Dear Editor,We present a case of combined application of CIRCLE software(Carl Zeiss Meditec AG,Germany)and topography-guided laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(Topo-LASIK)for small-incision lenticule extraction(SMI...Dear Editor,We present a case of combined application of CIRCLE software(Carl Zeiss Meditec AG,Germany)and topography-guided laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(Topo-LASIK)for small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)enhancement.SMILE is a safe,minimally invasive corneal laser surgery using a femtosecond laser to create an extractable stromal lenticule.展开更多
Background:Oxidative stress is one of the key elements in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and Yiqi Tongluo capsule(YTC)have a variety of physiological activities which include antioxidant.T...Background:Oxidative stress is one of the key elements in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and Yiqi Tongluo capsule(YTC)have a variety of physiological activities which include antioxidant.The purpose of this investigation was to discover the potential mechanisms of YTC ameliorates NAFLD.Methods:In this investigation,a high-fat diet(HFD)was adopted to establish a NAFLD mouse model.Liver samples were stained for oil red O and hematoxylin and eosin staining.The levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),malondialdehyde(MDA),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the tissues were also detected.Network pharmacology was analyzed to filter out the key ingredients and targets of effect of YTC for the therapy of NAFLD.Subsequently,free fatty acids(FFA)was applied to induce Aml12 cells for in vitro experiments,and the cell samples were stained with oil red O and assayed for TC,TG,MDA,and SOD contents.At last,the Western blot technique was used to illuminate the pathway by which YTC plays a protective role against NAFLD.Results:Histopathological results demonstrated that YTC ameliorated tissue damage in the HFD-induced mouse model.At the same time,it also reduced the contents of TC,TG,MDA and increased the expression of SOD in the liver tissue of NAFLD mouse model.All of these findings demonstrate that YTC can play a role in the treatment of NAFLD by ameliorating oxidative stress.Network analysis of YTC ameliorates NAFLD mainly by modulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Follow-up in vitro experiments revealed that FFA caused lipid accumulation in Aml12 cells,which was dramatically reduced by YTC.Meanwhile,YTC could remarkably reduce the FFA-induced elevation of TC,TG,and MDA contents,and reverse the FFA-induced reduction of SOD contents.Western blot was verified for the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.It was found that FFA could remarkably decrease the expression of p-PI3K,p-Akt,and p-GSK-3βproteins,which could be significantly increased after YTC treatment.Conclusions:The combination of network analysis prediction and experimental verification was used to identify the therapeutic effect of YTC on NAFLD.The protective effect was achieved by YTC through upregulation of PI3K-Akt-GSK-3βpathway.展开更多
Background:Hai Honghua medicinal liquor(HHML)formula has been used in clinical practice for a long time,mainly for the treatment of freshly closed fractures,to promote osteogenesis,to increase bone mass,and thus to pr...Background:Hai Honghua medicinal liquor(HHML)formula has been used in clinical practice for a long time,mainly for the treatment of freshly closed fractures,to promote osteogenesis,to increase bone mass,and thus to promote fracture healing.However,the underlying mechanisms of HHML in the treatment of osteoporosis(OP)are still unclear.Methods:Firstly,Traditional Chinese Medicines Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine were used to screen the targets of the active compounds of HHML.At the same time,OP targets were identified through GeneCards,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,DisGeNET,Therapeutic Target Database,Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and Human Phenotype Ontology databases.Next,protein-protein interaction and pathway networks were constructed for compound-disease common targets,and core targets and compounds were screened for molecular docking.Furthermore,rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted as model cells,and the osteogenic effects of HHML were verified via in vitro experiments.Results:Total of 343 common targets of HHML-OP and the top 10 target proteins in the protein-protein interaction network are TP53,AKT1,STAT3,HSP90AA1,ESR1,TNF,IL6,MAPK1,MAPK3 and MAPK8.Enrichment analysis yielded that the key molecular pathway was the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Molecular docking analysis showed that baicalein,erysodienone and naringenin docked with the target proteins AKT1,STAT3 and TP53,respectively,with low binding energy and high affinity.In addition,In vitro experiments demonstrated that HHML promoted the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;compared with the control group,HHML-treated cells showed enhanced alkaline phosphatase staining,promoted the expression of OCN,RUNX2,BSP,and COL1 mRNAs as well as the expression of PI3K and AKT phosphorylated proteins.Secondly,the expression of target proteins revealed that HHML promoted the phosphorylation of STAT3 protein and inhibited the expression of P53.Conclusions:Our study investigated that HHML treatment with OP promotes bone formation possibly through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and