The rapid development of advanced techniques for selective and efficient U(Ⅵ) extraction from aqueous solutions is essential for addressing U(Ⅵ) environmental pollution and energy issues. Here, we share recent progr...The rapid development of advanced techniques for selective and efficient U(Ⅵ) extraction from aqueous solutions is essential for addressing U(Ⅵ) environmental pollution and energy issues. Here, we share recent progress in U(Ⅵ) extraction from aqueous solutions, especially the most frequently applied techniques such as adsorption, catalysis(photocatalysis, piezocatalysis, and electrocatalysis), chemical deposition, and reduction by zero-valent metal particles. We attempt to elucidate the strategies and various mechanisms that contribute to the enhancement of selective U(Ⅵ) extraction. At the end of our review, we highlight the outlook, challenges, and prospects for the development of this field.展开更多
Our previous studies showed that biomodification of demineralized dentin collagen with proanthocyanidin(PA) for a clinically practical duration improves the mechanical properties of the dentin matrix and the immediate...Our previous studies showed that biomodification of demineralized dentin collagen with proanthocyanidin(PA) for a clinically practical duration improves the mechanical properties of the dentin matrix and the immediate resin–dentin bond strength. The present study sought to evaluate the ability of PA biomodification to reduce collagenase-induced biodegradation of demineralized dentin matrix and dentin/adhesive interfaces in a clinically relevant manner. The effects of collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity on PA-biomodified demineralized dentin matrix were analysed by hydroxyproline assay and gelatin zymography. Then, resin-/dentin-bonded specimens were prepared and challenged with bacterial collagenases. Dentin treated with 2% chlorhexidine and untreated dentin were used as a positive and negative control, respectively. Collagen biodegradation, the microtensile bond strengths of bonded specimens and the micromorphologies of the fractured interfaces were assessed. The results revealed that both collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity on demineralized dentin were notably inhibited in the PA-biomodified groups, irrespective of PA concentration and biomodification duration. When challenged with exogenous collagenases, PA-biomodified bonded specimens exhibited significantly less biodegradation and maintained higher bond strengths than the untreated control. These results suggest that PA biomodification was effective at inhibiting proteolytic activity on demineralized dentin matrix and at stabilizing the adhesive/dentin interface against enzymatic degradation, is a new concept that has the potential to improve bonding durability.展开更多
Red skin is an important quality trait for pear fruits and is determined by the concentration and composition of anthocyanins.The regulatory mechanism underlying anthocyanin accumulation is a popular topic in fruit re...Red skin is an important quality trait for pear fruits and is determined by the concentration and composition of anthocyanins.The regulatory mechanism underlying anthocyanin accumulation is a popular topic in fruit research.Red mutants are ideal materials for studying the molecular mechanism of color diversity in pear.Although several red pear mutants have been cultivated and are in production,no exact locus containing the responsible genetic mutation has been identified.In this study,by combining the bulked segregant analysis with whole-genome sequencing,we identified a 14 nucleotide deletion mutation in the coding region of the PpBBX24 gene from the red pear mutant“Zaosu Red”.We further verified that the deletion was present only in the red mutant of“Zaosu”and in its red offspring,which was different from that which occurred in other red pear fruits.This deletion results in a coding frame shift such that there is an early termination of the PpBBX24 gene and loss of key NLS and VP domains from PpBBX24.The lost domains may reduce or alter the normal function of PpBBX24.In addition,we found that the transcript levels of the PpMYB10 and PpHY5 genes in red samples were significantly higher than those in green samples,whereas the results for the normal-type PpBBX24 gene were the opposite.We ultimately revealed that the 14 nucleotide deletion mutation in the coding region of the PpBBX24 gene is associated with the red skin of the“Zaosu Red”pear.This finding of somatic mutational events will be helpful for breeding new red pear cultivars and for understanding the regulatory mechanisms involved in pear skin pigmentation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFC1900105)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U21A20290, 21876047)
文摘The rapid development of advanced techniques for selective and efficient U(Ⅵ) extraction from aqueous solutions is essential for addressing U(Ⅵ) environmental pollution and energy issues. Here, we share recent progress in U(Ⅵ) extraction from aqueous solutions, especially the most frequently applied techniques such as adsorption, catalysis(photocatalysis, piezocatalysis, and electrocatalysis), chemical deposition, and reduction by zero-valent metal particles. We attempt to elucidate the strategies and various mechanisms that contribute to the enhancement of selective U(Ⅵ) extraction. At the end of our review, we highlight the outlook, challenges, and prospects for the development of this field.
基金supported by research funds from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81130078 and No. 81000458)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (No. IRT13051)
文摘Our previous studies showed that biomodification of demineralized dentin collagen with proanthocyanidin(PA) for a clinically practical duration improves the mechanical properties of the dentin matrix and the immediate resin–dentin bond strength. The present study sought to evaluate the ability of PA biomodification to reduce collagenase-induced biodegradation of demineralized dentin matrix and dentin/adhesive interfaces in a clinically relevant manner. The effects of collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity on PA-biomodified demineralized dentin matrix were analysed by hydroxyproline assay and gelatin zymography. Then, resin-/dentin-bonded specimens were prepared and challenged with bacterial collagenases. Dentin treated with 2% chlorhexidine and untreated dentin were used as a positive and negative control, respectively. Collagen biodegradation, the microtensile bond strengths of bonded specimens and the micromorphologies of the fractured interfaces were assessed. The results revealed that both collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity on demineralized dentin were notably inhibited in the PA-biomodified groups, irrespective of PA concentration and biomodification duration. When challenged with exogenous collagenases, PA-biomodified bonded specimens exhibited significantly less biodegradation and maintained higher bond strengths than the untreated control. These results suggest that PA biomodification was effective at inhibiting proteolytic activity on demineralized dentin matrix and at stabilizing the adhesive/dentin interface against enzymatic degradation, is a new concept that has the potential to improve bonding durability.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000102)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-RIP)programs for funding this work.
文摘Red skin is an important quality trait for pear fruits and is determined by the concentration and composition of anthocyanins.The regulatory mechanism underlying anthocyanin accumulation is a popular topic in fruit research.Red mutants are ideal materials for studying the molecular mechanism of color diversity in pear.Although several red pear mutants have been cultivated and are in production,no exact locus containing the responsible genetic mutation has been identified.In this study,by combining the bulked segregant analysis with whole-genome sequencing,we identified a 14 nucleotide deletion mutation in the coding region of the PpBBX24 gene from the red pear mutant“Zaosu Red”.We further verified that the deletion was present only in the red mutant of“Zaosu”and in its red offspring,which was different from that which occurred in other red pear fruits.This deletion results in a coding frame shift such that there is an early termination of the PpBBX24 gene and loss of key NLS and VP domains from PpBBX24.The lost domains may reduce or alter the normal function of PpBBX24.In addition,we found that the transcript levels of the PpMYB10 and PpHY5 genes in red samples were significantly higher than those in green samples,whereas the results for the normal-type PpBBX24 gene were the opposite.We ultimately revealed that the 14 nucleotide deletion mutation in the coding region of the PpBBX24 gene is associated with the red skin of the“Zaosu Red”pear.This finding of somatic mutational events will be helpful for breeding new red pear cultivars and for understanding the regulatory mechanisms involved in pear skin pigmentation.
