Fluorine owing to its inherently high electronegativity exhibits charge delocalization and ion dissociation capabilities;as a result,there has been an influx of research studies focused on the utilization of fluorides...Fluorine owing to its inherently high electronegativity exhibits charge delocalization and ion dissociation capabilities;as a result,there has been an influx of research studies focused on the utilization of fluorides to optimize solid electrolyte interfaces and provide dynamic protection of electrodes to regulate the reaction and function performance of batteries.Nonetheless,the shuttle effect and the sluggish redox reaction kinetics emphasize the potential bottlenecks of lithium-sulfur batteries.Whether fluorine modulation regulate the reaction process of Li-S chemistry?Here,the TiOF/Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene nanoribbons with a tailored F distribution were constructed via an NH4F fluorinated method.Relying on in situ characterizations and electrochemical analysis,the F activates the catalysis function of Ti metal atoms in the consecutive redox reaction.The positive charge of Ti metal sites is increased due to the formation of O-Ti-F bonds based on the Lewis acid-base mechanism,which contributes to the adsorption of polysulfides,provides more nucleation sites and promotes the cleavage of S-S bonds.This facilitates the deposition of Li_(2)S at lower overpotentials.Additionally,fluorine has the capacity to capture electrons originating from Li_(2)S dissolution due to charge compensation mechanisms.The fluorine modulation strategy holds the promise of guiding the construction of fluorine-based catalysts and facilitating the seamless integration of multiple consecutive heterogeneous catalytic processes.展开更多
Objective: There is an ongoing debate about whether the management of gastroenteropancreatic(GEP)neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) should follow the guidelines of small-cell lung cancer(SCLC). We aim to identify the genet...Objective: There is an ongoing debate about whether the management of gastroenteropancreatic(GEP)neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) should follow the guidelines of small-cell lung cancer(SCLC). We aim to identify the genetic differences of GEPNEC and its counterpart.Methods: We recruited GEPNEC patients as the main cohort, with lung NEC and digestive adenocarcinomas as comparative cohorts. All patients undergone next-generation sequencing(NGS). Different gene alterations were compared and analyzed between GEPNEC and lung NEC(LNEC), GEPNEC and adenocarcinoma to yield the remarkable genes.Results: We recruited 257 patients, including 99 GEPNEC, 57 LNEC, and 101 digestive adenocarcinomas.Among the mutations, KRAS, RB1, TERT, IL7R, and CTNNB1 were found to have different gene alterations between GEPNEC and LNEC samples. Specific genes for each site were revealed: gastric NEC(TERT amplification),colorectal NEC(KRAS mutation), and bile tract NEC(ARID1A mutation). The gene disparities between small-cell NEC(SCNEC) and large-cell NEC(LCNEC) were KEAP1 and CDH1. Digestive adenocarcinoma was also compared with GEPNEC and suggested RB1, APC, and KRAS as significant genes. The TP53/RB1 mutation pattern was associated with first-line effectiveness. Putative targetable genes and biomarkers in GEPNEC were identified in22.2% of the patients, and they had longer progression-free survival(PFS) upon targetable treatment [12.5 months vs. 3.0 months, HR=0.40(0.21-0.75), P=0.006].Conclusions: This work demonstrated striking gene distinctions in GEPNEC compared with LNEC and adenocarcinoma and their clinical utility.展开更多
Heat-resistant energetic materials refer to a type of energetic materials that possess a high melting point,high stability and operational safety. By studying the structures of these energetic materials has showed tha...Heat-resistant energetic materials refer to a type of energetic materials that possess a high melting point,high stability and operational safety. By studying the structures of these energetic materials has showed that the thermal stability can be enhanced by introducing amino groups to form intra/inter-molecular hydrogen bonds, constructing conjugate systems and designing symmetrical structures. This article aims to review the physical and chemical properties of ultra-high temperature heat-resistant energetic compounds and provide valuable theoretical insights for the preparation of ultra-high temperature heatresistant energetic materials. We also analyze the selected 20 heat-resistant energetic materials with decomposition temperatures higher than 350℃, serving as templates for the synthesis of various highperformance heat-resistant energetic materials.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the role of class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), thymidylate synthase (TS), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), and excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) in clinical outcome of advanced gastric...Objective: To evaluate the role of class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), thymidylate synthase (TS), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), and excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) in clinical outcome of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving capecitabine plus paclitaxel or cisplatin. Methods: The clinical data and tumor specimens from 57 advanced gastric cancer patients receiving first-line capecitabine plus paclitaxel (cohort 1, n=36) and capecitabine plus cisplatin (cohort 2, n=21) were retrospectively collected, and TUBB3, TS, TP, and ERCC1 expressions were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The associations between expressions of biomarkers and response or survival were analyzed statistically. Results: The median age of 57 patients was 57 years (range: 27–75 years) with 38 males and 19 females. Of all patients, the response rates of patients with high TP, low TP and high TS, low TS expressions were 57.1%, 27.6% (P=0.024), and 55.2%, 28.6% (P=0.042), respectively. Among cohort 1, the response rates and median overall survivals of patients with low and high TUBB3 expressions were 61.1% vs. 33.3% (P=0.095) and 13.8 months vs. 6.6 months (P=0.019), respectively; the response rate (87.5%) of patients with low TUBB3 and high TP expressions was higher than that (14.3%) of patients with high TUBB3 and low TP expressions (P=0.01). Among cohort 2, the response rates of patients with low ERCC1 and high ERCC1 expressions were 45.5% and 20.0% respectively (P=0.361). Conclusion: TUBB3, TS and TP expressions could predict the response of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving capecitabine-based and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. These results will be further confirmed in future large samples.展开更多
