Background:Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)is a chronic biliary autoimmune liver disease characterized by intrahepatic cholestasis.Swertia mussotii Franch.(SMF)is a Tibetan medicine with hepatoprotective and anti-infl...Background:Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)is a chronic biliary autoimmune liver disease characterized by intrahepatic cholestasis.Swertia mussotii Franch.(SMF)is a Tibetan medicine with hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities.In this study,the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of SMF on PBC were investigated by bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experimental validation,with the aim of promoting the progress of SMF and PBC research.Methods:We first explored the therapeutic effects and key targets of SMF on PBC using a network pharmacology approach,further screened the core targets using the GSE79850 dataset,and finally validated the results using molecular docking techniques and in vitro experiments.Results:By bioinformatics analysis,we identified core targets of SMF for PBC treatment(STAT3,JAK2,TNF-α,and IL-1β)and important signaling pathways:JAK-STAT,TNF,and PI3K-AKT.The molecular docking results showed that the significant components of SMF had good binding properties to the core targets.In vitro experiments showed that SMF extracts improved the extent of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells and had a significant reversal effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transition process markers and potential targets in PBC.Conclusion:SMF may exert its therapeutic effects on PBC by acting on important targets such as STAT3,JAK2,TNF-α,IL-1β,Vimentin,and E-cadherin and the pathways in which they are involved.展开更多
There is growing evidence that long-term central nervous system(CNS)inflammation exacerbates secondary deterioration of brain structures and functions and is one of the major determinants of disease outcome and progre...There is growing evidence that long-term central nervous system(CNS)inflammation exacerbates secondary deterioration of brain structures and functions and is one of the major determinants of disease outcome and progression.In acute CNS injury,brain microglia are among the first cells to respond and play a critical role in neural repair and regeneration.However,microglial activation can also impede CNS repair and amplify tissue damage,and phenotypic transformation may be responsible for this dual role.Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-derived exosomes(Exos)are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of acute CNS injuries due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties.MSC-Exos are nanoscale membrane vesicles that are actively released by cells and are used clinically as circulating biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis.MSC-Exos can be neuroprotective in several acute CNS models,including for stroke and traumatic brain injury,showing great clinical potential.This review summarized the classification of acute CNS injury disorders and discussed the prominent role of microglial activation in acute CNS inflammation and the specific role of MSC-Exos in regulating pro-inflammatory microglia in neuroinflammatory repair following acute CNS injury.Finally,this review explored the potential mechanisms and factors associated with MSCExos in modulating the phenotypic balance of microglia,focusing on the interplay between CNS inflammation,the brain,and injury aspects,with an emphasis on potential strategies and therapeutic interventions for improving functional recovery from early CNS inflammation caused by acute CNS injury.展开更多
Recent studies have shown that radiofrequency(RF) ablation therapy is a safe, feasible, and effective procedure for hepatic hemangiomas, even huge hepatic hemangiomas. RF ablation has the following advantages in the t...Recent studies have shown that radiofrequency(RF) ablation therapy is a safe, feasible, and effective procedure for hepatic hemangiomas, even huge hepatic hemangiomas. RF ablation has the following advantages in the treatment of hepatic hemangiomas: minimal invasiveness, definite efficacy, high safety, fast recovery, relatively simple operation, and wide applicability. It is necessary to formulate a widely accepted consensus among the experts in China who have extensive expertise and experience in the treatment of hepatic hemangiomas using RF ablation, which is important to standardize the application of RF ablation for the management of hepatic hemangiomas, regarding the selection of patients with suitable indications to receive RF ablation treatment, the technical details of the techniques, therapeutic effect evaluations, management of complications, etc. A final consensus by a Chinese panel of experts who have the expertise of using RF ablation to treat hepatic hemangiomas was reached by means of literature review, comprehensive discussion, and draft approval.展开更多
Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exer...Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exertional heat stroke(EHS).Methods: Data were collected from a total of 170 exertional heat stroke(EHS) patients between 2005 and 2016 from 52 hospitals in China. Univariate statistical methods and comparison of the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve(AUC) were used to screen exertional heat stroke score(EHSS) parameters, including but not limited body temperature(T), Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) and others. By comparing the sizes of the AUCs of the APACHE II, SOFA and EHSS assessments, the effectiveness of EHSS in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients was verified.Results: Through screening with a series of methods, as described above, the present study determined 12 parameters – body temperature(T), GCS, p H, lactate(Lac), platelet count(PLT), prothrombin time(PT), fibrinogen(Fib), troponin I(Tn I), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin(TBIL), creatinine(Cr) and acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI) classification – as EHSS parameters. It is a 0–47 point system designed to reflect increasing severity of heat stroke. Low(EHSS<20) and high scores(EHSS>35) showed 100% survival and 100% mortality, respectively. We found that AUCEHSS>AUCSOFA>AUCAPACHE II.Conclusions: A total of 12 parameters – T, GCS, p H, Lac, PLT, PT, Fib, Tn I, AST, TBIL, Cr and gastrointestinal AGI classification – are the EHSS parameters with the best effectiveness in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients. As EHSS score increases, the mortality rate of EHS patients gradually increases.展开更多
