Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions an...Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions and inefficient “rocking-chair” ion migration. To address these limitations, we present an electrochemical artificial yarn muscle design driven by a dual-ion co-regulation system. By utilizing two reaction channels, this system shortens ion migration pathways, leading to faster and more efficient actuation. During the charging/discharging process, PF_6~- ions react with carbon nanotube yarn, while Li~+ ions react with an Al foil. The intercalation reaction between PF_6~- and collapsed carbon nanotubes allows the yarn muscle to achieve an energy-free high-tension catch state. The dual-ion coordinated yarn muscles exhibit superior contractile stroke, maximum contractile rate, and maximum power densities, exceeding those of “rocking-chair” type ion migration yarn muscles. The dual-ion co-regulation system enhances the ion migration rate during actuation, resulting in improved performance. Moreover, the yarn muscles can withstand high levels of isometric stress, displaying a stress of 61 times that of skeletal muscles and 8 times that of “rocking-chair” type yarn muscles at higher frequencies. This technology holds significant potential for various applications, including prosthetics and robotics.展开更多
Background: Complete lymph node dissection(CLND) for patients with melanoma remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the prognoses and complications between the CLND and control groups(patients who r...Background: Complete lymph node dissection(CLND) for patients with melanoma remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the prognoses and complications between the CLND and control groups(patients who receive adjuvant treatment or observation only) in patients with sentinel lymph node(SLN)-positive melanoma.Methods: The Pub Med, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were searched for cohort studies and randomized clinical trials(RCTs) conducted between 1964 and 2022, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Hazard ratios(HR) or risk ratios(RR) with 95%confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated for each outcome. Heterogeneity and sensitivity tests were also conducted, and publication bias tests were performed when the pooled number of studies was >10.Results: Fifteen studies, including 11 cohort studies and 4 RCTs, were enrolled and assessed for quality. Analysis of overall survival showed no significant difference between the CLND and control groups(HR=1.02, 95% CI:0.69–1.51, P=0.922). Similarly, recurrence-free survival(HR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.6–1.16, P=0.287), disease-free survival(HR=1.06, 95% CI: 0.65–1.72, P=0.82), and disease-specific survival(HR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.59–1.21,P=0.355) showed no difference between the two groups. CLND did not reduce the risk of recurrence(RR=0.98,95% CI: 0.8–1.2, P=0.851).Conclusion: Remarkably, patients who underwent CLND were more likely to have complications such as flap necrosis and lymphedema than the controls. CLND does not improve patient prognosis and may increase the incidence of complications.展开更多
Combinations of biomaterials and cells can effectively target delivery of cells or other therapeutic factors to the brain to rebuild damaged nerve pathways after brain injury.Porous collagen-chitosan scaffolds were pr...Combinations of biomaterials and cells can effectively target delivery of cells or other therapeutic factors to the brain to rebuild damaged nerve pathways after brain injury.Porous collagen-chitosan scaffolds were prepared by a freeze-drying method based on brain tissue engineering.The scaffolds were impregnated with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.A traumatic brain injury rat model was established using the 300 g weight free fall impact method.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells/collagen-chitosan scaffolds were implanted into the injured brain.Modified neurological severity scores were used to assess the recovery of neurological function.The Morris water maze was employed to determine spatial learning and memory abilities.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to measure pathological changes in brain tissue.Immunohistochemistry was performed for vascular endothelial growth factor and for 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine(BrdU)/neuron specific enolase and BrdU/glial fibrillary acidic protein.Our results demonstrated that the transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and collagen-chitosan scaffolds to traumatic brain injury rats remarkably reduced modified neurological severity scores,shortened the average latency of the Morris water maze,increased the number of platform crossings,diminished the degeneration of damaged brain tissue,and increased the positive reaction of vascular endothelial growth factor in the transplantation and surrounding areas.At 14 days after transplantation,increased BrdU/glial fibrillary acidic protein