Objective: The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2) seems to be influenced by the endocrine environment. Numerous reports demonstrate the diverse expression of Bcl-2 family members under sex steroid regulation. With...Objective: The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2) seems to be influenced by the endocrine environment. Numerous reports demonstrate the diverse expression of Bcl-2 family members under sex steroid regulation. With the exception of estrogen-related tumors, androgen-related tumors have shown their characteristics in Bcl-2 expression. In this study, the status of Bcl-2 expression in male hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients was examined to verify the high incidence of HCC in males.Methods: Tumor tissue microarray was used to examine Bcl-2 expression levels in 374 HCC cases including 306 males and 68 females. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to investigate the predictive value of Bcl-2 in HCC patients.Results: Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that male patients with higher Bcl-2 levels had significantly longer median survival time and recurrence time than those with lower levels. However, no significant differences in outcomes were found between different Bcl-2 levels in female patients. When the male patients were stratified into several age points, the level of Bcl-2expression showed poorer predictive efficiency in the 45–49 and 55–60 age groups in andropause-age patients compared with other age groups. Bcl-2 was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival(P < 0.0001) and recurrence time(P =0.0001) in male patients. After excluding male patients in the 45–60 age group, the predictive efficiency was enhanced(n = 147,OS, P = 0.0002, TTR, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Bcl-2 expression is an independent predictor of survival and recurrence in male HCC. Bcl-2 levels may also be regulated by androgens or androgen receptors in male HCC patients. Bcl-2 levels change and exhibit poor predictive efficiency when androgen levels vary dramatically(andropause age).展开更多
目的:比较双焦点人工晶状体(AtLisa tri 809MP)与三焦点人工晶状体(AtLisa tri 839MP)植入术后矫正老视疗效的差异。方法:纳入于我院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的患者共40例51眼进行分析,其中A组20例25眼植入809MP双焦...目的:比较双焦点人工晶状体(AtLisa tri 809MP)与三焦点人工晶状体(AtLisa tri 839MP)植入术后矫正老视疗效的差异。方法:纳入于我院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的患者共40例51眼进行分析,其中A组20例25眼植入809MP双焦点人工晶状体,B组20例26眼植入839MP三焦点人工晶状体。收集两组患者术后3mo时远中近视力数值、离焦曲线分析,并通过满意度调查问卷进行统计分析。结果:术后3mo两组裸眼远视力与最佳矫正视力均无差异(P>0.05);中距离视力(80cm)B组显著优于A组(P<0.01);近距离视力改善程度A组、B组无差异(P>0.05)。术后3mo离焦曲线结果A组在0、-3D处形成2个波峰;B组在0、-2.5D处形成2个波峰;两组患者术后均有不同程度的眩光、光晕等表现,但总体满意度较高,视近满意度较高。结论:两种类型人工晶状体均可以为患者提供兼顾远、近的全程视力,术后近距离视物脱镜率高,均可提高良好的近距离视力,三焦点人工晶状体中距离视力更好。展开更多
In this paper, based on the basic equations of water flow and heat transfer, the hydrothermal coupling model is established.The numerical model was realized in COMSOL Multiphysics software, and simulation results are ...In this paper, based on the basic equations of water flow and heat transfer, the hydrothermal coupling model is established.The numerical model was realized in COMSOL Multiphysics software, and simulation results are compared with the experimental results of Watanabe and Wake(2008) to verify the effectiveness of the model. Through the calculation, we can obtain the dynamic changes of heat and water fluxes, thermal and hydrological properties, matric potential and temperature gradient in unsaturated freezing soil; and these variables are unmeasurable in practice.展开更多
Objective:Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are relatively rare and heterogeneous malignancies with two major subtypes:low-grade neuroendocrine tumor(NET)and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC).Comprehensive molecula...Objective:Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are relatively rare and heterogeneous malignancies with two major subtypes:low-grade neuroendocrine tumor(NET)and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC).Comprehensive molecular characterization of NENs is needed to refine our understanding of the biological underpinnings of different NEN subtypes and to predict disease progression more accurately.Methods:We performed whole-exome sequencing(WES)of NEN samples from 49 patients(25 NETs and 24 NECs)arising from the stomach,intestines or lung.Clinicopathologic features were assessed and associated with molecular events.Results:NENs generally harbor a low mutation burden,with TP53 being the top mutated gene found in 31%of patients.Consistent with other studies,p53 signaling pathway dysfunction is significantly enriched in NECs compared to NETs(P<0.01).Other than TP53,tissue type-specific mutation profiles of NENs were observed in our cohort compared to those reported in pancreatic NETs.Importantly,we observed significant genomic instability,with increased copy number alterations observed across the NEN genome,which was more profound in NECs and independently correlated with poor overall survival(OS)(P<0.001).NECs could be further stratified into two molecular subtypes based on OS(P<0.001)and the chromosomal instability score(CIS).Interestingly,we discovered that the gain of whole chromosome 5 occurred at the early stage of NEN development,followed by the loss of 5 q exclusively in NECs(P<0.001).Conclusions:These findings provide novel insights into the molecular characteristics of NENs and highlight the association of genomic stability with clinical outcomes.展开更多