Interventional radiology has been beneficial for patients for over 30 years of age with the combination of diagnostic and therapeutic methods. The radiation affecting occupationally exposed workers should be evaluated...Interventional radiology has been beneficial for patients for over 30 years of age with the combination of diagnostic and therapeutic methods. The radiation affecting occupationally exposed workers should be evaluated by means of the energy spectra and flux of X-rays in the treatment room. The present study aims to obtain the energy spectra of interventional procedures and study the capability of some detectors to evaluate the dose in interventional procedures. These measurements were taken by silicon-drift, CdTe, and CdZnTe detectors. The energy spectra were corrected by the energy-response curve of each detector. The energy-response curves of silicon-drift and CdTe detectors provided by the manufacturers specification were used. The energy response of the CdZnTe detector was measured by 133Ba and 152Eu γ sources. The experimental data were compared with the simulation results, and their perfect agreement provides a way to correct the energy or dose response, which can be used for the personal dosimeter developed by our group. Moreover, the measured energy spectra can be used in individual radiation protection. The present study shows that the CdZnTe detector is a good candidate detector in interventional procedures.展开更多
A new low temperature Pmmm(120 K) phase was found in high temperature superconductor Sr_2 CuO_(3+δ), which was indicated as a pure electronic phase by resonant x-ray diffraction at Cu K-edge. As shown by x-ray absorp...A new low temperature Pmmm(120 K) phase was found in high temperature superconductor Sr_2 CuO_(3+δ), which was indicated as a pure electronic phase by resonant x-ray diffraction at Cu K-edge. As shown by x-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) and x-ray absorption near edge structure(XANES) at Cu K-edge, the strong charge density redistribution and local lattice fluctuations around Cu site at the onset of phase transition were due to the occurrence of superconductive coherence, the redistribution and fluctuation finished at Tc. Finally, the electron–lattice interaction was mainly elaborated to understand the superconductivity of Sr_2 CuO_(3+δ).展开更多
Background:Rapid diagnostic tests(RDT)can effectively manage malaria cases and reduce excess costs brought by misdiagnosis.However,few studies have evaluated the economic value of this technology.The purpose of this s...Background:Rapid diagnostic tests(RDT)can effectively manage malaria cases and reduce excess costs brought by misdiagnosis.However,few studies have evaluated the economic value of this technology.The purpose of this study is to systematically review the economic value of RDT in malaria diagnosis.Main text:A detailed search strategy was developed to identify published economic evaluations that provide evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of malaria RDT.Electronic databases including MEDLINE,EMBASE,Biosis Previews,Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched from Jan 2007 to July 2018.Two researchers screened studies independently based on pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards(CHEERS)checklist was applied to evaluate the quality of the studies.Then cost and effectiveness data were extracted and summarized in a narrative way.Fifteen economic evaluations of RDT compared to other diagnostic methods were identified.The overall quality of studies varied greatly but most of them were scored to be of high or moderate quality.Ten of the fifteen studies reported that RDT was likely to be a cost-effective approach compared to its comparisons,but the results could be influenced by the alternatives,study perspectives,malaria prevalence,and the types of RDT.Conclusions:Based on available evidence,RDT had the potential to be more cost-effective than either microscopy or presumptive diagnosis.Further research is also required to draw a more robust conclusion.展开更多
The band alignment of HfO2 film on p-type （100） InP substrate grown by magnetron sputtering was investigated.The chemical states and bonding characteristics of the system were characterized by X-ray photoelectron sp...The band alignment of HfO2 film on p-type （100） InP substrate grown by magnetron sputtering was investigated.The chemical states and bonding characteristics of the system were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）.The results show that there is no existence of Hf-P or Hf-In and there are interfacial In2O3 and InPO4 at the interface.Ultraviolet spectrophotometer （UVS） was employed to obtain the band gap value of HfO2.In 3d and Hf 4f core-level spectra and valence spectra were employed to obtain the valence band offset of HfO2/InP.Experimental results show that the （5.88 ± 0.05） eV band gap of HfO2 is aligned to the band gap of InP with a conduction band offset （△Ec） of （2.74 ± 0.05） eV and a valence band offset （△Ev） of （1.80 ± 0.05） eV.Compared with HfO2 on Si,HfO2 on InP exhibits a much larger conduction band offset （1.35 eV larger）,which is beneficial to suppress the tunneling leakage current.展开更多
基金supported by the Key project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.ZDRW-ZS-2020-2)Innovation Platform Program of Qinghai Province(2021-ZJ-T02),Key Laboratory Project of Qinghai Province(2022-ZJ-Y05)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82171863)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(2021M701642).
