Introduction: Urogenital prolapse is the descent of one or more elements of the abdominal-pelvic contents into the vaginal cavity. The anterior, middle and posterior anatomical compartments may be involved giving rise...Introduction: Urogenital prolapse is the descent of one or more elements of the abdominal-pelvic contents into the vaginal cavity. The anterior, middle and posterior anatomical compartments may be involved giving rise to several types of genital prolapse. However, there are various therapeutic modalities ranging from observational procedures to surgery. In Yaounde, urogenital prolapse appears to be a rare clinical entity, and its treatment has not been clearly stated. There is limited data about this subject in our context. Our aim was to study the clinical and therapeutic aspects of urogenital prolapse in Yaounde. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection at the Yaounde Gynaecological Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH) over a period of 05 months (from February 2022 to June 2022). All women aged ≥30 years and all women with documented urogenital prolapse admitted to the maternity and urology departments of these two health facilities were included. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) software version 23.0 and the data were reported as mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. Results: A total of 50 patients were recruited;the mean age was 45.8 ± 17 years. The age range was from 21 to 72 years. Majority of the patients were aged more than 55 years (32%). Most of the patients attended primary education (48%). Forty percent of the patients were housewives. The majority of the patients were from West Cameroon (26%). The most common reason for consultation was pelvic heaviness (54%). The most prevalent clinical sign was cystocele (56%), followed by hysterocele (54%). According to the Baden Walker classification, one-third of the patients were classified as first degree (36%). More than half (58%) of patients had the condition located at the first stage. Surgery was performed in 68% of cases while 48% received medical treatment. The average length of inpatient stay was 7.9 ± 3.7 days and the average length of transurethral catheterization was 3.02 ± 2.9 days. Most patients had a good short-term outcome, and the main postoperative complications were infection (8.8%) and hemorrhage (5.9%). Conclusion: Urogenital prolapse is a rare condition in our population. Diagnosis is essentially clinical. Cystocele and hysterocele are the predominant clinical forms. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Outcomes are satisfactory.展开更多
Background: The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) relies on clinical assessment with digital rectal examination, serum PSA and histological examination. Limitations in our technical facilities, high financial cost of...Background: The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) relies on clinical assessment with digital rectal examination, serum PSA and histological examination. Limitations in our technical facilities, high financial cost of ultrasound-guided biopsy often prevent us from implementing the guidelines on the practice of prostate biopsy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective and cross-sectional descriptive study comparing digital-guided and ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsy of 400 patients over a period of 12 years in the Yaounde Central Hospital. We reviewed files of patients who underwent digital and ultrasound guided biopsy procedures. Data was analyzed using EPI info 7.0. Parametric variables were reported as means and standard deviations and percentages and counts were used to report categorical variables. Results: Out of the 400 patients, 292 digital-guided transrectal biopsies (73%) and 108 ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsies (27%) were performed in patients who were suspected of having prostate cancer (PCa). Patients were aged between 39 to 90 years. Both procedures were effective in identifying prostate cancer. Gleason score between 2 to 10 detected prostate adenocarcinoma for 301 patients (75.2%). The complications included anal pain, rectal bleeding, hematuria and urinary tract infections, with an occurrence rate similar for both ultrasound-guided (2.25%) and digitally-guided techniques (2.5%). Seven patients (1.75%) required hospitalization for management of complications. The mortality rate was null. Conclusion: Both techniques are effective in detecting PCa with the similar complication rates. Digital-guided trans-rectal prostate biopsy still has its place in a resource-limited setting like ours.展开更多
Introduction: Surgical management of adrenal tumors has greatly improved over the past years, with laparoscopic adrenalectomy being the gold standard. However, Open adrenalectomy is indicated in large adrenal tumors, ...Introduction: Surgical management of adrenal tumors has greatly improved over the past years, with laparoscopic adrenalectomy being the gold standard. However, Open adrenalectomy is indicated in large adrenal tumors, malignant tumors and large phaeochromocytomas. We report surgical outcomes of 18 cases of functional adrenal tumors from 2007 to 2022. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional and descriptive study in three tertiary hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon. We reviewed files of patients who underwent adrenalectomy over a period of 15 years from July 2007 to July 2022. Clinical and diagnostic components of adrenal tumors, indications and surgical outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 18 patients were included in our study. The average age of patients was 38.33 years, with a female-to-male sex ratio of 2:1. Weight gain (72.2%) was the most represented clinical sign. The secretory nature of tumor and malignancy represented 55.5% and 33.3% of the operative indications and all 18 (100%) of the patients had open adrenalectomy. Vascular injury was the most common intraoperative complication with 5.63%, while acute adrenal insufficiency (16.7%) was the most common post-operative complication. The average tumor size was 6.22 cm and the mean duration of hospitalization was 11.61 days. Adenoma 7 (38.9%) and adrenocortical carcinoma 5 (27.8%) were the frequent histological types. One patient died two months post-surgery from anemia-related complications. Conclusion: The success of adrenal surgery is linked to multidisciplinary patient care and the experience of the surgeon. Conventional surgery still has indications with satisfactory short- and medium-term results in our context.