Employing RT-PCR amplification method, the mature pepfide coding sequence of glucoamylase （amyA） gene was amplified from total RNA of Talaro- myces emersonii and the xylanase （xyrut） gene from genomic DNA ofPaenib...Employing RT-PCR amplification method, the mature pepfide coding sequence of glucoamylase （amyA） gene was amplified from total RNA of Talaro- myces emersonii and the xylanase （xyrut） gene from genomic DNA ofPaenibacillus sp. H10-3. The result showed that the mature peptide sequence of amyA is 1857 bp long and encodes 618 amino acids; and the mature peptide sequence of xynA is 636 bp long and encodes 211 amino acids. Then these two genes were spliced by overlap extension PCR （ SOE-PCR）, yielding fusion gene amyA-l-xynA. The fusion gene amyA-l-xynA was then cloned into a Pichia pastoris expression vector pPIC9 to produce the recombinant expression plasmid pPIC9-amyA-l-xynA. The recombinant plasmid pPICg-amyA-l-xynA was linearized and transformed into Pichia pastoris GSll5 via electric shock, yielding engineering strain ALX2. The maximum yields of glucoamylase and xylanase in ALX2 fermentation supernatant were determined as 10.7 and 51.8 U/ml, respectively.展开更多
To quickly break through a reinforced concrete wall and meet the damage range requirements of rescuers entering the building,the combined damage characteristics of the reinforced concrete wall caused by EFP penetratio...To quickly break through a reinforced concrete wall and meet the damage range requirements of rescuers entering the building,the combined damage characteristics of the reinforced concrete wall caused by EFP penetration and explosion shock wave were studied.Based on LS-DYNA finite element software and RHT model with modified parameters,a 3D large-scale numerical model was established for simulation analysis,and the rationality of the material model parameters and numerical simulation algorithm were verified.On this basis,the combined damage effect of EFP penetration and explosion shock wave on reinforced concrete wall was studied,the effect of steel bars on the penetration of EFP was highlighted,and the effect of impact positions on the damage of the reinforced concrete wall was also examined.The results reveal that the designed shaped charge can form a crater with a large diameter and high depth on the reinforced concrete wall.The average crater diameter is greater than 67 cm(5.58 times of charge diameter),and crater depth is greater than 22 cm(1.83 times of charge diameter).The failure of the reinforced concrete wall is mainly caused by EFP penetration.When only EFP penetration is considered,the average diameter and depth of the crater are 54.0 cm(4.50 times of charge diameter)and 23.7 cm(1.98 times of charge diameter),respectively.The effect of explosion shock wave on crater depth is not significant,resulting in a slight increase in crater depth.The average crater depth is 24.5 cm(2.04 times of charge diameter)when the explosion shock wave is considered.The effect of explosion shock wave on the crater diameter is obvious,which can aggravate the damage range of the crater,and the effect gradually decreases with the increase of standoff distance.Compared with the results for a plain concrete wall,the crater diameter and crater depth of the reinforced concrete wall are reduced by 5.94%and 9.96%,respectively.Compared to the case in which the steel bar is not hit,when the EFP hit one steel bar and the intersection of two steel bars,the crater diameter decreases by 1.36%and 5.45%respectively,the crater depth decreases by 4.92%and 14.02%respectively.The EFP will be split by steel bar during the penetration process,resulting in an irregular trajectory.展开更多
The shuttle effect derived from diffusion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetic bring about poor cycling stability and low utilization of sulfur,which have always been the key challenging issues fo...The shuttle effect derived from diffusion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetic bring about poor cycling stability and low utilization of sulfur,which have always been the key challenging issues for the commercial application of lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries.Rational design of cathode materials to catalyze Li_(2)S dissociation/nucleation processes is an appealing and valid strategy to develop high-energy practical Li-S batteries.Herein,considering the synergistic effect of bidirectional catalysis on LiPSs conversion and enhanced chemical immobilization for LiPSs by heteroatom doping,Pt nanoparticles loaded on nitrogen-doped carbon spheres(Pt/NCS composites) were constructed as cathode materials.According to the dynamic evolution of Pt catalysts and sulfur species,Pt~0 and Pt^(2+) species were identified as active species for the accelerated dissociation and nucleation of Li_(2)S,respectively.Meanwhile,in-situ Raman results demonstrated the expedited conversion of sulfur species resulted from bidirectional catalysis of active Pt species,corresponding to boosted redox kinetics.Consequently,Pt/NCS cathode exhibited improved long-term cyclability with high initial capacity,along with enhanced rate capability.This work provides a facile approach to construct cathode materials with bidirectional catalysis on Li_(2)S dissociation/nucleation,and sheds light on a more global understanding of the catalytic mechanism of metal catalysts during LiPSs conversion.展开更多
