There are multitudes of sustainability rating systems and guidelines,and it is difficult to decide which ones to use and how to use them.In addition,multi-modal projects have different focal areas and associated ratin...There are multitudes of sustainability rating systems and guidelines,and it is difficult to decide which ones to use and how to use them.In addition,multi-modal projects have different focal areas and associated rating systems related to each mode or other aspect of the project.Five green ratings systems representative of aspects of a multi-modal ferry facility had previously been selected and were used in a four step methodology to synthesize into a strategic decision making platform.This current research focuses on how to make more detailed decision making harmonization amongst the credits in the rating systems.Using an analytical hierarchy process(AHP)of the credits in the rating systems,it was determined that the two main groups of information that could be used for harmonization were key intents or goals(KI)and key strategies or practices(KS).A short cursory case study example of how these KIs and KSs might be further cross-coded in an open database with the credit subcategories and corresponding rating systems is also presented.The database can filter the credit subcategories across the rating system for a specific key intent or key strategy.The harmonized lists and database may facilitate decision makers and construction managers in correlating intents and methodologies for a project across multiple rating systems.展开更多
There is great interest in preventing the spread of acute respiratory infections(ARI)in military housing and in other facilities with multiple occupants such as hospitals.There has been some research on the mode of tr...There is great interest in preventing the spread of acute respiratory infections(ARI)in military housing and in other facilities with multiple occupants such as hospitals.There has been some research on the mode of transmission of ARIs in these types of occupancies,with several studies focusing on direct and indirect contact.This study,based on several barracks at the largest basic training facility for the Army in the United States,investigates the role of airborne transmission via heating,ventilating and air conditioning(HVAC)systems as compared to a combination of airborne,indirect contact and direct contact transmission in a room.The results indicate that there is a significant increase in the number of cases which might be attributable to airborne transmission via HVAC systems in several situations,both for ARIs that required hospitalization,and those which did not.展开更多
When attempting to achieve sustainability goals for integrated facilities,many green rating systems are available to guide the design,construction,operations and maintenance of a project.Due to the large number of sus...When attempting to achieve sustainability goals for integrated facilities,many green rating systems are available to guide the design,construction,operations and maintenance of a project.Due to the large number of sustainability tools that are available or mandated,it can be confusing to determine which set of guidelines to follow.For the Washington State Ferries(WSF),there is no green rating system which correlates perfectly with the unique intermodal challenges presented by ferry terminals.This paper focuses on five rating systems applicable to WSF:GreenLITES,LEED,Sustainable Sites Initiative,The Port Authority of NY/NJ Sustainable Infrastructure Guidelines(draft),and the draft Marine Vessel Environmental Performance Assessment(MVeP).These rating systems are integrated with a developing set of sustainable ferry guidelines in a green rating integration platform(GRIP).The GRIP readily relates credits and guidelines across multiple systems,aiding WSF in making decisions in accordance with sustainability goals.The GRIP format might similarly be applied to other integrated projects to more effectively and economically address sustainability across all aspects of projects and facility operations.展开更多
Pervious concrete systems are developing stormwater management technologies which also have wintertime benefits as melting snow may percolate into the system instead of refreezing on the surface. Enhancing the surface...Pervious concrete systems are developing stormwater management technologies which also have wintertime benefits as melting snow may percolate into the system instead of refreezing on the surface. Enhancing the surface microtexture of pervious concrete may also be beneficial in preventing icing or slipping by pedestrians. This research explored different surface treatments on pervious concrete specimens both qualitatively from personal judgements, and quantitatively through static friction measurements with a spring balance with respect to ＂slipperiness＂. The tests were performed on both dry and wet specimens. One aim was to determine whether the spring balance method may be a simple test for comparing surface treatments on pavement samples with little surface area such as laboratory specimens or sidewalk sections. The other purpose was to make a preliminary decision of which surface treatments to use for a sidewalk installation for future studies on wintertime performance. The reliability analysis of the spring balance results showed that there was high operator consistency. In addition, there was a high level of consistency on average results between the quantitative and qualitative methods. This implies that the spring balance test may be an acceptable methodology for comparative analyses with respect to static friction.展开更多