expression and decreased BrdU/neuron specific enolase expression were observed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the injured area.The therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and collagen-chitosan scaffolds was superior to stereotactic injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alone.To test the biocompatibility and immunogenicity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and collagen-chitosan scaffolds,immunosuppressive cyclosporine was intravenously injected 12 hours before transplantation and 1-5 days after transplantation.The above indicators were similar to those of rats treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and collagen-chitosan scaffolds only.These findings indicate that transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a collagen-chitosan scaffold can promote the recovery of neuropathological injury in rats with traumatic brain injury.This approach has the potential to be developed as a treatment for traumatic brain injury in humans.All experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Investigation Committee of Capital Medical University,China(approval No.AEEI-2015-035)in December 2015.展开更多
Chitosan, collagen I and gelatin were mixed in appropriate quantities to develop a new nerve repair material, with good arrangement and structure, as well as even aperture size. The composite material was sterilized b...Chitosan, collagen I and gelatin were mixed in appropriate quantities to develop a new nerve repair material, with good arrangement and structure, as well as even aperture size. The composite material was sterilized by 60Co irradiation for 24 hours prior to implantation in the right thigh of rats following sciatic nerve damage. Results showed that the material was nontoxic to the kidneys and the liver, and did not induce an inflammatory response in the muscles. The composite material enhanced the recovery of sciatic nerve damage in rats. These experimental findings indicate that the composite material offers good biocompatibility and has a positive effect on injured nerve rehabilitation.展开更多
Background:The prevalence,morbidity and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is very high,so it has become a public health problem.The early stage of COPD has been paid much attention before it deve...Background:The prevalence,morbidity and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is very high,so it has become a public health problem.The early stage of COPD has been paid much attention before it develops severely.As well,traditional Chinese medicine has some advantages in relieving symptoms and reducing the incidence of COPD exacerbations.Methods:A practical randomized controlled trial will be designed to test the clinical effects of traditional Chinese medicine treatment according to syndrome differentiation.A total of 80 patients with mild/moderate COPD will participate in this study,40 in the treatment group and 40 in the control group.On the basis of the lifestyle intervention,traditional Chinese medicine formula granules for treatment group and the placebo simulation of traditional Chinese medicine granules for control group.The exacerbation and the improvement of pulmonary function will be used as the primary outcome measures.The improvement of clinical symptoms and signs,the quality of life and Dyspnea will be used as the secondary outcomes measures.Conclusion:We assume that the COPD patients will be benefit from therapy with Traditional Chinese medicine treatment.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of Xin-Nao-Xue-Mai-Ning(XNXMN)on hypothyroidism in SD rats and explore the effect of IRE1-XBP1 signaling pathway on hypothyroidism in rats,and to analyze the possible mechanism of X...Objective:To investigate the effect of Xin-Nao-Xue-Mai-Ning(XNXMN)on hypothyroidism in SD rats and explore the effect of IRE1-XBP1 signaling pathway on hypothyroidism in rats,and to analyze the possible mechanism of XNXMN in the treatment of hypothyroidism.Method:Twenty-four male SD rats were given a 0.1%concentration of propylthiouracil(PTU)solution by gavage every day to establish a hypothyroidism animal model.After the completion of the model building,intervention with XNXMN.Observe the general conditions of rats,serum triiodothyronine(T3),tetraiodothyronine(T4),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)levels,X box binding protein 1(XBP-1)protein expression level,and perform statistical analysis.Results:XNXMN can improve the general condition of hypothyroidism rats,reduce serum TSH,increase T3,T4 and reduce the expression of XBP1 protein in thyroid endoplasmic reticulum.Conclusion:XNXMN can improve the symptoms of hypothyroidism rats and has the effect of treating hypothyroidism.Its mechanism of action may be related to the expression of IRE1-XBP1 signaling pathway proteins that regulate the unfolded protein pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum.展开更多
