To date, the Xunyang mercury(Hg) mining district is the only ongoing large-scale Hg mining district in China. To understand the influence of Hg contamination mode from the Hg mining and smelting activities, 27 samplin...To date, the Xunyang mercury(Hg) mining district is the only ongoing large-scale Hg mining district in China. To understand the influence of Hg contamination mode from the Hg mining and smelting activities, 27 sampling sites in the Xunyang Hg mining district were chosen in this study. Total gaseous mercury(TGM) in ambient air was measured using a Lumex-RA915 automatic Hg analyzer in2011. Rice samples and soil samples from rhizosphere were collected systematically and simultaneously. Total Hg(THg) and methylmercury(Me Hg) concentrations in rice grain and soil samples and Hg speciation with modified sequential selective extractions were measured. The local environment was seriously polluted with Hg. The TGM(302 ± 376 ng·m-3, ranging from 24 to 2220 ng·m^(-3)) in the local ambient air, THg(28 ± 30 mg·kg^(-1), ranging from 0.31 to 121 mg·kg^(-1)) and Me Hg(2.3 ± 1.9 lg·kg^(-1),ranging from 0.24 to 8.9 lg·kg^(-1)) in soil samples were at the sample level with Hg contaminated area. The THg concentration(26 ± 16 lg·kg^(-1)ranging from 4.5 to 71 lg·kg^(-1)) in most of the rice grain samples clearly exceeds the threshold level(20 lg·kg^(-1)) in the Chinese national guidelines for cereals(NY 861-2004). The inorganic mercury(IHg)(9.1 ± 5.6 lg·kg^(-1), ranging from 1.2 to 24 lg·kg^(-1)) and Me Hg(14 ± 9.8 lg·kg^(-1), ranging from 2.1 to 59 lg·kg^(-1))concentration in rice grain samples were at the same level with Hg contaminated area. The main species of Hg in paddy soils reveal strong complex Hg and residue Hg. According to the correlation analysis, a Hg pollution mode from local Hg mining and smelting was hypothesized, including Hg emission, transportation, methylation, and uptake process.展开更多
Background:Joint contracture is the major clinical complication in burn patients,especially,the severe burn patients.This study aimed to investigate the number and severity of joint contractures in patients with burns...Background:Joint contracture is the major clinical complication in burn patients,especially,the severe burn patients.This study aimed to investigate the number and severity of joint contractures in patients with burns affecting greater than or equal to 50%of the total body surface area(TBSA)undergoing early rehabilitation in a burn intensive care unit(BICU).Methods:We analyzed burn patients with burns affecting greater than or equal to 50%of the TBSA admitted to a BICU who received early rehabilitation within 7 days post-injury from January 2011 to December 2015.Demographic and medical information was collected.The range of motion(ROM)of different joints was measured 1 month post-admission.Spearman’s correlation coefficient and logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of the presence and severity of contractures.Result:The average affected TBSA of the included burn patients was 67.4%,and the average length of stay in the BICU was 46.2±28.8 days.One hundred and one of 108 burn patients(93.5%)developed at least one joint contracture.The ROM in 67.9%of the affected joints was mildly limited.The majority of contractures in severe burn patients were mild(37.7%)or moderate(33.2%).The wrist was the most commonly affected joint(18.2%),followed by the shoulder,ankle,hip,knee,and elbow.A predictor of the presence of contractures was the length of hospital stay(p=0.049).The severe contracture was related to the area of full-thickness burns,the strict bed rest time,and the duration of rehabilitation in BICU.The length of rehabilitation stay(days)in patients with moderate contracture is 54.5%longer than that in severe contracture(p=0.024)Conclusion:During the long stay in BICU,the length of rehabilitation stay in a BICU could decrease the severity of contractures from severe to moderate in the patients with equal to 50%of the TBSA.Hence,this research reveals the important role of early rehabilitation interventions in severe burn patients.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program,No.2013CB430004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41273152+1 种基金41473123)CAS Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.2011280)
文摘To date, the Xunyang mercury(Hg) mining district is the only ongoing large-scale Hg mining district in China. To understand the influence of Hg contamination mode from the Hg mining and smelting activities, 27 sampling sites in the Xunyang Hg mining district were chosen in this study. Total gaseous mercury(TGM) in ambient air was measured using a Lumex-RA915 automatic Hg analyzer in2011. Rice samples and soil samples from rhizosphere were collected systematically and simultaneously. Total Hg(THg) and methylmercury(Me Hg) concentrations in rice grain and soil samples and Hg speciation with modified sequential selective extractions were measured. The local environment was seriously polluted with Hg. The TGM(302 ± 376 ng·m-3, ranging from 24 to 2220 ng·m^(-3)) in the local ambient air, THg(28 ± 30 mg·kg^(-1), ranging from 0.31 to 121 mg·kg^(-1)) and Me Hg(2.3 ± 1.9 lg·kg^(-1),ranging from 0.24 to 8.9 lg·kg^(-1)) in soil samples were at the sample level with Hg contaminated area. The THg concentration(26 ± 16 lg·kg^(-1)ranging from 4.5 to 71 lg·kg^(-1)) in most of the rice grain samples clearly exceeds the threshold level(20 lg·kg^(-1)) in the Chinese national guidelines for cereals(NY 861-2004). The inorganic mercury(IHg)(9.1 ± 5.6 lg·kg^(-1), ranging from 1.2 to 24 lg·kg^(-1)) and Me Hg(14 ± 9.8 lg·kg^(-1), ranging from 2.1 to 59 lg·kg^(-1))concentration in rice grain samples were at the same level with Hg contaminated area. The main species of Hg in paddy soils reveal strong complex Hg and residue Hg. According to the correlation analysis, a Hg pollution mode from local Hg mining and smelting was hypothesized, including Hg emission, transportation, methylation, and uptake process.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81401603).
文摘Background:Joint contracture is the major clinical complication in burn patients,especially,the severe burn patients.This study aimed to investigate the number and severity of joint contractures in patients with burns affecting greater than or equal to 50%of the total body surface area(TBSA)undergoing early rehabilitation in a burn intensive care unit(BICU).Methods:We analyzed burn patients with burns affecting greater than or equal to 50%of the TBSA admitted to a BICU who received early rehabilitation within 7 days post-injury from January 2011 to December 2015.Demographic and medical information was collected.The range of motion(ROM)of different joints was measured 1 month post-admission.Spearman’s correlation coefficient and logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of the presence and severity of contractures.Result:The average affected TBSA of the included burn patients was 67.4%,and the average length of stay in the BICU was 46.2±28.8 days.One hundred and one of 108 burn patients(93.5%)developed at least one joint contracture.The ROM in 67.9%of the affected joints was mildly limited.The majority of contractures in severe burn patients were mild(37.7%)or moderate(33.2%).The wrist was the most commonly affected joint(18.2%),followed by the shoulder,ankle,hip,knee,and elbow.A predictor of the presence of contractures was the length of hospital stay(p=0.049).The severe contracture was related to the area of full-thickness burns,the strict bed rest time,and the duration of rehabilitation in BICU.The length of rehabilitation stay(days)in patients with moderate contracture is 54.5%longer than that in severe contracture(p=0.024)Conclusion:During the long stay in BICU,the length of rehabilitation stay in a BICU could decrease the severity of contractures from severe to moderate in the patients with equal to 50%of the TBSA.Hence,this research reveals the important role of early rehabilitation interventions in severe burn patients.
