In order to explore researches about the chromosome karyotype analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) technology in China,using the bibliometric method,taking " fluorescence in situ hybridization(FI...In order to explore researches about the chromosome karyotype analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) technology in China,using the bibliometric method,taking " fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) " and " chromosome" as key words,this paper made a statistical analysis on the literature published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) during 2002-2016.The results indicated that the number of papers published in 2002 was the smallest(37),while the number of papers published in 2012 was the largest(125).In terms of the distribution of organizations of authors,in 1201 papers,11 organizations published papers ≥15,accounting for 21.65%.In terms of distribution of papers published by different periodicals,11 periodicals published papers ≥10,accounting for 17.65%.In terms of the papers supported by foundation projects,in all papers searched,377 papers were supported by foundation projects,accounting for 31.39%.In terms of the distribution of doctoral and master's dissertations,259 papers were master's dissertations,accounting for 21.57%;92 papers were doctoral dissertations,accounting for 7.66%.展开更多
Comprehensive Summary Since the concept of 2D inorganic molecular crystals(2DIMCs)was introduced,intensive attentions have been gradually devoted to this field.Herein,the very recent advances in growth,properties,and ...Comprehensive Summary Since the concept of 2D inorganic molecular crystals(2DIMCs)was introduced,intensive attentions have been gradually devoted to this field.Herein,the very recent advances in growth,properties,and applications of 2D inorganic molecular crystals are comprehensively reviewed.Firstly,the newly emerged 2DIMCs are classified into three categories.Then the two typical production methods are present,thus leading to discrepancy in size,distribution,morphology and structures of 2DIMCs.Moreover,the unique physicochemical properties of 2DIMCs are demonstrated on the basis of the as-obtained 2DIMCs,the various applications are exhibited,demonstrating significant potential in related fields.Finally,the perspective and prospects are outlooked to offer insights in further development of 2DIMCs.展开更多
Secondary epileptogenesis is characterized by increased epileptic susceptibility and a tendency to generate epileptiform activities outside the primary focus.It is one of the major resultants of pharmacoresistance and...Secondary epileptogenesis is characterized by increased epileptic susceptibility and a tendency to generate epileptiform activities outside the primary focus.It is one of the major resultants of pharmacoresistance and failure of surgical outcomes in epilepsy,but still lacks effective treatments.Here,we aimed to test the effects of low-frequency stimulation(LFS)at the subiculum for secondary epileptogenesis in a mouse model.Here,secondary epileptogenesis was simulated at regions both contralateral and ipsilateral to the primary focus by applying successive kindling stimuli.Mice kindled at the right CA3 showed higher seizure susceptibilities at both the contralateral CA3 and the ipsilateral entorhinal cortex and had accelerated kindling processes compared with naive mice.LFS at the ipsilateral subiculum during the primary kindling progress at the right CA3 effectively prevented secondary epileptogenesis at both the contralateral CA3 and the ipsilateral entorhinal cortex,characterized by decreased seizure susceptibilities and a retarded kindling process at those secondary foci.Only application along with the primary epileptogenesis was effective.Notably,the effects of LFS on secondary epileptogenesis were associated with its inhibitory effect at the secondary focus through interfering with the enhancement of synaptic connections between the primary and secondary foci.These results imply that LFS at the subiculum is an effective preventive strategy for extensive secondary epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy and present the subiculum as a target with potential translational importance.展开更多
Bone loss and deterioration of bone microarchitecture would increase the bone fragility and fracture risk,leading to the osteoporosis.More and more evidences proved that plant-derived polysaccharides could have a rema...Bone loss and deterioration of bone microarchitecture would increase the bone fragility and fracture risk,leading to the osteoporosis.More and more evidences proved that plant-derived polysaccharides could have a remarkable influence on osteoblasts and osteoclasts,exerting anti-osteoporosis effects.According to the previous research,the extract of Cibotium barumoz,Achyranthes bidentata,Curculigo orchioides,Epimedium brevicornum,Angelica sinensis,Polygonatum sibiricum,Dendrobium officinale,Morinda officinalis,Nelumbo mucifera,Diospyros kaki,Hordeum vulgare,Cistanche deserticola,Commiphora Myrrha and other plant-derived polysaccharides could benefit to the osteoblasts and osteoclasts.The essential mechanisms