may involve STAT3 and TP53 target interactions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209)is the most commonly used brominated flame retardant.Recently,BDE-209 has been suspected of being an environmental risk factor for metabolic diseases such as obesity,insulin ...BACKGROUND Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209)is the most commonly used brominated flame retardant.Recently,BDE-209 has been suspected of being an environmental risk factor for metabolic diseases such as obesity,insulin resistance(IR),type 2 diabetes mellitus,and hypertension.AIM To investigate the effects of BDE-209 on IR and glucose and lipid metabolism in C57BL/6 mice.METHODS Adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into high,medium-high,medium,medium-low,and low dose BDE-209 groups,and a control group(n=6 per group),which received 1000,800,600,450,300,and 0 mg/kg BDE-209,respectively.After BDE-209 exposure for 60 d,the mice were fasted overnight,and then sacrificed to obtain tissues.An automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C);enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kits were used to detect fasting serum insulin(FINS),leptin(LEP),and adiponectin(Adp)levels;a blood glucose meter was used to detect fasting blood glucose(FBG).Morphological changes of the liver were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to determine the messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)and protein levels,respectively,of LEP,Adp,and peroxisome proliferators activated receptor-γ(PPARγ)in mouse liver and adipose tissues.RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in the weight of mice in each group after 45 and 60 d of exposure(P<0.05).After 60 d of exposure,the weight of liver and adipose tissues in the exposure groups were greater than that of the control group(P<0.05).The liver tissue structure was disordered and the liver tissues were accompanied by local inflammatory cell infiltration in the high,mediumhigh,and medium dose BDE-209 groups.The levels of FINS,insulin sensitivity index,Adp,and HDL-C were decreased in the BDE-209 group compared with the control group,as were the mRNA and protein levels of Adp in liver and adipose tissues(P<0.05).Serum level of FBG and LEP were higher in the BDE-209 group than in controls.TC,TG,and LDL-C levels as well as the mRNA and protein expression of LEP and PPARγin liver and adipose tissues were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Homeostatic assessment model of IR was higher in the medium and medium-low dose BDE-209 groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION BDE-209 increases the body weight,fat and liver tissue weight,TC,TG,and LDLC,reduces HDL-C,and causes IR in mice,which may be related to activating the PPARγreceptor.展开更多
AIM:To select the optimal edge detection methods to identify the corneal surface,and compare three fitting curve equations with Matlab software. METHODS:Fifteen subjects were recruited. The corneal images from optical...AIM:To select the optimal edge detection methods to identify the corneal surface,and compare three fitting curve equations with Matlab software. METHODS:Fifteen subjects were recruited. The corneal images from optical coherence tomography(OCT)were imported into Matlab software. Five edge detection methods(Canny,Log,Prewitt,Roberts,Sobel)were used to identify the corneal surface. Then two manual identifying methods(ginput and getpts)were applied to identify the edge coordinates respectively. The differences among these methods were compared. Binomial curve(y=Ax^2+Bx+C),Polynomial curve [p(x)=p1x^n+p2x^(n-1)+....+pnx+pn+1] and Conic section(Ax^2+Bxy+Cy^2+Dx+Ey+F=0)were used for curve fitting the corneal surface respectively. The relative merits among three fitting curves were analyzed. Finally,the eccentricity(e)obtained by corneal topography and conic section were compared with paired t-test. RESULTS:Five edge detection algorithms all had continuous coordinates which indicated the edge of the corneal surface. The ordinates of manual identifying were close to the inside of the actual edges. Binomial curve was greatly affected by tilt angle. Polynomial curve was lack of geometrical properties and unstable. Conic section could calculate the tilted symmetry axis,eccentricity,circle center,etc. There were no significant differences between ‘e' values by corneal topography and conic section(t=0.9143,P=0.3760 >0.05).CONCLUSION:It is feasible to simulate the corneal surface with mathematical curve with Matlab software. Edge detection has better repeatability and higher efficiency. The manual identifying approach is an indispensable complement for detection. Polynomial and conic section are both the alternative methods for corneal curve fitting. Conic curve was the optimal choice based on the specific geometrical properties.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present the reported case of the aqueous humour flow observed in vivo after implantable collamer lens(ICL)with a central hole implantation surgery.ICL,a phakic intraocular lens which is located in the p...Dear Editor,We present the reported case of the aqueous humour flow observed in vivo after implantable collamer lens(ICL)with a central hole implantation surgery.ICL,a phakic intraocular lens which is located in the posterior chamber,is an effective treatment to correct moderate-tohigh myopia^([1-2]).展开更多
基金Supported by the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.21QA1401500)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(No.23ZR1409200).