Objective:Currently,pre-treatment prediction of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases(PNELM)receiving surufatinib treatment was unsatisfying.Our objective was to examine the association ...Objective:Currently,pre-treatment prediction of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases(PNELM)receiving surufatinib treatment was unsatisfying.Our objective was to examine the association between radiological characteristics and efficacy/prognosis.Methods:We enrolled patients with liver metastases in the phase III,SANET-p trial(NCT02589821)and obtained contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT)images.Qualitative and quantitative parameters including hepatic tumor margins,lesion volumes,enhancement pattern,localization types,and enhancement ratios were evaluated.The progression-free survival(PFS)and hazard ratio(HR)were calculated using Cox’s proportional hazard model.Efficacy was analyzed by logistic-regression models.Results:Among 152 patients who had baseline CECT assessments and were included in this analysis,the surufatinib group showed statistically superior efficacy in terms of median PFS compared to placebo across various qualitative and quantitative parameters.In the multivariable analysis of patients receiving surufatinib(N=100),those with higher arterial phase standardized enhancement ratio-peri-lesion(ASER-peri)exhibited longer PFS[HR=0.039;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.003−0.483;P=0.012].Furthermore,patients with a high enhancement pattern experienced an improvement in the objective response ratio[31.3%vs.14.7%,odds ratio(OR)=3.488;95%CI:1.024−11.875;P=0.046],and well-defined tumor margins were associated with a higher disease control rate(DCR)(89.3%vs.68.2%,OR=4.535;95%CI:1.285−16.011;P=0.019)compared to poorlydefined margins.Conclusions:These pre-treatment radiological features,namely high ASER-peri,high enhancement pattern,and well-defined tumor margins,have the potential to serve as predictive markers of efficacy in patients with PNELM receiving surufatinib.展开更多
背景与目的气管支气管转移(endotracheal and endobronchial metastases,EEM)在肺癌中罕见,国外文献报道可发生于手术切除后,但国内目前尚未见相关报道,本研究旨在总结和分析肺癌发生EEM的临床特征。方法回顾2015年1月-2018年12月于北...背景与目的气管支气管转移(endotracheal and endobronchial metastases,EEM)在肺癌中罕见,国外文献报道可发生于手术切除后,但国内目前尚未见相关报道,本研究旨在总结和分析肺癌发生EEM的临床特征。方法回顾2015年1月-2018年12月于北京大学第三医院确诊原发性肺癌并行支气管镜的患者,同时检索截至2020年2月Pub Med检索系统中的病例,采集并比较两组患者的临床、病理、影像、支气管镜和预后等资料。结果我院共有6例肺癌伴EEM入选,发生率为0.62%(6/967),均为初诊为肺癌时即伴有EEM。鳞癌4例,腺癌1例,小细胞肺癌1例。Ⅲb期1例,Ⅳ期5例。中央型肺癌5例,周围型1例。EEM在支气管镜下表现为肺癌原发灶之外的气道黏膜结节或息肉性病变5例、局灶性黏膜异常1例。转移至对侧支气管5例,至同侧支气管和气管各1例。中位总生存期为7.5个月。从Pub Med数据库共检索到13例,其中12例为肺癌术后随诊胸部计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)异常继而确诊为EEM。中央型9例,鳞癌8例,EEM在CT上表现为腔内结节10例,气管壁局限增厚2例,支气管镜下均表现为气道黏膜结节或息肉样病变。转移至气管10例,至对侧支气管5例,至同侧支气管1例。结论EEM是原发性肺癌罕见的转移方式,可发生于初诊时,也可发生于术后,多见于晚期中央型鳞癌,预后差。展开更多
目的:比较Tecnis Symfony连续视程人工晶状体与Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体(At Lisa tri 839MP)植入术后患者视觉质量的差异。方法:选取2019-01/2020-12于我院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的患者42例53眼,其中A组22例29眼植入Te...目的:比较Tecnis Symfony连续视程人工晶状体与Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体(At Lisa tri 839MP)植入术后患者视觉质量的差异。方法:选取2019-01/2020-12于我院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的患者42例53眼,其中A组22例29眼植入Tecnis Symfony连续视程人工晶状体,B组20例24眼植入Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体。观察两组患者术后3mo时远中近视力,绘制离焦曲线,并评估生活质量,记录并发症发生情况。结果:术后3mo,两组患者视力均明显改善,两组患者裸眼远(5m)、中(80cm)距离视力及最佳矫正远距离视力(5m)无差异(均P>0.05),但B组患者裸眼中(60cm)、近(40cm)距离视力优于A组(均P<0.05)。术后3mo绘制离焦曲线示A组在+1.0~-2.0D段跨度平稳形成平台期;B组在0、-2.5D处形成两个波峰;0D处两组远视力无显著差异(P>0.05),-2.5、-3.5D处B组近视力显著优于A组(均P<0.01)。两组患者术后脱镜率均在90%以上,均出现不同程度眩光、光晕等光学现象,但生活质量总体满意度较高,A组阅读速度明显高于B组,且夜间视物满意度较高(均P<0.05)。结论:两种类型人工晶状体植入术后脱镜率均在90%以上,可为患者提供兼顾远、中、近的全程视力,Symfony连续视程人工晶状体植入术后流畅阅读及夜间视物满意度较高;Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体植入术后近距离视力更好,更适合近距离工作者。展开更多
Introduction: This study is designed to explore the biomechanical principles of posterior bilateral pedicle screw on steps progressively and tight closure on every step for severe angular kyphosis and the indication c...Introduction: This study is designed to explore the biomechanical principles of posterior bilateral pedicle screw on steps progressively and tight closure on every step for severe angular kyphosis and the indication conditions and clinical pathways of above new technique. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 patients have severe angular kyphosis, 37 males and 53 females, with an average age of 47 years. All patients were treated with posterior bilateral pedicle screw and step tight closure for gradual shortening and orthopedic technology. Results: Average intraoperative blood loss was 2089 ml. Average operation time was 326 minutes. Kyphotic angle changed from 90.1° averagely preoperatively to 41.6° averagely postoperatively with an improvement rate of 65%. The distance from C<sub>7</sub> plumb line to posterior upper edge of the S<sub>1</sub> vertebral body was averagely 5.2 mm postoperatively, with a correction rate of 73%. Neurological complications occurred in 2 cases, accounting for 6%. Non-neurological complications occurred in 2 cases, accounting for 6%. Anatomical parameters were significantly improved postoperatively (P < 0.05). All patients were averagely followed up for 28 months. Segments undergoing osteotomy achieved bone fusion, without loss of orthopedic angle. Conclusions: The orthopedic technology of bilateral pedicle screw and step tight closure designed by human physiology and biomechanical principles can protect spinal cord cells from injury to the utmost. To choose an appropriate osteotomy plane during pre-surgical planning can make the repair results closer to the normal function of the spine. Intraoperative nerve root protection, full release and bone graft fusion are effective safeguards to ensure kyphosis correction and to avoid spine lateral offset.展开更多
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51932005,22072164)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1807175)the Research Fund of Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(Nos.YDZJ202301ZYTS280,YDZJ202201ZYTS305,YDZJ202401316ZYTS).