Objective To identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for primary melanoma using network-based microarray data analysis.Methods Eligible microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database were ...Objective To identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for primary melanoma using network-based microarray data analysis.Methods Eligible microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database were used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs).The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,Gene Ontology(GO),and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify hub genes and pathways that might affect the survival of melanoma patients.Immunohistochemistry results obtained from the Human Protein Atlas(HPA)database confirmed the protein expression levels of hub genes.The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database was used to further verify the gene expression levels and conduct survival analysis.Results Three microarray datasets(GSE3189,GSE15605,and GSE46517)containing 122 melanoma and 30 normal skin tissue samples were included.A total of 262 common differentially expressed genes(cDEGs)were identified based on three statistical approaches(Fisher’s method,the random effects model(REM),and vote counting)with strict criteria.Of these,two upregulated genes,centromere protein F(CENPF)and pituitary tumortransforming gene 1(PTTG1),were selected as hub genes.HPA and TCGA database analyses confirmed that CENPF and PTTG1 were overexpressed in melanoma.Survival analysis showed that high expression levels of CENPF were significantly correlated with decreased overall survival(OS)(P=0.028).Conclusion The expression level of CENPF was significantly upregulated in melanoma and correlated with decreased OS.Thus,CENPF may represent a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma patients.展开更多
Soft electrochemical actuators that can generate mechanical motions in response to electrical stimuli can be used as artificial muscles in microscale robots.The electrode materials are the key component of the electro...Soft electrochemical actuators that can generate mechanical motions in response to electrical stimuli can be used as artificial muscles in microscale robots.The electrode materials are the key component of the electrochemical actuator because they limit the ion diffusion and accumulation processes and thus affect the deformation in fast response-time and potential engineering applications.Low-dimensional materials,such as one-dimensional(1D)CNT and two-dimensional(2D)vertically stood WS_(2),are great electrode due to their good electrochemical stability and high surface-to-volume ratios,but show limited performances when being used on their own in the actuators because of low reconstruction or low conductivity.A combination of 1D CNT and 2D WS_(2)could form a heterojunction with both high electrochemical activity and great mechanical stability.Herein,by depositing highly disordered graphene nanosheets(HDGNs)on CNT films and then WS_(2)on the formed low-dimensional nanocarbon film,a hybrid WS_(2)/HDGN/CNT film was synthesized through a multistep CVD method.Vertically grown WS_(2)nanosheets were achieved by taking advantage of HDGNs which limits CNTs sliding.So,the volume expansion caused by the transition from WO_(3)to WS-2can force the vertical growth of WS_(2).This hybrid film shows excellent electrochemical properties,such as high specific capacitance and high rate performance.Soft actuators based on the WS_(2)/HDGN/CNT films show good actuating performance,including stability and reconfigurability.展开更多
Artificial muscle fibers driven electrothermally with excellent properties of response,stroke,and work capacity are expected to serve in some intelligent structures and systems.However,muscle fibers that operate in su...Artificial muscle fibers driven electrothermally with excellent properties of response,stroke,and work capacity are expected to serve in some intelligent structures and systems.However,muscle fibers that operate in subzero environments are highly needed in industrial production and aerospace applications but remain challenging.Herein,we reported a coaxial artificial muscle fiber by electrospinning a sheath of polycaprolactone(PCL)nanofibers on the surface of a carbon nanotube(CNT)fiber core,achieving the actuation in response to thermal at subzero temperatures.The CNT@PCL coaxial muscle fiber under 0.3 MPa achieved a maximum contractile stroke of~18%as the temperature changed from−130℃ to 45℃.The actuation mechanism at subzero temperatures of this muscle fiber was analyzed in combination with the temperature-deformation schematic curve of different polymers.Furthermore,a temperature sensor based on this muscle fiber was developed,due to the excellent linear relationship between the contraction and temperature.A 3D-printed prosthetic arm was designed to further exhibit the application demonstrations of this muscle fiber in subzero environments.This work provides new insights into artificial muscle fibers for serving in extreme environments with ultralow temperatures.展开更多
