Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether street basketball organized as 3 v 3 on either a half court(HC) with 1 basket or a full court(FC) with 2 baskets could improve fitness and health profil...Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether street basketball organized as 3 v 3 on either a half court(HC) with 1 basket or a full court(FC) with 2 baskets could improve fitness and health profiles of untrained men after 3 months of supervised training.Methods: Thirty-five untrained men(aged 20—42 years) completed the pre-and post-intervention testing(FC: n = 13, HC: n = 12, CO(control):n = 10). The training attendance was 2.0 ± 0.4 and 1.9 ± 0.3 times per week in FC and HC, respectively. Mean heart rate(HR) was 83.8 ± 6.0 percent of maximal heart rate(%HR_(max)) and 84.5 ± 2.9 %HR_(max) in FC and HC, respectively.Results: The 3 months of street basketball training on an FC with 2 baskets increased maximal oxygen uptake(2.4 mL/min/kg(95% confidence interval(CI): 1.0—3.9)), time to exhaustion(47 s(95%CI: 26—67)), lean body mass(0.8 kg(95%CI: 0.1—1.5)), and bone mineral density(0.021 g/cm^2(95%CI: 0.011—0.031)), whereas mean arterial pressure(—5.6 mm Hg(95%CI: —7.5 to 3.7)), body fat percentage(—1.6%,(95%CI: —2.5 to —0.7)), heart rate(—18 bpm(95%CI: —24 to —12)), and blood lactate(median: —1.4 mmol/L(interquartile range: —1.5 to —0.6)) during submaximal running were lowered. The changes were less pronounced after the training period when playing on an HC with 1 basket, but increases in maximal oxygen uptake(1.6 mL/min/kg(95%CI: —0.1 to 3.3)), time to exhaustion(28 s(95%CI: 9—47)), lean body mass(1.3 kg(95%CI: 0.3—2.4)), and lower body fat percentage(—0.9%(95%CI: —1.9 to —0.1)) were observed in this group.Conclusion: Three months of 3 v 3 street basketball training improved fitness and led to broad-spectrum improvements in variables related to overall health profile, with the most marked effects observed when playing on an FC with 2 baskets.展开更多
Purpose: The purpose of the present controlled cross-sectional study was to investigate proximal femur and whole-body bone mineral density(BMD), as well as bone turnover profile, in lifelong trained elderly male footb...Purpose: The purpose of the present controlled cross-sectional study was to investigate proximal femur and whole-body bone mineral density(BMD), as well as bone turnover profile, in lifelong trained elderly male football players and young elite football players compared with untrained age-matched men.Methods: One hundred and forty healthy, non-smoking men participated in the study, including lifelong trained football players(FTE, n = 35)aged 65—80 years, elite football players(FTY, n = 35) aged 18—30 years, as well as untrained age-matched elderly(UE, n = 35) and young(UY,n = 35) men. All participants underwent a regional dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA) scan of the proximal femur and a whole-body DXA scan to determine BMD. From a resting blood sample, the bone turnover markers(BTMs) osteocalcin, carboxy-terminal type-1 collagen crosslinks(CTX-1), procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide(P1NP), and sclerostin were measured.Results: FTE had 7.3%—12.9% higher(p < 0.05) BMD of the femoral neck, wards, shaft, and total proximal femur in both legs compared to UE,and 9.3%—9.7% higher(p < 0.05) BMD in femoral trochanter in both legs compared to UY. FTY had 24.3%—37.4% higher(p < 0.001) BMD in all femoral regions and total proximal femur in both legs compared to UY. The whole-body DXA scan confirmed these results, with FTE showing similar whole-body BMD and 7.9% higher(p < 0.05) leg BMD compared to UY, and with FTY having 9.6% higher(p < 0.001) wholebody BMD and 18.2% higher(p < 0.001) leg BMD compared to UY. The plasma concentration of osteocalcin, CTX-1, and P1NP were 29%,53%, and 52% higher(p < 0.01), respectively, in FTY compared to UY.Conclusion: BMD of the proximal femur and whole-body BMD are markedly higher in lifelong trained male football players aged 65—80 years and young elite football players aged 18—30 years compared to age-matched untrained men. Elderly football players even show higher BMD in femoral trochanter and leg BMD than untrained young despite an age difference of 47 years.展开更多