文摘Fluorine owing to its inherently high electronegativity exhibits charge delocalization and ion dissociation capabilities;as a result,there has been an influx of research studies focused on the utilization of fluorides to optimize solid electrolyte interfaces and provide dynamic protection of electrodes to regulate the reaction and function performance of batteries.Nonetheless,the shuttle effect and the sluggish redox reaction kinetics emphasize the potential bottlenecks of lithium-sulfur batteries.Whether fluorine modulation regulate the reaction process of Li-S chemistry?Here,the TiOF/Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene nanoribbons with a tailored F distribution were constructed via an NH4F fluorinated method.Relying on in situ characterizations and electrochemical analysis,the F activates the catalysis function of Ti metal atoms in the consecutive redox reaction.The positive charge of Ti metal sites is increased due to the formation of O-Ti-F bonds based on the Lewis acid-base mechanism,which contributes to the adsorption of polysulfides,provides more nucleation sites and promotes the cleavage of S-S bonds.This facilitates the deposition of Li_(2)S at lower overpotentials.Additionally,fluorine has the capacity to capture electrons originating from Li_(2)S dissolution due to charge compensation mechanisms.The fluorine modulation strategy holds the promise of guiding the construction of fluorine-based catalysts and facilitating the seamless integration of multiple consecutive heterogeneous catalytic processes.
基金supported by the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91959205)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82141117)+3 种基金The Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (CFH) (No. 2022-2-1023)Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation Ypierrefabre (No. 202101-0099)Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program (No. PX2020045)Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital (No. 2020-4)。
文摘Objective: There is an ongoing debate about whether the management of gastroenteropancreatic(GEP)neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) should follow the guidelines of small-cell lung cancer(SCLC). We aim to identify the genetic differences of GEPNEC and its counterpart.Methods: We recruited GEPNEC patients as the main cohort, with lung NEC and digestive adenocarcinomas as comparative cohorts. All patients undergone next-generation sequencing(NGS). Different gene alterations were compared and analyzed between GEPNEC and lung NEC(LNEC), GEPNEC and adenocarcinoma to yield the remarkable genes.Results: We recruited 257 patients, including 99 GEPNEC, 57 LNEC, and 101 digestive adenocarcinomas.Among the mutations, KRAS, RB1, TERT, IL7R, and CTNNB1 were found to have different gene alterations between GEPNEC and LNEC samples. Specific genes for each site were revealed: gastric NEC(TERT amplification),colorectal NEC(KRAS mutation), and bile tract NEC(ARID1A mutation). The gene disparities between small-cell NEC(SCNEC) and large-cell NEC(LCNEC) were KEAP1 and CDH1. Digestive adenocarcinoma was also compared with GEPNEC and suggested RB1, APC, and KRAS as significant genes. The TP53/RB1 mutation pattern was associated with first-line effectiveness. Putative targetable genes and biomarkers in GEPNEC were identified in22.2% of the patients, and they had longer progression-free survival(PFS) upon targetable treatment [12.5 months vs. 3.0 months, HR=0.40(0.21-0.75), P=0.006].Conclusions: This work demonstrated striking gene distinctions in GEPNEC compared with LNEC and adenocarcinoma and their clinical utility.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21975127,22105102,and 22135003)Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.YESS20210074)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.30921011204)。
文摘Heat-resistant energetic materials refer to a type of energetic materials that possess a high melting point,high stability and operational safety. By studying the structures of these energetic materials has showed that the thermal stability can be enhanced by introducing amino groups to form intra/inter-molecular hydrogen bonds, constructing conjugate systems and designing symmetrical structures. This article aims to review the physical and chemical properties of ultra-high temperature heat-resistant energetic compounds and provide valuable theoretical insights for the preparation of ultra-high temperature heatresistant energetic materials. We also analyze the selected 20 heat-resistant energetic materials with decomposition temperatures higher than 350℃, serving as templates for the synthesis of various highperformance heat-resistant energetic materials.