With the development of computer hardware and the growth of clinical database,tremendous progress has been made in the application of deep learning to electrocardiographic data,which provides new ideas for the ex vivo...With the development of computer hardware and the growth of clinical database,tremendous progress has been made in the application of deep learning to electrocardiographic data,which provides new ideas for the ex vivo cardiac electrical mapping of atrial fibrillation(AF)substrates.The AF mechanism and current status of AF substrate research are first summarized.Then,the advantages and limitations of cardiac electrophysiological mapping techniques are analyzed.Finally,the application of deep learning to electrocardiogram(ECG)data is reviewed,the problems with the ex vivo intelligent labeling of an AF substrate and the possible solutions are discussed,an outlook on future development is provided.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Few studies have investigated the ef- fects produced by combinations of polysaccharides and chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. We hypothesized that a combination of polysaccha- rides （COP） from ...OBJECTIVE： Few studies have investigated the ef- fects produced by combinations of polysaccharides and chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. We hypothesized that a combination of polysaccha- rides （COP） from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake would improve the efficacy of 5-fluoro- uracil （5-FU）-mediated inhibition of H22 cell growth. METHODS： Mice were injected H22 cells and then treated with either 5-FU, polysaccharides from Tri- choloma matsutake （PTM）, polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes （PL）, PTM ＋ PL, 5-FU ＋ PTM, 5-FU ＋ PL, or 5-FU ＋ COR The tumor weight and volume, and splenic CD4 ＋ and CD8 ＋ T cell frequencies, were determined. Additionally, splenic natural killer （NK） cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） activities were assessed and the serum levels of tumor necro- sis factor-a （TNF-a）, Interleukin-2 （IL-2）, and Interfer- on-y （IFN-y） were measured. RESULTS： Compared with mice from the control,5-FU, PL, PTM, PTM ＋ PL, 5-FU ＋ PL, and 5-FU ＋ PTM groups, mice treated with 5-FU ＋ COP showed： （a） significantly reduced tumor weight and volume （P〈 0.05）, （b） significantly higher serum levels of TNF-α, IL-2, and IFN-y （P〈0.05）, （c） significantly increased CD4＋ and CD8＋ 1 cell frequencies in the spleen （P〈 0.05）, and （d） significantly increased splenic NK cell and CTL activities （P〈0.05）. The tumor weight and volume in mice treated with 5-FU＋PL or 5-FU＋PTM were significantly reduced compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone （P〈0.05）. Serum levels of TNF-α, 11.-2, and IFN-y, frequencies of CD4 ＋ and CD8＋ T cells in the spleen, and splenic NK and CTL activities were also significantly increased in mice treated with 5-FU＋PL or 5-FU＋PTM compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： Polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake could enhance the efficacy of 5-FU-mediated H22 cell growth inhi- bition.展开更多
As a non‐contact temperature distribution measurement method,infrared thermography(IRT)has emerged as an indispensable tool in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of electrical equipment based on the absolute an...As a non‐contact temperature distribution measurement method,infrared thermography(IRT)has emerged as an indispensable tool in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of electrical equipment based on the absolute and relative temperature values.Manual fault inspection,as an expert‐experiences based evaluation method,has formed a mature technical scheme with a large number of application cases.However,the efficiency and accuracy of manual fault inspection are being challenged by the rapid growth in the number of equipment in power grid.The situation is improving with the advanced of image processing technique.Machine‐assisted fault diagnosis provides a novel method to assist human beings to complete fault diagnosis under the intervention of human prior knowledge.However,the limitations of infrared images bring challenges to image analysis processing especially target detection.In pursuit of automatic fault diagnosis,deep learning algorithms are introduced to achieve target detection in the complex environment.This study reviews the development of IRT‐based diagnostics beginning with the general procedures,objects,and limitations of IRT‐based fault inspection,and then gives an insight into the popular machine‐assisted fault diagnosis as well as image‐based intelligent fault identification.In addition,the future recommendations of IRT are also provided from construction of intelligent infrared detection system,establishment of an open and shared infrared image database and comprehensive utilization of joint visualization diagnosis technology.展开更多