文摘Background:Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)is a chronic biliary autoimmune liver disease characterized by intrahepatic cholestasis.Swertia mussotii Franch.(SMF)is a Tibetan medicine with hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities.In this study,the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of SMF on PBC were investigated by bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experimental validation,with the aim of promoting the progress of SMF and PBC research.Methods:We first explored the therapeutic effects and key targets of SMF on PBC using a network pharmacology approach,further screened the core targets using the GSE79850 dataset,and finally validated the results using molecular docking techniques and in vitro experiments.Results:By bioinformatics analysis,we identified core targets of SMF for PBC treatment(STAT3,JAK2,TNF-α,and IL-1β)and important signaling pathways:JAK-STAT,TNF,and PI3K-AKT.The molecular docking results showed that the significant components of SMF had good binding properties to the core targets.In vitro experiments showed that SMF extracts improved the extent of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells and had a significant reversal effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transition process markers and potential targets in PBC.Conclusion:SMF may exert its therapeutic effects on PBC by acting on important targets such as STAT3,JAK2,TNF-α,IL-1β,Vimentin,and E-cadherin and the pathways in which they are involved.
文摘There is growing evidence that long-term central nervous system(CNS)inflammation exacerbates secondary deterioration of brain structures and functions and is one of the major determinants of disease outcome and progression.In acute CNS injury,brain microglia are among the first cells to respond and play a critical role in neural repair and regeneration.However,microglial activation can also impede CNS repair and amplify tissue damage,and phenotypic transformation may be responsible for this dual role.Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-derived exosomes(Exos)are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of acute CNS injuries due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties.MSC-Exos are nanoscale membrane vesicles that are actively released by cells and are used clinically as circulating biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis.MSC-Exos can be neuroprotective in several acute CNS models,including for stroke and traumatic brain injury,showing great clinical potential.This review summarized the classification of acute CNS injury disorders and discussed the prominent role of microglial activation in acute CNS inflammation and the specific role of MSC-Exos in regulating pro-inflammatory microglia in neuroinflammatory repair following acute CNS injury.Finally,this review explored the potential mechanisms and factors associated with MSCExos in modulating the phenotypic balance of microglia,focusing on the interplay between CNS inflammation,the brain,and injury aspects,with an emphasis on potential strategies and therapeutic interventions for improving functional recovery from early CNS inflammation caused by acute CNS injury.
文摘Recent studies have shown that radiofrequency(RF) ablation therapy is a safe, feasible, and effective procedure for hepatic hemangiomas, even huge hepatic hemangiomas. RF ablation has the following advantages in the treatment of hepatic hemangiomas: minimal invasiveness, definite efficacy, high safety, fast recovery, relatively simple operation, and wide applicability. It is necessary to formulate a widely accepted consensus among the experts in China who have extensive expertise and experience in the treatment of hepatic hemangiomas using RF ablation, which is important to standardize the application of RF ablation for the management of hepatic hemangiomas, regarding the selection of patients with suitable indications to receive RF ablation treatment, the technical details of the techniques, therapeutic effect evaluations, management of complications, etc. A final consensus by a Chinese panel of experts who have the expertise of using RF ablation to treat hepatic hemangiomas was reached by means of literature review, comprehensive discussion, and draft approval.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81671966)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7182155)+2 种基金the Application Research and Achievement Extension of Clinical Characteristics in Chinese Capital Foundation (Z171100001017160)the Cultivation Program for Military Medical Science and Technology Youth-Growth Project (16QNP139)the Clinical Research Support Foundation of Chinese PLA General Hospital (2015FC-ZHCG-1002)。
文摘Background: Heat stroke(HS) is a serious, life-threatening disease. However, there is no scoring system for HS so far. This research is to establish a scoring system that can quantitatively assess the severity of exertional heat stroke(EHS).Methods: Data were collected from a total of 170 exertional heat stroke(EHS) patients between 2005 and 2016 from 52 hospitals in China. Univariate statistical methods and comparison of the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve(AUC) were used to screen exertional heat stroke score(EHSS) parameters, including but not limited body temperature(T), Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) and others. By comparing the sizes of the AUCs of the APACHE II, SOFA and EHSS assessments, the effectiveness of EHSS in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients was verified.Results: Through screening with a series of methods, as described above, the present study determined 12 parameters – body temperature(T), GCS, p H, lactate(Lac), platelet count(PLT), prothrombin time(PT), fibrinogen(Fib), troponin I(Tn I), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin(TBIL), creatinine(Cr) and acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI) classification – as EHSS parameters. It is a 0–47 point system designed to reflect increasing severity of heat stroke. Low(EHSS<20) and high scores(EHSS>35) showed 100% survival and 100% mortality, respectively. We found that AUCEHSS>AUCSOFA>AUCAPACHE II.Conclusions: A total of 12 parameters – T, GCS, p H, Lac, PLT, PT, Fib, Tn I, AST, TBIL, Cr and gastrointestinal AGI classification – are the EHSS parameters with the best effectiveness in evaluating the prognosis of EHS patients. As EHSS score increases, the mortality rate of EHS patients gradually increases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11705123)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20160306)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2016M591911)the Project of the State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection,Soochow University(No.GZN1201801)