are mainly related to the activation or inhibition of many factors,including runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),B-catenin,osterix(Osx),activator protein-1(AP-1),osteocalcin(OCN/BGP),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),osteopontin(OPN),bone morphogenetic protein(BMP),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/C-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)/extracellular regulated protein kinase(ERK),osteoprotegerin(OPG),receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB(RANK),monocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF),tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF-6),receptor activator of nuclear factor(NF)-KB ligand(RANKL),nuclear factor of activated T cells 1(NFATc1),c-Fos,matrix metallopeptidase-9(MMP-9),glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3B)/B-catenin,nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nf2),as well as these related pathways,such as Wnt/p-catenin,BMP-2/SMAD1/5/8,PI3K/AKT,OPG/RANKL/RANK,NF-κB,MAPKs,etc.These plant-derived polysaccharides could improve the dynamic balance of bone formation and resorption through promoting the differentiation and maturation of osteoblast or inhibiting its formation.The reviewed plant-derived polysaccharides and their regulating mechanisms on the osteoclasts and osteoblasts provide the evidences for the development of osteoporosis therapeutics.展开更多
Named data networking （NDN） is a new Internet architecture that replaces today＇s focus on where - addresses and hosts with what -- the content that users and applications care about. One of NDN＇s prominent advanta...Named data networking （NDN） is a new Internet architecture that replaces today＇s focus on where - addresses and hosts with what -- the content that users and applications care about. One of NDN＇s prominent advantages is scalable and efficient content distribution due to its native support of caching and multicast in the network. However, at the last hop to wireless users, often the WiFi link, current NDN im- plementation still treats the communication as multiple uni- cast sessions, which will cause duplicate packets and waste of bandwidth when multiple users request for the same popular content. WiFi＇s built-in broadcast mechanism can alleviate this problem, but it suffers from packet loss since there is no MAC-layer acknowledgement as in unicast. In this paper, we develop a new NDN-based cross-layer approach called NLB for efficient and scalable live video streaming over wireless LAN. The core ideas are： using WiFi＇s broadcast channel to deliver content from the access point to the users, a leader- based mechanism to suppress duplicate requests from users, and receiver-driven rate control and loss recovery. The design is implemented and evaluated in a physical testbed comprised of one software AP and 20 Raspberry Pi-based WiFi clients. While NDN with multiple unicast sessions or plain broadcast can support no more than ten concurrent viewers of a 1Mbps streaming video, NDN plus NLB supports all 20 viewers, and can likely support much more when present.展开更多
Seizures due to cortical dysplasia are notorious for their poor prognosis even with medications and surgery,likely due to the widespread seizure network.Previous studies have primarily focused on the disruption of dys...Seizures due to cortical dysplasia are notorious for their poor prognosis even with medications and surgery,likely due to the widespread seizure network.Previous studies have primarily focused on the disruption of dysplastic lesions,rather than remote regions such as the hippocampus.Here,we first quantified the epileptogenicity of the hippocampus in patients with late-stage cortical dysplasia.We further investigated the cellular substrates leading to the epileptic hippocampus,using multiscale tools including calcium imaging,optogenetics,immunohistochemistry and electrophysiology.For the first time,we revealed the role of hippocampal somatostatin-positive interneurons in cortical dysplasia-related seizures.Somatostatin-positive were recruited during cortical dysplasia-related seizures.Interestingly,optogenetic studies suggested that somatostatin-positive interneurons paradoxically facilitated seizure generalization.By contrast,parvalbumin-positive interneurons retained an inhibitory role as in controls.Electrophysiological recordings and immunohistochemical studies revealed glutamate-mediated excitatory transmission from somatostatin-positive interneurons in the dentate gyrus.Taken together,our study reveals a novel role of excitatory somatostatin-positive neurons in the seizure network and brings new insights into the cellular basis of cortical dysplasia.展开更多
Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE),one common type of medically refractory epilepsy,is accompanied with altered adult-born dentate granule cells(abDGCs).However,the causal role of abDGCs in recurrent seizures of TLE is not f...Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE),one common type of medically refractory epilepsy,is accompanied with altered adult-born dentate granule cells(abDGCs).However,the causal role of abDGCs in recurrent seizures of TLE is not fully understood.Here,taking advantage of optogenetic and chemogenetic tools to selectively manipulate abDGCs in a reversible manner.展开更多