基金supported by the National "863" High‐Tech Res & Dev Program of China (No. 2006AA02A402)Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission Program "Optimization of pharmacotherapy and individual selection in gastric cancer" (No D101100050010023)
文摘Objective: To evaluate the role of class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), thymidylate synthase (TS), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), and excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) in clinical outcome of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving capecitabine plus paclitaxel or cisplatin. Methods: The clinical data and tumor specimens from 57 advanced gastric cancer patients receiving first-line capecitabine plus paclitaxel (cohort 1, n=36) and capecitabine plus cisplatin (cohort 2, n=21) were retrospectively collected, and TUBB3, TS, TP, and ERCC1 expressions were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The associations between expressions of biomarkers and response or survival were analyzed statistically. Results: The median age of 57 patients was 57 years (range: 27–75 years) with 38 males and 19 females. Of all patients, the response rates of patients with high TP, low TP and high TS, low TS expressions were 57.1%, 27.6% (P=0.024), and 55.2%, 28.6% (P=0.042), respectively. Among cohort 1, the response rates and median overall survivals of patients with low and high TUBB3 expressions were 61.1% vs. 33.3% (P=0.095) and 13.8 months vs. 6.6 months (P=0.019), respectively; the response rate (87.5%) of patients with low TUBB3 and high TP expressions was higher than that (14.3%) of patients with high TUBB3 and low TP expressions (P=0.01). Among cohort 2, the response rates of patients with low ERCC1 and high ERCC1 expressions were 45.5% and 20.0% respectively (P=0.361). Conclusion: TUBB3, TS and TP expressions could predict the response of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving capecitabine-based and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. These results will be further confirmed in future large samples.
文摘Objective: The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2) seems to be influenced by the endocrine environment. Numerous reports demonstrate the diverse expression of Bcl-2 family members under sex steroid regulation. With the exception of estrogen-related tumors, androgen-related tumors have shown their characteristics in Bcl-2 expression. In this study, the status of Bcl-2 expression in male hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients was examined to verify the high incidence of HCC in males.Methods: Tumor tissue microarray was used to examine Bcl-2 expression levels in 374 HCC cases including 306 males and 68 females. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to investigate the predictive value of Bcl-2 in HCC patients.Results: Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that male patients with higher Bcl-2 levels had significantly longer median survival time and recurrence time than those with lower levels. However, no significant differences in outcomes were found between different Bcl-2 levels in female patients. When the male patients were stratified into several age points, the level of Bcl-2expression showed poorer predictive efficiency in the 45–49 and 55–60 age groups in andropause-age patients compared with other age groups. Bcl-2 was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival(P < 0.0001) and recurrence time(P =0.0001) in male patients. After excluding male patients in the 45–60 age group, the predictive efficiency was enhanced(n = 147,OS, P = 0.0002, TTR, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Bcl-2 expression is an independent predictor of survival and recurrence in male HCC. Bcl-2 levels may also be regulated by androgens or androgen receptors in male HCC patients. Bcl-2 levels change and exhibit poor predictive efficiency when androgen levels vary dramatically(andropause age).
文摘目的:比较双焦点人工晶状体(AtLisa tri 809MP)与三焦点人工晶状体(AtLisa tri 839MP)植入术后矫正老视疗效的差异。方法:纳入于我院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的患者共40例51眼进行分析,其中A组20例25眼植入809MP双焦点人工晶状体,B组20例26眼植入839MP三焦点人工晶状体。收集两组患者术后3mo时远中近视力数值、离焦曲线分析,并通过满意度调查问卷进行统计分析。结果:术后3mo两组裸眼远视力与最佳矫正视力均无差异(P>0.05);中距离视力(80cm)B组显著优于A组(P<0.01);近距离视力改善程度A组、B组无差异(P>0.05)。术后3mo离焦曲线结果A组在0、-3D处形成2个波峰;B组在0、-2.5D处形成2个波峰;两组患者术后均有不同程度的眩光、光晕等表现,但总体满意度较高,视近满意度较高。结论:两种类型人工晶状体均可以为患者提供兼顾远、近的全程视力,术后近距离视物脱镜率高,均可提高良好的近距离视力,三焦点人工晶状体中距离视力更好。
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41371092)partially supported by the Scientific Research Starting Foundation for Re turned Overseas Chinese Scholars, Ministry of Educa tion (Grant No. 20100528), China+2 种基金the State Key Labo ratory of Frozen Soil Engineering (SKLFSE201402)the National Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province Office of Education, China (Grant No. 14B170007)and the Doctoral Scientific Fund Project of Henan Polytechnic University (Grant No. 648347)
文摘In this paper, based on the basic equations of water flow and heat transfer, the hydrothermal coupling model is established.The numerical model was realized in COMSOL Multiphysics software, and simulation results are compared with the experimental results of Watanabe and Wake(2008) to verify the effectiveness of the model. Through the calculation, we can obtain the dynamic changes of heat and water fluxes, thermal and hydrological properties, matric potential and temperature gradient in unsaturated freezing soil; and these variables are unmeasurable in practice.