文摘Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether street basketball organized as 3 v 3 on either a half court(HC) with 1 basket or a full court(FC) with 2 baskets could improve fitness and health profiles of untrained men after 3 months of supervised training.Methods: Thirty-five untrained men(aged 20—42 years) completed the pre-and post-intervention testing(FC: n = 13, HC: n = 12, CO(control):n = 10). The training attendance was 2.0 ± 0.4 and 1.9 ± 0.3 times per week in FC and HC, respectively. Mean heart rate(HR) was 83.8 ± 6.0 percent of maximal heart rate(%HR_(max)) and 84.5 ± 2.9 %HR_(max) in FC and HC, respectively.Results: The 3 months of street basketball training on an FC with 2 baskets increased maximal oxygen uptake(2.4 mL/min/kg(95% confidence interval(CI): 1.0—3.9)), time to exhaustion(47 s(95%CI: 26—67)), lean body mass(0.8 kg(95%CI: 0.1—1.5)), and bone mineral density(0.021 g/cm^2(95%CI: 0.011—0.031)), whereas mean arterial pressure(—5.6 mm Hg(95%CI: —7.5 to 3.7)), body fat percentage(—1.6%,(95%CI: —2.5 to —0.7)), heart rate(—18 bpm(95%CI: —24 to —12)), and blood lactate(median: —1.4 mmol/L(interquartile range: —1.5 to —0.6)) during submaximal running were lowered. The changes were less pronounced after the training period when playing on an HC with 1 basket, but increases in maximal oxygen uptake(1.6 mL/min/kg(95%CI: —0.1 to 3.3)), time to exhaustion(28 s(95%CI: 9—47)), lean body mass(1.3 kg(95%CI: 0.3—2.4)), and lower body fat percentage(—0.9%(95%CI: —1.9 to —0.1)) were observed in this group.Conclusion: Three months of 3 v 3 street basketball training improved fitness and led to broad-spectrum improvements in variables related to overall health profile, with the most marked effects observed when playing on an FC with 2 baskets.
文摘Purpose: The purpose of the present controlled cross-sectional study was to investigate proximal femur and whole-body bone mineral density(BMD), as well as bone turnover profile, in lifelong trained elderly male football players and young elite football players compared with untrained age-matched men.Methods: One hundred and forty healthy, non-smoking men participated in the study, including lifelong trained football players(FTE, n = 35)aged 65—80 years, elite football players(FTY, n = 35) aged 18—30 years, as well as untrained age-matched elderly(UE, n = 35) and young(UY,n = 35) men. All participants underwent a regional dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA) scan of the proximal femur and a whole-body DXA scan to determine BMD. From a resting blood sample, the bone turnover markers(BTMs) osteocalcin, carboxy-terminal type-1 collagen crosslinks(CTX-1), procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide(P1NP), and sclerostin were measured.Results: FTE had 7.3%—12.9% higher(p < 0.05) BMD of the femoral neck, wards, shaft, and total proximal femur in both legs compared to UE,and 9.3%—9.7% higher(p < 0.05) BMD in femoral trochanter in both legs compared to UY. FTY had 24.3%—37.4% higher(p < 0.001) BMD in all femoral regions and total proximal femur in both legs compared to UY. The whole-body DXA scan confirmed these results, with FTE showing similar whole-body BMD and 7.9% higher(p < 0.05) leg BMD compared to UY, and with FTY having 9.6% higher(p < 0.001) wholebody BMD and 18.2% higher(p < 0.001) leg BMD compared to UY. The plasma concentration of osteocalcin, CTX-1, and P1NP were 29%,53%, and 52% higher(p < 0.01), respectively, in FTY compared to UY.Conclusion: BMD of the proximal femur and whole-body BMD are markedly higher in lifelong trained male football players aged 65—80 years and young elite football players aged 18—30 years compared to age-matched untrained men. Elderly football players even show higher BMD in femoral trochanter and leg BMD than untrained young despite an age difference of 47 years.