文摘There are multitudes of sustainability rating systems and guidelines,and it is difficult to decide which ones to use and how to use them.In addition,multi-modal projects have different focal areas and associated rating systems related to each mode or other aspect of the project.Five green ratings systems representative of aspects of a multi-modal ferry facility had previously been selected and were used in a four step methodology to synthesize into a strategic decision making platform.This current research focuses on how to make more detailed decision making harmonization amongst the credits in the rating systems.Using an analytical hierarchy process(AHP)of the credits in the rating systems,it was determined that the two main groups of information that could be used for harmonization were key intents or goals(KI)and key strategies or practices(KS).A short cursory case study example of how these KIs and KSs might be further cross-coded in an open database with the credit subcategories and corresponding rating systems is also presented.The database can filter the credit subcategories across the rating system for a specific key intent or key strategy.The harmonized lists and database may facilitate decision makers and construction managers in correlating intents and methodologies for a project across multiple rating systems.
基金supported by the U.S.Army Medical Research and Materiel Command under Contract No.W81XWH-07-C-0054.
文摘There is great interest in preventing the spread of acute respiratory infections(ARI)in military housing and in other facilities with multiple occupants such as hospitals.There has been some research on the mode of transmission of ARIs in these types of occupancies,with several studies focusing on direct and indirect contact.This study,based on several barracks at the largest basic training facility for the Army in the United States,investigates the role of airborne transmission via heating,ventilating and air conditioning(HVAC)systems as compared to a combination of airborne,indirect contact and direct contact transmission in a room.The results indicate that there is a significant increase in the number of cases which might be attributable to airborne transmission via HVAC systems in several situations,both for ARIs that required hospitalization,and those which did not.
文摘When attempting to achieve sustainability goals for integrated facilities,many green rating systems are available to guide the design,construction,operations and maintenance of a project.Due to the large number of sustainability tools that are available or mandated,it can be confusing to determine which set of guidelines to follow.For the Washington State Ferries(WSF),there is no green rating system which correlates perfectly with the unique intermodal challenges presented by ferry terminals.This paper focuses on five rating systems applicable to WSF:GreenLITES,LEED,Sustainable Sites Initiative,The Port Authority of NY/NJ Sustainable Infrastructure Guidelines(draft),and the draft Marine Vessel Environmental Performance Assessment(MVeP).These rating systems are integrated with a developing set of sustainable ferry guidelines in a green rating integration platform(GRIP).The GRIP readily relates credits and guidelines across multiple systems,aiding WSF in making decisions in accordance with sustainability goals.The GRIP format might similarly be applied to other integrated projects to more effectively and economically address sustainability across all aspects of projects and facility operations.
文摘Pervious concrete systems are developing stormwater management technologies which also have wintertime benefits as melting snow may percolate into the system instead of refreezing on the surface. Enhancing the surface microtexture of pervious concrete may also be beneficial in preventing icing or slipping by pedestrians. This research explored different surface treatments on pervious concrete specimens both qualitatively from personal judgements, and quantitatively through static friction measurements with a spring balance with respect to ＂slipperiness＂. The tests were performed on both dry and wet specimens. One aim was to determine whether the spring balance method may be a simple test for comparing surface treatments on pavement samples with little surface area such as laboratory specimens or sidewalk sections. The other purpose was to make a preliminary decision of which surface treatments to use for a sidewalk installation for future studies on wintertime performance. The reliability analysis of the spring balance results showed that there was high operator consistency. In addition, there was a high level of consistency on average results between the quantitative and qualitative methods. This implies that the spring balance test may be an acceptable methodology for comparative analyses with respect to static friction.
