Micro-arc oxidized Cu-incorporated TiO2 coatings （Cu-TiO2） were prepared in the Ca, P, Cu-containing electrolyte to obtain an implant material with superior biological activity and antibacterial property. The surfac...Micro-arc oxidized Cu-incorporated TiO2 coatings （Cu-TiO2） were prepared in the Ca, P, Cu-containing electrolyte to obtain an implant material with superior biological activity and antibacterial property. The surface topography, phase, and element composition of the TiO2 and Cu-TiO2 coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry （EDS）, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） was selected to evaluate the antibacterial property of the Cu-TiO2 coatings, whereas osteoblastic MG63 cells were cultured on the coatings to investigate the biological activity. The obtained results demonstrated that Cu element was successfully incorporated into the porous nano-structured TiO2 coatings, which did not alter apparently the surface topography and phase composition of the coatings as compared to the Cu-free TiO2 coatings. Moreover, the antibacterial studies suggested that the Cu-incorporated TiO2 coatings could significantly inhibit the adhesion of S. aureus. In addition, the in vitro biological evaluation displayed that the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of MG63 cells on the Cu-incorporated coatings were enhanced as compared to those on the Cu-free coatings and Ti plates. In conclusion, the innovative Cu-incorporated nano-structured TiO2 coatings on Ti substrate with excellent antibacterial property and biological activity are promising candidates for orthopedic implant.展开更多
In this study,sea ice thickness(SIT)and sea ice extent(SIE)in the Bohai Sea from 2000 to 2016 were investigated.A surface heat balance equation was applied to calculate SIT using ice surface temperatures estimated fro...In this study,sea ice thickness(SIT)and sea ice extent(SIE)in the Bohai Sea from 2000 to 2016 were investigated.A surface heat balance equation was applied to calculate SIT using ice surface temperatures estimated from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)data with input from air temperature and wind speed from reanalyzing weather data.No trend was found in SIT during 2000–2016.The mean SIT and SIE during this period were 5.58±0.86 cm and 23×10^(3)±8×10^(3)km^(2),respectively.The largest SIT and SIE periods were observed during the second half of January and the first half of February,respectively.The Spearman correlation coefficient between mean ice thickness and average air temperature from 21 automatic weather stations around the Bohai Sea was–0.94(P<.005),and the coefficient between median ice extent and negative accumulated temperature was–0.503(P<.001).The rate of increase in air temperature around the Bohai Sea is 0.271℃per decade in winter for 1979–2016(P<.05),which is much lower than that in northern polar area(0.648℃per decade).This rate has not resulted in a decreasing trend in SIT and SIE for the past 16 years in the Bohai Sea.展开更多
基金supported by the Shanghai Science and Technology R&D Fund(Nos.0952nm04400,07JC14057 and 08ZR1421600)the National Basic Research Fund(No. 2005CB623901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30700170,30973041 and 81271959)
文摘Micro-arc oxidized Cu-incorporated TiO2 coatings （Cu-TiO2） were prepared in the Ca, P, Cu-containing electrolyte to obtain an implant material with superior biological activity and antibacterial property. The surface topography, phase, and element composition of the TiO2 and Cu-TiO2 coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry （EDS）, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） was selected to evaluate the antibacterial property of the Cu-TiO2 coatings, whereas osteoblastic MG63 cells were cultured on the coatings to investigate the biological activity. The obtained results demonstrated that Cu element was successfully incorporated into the porous nano-structured TiO2 coatings, which did not alter apparently the surface topography and phase composition of the coatings as compared to the Cu-free TiO2 coatings. Moreover, the antibacterial studies suggested that the Cu-incorporated TiO2 coatings could significantly inhibit the adhesion of S. aureus. In addition, the in vitro biological evaluation displayed that the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of MG63 cells on the Cu-incorporated coatings were enhanced as compared to those on the Cu-free coatings and Ti plates. In conclusion, the innovative Cu-incorporated nano-structured TiO2 coatings on Ti substrate with excellent antibacterial property and biological activity are promising candidates for orthopedic implant.
基金the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration,National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41676176,41676182 and 41428603)Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Program.
文摘In this study,sea ice thickness(SIT)and sea ice extent(SIE)in the Bohai Sea from 2000 to 2016 were investigated.A surface heat balance equation was applied to calculate SIT using ice surface temperatures estimated from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)data with input from air temperature and wind speed from reanalyzing weather data.No trend was found in SIT during 2000–2016.The mean SIT and SIE during this period were 5.58±0.86 cm and 23×10^(3)±8×10^(3)km^(2),respectively.The largest SIT and SIE periods were observed during the second half of January and the first half of February,respectively.The Spearman correlation coefficient between mean ice thickness and average air temperature from 21 automatic weather stations around the Bohai Sea was–0.94(P<.005),and the coefficient between median ice extent and negative accumulated temperature was–0.503(P<.001).The rate of increase in air temperature around the Bohai Sea is 0.271℃per decade in winter for 1979–2016(P<.05),which is much lower than that in northern polar area(0.648℃per decade).This rate has not resulted in a decreasing trend in SIT and SIE for the past 16 years in the Bohai Sea.
