BACKGROUND Maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY)is a monogenic genetic disease often clinically misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes.MODY type 9(MODY9)is a rare subtype caused by mutations in the PAX4 gene.C...BACKGROUND Maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY)is a monogenic genetic disease often clinically misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes.MODY type 9(MODY9)is a rare subtype caused by mutations in the PAX4 gene.Currently,there are limited reports on PAX4-MODY,and its clinical characteristics and treatments are still unclear.In this report,we described a Chinese patient with high autoimmune antibodies,hyperglycemia and a site mutation in the PAX4 gene.CASE SUMMARY A 42-year-old obese woman suffered diabetes ketoacidosis after consuming substantial amounts of beverages.She had never had diabetes before,and no one in her family had it.However,her autoantibody tested positive,and she managed her blood glucose within the normal range for 6 mo through lifestyle interventions.Later,her blood glucose gradually increased.Next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on her family.The results revealed that she and her mother had a heterozygous mutation in the PAX4 gene(c.314G>A,p.R105H),but her daughter did not.The patient is currently taking liraglutide(1.8 mg/d),and her blood glucose levels are under control.Previous cases were retrieved from PubMed to investigate the relationship between PAX4 gene mutations and diabetes.CONCLUSION We reported the first case of a PAX4 gene heterozygous mutation site(c.314G>A,p.R105H),which does not appear pathogenic to MODY9 but may facilitate the progression of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.展开更多
目的探讨法医毒物分析中液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrome⁃try,LC-MS/MS)法检测血液中毒品类(甲基苯丙胺、吗啡、氯胺酮)、苯二氮蓝卓类(艾司唑仑、咪达唑仑、地西泮、氯硝西泮)和巴比妥类(苯巴比妥)共3...目的探讨法医毒物分析中液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrome⁃try,LC-MS/MS)法检测血液中毒品类(甲基苯丙胺、吗啡、氯胺酮)、苯二氮蓝卓类(艾司唑仑、咪达唑仑、地西泮、氯硝西泮)和巴比妥类(苯巴比妥)共3大类8种常见药(毒)物的保留时间和离子丰度比的最大允许偏差。方法在2根色谱柱、3种色谱条件下,经液液萃取后采用LC-MS/MS进行检测,分析质量浓度在检出限(limit of detection,LOD)、2倍检出限(2LOD)、定量限(limit of quantitation,LOQ)、1.5倍定量限(1.5LOQ)、2倍定量限(2LOQ)、4倍定量限(4LOQ)和6倍定量限(6LOQ)共7个较低质量浓度时保留时间和离子丰度比的偏差。结果血液添加样品中8种药(毒)物绝对保留时间的偏差在±0.05 min范围内的占98.11%,相对保留时间的偏差在±0.4%范围内的占96.21%。离子丰度比的最大偏差与质量浓度存在高度关联:药(毒)物质量浓度为LOQ及以上时,离子丰度比的绝对偏差和相对偏差都有95%以上分别在±25%和±40%范围内;质量浓度为LOQ以下时,范围可分别扩大至±35%和±50%。结论建议8种常见药(毒)物绝对保留时间的偏差判定范围为±0.1min,相对保留时间的偏差判定范围为±1.0%。质量浓度在LOQ及以上时离子丰度比的绝对偏差判定范围为±25%,相对偏差为±40%,质量浓度在LOQ以下时偏差判定范围可分别扩大至±35%和±50%。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81300702the Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing CSTC,No.cstc2018jcyjAXO210.
文摘BACKGROUND Maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY)is a monogenic genetic disease often clinically misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes.MODY type 9(MODY9)is a rare subtype caused by mutations in the PAX4 gene.Currently,there are limited reports on PAX4-MODY,and its clinical characteristics and treatments are still unclear.In this report,we described a Chinese patient with high autoimmune antibodies,hyperglycemia and a site mutation in the PAX4 gene.CASE SUMMARY A 42-year-old obese woman suffered diabetes ketoacidosis after consuming substantial amounts of beverages.She had never had diabetes before,and no one in her family had it.However,her autoantibody tested positive,and she managed her blood glucose within the normal range for 6 mo through lifestyle interventions.Later,her blood glucose gradually increased.Next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on her family.The results revealed that she and her mother had a heterozygous mutation in the PAX4 gene(c.314G>A,p.R105H),but her daughter did not.The patient is currently taking liraglutide(1.8 mg/d),and her blood glucose levels are under control.Previous cases were retrieved from PubMed to investigate the relationship between PAX4 gene mutations and diabetes.CONCLUSION We reported the first case of a PAX4 gene heterozygous mutation site(c.314G>A,p.R105H),which does not appear pathogenic to MODY9 but may facilitate the progression of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
文摘目的探讨法医毒物分析中液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrome⁃try,LC-MS/MS)法检测血液中毒品类(甲基苯丙胺、吗啡、氯胺酮)、苯二氮蓝卓类(艾司唑仑、咪达唑仑、地西泮、氯硝西泮)和巴比妥类(苯巴比妥)共3大类8种常见药(毒)物的保留时间和离子丰度比的最大允许偏差。方法在2根色谱柱、3种色谱条件下,经液液萃取后采用LC-MS/MS进行检测,分析质量浓度在检出限(limit of detection,LOD)、2倍检出限(2LOD)、定量限(limit of quantitation,LOQ)、1.5倍定量限(1.5LOQ)、2倍定量限(2LOQ)、4倍定量限(4LOQ)和6倍定量限(6LOQ)共7个较低质量浓度时保留时间和离子丰度比的偏差。结果血液添加样品中8种药(毒)物绝对保留时间的偏差在±0.05 min范围内的占98.11%,相对保留时间的偏差在±0.4%范围内的占96.21%。离子丰度比的最大偏差与质量浓度存在高度关联:药(毒)物质量浓度为LOQ及以上时,离子丰度比的绝对偏差和相对偏差都有95%以上分别在±25%和±40%范围内;质量浓度为LOQ以下时,范围可分别扩大至±35%和±50%。结论建议8种常见药(毒)物绝对保留时间的偏差判定范围为±0.1min,相对保留时间的偏差判定范围为±1.0%。质量浓度在LOQ及以上时离子丰度比的绝对偏差判定范围为±25%,相对偏差为±40%,质量浓度在LOQ以下时偏差判定范围可分别扩大至±35%和±50%。