Selective catalytic reduction is the most efficient and reliable equipment for NOx control in current diesel engines. However, the issue of urea crystallization becomes increasingly serious with the implement of the n...Selective catalytic reduction is the most efficient and reliable equipment for NOx control in current diesel engines. However, the issue of urea crystallization becomes increasingly serious with the implement of the new emissions standards. In this paper, urea deposit samples collected from engine test bed and tube furnace were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform-infrared analysis to aid the comprehension of urea deposit formation. Moreover, thermogravimetric tests were conducted to disclose the effects of catalyst on the thermal decomposition processes of urea deposit. The results indicated that less temperature resistant species are formed in the engine test bed than in the tube furnace at conditions with the same temperatures. The main compositions in the World Harmonized Transient Cycle(WHTC) urea deposits are urea, cyanuric acid(CYA) and ammelide, implying that accelerating the decomposition of these species could prevent the accumulation of urea deposit. CuWTi, Cu β and CuZSM catalysts could lead to increased yield of CYA during pure urea thermolysis. Cu β, CuWTi and VWTi catalysts tend to promote the thermolysis of CYA while VWTi has the most significant catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of ammelide and ammeline.展开更多
MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. The large-scale detection and profiling of miRNAs have been accelerated with the development of highthroughput small RNA sequencing(sRNA-Seq) techniques a...MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. The large-scale detection and profiling of miRNAs have been accelerated with the development of highthroughput small RNA sequencing(sRNA-Seq) techniques and bioinformatics tools. However,generating high-quality comprehensive miRNA annotations remains challenging due to the intrinsic complexity of sRNA-Seq data and inherent limitations of existing miRNA prediction tools. Here,we present iwa-miRNA, a Galaxy-based framework that can facilitate miRNA annotation in plant species by combining computational analysis and manual curation. iwa-miRNA is specifically designed to generate a comprehensive list of miRNA candidates, bridging the gap between already annotated miRNAs provided by public miRNA databases and new predictions from sRNA-Seq datasets. It can also assist users in selecting promising miRNA candidates in an interactive mode,contributing to the accessibility and reproducibility of genome-wide miRNA annotation. iwamiRNA is user-friendly and can be easily deployed as a web application for researchers without programming experience. With fexible, interactive, and easy-to-use features, iwa-miRNA is a valuable tool for the annotation of miRNAs in plant species with reference genomes. We also illustrate the application of iwa-miRNA for miRNA annotation using data from plant species with varying genomic complexity. The source codes and web server of iwa-miRNA are freely accessible at http://iwa-miRNA.omicstudio.cloud/.展开更多
Regarding the reverse process of materials growth,etching has been widely concerned to indirectly probe the growth kinetics,offering an avenue in governing the growth of two-dimensional(2D)materials.In this work,inter...Regarding the reverse process of materials growth,etching has been widely concerned to indirectly probe the growth kinetics,offering an avenue in governing the growth of two-dimensional(2D)materials.In this work,interface-driven anisotropic etching mode is demonstrated for the first time to be generally applied to 2D heterostructures.It is shown that the typical in-plane graphene and hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)heterostructures follow a multi-stage etching behavior initiated first along the interfacial region between the two materials and then along edges of neighboring h-BN flakes and finally along central edges of hBN.By accurately tuning etching conditions in the chemical vapor deposition process,series of etched 2D heterostructure patterns are controllably produced.Furthermore,scaled formation of graphene and h-BN heterostructures arrays has been realized with full assist of as-proposed etching mechanism,offering a direct top-down method to make 2D orientated heterostructures with order and complexity.Detection of interface-driven multi-staged anisotropic etching mode will shed light on understanding growth mechanism and further expanding wide applications of 2D heterostructures.展开更多
Erratum to Nano Research 2022,15(6):4909−4915 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4193-x The affiliation of the author“Feng Ding”was unfortunately mistakenly marked.This error did not affect any of the content and co...Erratum to Nano Research 2022,15(6):4909−4915 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4193-x The affiliation of the author“Feng Ding”was unfortunately mistakenly marked.This error did not affect any of the content and conclusions from the published paper.In addition,one funding was unfortunately forgotten.This error did not affect any of the content and conclusions from the published paper.展开更多