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Urogenital prolapse is the descent of one or more elements of the abdominal-pelvic contents into the vaginal cavity. The anterior, middle and posterior anatomical compartments may be involved giving rise to several types of genital prolapse. However, there are various therapeutic modalities ranging from observational procedures to surgery. In Yaounde, urogenital prolapse appears to be a rare clinical entity, and its treatment has not been clearly stated. There is limited data about this subject in our context. Our aim was to study the clinical and therapeutic aspects of urogenital prolapse in Yaounde. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection at the Yaounde Gynaecological Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH) over a period of 05 months (from February 2022 to June 2022). All women aged ≥30 years and all women with documented urogenital prolapse admitted to the maternity and urology departments of these two health facilities were included. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) software version 23.0 and the data were reported as mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. Results: A total of 50 patients were recruited;the mean age was 45.8 ± 17 years. The age range was from 21 to 72 years. Majority of the patients were aged more than 55 years (32%). Most of the patients attended primary education (48%). Forty percent of the patients were housewives. The majority of the patients were from West Cameroon (26%). The most common reason for consultation was pelvic heaviness (54%). The most prevalent clinical sign was cystocele (56%), followed by hysterocele (54%). According to the Baden Walker classification, one-third of the patients were classified as first degree (36%). More than half (58%) of patients had the condition located at the first stage. Surgery was performed in 68% of cases while 48% received medical treatment. The average length of inpatient stay was 7.9 ± 3.7 days and the average length of transurethral catheterization was 3.02 ± 2.9 days. Most patients had a good short-term outcome, and the main postoperative complications were infection (8.8%) and hemorrhage (5.9%). Conclusion: Urogenital prolapse is a rare condition in our population. Diagnosis is essentially clinical. Cystocele and hysterocele are the predominant clinical forms. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Outcomes are satisfactory.
文摘Background: The diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) relies on clinical assessment with digital rectal examination, serum PSA and histological examination. Limitations in our technical facilities, high financial cost of ultrasound-guided biopsy often prevent us from implementing the guidelines on the practice of prostate biopsy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective and cross-sectional descriptive study comparing digital-guided and ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsy of 400 patients over a period of 12 years in the Yaounde Central Hospital. We reviewed files of patients who underwent digital and ultrasound guided biopsy procedures. Data was analyzed using EPI info 7.0. Parametric variables were reported as means and standard deviations and percentages and counts were used to report categorical variables. Results: Out of the 400 patients, 292 digital-guided transrectal biopsies (73%) and 108 ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsies (27%) were performed in patients who were suspected of having prostate cancer (PCa). Patients were aged between 39 to 90 years. Both procedures were effective in identifying prostate cancer. Gleason score between 2 to 10 detected prostate adenocarcinoma for 301 patients (75.2%). The complications included anal pain, rectal bleeding, hematuria and urinary tract infections, with an occurrence rate similar for both ultrasound-guided (2.25%) and digitally-guided techniques (2.5%). Seven patients (1.75%) required hospitalization for management of complications. The mortality rate was null. Conclusion: Both techniques are effective in detecting PCa with the similar complication rates. Digital-guided trans-rectal prostate biopsy still has its place in a resource-limited setting like ours.
文摘Introduction: Surgical management of adrenal tumors has greatly improved over the past years, with laparoscopic adrenalectomy being the gold standard. However, Open adrenalectomy is indicated in large adrenal tumors, malignant tumors and large phaeochromocytomas. We report surgical outcomes of 18 cases of functional adrenal tumors from 2007 to 2022. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional and descriptive study in three tertiary hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon. We reviewed files of patients who underwent adrenalectomy over a period of 15 years from July 2007 to July 2022. Clinical and diagnostic components of adrenal tumors, indications and surgical outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 18 patients were included in our study. The average age of patients was 38.33 years, with a female-to-male sex ratio of 2:1. Weight gain (72.2%) was the most represented clinical sign. The secretory nature of tumor and malignancy represented 55.5% and 33.3% of the operative indications and all 18 (100%) of the patients had open adrenalectomy. Vascular injury was the most common intraoperative complication with 5.63%, while acute adrenal insufficiency (16.7%) was the most common post-operative complication. The average tumor size was 6.22 cm and the mean duration of hospitalization was 11.61 days. Adenoma 7 (38.9%) and adrenocortical carcinoma 5 (27.8%) were the frequent histological types. One patient died two months post-surgery from anemia-related complications. Conclusion: The success of adrenal surgery is linked to multidisciplinary patient care and the experience of the surgeon. Conventional surgery still has indications with satisfactory short- and medium-term results in our context.