文摘Objective:Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are relatively rare and heterogeneous malignancies with two major subtypes:low-grade neuroendocrine tumor(NET)and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC).Comprehensive molecular characterization of NENs is needed to refine our understanding of the biological underpinnings of different NEN subtypes and to predict disease progression more accurately.Methods:We performed whole-exome sequencing(WES)of NEN samples from 49 patients(25 NETs and 24 NECs)arising from the stomach,intestines or lung.Clinicopathologic features were assessed and associated with molecular events.Results:NENs generally harbor a low mutation burden,with TP53 being the top mutated gene found in 31%of patients.Consistent with other studies,p53 signaling pathway dysfunction is significantly enriched in NECs compared to NETs(P<0.01).Other than TP53,tissue type-specific mutation profiles of NENs were observed in our cohort compared to those reported in pancreatic NETs.Importantly,we observed significant genomic instability,with increased copy number alterations observed across the NEN genome,which was more profound in NECs and independently correlated with poor overall survival(OS)(P<0.001).NECs could be further stratified into two molecular subtypes based on OS(P<0.001)and the chromosomal instability score(CIS).Interestingly,we discovered that the gain of whole chromosome 5 occurred at the early stage of NEN development,followed by the loss of 5 q exclusively in NECs(P<0.001).Conclusions:These findings provide novel insights into the molecular characteristics of NENs and highlight the association of genomic stability with clinical outcomes.
基金Supported by "948" Program of Agriculture Ministry of China(2011-Z09)Integrated Rural Energy Development Project of Agriculture Ministry of China(2130138-018)National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Sectors of Institute of Crop Sciences,CAAS(2060302-13)
文摘Employing RT-PCR amplification method, the mature pepfide coding sequence of glucoamylase （amyA） gene was amplified from total RNA of Talaro- myces emersonii and the xylanase （xyrut） gene from genomic DNA ofPaenibacillus sp. H10-3. The result showed that the mature peptide sequence of amyA is 1857 bp long and encodes 618 amino acids; and the mature peptide sequence of xynA is 636 bp long and encodes 211 amino acids. Then these two genes were spliced by overlap extension PCR （ SOE-PCR）, yielding fusion gene amyA-l-xynA. The fusion gene amyA-l-xynA was then cloned into a Pichia pastoris expression vector pPIC9 to produce the recombinant expression plasmid pPIC9-amyA-l-xynA. The recombinant plasmid pPICg-amyA-l-xynA was linearized and transformed into Pichia pastoris GSll5 via electric shock, yielding engineering strain ALX2. The maximum yields of glucoamylase and xylanase in ALX2 fermentation supernatant were determined as 10.7 and 51.8 U/ml, respectively.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project(Grant No.KYGYZB0019003)。
文摘To quickly break through a reinforced concrete wall and meet the damage range requirements of rescuers entering the building,the combined damage characteristics of the reinforced concrete wall caused by EFP penetration and explosion shock wave were studied.Based on LS-DYNA finite element software and RHT model with modified parameters,a 3D large-scale numerical model was established for simulation analysis,and the rationality of the material model parameters and numerical simulation algorithm were verified.On this basis,the combined damage effect of EFP penetration and explosion shock wave on reinforced concrete wall was studied,the effect of steel bars on the penetration of EFP was highlighted,and the effect of impact positions on the damage of the reinforced concrete wall was also examined.The results reveal that the designed shaped charge can form a crater with a large diameter and high depth on the reinforced concrete wall.The average crater diameter is greater than 67 cm(5.58 times of charge diameter),and crater depth is greater than 22 cm(1.83 times of charge diameter).The failure of the reinforced concrete wall is mainly caused by EFP penetration.When only EFP penetration is considered,the average diameter and depth of the crater are 54.0 cm(4.50 times of charge diameter)and 23.7 cm(1.98 times of charge diameter),respectively.The effect of explosion shock wave on crater depth is not significant,resulting in a slight increase in crater depth.The average crater depth is 24.5 cm(2.04 times of charge diameter)when the explosion shock wave is considered.The effect of explosion shock wave on the crater diameter is obvious,which can aggravate the damage range of the crater,and the effect gradually decreases with the increase of standoff distance.Compared with the results for a plain concrete wall,the crater diameter and crater depth of the reinforced concrete wall are reduced by 5.94%and 9.96%,respectively.Compared to the case in which the steel bar is not hit,when the EFP hit one steel bar and the intersection of two steel bars,the crater diameter decreases by 1.36%and 5.45%respectively,the crater depth decreases by 4.92%and 14.02%respectively.The EFP will be split by steel bar during the penetration process,resulting in an irregular trajectory.
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51932005, 22072164)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1807175)+3 种基金the Research Fund of Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Sciencethe IMR Innovation Fund (2023PY10)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2023-BS-013)the Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department of Jilin Province (JJKH20210453KJ)。
文摘The shuttle effect derived from diffusion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetic bring about poor cycling stability and low utilization of sulfur,which have always been the key challenging issues for the commercial application of lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries.Rational design of cathode materials to catalyze Li_(2)S dissociation/nucleation processes is an appealing and valid strategy to develop high-energy practical Li-S batteries.Herein,considering the synergistic effect of bidirectional catalysis on LiPSs conversion and enhanced chemical immobilization for LiPSs by heteroatom doping,Pt nanoparticles loaded on nitrogen-doped carbon spheres(Pt/NCS composites) were constructed as cathode materials.According to the dynamic evolution of Pt catalysts and sulfur species,Pt~0 and Pt^(2+) species were identified as active species for the accelerated dissociation and nucleation of Li_(2)S,respectively.Meanwhile,in-situ Raman results demonstrated the expedited conversion of sulfur species resulted from bidirectional catalysis of active Pt species,corresponding to boosted redox kinetics.Consequently,Pt/NCS cathode exhibited improved long-term cyclability with high initial capacity,along with enhanced rate capability.This work provides a facile approach to construct cathode materials with bidirectional catalysis on Li_(2)S dissociation/nucleation,and sheds light on a more global understanding of the catalytic mechanism of metal catalysts during LiPSs conversion.