Diverse Ordovician marine ecosystems were abruptly terminated by the Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME), when around 85%of species were eliminated. Previous studies thought early Silurian (~443–433 Ma) recovery o...Diverse Ordovician marine ecosystems were abruptly terminated by the Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME), when around 85%of species were eliminated. Previous studies thought early Silurian (~443–433 Ma) recovery of biotic diversity and ecosystem complexity [1] occurred relatively rapidly, in the first few million years of the Silurian [2].展开更多
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation(31160292)Crop Discipline Construction Project of Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College(2015ZWXKJS&2016ZWXKJS)
文摘In order to explore researches about the chromosome karyotype analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) technology in China,using the bibliometric method,taking " fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) " and " chromosome" as key words,this paper made a statistical analysis on the literature published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) during 2002-2016.The results indicated that the number of papers published in 2002 was the smallest(37),while the number of papers published in 2012 was the largest(125).In terms of the distribution of organizations of authors,in 1201 papers,11 organizations published papers ≥15,accounting for 21.65%.In terms of distribution of papers published by different periodicals,11 periodicals published papers ≥10,accounting for 17.65%.In terms of the papers supported by foundation projects,in all papers searched,377 papers were supported by foundation projects,accounting for 31.39%.In terms of the distribution of doctoral and master's dissertations,259 papers were master's dissertations,accounting for 21.57%;92 papers were doctoral dissertations,accounting for 7.66%.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0717900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 52002267)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City(22JCJQJC00080,20JCQNJC01990).
文摘Comprehensive Summary Since the concept of 2D inorganic molecular crystals(2DIMCs)was introduced,intensive attentions have been gradually devoted to this field.Herein,the very recent advances in growth,properties,and applications of 2D inorganic molecular crystals are comprehensively reviewed.Firstly,the newly emerged 2DIMCs are classified into three categories.Then the two typical production methods are present,thus leading to discrepancy in size,distribution,morphology and structures of 2DIMCs.Moreover,the unique physicochemical properties of 2DIMCs are demonstrated on the basis of the as-obtained 2DIMCs,the various applications are exhibited,demonstrating significant potential in related fields.Finally,the perspective and prospects are outlooked to offer insights in further development of 2DIMCs.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20418 and 82173796)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LD22H310003)the Research Project of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(2023JKZDZC04).
文摘Secondary epileptogenesis is characterized by increased epileptic susceptibility and a tendency to generate epileptiform activities outside the primary focus.It is one of the major resultants of pharmacoresistance and failure of surgical outcomes in epilepsy,but still lacks effective treatments.Here,we aimed to test the effects of low-frequency stimulation(LFS)at the subiculum for secondary epileptogenesis in a mouse model.Here,secondary epileptogenesis was simulated at regions both contralateral and ipsilateral to the primary focus by applying successive kindling stimuli.Mice kindled at the right CA3 showed higher seizure susceptibilities at both the contralateral CA3 and the ipsilateral entorhinal cortex and had accelerated kindling processes compared with naive mice.LFS at the ipsilateral subiculum during the primary kindling progress at the right CA3 effectively prevented secondary epileptogenesis at both the contralateral CA3 and the ipsilateral entorhinal cortex,characterized by decreased seizure susceptibilities and a retarded kindling process at those secondary foci.Only application along with the primary epileptogenesis was effective.Notably,the effects of LFS on secondary epileptogenesis were associated with its inhibitory effect at the secondary focus through interfering with the enhancement of synaptic connections between the primary and secondary foci.These results imply that LFS at the subiculum is an effective preventive strategy for extensive secondary epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy and present the subiculum as a target with potential translational importance.
基金supported by the College students’innovation Project of Henan University(20221020006).