文摘Dear Editor,We present a case of combined application of CIRCLE software(Carl Zeiss Meditec AG,Germany)and topography-guided laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(Topo-LASIK)for small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)enhancement.SMILE is a safe,minimally invasive corneal laser surgery using a femtosecond laser to create an extractable stromal lenticule.
基金This work was supported by Science and Technology Program of Guangyuan city(grant number:23ZDYF0018)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(grant number:2020YFS0523)。
文摘Background:Oxidative stress is one of the key elements in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and Yiqi Tongluo capsule(YTC)have a variety of physiological activities which include antioxidant.The purpose of this investigation was to discover the potential mechanisms of YTC ameliorates NAFLD.Methods:In this investigation,a high-fat diet(HFD)was adopted to establish a NAFLD mouse model.Liver samples were stained for oil red O and hematoxylin and eosin staining.The levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),malondialdehyde(MDA),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the tissues were also detected.Network pharmacology was analyzed to filter out the key ingredients and targets of effect of YTC for the therapy of NAFLD.Subsequently,free fatty acids(FFA)was applied to induce Aml12 cells for in vitro experiments,and the cell samples were stained with oil red O and assayed for TC,TG,MDA,and SOD contents.At last,the Western blot technique was used to illuminate the pathway by which YTC plays a protective role against NAFLD.Results:Histopathological results demonstrated that YTC ameliorated tissue damage in the HFD-induced mouse model.At the same time,it also reduced the contents of TC,TG,MDA and increased the expression of SOD in the liver tissue of NAFLD mouse model.All of these findings demonstrate that YTC can play a role in the treatment of NAFLD by ameliorating oxidative stress.Network analysis of YTC ameliorates NAFLD mainly by modulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Follow-up in vitro experiments revealed that FFA caused lipid accumulation in Aml12 cells,which was dramatically reduced by YTC.Meanwhile,YTC could remarkably reduce the FFA-induced elevation of TC,TG,and MDA contents,and reverse the FFA-induced reduction of SOD contents.Western blot was verified for the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.It was found that FFA could remarkably decrease the expression of p-PI3K,p-Akt,and p-GSK-3βproteins,which could be significantly increased after YTC treatment.Conclusions:The combination of network analysis prediction and experimental verification was used to identify the therapeutic effect of YTC on NAFLD.The protective effect was achieved by YTC through upregulation of PI3K-Akt-GSK-3βpathway.
基金supported by the Project of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Province of China (No.2021MS407).
文摘Background:Hai Honghua medicinal liquor(HHML)formula has been used in clinical practice for a long time,mainly for the treatment of freshly closed fractures,to promote osteogenesis,to increase bone mass,and thus to promote fracture healing.However,the underlying mechanisms of HHML in the treatment of osteoporosis(OP)are still unclear.Methods:Firstly,Traditional Chinese Medicines Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine were used to screen the targets of the active compounds of HHML.At the same time,OP targets were identified through GeneCards,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,DisGeNET,Therapeutic Target Database,Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and Human Phenotype Ontology databases.Next,protein-protein interaction and pathway networks were constructed for compound-disease common targets,and core targets and compounds were screened for molecular docking.Furthermore,rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted as model cells,and the osteogenic effects of HHML were verified via in vitro experiments.Results:Total of 343 common targets of HHML-OP and the top 10 target proteins in the protein-protein interaction network are TP53,AKT1,STAT3,HSP90AA1,ESR1,TNF,IL6,MAPK1,MAPK3 and MAPK8.Enrichment analysis yielded that the key molecular pathway was the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Molecular docking analysis showed that baicalein,erysodienone and naringenin docked with the target proteins AKT1,STAT3 and TP53,respectively,with low binding energy and high affinity.In addition,In vitro experiments demonstrated that HHML promoted the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;compared with the control group,HHML-treated cells showed enhanced alkaline phosphatase staining,promoted the expression of OCN,RUNX2,BSP,and COL1 mRNAs as well as the expression of PI3K and AKT phosphorylated proteins.Secondly,the expression of target proteins revealed that HHML promoted the phosphorylation of STAT3 protein and inhibited the expression of P53.Conclusions:Our study investigated that HHML treatment with OP promotes bone formation possibly through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and may involve STAT3 and TP53 target interactions.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81760596Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,No.2019D01C209.