文摘Objective:Currently,pre-treatment prediction of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases(PNELM)receiving surufatinib treatment was unsatisfying.Our objective was to examine the association between radiological characteristics and efficacy/prognosis.Methods:We enrolled patients with liver metastases in the phase III,SANET-p trial(NCT02589821)and obtained contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT)images.Qualitative and quantitative parameters including hepatic tumor margins,lesion volumes,enhancement pattern,localization types,and enhancement ratios were evaluated.The progression-free survival(PFS)and hazard ratio(HR)were calculated using Cox’s proportional hazard model.Efficacy was analyzed by logistic-regression models.Results:Among 152 patients who had baseline CECT assessments and were included in this analysis,the surufatinib group showed statistically superior efficacy in terms of median PFS compared to placebo across various qualitative and quantitative parameters.In the multivariable analysis of patients receiving surufatinib(N=100),those with higher arterial phase standardized enhancement ratio-peri-lesion(ASER-peri)exhibited longer PFS[HR=0.039;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.003−0.483;P=0.012].Furthermore,patients with a high enhancement pattern experienced an improvement in the objective response ratio[31.3%vs.14.7%,odds ratio(OR)=3.488;95%CI:1.024−11.875;P=0.046],and well-defined tumor margins were associated with a higher disease control rate(DCR)(89.3%vs.68.2%,OR=4.535;95%CI:1.285−16.011;P=0.019)compared to poorlydefined margins.Conclusions:These pre-treatment radiological features,namely high ASER-peri,high enhancement pattern,and well-defined tumor margins,have the potential to serve as predictive markers of efficacy in patients with PNELM receiving surufatinib.
文摘目的:比较Tecnis Symfony连续视程人工晶状体与Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体(At Lisa tri 839MP)植入术后患者视觉质量的差异。方法:选取2019-01/2020-12于我院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的患者42例53眼,其中A组22例29眼植入Tecnis Symfony连续视程人工晶状体,B组20例24眼植入Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体。观察两组患者术后3mo时远中近视力,绘制离焦曲线,并评估生活质量,记录并发症发生情况。结果:术后3mo,两组患者视力均明显改善,两组患者裸眼远(5m)、中(80cm)距离视力及最佳矫正远距离视力(5m)无差异(均P>0.05),但B组患者裸眼中(60cm)、近(40cm)距离视力优于A组(均P<0.05)。术后3mo绘制离焦曲线示A组在+1.0~-2.0D段跨度平稳形成平台期;B组在0、-2.5D处形成两个波峰;0D处两组远视力无显著差异(P>0.05),-2.5、-3.5D处B组近视力显著优于A组(均P<0.01)。两组患者术后脱镜率均在90%以上,均出现不同程度眩光、光晕等光学现象,但生活质量总体满意度较高,A组阅读速度明显高于B组,且夜间视物满意度较高(均P<0.05)。结论:两种类型人工晶状体植入术后脱镜率均在90%以上,可为患者提供兼顾远、中、近的全程视力,Symfony连续视程人工晶状体植入术后流畅阅读及夜间视物满意度较高;Zeiss三焦点人工晶状体植入术后近距离视力更好,更适合近距离工作者。
文摘Introduction: This study is designed to explore the biomechanical principles of posterior bilateral pedicle screw on steps progressively and tight closure on every step for severe angular kyphosis and the indication conditions and clinical pathways of above new technique. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 patients have severe angular kyphosis, 37 males and 53 females, with an average age of 47 years. All patients were treated with posterior bilateral pedicle screw and step tight closure for gradual shortening and orthopedic technology. Results: Average intraoperative blood loss was 2089 ml. Average operation time was 326 minutes. Kyphotic angle changed from 90.1° averagely preoperatively to 41.6° averagely postoperatively with an improvement rate of 65%. The distance from C<sub>7</sub> plumb line to posterior upper edge of the S<sub>1</sub> vertebral body was averagely 5.2 mm postoperatively, with a correction rate of 73%. Neurological complications occurred in 2 cases, accounting for 6%. Non-neurological complications occurred in 2 cases, accounting for 6%. Anatomical parameters were significantly improved postoperatively (P < 0.05). All patients were averagely followed up for 28 months. Segments undergoing osteotomy achieved bone fusion, without loss of orthopedic angle. Conclusions: The orthopedic technology of bilateral pedicle screw and step tight closure designed by human physiology and biomechanical principles can protect spinal cord cells from injury to the utmost. To choose an appropriate osteotomy plane during pre-surgical planning can make the repair results closer to the normal function of the spine. Intraoperative nerve root protection, full release and bone graft fusion are effective safeguards to ensure kyphosis correction and to avoid spine lateral offset.