文摘Interventional radiology has been beneficial for patients for over 30 years of age with the combination of diagnostic and therapeutic methods. The radiation affecting occupationally exposed workers should be evaluated by means of the energy spectra and flux of X-rays in the treatment room. The present study aims to obtain the energy spectra of interventional procedures and study the capability of some detectors to evaluate the dose in interventional procedures. These measurements were taken by silicon-drift, CdTe, and CdZnTe detectors. The energy spectra were corrected by the energy-response curve of each detector. The energy-response curves of silicon-drift and CdTe detectors provided by the manufacturers specification were used. The energy response of the CdZnTe detector was measured by 133Ba and 152Eu γ sources. The experimental data were compared with the simulation results, and their perfect agreement provides a way to correct the energy or dose response, which can be used for the personal dosimeter developed by our group. Moreover, the measured energy spectra can be used in individual radiation protection. The present study shows that the CdZnTe detector is a good candidate detector in interventional procedures.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos.2012CB922004/3,2010CB934501,and 2009CB929502)the Funds of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.JJKH20180860KJ)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.WK2310000043)
文摘A new low temperature Pmmm(120 K) phase was found in high temperature superconductor Sr_2 CuO_(3+δ), which was indicated as a pure electronic phase by resonant x-ray diffraction at Cu K-edge. As shown by x-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) and x-ray absorption near edge structure(XANES) at Cu K-edge, the strong charge density redistribution and local lattice fluctuations around Cu site at the onset of phase transition were due to the occurrence of superconductive coherence, the redistribution and fluctuation finished at Tc. Finally, the electron–lattice interaction was mainly elaborated to understand the superconductivity of Sr_2 CuO_(3+δ).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0603203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51390491)
基金This study supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20150001)the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(BE2018020)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Project of Invigorating Health Care through Science,Technology and EducationThe funders had no role in the study design,data collection,analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Background:Rapid diagnostic tests(RDT)can effectively manage malaria cases and reduce excess costs brought by misdiagnosis.However,few studies have evaluated the economic value of this technology.The purpose of this study is to systematically review the economic value of RDT in malaria diagnosis.Main text:A detailed search strategy was developed to identify published economic evaluations that provide evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of malaria RDT.Electronic databases including MEDLINE,EMBASE,Biosis Previews,Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched from Jan 2007 to July 2018.Two researchers screened studies independently based on pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards(CHEERS)checklist was applied to evaluate the quality of the studies.Then cost and effectiveness data were extracted and summarized in a narrative way.Fifteen economic evaluations of RDT compared to other diagnostic methods were identified.The overall quality of studies varied greatly but most of them were scored to be of high or moderate quality.Ten of the fifteen studies reported that RDT was likely to be a cost-effective approach compared to its comparisons,but the results could be influenced by the alternatives,study perspectives,malaria prevalence,and the types of RDT.Conclusions:Based on available evidence,RDT had the potential to be more cost-effective than either microscopy or presumptive diagnosis.Further research is also required to draw a more robust conclusion.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.50932001,51102020,and 51202013)
文摘The band alignment of HfO2 film on p-type （100） InP substrate grown by magnetron sputtering was investigated.The chemical states and bonding characteristics of the system were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）.The results show that there is no existence of Hf-P or Hf-In and there are interfacial In2O3 and InPO4 at the interface.Ultraviolet spectrophotometer （UVS） was employed to obtain the band gap value of HfO2.In 3d and Hf 4f core-level spectra and valence spectra were employed to obtain the valence band offset of HfO2/InP.Experimental results show that the （5.88 ± 0.05） eV band gap of HfO2 is aligned to the band gap of InP with a conduction band offset （△Ec） of （2.74 ± 0.05） eV and a valence band offset （△Ev） of （1.80 ± 0.05） eV.Compared with HfO2 on Si,HfO2 on InP exhibits a much larger conduction band offset （1.35 eV larger）,which is beneficial to suppress the tunneling leakage current.