文摘Bone loss and deterioration of bone microarchitecture would increase the bone fragility and fracture risk,leading to the osteoporosis.More and more evidences proved that plant-derived polysaccharides could have a remarkable influence on osteoblasts and osteoclasts,exerting anti-osteoporosis effects.According to the previous research,the extract of Cibotium barumoz,Achyranthes bidentata,Curculigo orchioides,Epimedium brevicornum,Angelica sinensis,Polygonatum sibiricum,Dendrobium officinale,Morinda officinalis,Nelumbo mucifera,Diospyros kaki,Hordeum vulgare,Cistanche deserticola,Commiphora Myrrha and other plant-derived polysaccharides could benefit to the osteoblasts and osteoclasts.The essential mechanisms are mainly related to the activation or inhibition of many factors,including runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),B-catenin,osterix(Osx),activator protein-1(AP-1),osteocalcin(OCN/BGP),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),osteopontin(OPN),bone morphogenetic protein(BMP),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/C-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)/extracellular regulated protein kinase(ERK),osteoprotegerin(OPG),receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB(RANK),monocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF),tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF-6),receptor activator of nuclear factor(NF)-KB ligand(RANKL),nuclear factor of activated T cells 1(NFATc1),c-Fos,matrix metallopeptidase-9(MMP-9),glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3B)/B-catenin,nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nf2),as well as these related pathways,such as Wnt/p-catenin,BMP-2/SMAD1/5/8,PI3K/AKT,OPG/RANKL/RANK,NF-κB,MAPKs,etc.These plant-derived polysaccharides could improve the dynamic balance of bone formation and resorption through promoting the differentiation and maturation of osteoblast or inhibiting its formation.The reviewed plant-derived polysaccharides and their regulating mechanisms on the osteoclasts and osteoblasts provide the evidences for the development of osteoporosis therapeutics.
文摘Named data networking （NDN） is a new Internet architecture that replaces today＇s focus on where - addresses and hosts with what -- the content that users and applications care about. One of NDN＇s prominent advantages is scalable and efficient content distribution due to its native support of caching and multicast in the network. However, at the last hop to wireless users, often the WiFi link, current NDN im- plementation still treats the communication as multiple uni- cast sessions, which will cause duplicate packets and waste of bandwidth when multiple users request for the same popular content. WiFi＇s built-in broadcast mechanism can alleviate this problem, but it suffers from packet loss since there is no MAC-layer acknowledgement as in unicast. In this paper, we develop a new NDN-based cross-layer approach called NLB for efficient and scalable live video streaming over wireless LAN. The core ideas are： using WiFi＇s broadcast channel to deliver content from the access point to the users, a leader- based mechanism to suppress duplicate requests from users, and receiver-driven rate control and loss recovery. The design is implemented and evaluated in a physical testbed comprised of one software AP and 20 Raspberry Pi-based WiFi clients. While NDN with multiple unicast sessions or plain broadcast can support no more than ten concurrent viewers of a 1Mbps streaming video, NDN plus NLB supports all 20 viewers, and can likely support much more when present.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0803900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071443,81973298,82173796,82022071,82201607)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LD22H310003,Q23H090002).
文摘Seizures due to cortical dysplasia are notorious for their poor prognosis even with medications and surgery,likely due to the widespread seizure network.Previous studies have primarily focused on the disruption of dysplastic lesions,rather than remote regions such as the hippocampus.Here,we first quantified the epileptogenicity of the hippocampus in patients with late-stage cortical dysplasia.We further investigated the cellular substrates leading to the epileptic hippocampus,using multiscale tools including calcium imaging,optogenetics,immunohistochemistry and electrophysiology.For the first time,we revealed the role of hippocampal somatostatin-positive interneurons in cortical dysplasia-related seizures.Somatostatin-positive were recruited during cortical dysplasia-related seizures.Interestingly,optogenetic studies suggested that somatostatin-positive interneurons paradoxically facilitated seizure generalization.By contrast,parvalbumin-positive interneurons retained an inhibitory role as in controls.Electrophysiological recordings and immunohistochemical studies revealed glutamate-mediated excitatory transmission from somatostatin-positive interneurons in the dentate gyrus.Taken together,our study reveals a novel role of excitatory somatostatin-positive neurons in the seizure network and brings new insights into the cellular basis of cortical dysplasia.
基金This project was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82022071,81973298 and 82204350)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0803902)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LD22H310003).
文摘Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE),one common type of medically refractory epilepsy,is accompanied with altered adult-born dentate granule cells(abDGCs).However,the causal role of abDGCs in recurrent seizures of TLE is not fully understood.Here,taking advantage of optogenetic and chemogenetic tools to selectively manipulate abDGCs in a reversible manner.