文摘BACKGROUND Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209)is the most commonly used brominated flame retardant.Recently,BDE-209 has been suspected of being an environmental risk factor for metabolic diseases such as obesity,insulin resistance(IR),type 2 diabetes mellitus,and hypertension.AIM To investigate the effects of BDE-209 on IR and glucose and lipid metabolism in C57BL/6 mice.METHODS Adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into high,medium-high,medium,medium-low,and low dose BDE-209 groups,and a control group(n=6 per group),which received 1000,800,600,450,300,and 0 mg/kg BDE-209,respectively.After BDE-209 exposure for 60 d,the mice were fasted overnight,and then sacrificed to obtain tissues.An automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C);enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kits were used to detect fasting serum insulin(FINS),leptin(LEP),and adiponectin(Adp)levels;a blood glucose meter was used to detect fasting blood glucose(FBG).Morphological changes of the liver were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to determine the messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA)and protein levels,respectively,of LEP,Adp,and peroxisome proliferators activated receptor-γ(PPARγ)in mouse liver and adipose tissues.RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in the weight of mice in each group after 45 and 60 d of exposure(P<0.05).After 60 d of exposure,the weight of liver and adipose tissues in the exposure groups were greater than that of the control group(P<0.05).The liver tissue structure was disordered and the liver tissues were accompanied by local inflammatory cell infiltration in the high,mediumhigh,and medium dose BDE-209 groups.The levels of FINS,insulin sensitivity index,Adp,and HDL-C were decreased in the BDE-209 group compared with the control group,as were the mRNA and protein levels of Adp in liver and adipose tissues(P<0.05).Serum level of FBG and LEP were higher in the BDE-209 group than in controls.TC,TG,and LDL-C levels as well as the mRNA and protein expression of LEP and PPARγin liver and adipose tissues were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Homeostatic assessment model of IR was higher in the medium and medium-low dose BDE-209 groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION BDE-209 increases the body weight,fat and liver tissue weight,TC,TG,and LDLC,reduces HDL-C,and causes IR in mice,which may be related to activating the PPARγreceptor.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81400428)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.134119b1600)
文摘AIM:To select the optimal edge detection methods to identify the corneal surface,and compare three fitting curve equations with Matlab software. METHODS:Fifteen subjects were recruited. The corneal images from optical coherence tomography(OCT)were imported into Matlab software. Five edge detection methods(Canny,Log,Prewitt,Roberts,Sobel)were used to identify the corneal surface. Then two manual identifying methods(ginput and getpts)were applied to identify the edge coordinates respectively. The differences among these methods were compared. Binomial curve(y=Ax^2+Bx+C),Polynomial curve [p(x)=p1x^n+p2x^(n-1)+....+pnx+pn+1] and Conic section(Ax^2+Bxy+Cy^2+Dx+Ey+F=0)were used for curve fitting the corneal surface respectively. The relative merits among three fitting curves were analyzed. Finally,the eccentricity(e)obtained by corneal topography and conic section were compared with paired t-test. RESULTS:Five edge detection algorithms all had continuous coordinates which indicated the edge of the corneal surface. The ordinates of manual identifying were close to the inside of the actual edges. Binomial curve was greatly affected by tilt angle. Polynomial curve was lack of geometrical properties and unstable. Conic section could calculate the tilted symmetry axis,eccentricity,circle center,etc. There were no significant differences between ‘e' values by corneal topography and conic section(t=0.9143,P=0.3760 >0.05).CONCLUSION:It is feasible to simulate the corneal surface with mathematical curve with Matlab software. Edge detection has better repeatability and higher efficiency. The manual identifying approach is an indispensable complement for detection. Polynomial and conic section are both the alternative methods for corneal curve fitting. Conic curve was the optimal choice based on the specific geometrical properties.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81500753,No.81570879)Project of Shanghai Science and Technology(No.17140902900,No.17411950200)。
文摘Dear Editor,We present the reported case of the aqueous humour flow observed in vivo after implantable collamer lens(ICL)with a central hole implantation surgery.ICL,a phakic intraocular lens which is located in the posterior chamber,is an effective treatment to correct moderate-tohigh myopia^([1-2]).
