应不确定性的影响,并通过添加使近似模型IMSE期望减小最大的样本点序贯更新近似模型。“克里金信任”(Kriging believer)策略被应用于序贯选取样本点优化问题的求解过程,以减小仿真成本。选用了一个数值算例和涡轮叶片力学性能预报工程算例验证所提出方法的性能,结果表明,所提出的方法与一次性建模方法相比,在相同仿真成本下能构建全局和局部精度更优的近似模型。展开更多
The essence of empirical test of Wagner characteristic in new public management countries＇ tax revenue is to test the influence of economic growth on tax growth since new public management movement. Under IMF statist...The essence of empirical test of Wagner characteristic in new public management countries＇ tax revenue is to test the influence of economic growth on tax growth since new public management movement. Under IMF statistical framework, by using E-G two-step method in co-integration test and Granger causality test and empirically testing of the gross tax revenue and classified tax revenue in Australian, Canada, France, America, Britain these five countries, we can find that most indicators in most countries do not confirm to Wagner＇ s law. With the growth of GDP, tax revenue as a percentage of GDP rises periodically but not permanently. This period can be called the validity period of Wagner＇ s law in financial scale.展开更多
文摘目的了解国内外临床护理教师胜任力的研究现况。方法计算机检索PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、万方、CNKI、CBM以及相关权威机构的官方网站,检索时限为建库至2019年9月1日,2名研究者独立筛选和提取文献基本特征,并对所有文献的结果进行分析和讨论。结果共纳入文献39篇,结果显示国内外临床护理教师胜任力的概念及内涵存在一定差异,且国外相关研究起步较早,其理论框架、准入制度、培训和评价体系已较为成熟和规范,而我国目前以临床护理教师胜任力框架和测量工具的研制为主,培训项目的开发及应用研究较少,缺乏以证据为依托的临床护理教师准入、考核及注册标准。结论应由权威机构规范临床护理教师胜任力的概念、内涵、准入、培养、考核和注册,确保临床护理教学的质量。
文摘The essence of empirical test of Wagner characteristic in new public management countries＇ tax revenue is to test the influence of economic growth on tax growth since new public management movement. Under IMF statistical framework, by using E-G two-step method in co-integration test and Granger causality test and empirically testing of the gross tax revenue and classified tax revenue in Australian, Canada, France, America, Britain these five countries, we can find that most indicators in most countries do not confirm to Wagner＇ s law. With the growth of GDP, tax revenue as a percentage of GDP rises periodically but not permanently. This period can be called the validity period of Wagner＇ s law in financial scale.