基金supported by the National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology(No.NELMS2018A10)the Science Fund for Young Scholars of Natural Science Fund in Hebei Province(No.E2019202198)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Hebei Province(No.QN2019056)the State Key Laboratory of Engines,Tianjin University(No.K2020-15)。
文摘Selective catalytic reduction is the most efficient and reliable equipment for NOx control in current diesel engines. However, the issue of urea crystallization becomes increasingly serious with the implement of the new emissions standards. In this paper, urea deposit samples collected from engine test bed and tube furnace were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform-infrared analysis to aid the comprehension of urea deposit formation. Moreover, thermogravimetric tests were conducted to disclose the effects of catalyst on the thermal decomposition processes of urea deposit. The results indicated that less temperature resistant species are formed in the engine test bed than in the tube furnace at conditions with the same temperatures. The main compositions in the World Harmonized Transient Cycle(WHTC) urea deposits are urea, cyanuric acid(CYA) and ammelide, implying that accelerating the decomposition of these species could prevent the accumulation of urea deposit. CuWTi, Cu β and CuZSM catalysts could lead to increased yield of CYA during pure urea thermolysis. Cu β, CuWTi and VWTi catalysts tend to promote the thermolysis of CYA while VWTi has the most significant catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of ammelide and ammeline.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31570371)the Youth 1000-Talent Program of China,the Hundred Talents Program of Shaanxi Province of Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2452020041).
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. The large-scale detection and profiling of miRNAs have been accelerated with the development of highthroughput small RNA sequencing(sRNA-Seq) techniques and bioinformatics tools. However,generating high-quality comprehensive miRNA annotations remains challenging due to the intrinsic complexity of sRNA-Seq data and inherent limitations of existing miRNA prediction tools. Here,we present iwa-miRNA, a Galaxy-based framework that can facilitate miRNA annotation in plant species by combining computational analysis and manual curation. iwa-miRNA is specifically designed to generate a comprehensive list of miRNA candidates, bridging the gap between already annotated miRNAs provided by public miRNA databases and new predictions from sRNA-Seq datasets. It can also assist users in selecting promising miRNA candidates in an interactive mode,contributing to the accessibility and reproducibility of genome-wide miRNA annotation. iwamiRNA is user-friendly and can be easily deployed as a web application for researchers without programming experience. With fexible, interactive, and easy-to-use features, iwa-miRNA is a valuable tool for the annotation of miRNAs in plant species with reference genomes. We also illustrate the application of iwa-miRNA for miRNA annotation using data from plant species with varying genomic complexity. The source codes and web server of iwa-miRNA are freely accessible at http://iwa-miRNA.omicstudio.cloud/.
基金funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52002267).
文摘Regarding the reverse process of materials growth,etching has been widely concerned to indirectly probe the growth kinetics,offering an avenue in governing the growth of two-dimensional(2D)materials.In this work,interface-driven anisotropic etching mode is demonstrated for the first time to be generally applied to 2D heterostructures.It is shown that the typical in-plane graphene and hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)heterostructures follow a multi-stage etching behavior initiated first along the interfacial region between the two materials and then along edges of neighboring h-BN flakes and finally along central edges of hBN.By accurately tuning etching conditions in the chemical vapor deposition process,series of etched 2D heterostructure patterns are controllably produced.Furthermore,scaled formation of graphene and h-BN heterostructures arrays has been realized with full assist of as-proposed etching mechanism,offering a direct top-down method to make 2D orientated heterostructures with order and complexity.Detection of interface-driven multi-staged anisotropic etching mode will shed light on understanding growth mechanism and further expanding wide applications of 2D heterostructures.
基金The authors acknowledge funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52002267)the Institute for Basic Science of Republic of Korea(No.IBS-R019-D1).
文摘Erratum to Nano Research 2022,15(6):4909−4915 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4193-x The affiliation of the author“Feng Ding”was unfortunately mistakenly marked.This error did not affect any of the content and conclusions from the published paper.In addition,one funding was unfortunately forgotten.This error did not affect any of the content and conclusions from the published paper.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41520104007,41721002,and 41922021)the Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project(the 111 Project)(B14026)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDY-SSW-DQC031)。
文摘Diverse Ordovician marine ecosystems were abruptly terminated by the Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME), when around 85%of species were eliminated. Previous studies thought early Silurian (~443–433 Ma) recovery of biotic diversity and ecosystem complexity [1] occurred relatively rapidly, in the first few million years of the Silurian [2].