Today the developed yarn muscles or actuators still cannot satisfy the requirements of working in high-temperature environ-ments.Thermal resistivity is highly needed in aerospace and industrial protection applications...Today the developed yarn muscles or actuators still cannot satisfy the requirements of working in high-temperature environ-ments.Thermal resistivity is highly needed in aerospace and industrial protection applications.Herein,an artificial muscle with high-temperature tolerance is prepared using carbon nanotube(CNT)wrapped poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole)(PBO)composite yarns.A thermal twisting method was utilized to reorientate the stiff PBO molecular chains into a uniform and twist-stable coiled structure.The CNT/PBO composite yarn muscle generates reversible contractile strokes up to 18.9%under 5.4 MPa tension and outputs 1.3 kJ kg^(-1) energy density.In contrast to previous actuators,which are normally oper-ated at room temperatures,the CNT/PBO composite yarn muscles can work at ambient temperatures up to 300℃ with high contractile stroke and long-term stability.A bionic inchworm robot,a deployable structure,and smart textiles driven by the high-temperature-tolerant yarn muscles were demonstrated,showing the promise as a soft actuator towards high-temperature environment applications.展开更多
Rapid, accurate and sensitive detection of particular DNA sequence is critical in fundamental biomedical research and clinical diagnostics. However, conventional approaches for DNA assay often suffer from cumbersome p...Rapid, accurate and sensitive detection of particular DNA sequence is critical in fundamental biomedical research and clinical diagnostics. However, conventional approaches for DNA assay often suffer from cumbersome procedures, long analysis time and insufficient sensitivity. Recently, single-particle detection technology has emerged as a powerful tool in the biosensing area due to its significant advantages of ultrahigh sensitivity, low sample-consumption and rapid analysis time. Especially, the introduction of novel nanomaterials has greatly promoted the development of single-particle detection and its applications for DNA sensing. In this review, we summarize the recent advance in single-particle detection strategies for DNA sensing, and focus mainly on metallic nanoparticle-and semiconductor quantum dot-based single-particle detection. We highlight the emerging trends in this field as well.展开更多
To the Editor：Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 （SCA5） is a rare autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia.Mutations in the spectrin beta nonerythrocytic 2 gene （SPTBN2） are known to cause SCA5,six of which have been...To the Editor：Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 （SCA5） is a rare autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia.Mutations in the spectrin beta nonerythrocytic 2 gene （SPTBN2） are known to cause SCA5,six of which have been reported,including three missense mutations and three deletion mutations.展开更多
基金financial support obtained from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFB1312900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21975281)+1 种基金Key Research Project of Zhejiang lab (No. K2022NB0AC04)Jiangxi Double Thousand Talent Program (No. jxsq2020101008)。
文摘Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions and inefficient “rocking-chair” ion migration. To address these limitations, we present an electrochemical artificial yarn muscle design driven by a dual-ion co-regulation system. By utilizing two reaction channels, this system shortens ion migration pathways, leading to faster and more efficient actuation. During the charging/discharging process, PF_6~- ions react with carbon nanotube yarn, while Li~+ ions react with an Al foil. The intercalation reaction between PF_6~- and collapsed carbon nanotubes allows the yarn muscle to achieve an energy-free high-tension catch state. The dual-ion coordinated yarn muscles exhibit superior contractile stroke, maximum contractile rate, and maximum power densities, exceeding those of “rocking-chair” type ion migration yarn muscles. The dual-ion co-regulation system enhances the ion migration rate during actuation, resulting in improved performance. Moreover, the yarn muscles can withstand high levels of isometric stress, displaying a stress of 61 times that of skeletal muscles and 8 times that of “rocking-chair” type yarn muscles at higher frequencies. This technology holds significant potential for various applications, including prosthetics and robotics.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.82203528,81972559,and 82272891)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant nos.2022M710769 and 2022TQ0072)+2 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program(grant no.22YF1407400)National Key R&D Program of China(grant no.2019YFC1315902)Youth Fund of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University(grant no.LCBSHZX003).
文摘Background: Complete lymph node dissection(CLND) for patients with melanoma remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the prognoses and complications between the CLND and control groups(patients who receive adjuvant treatment or observation only) in patients with sentinel lymph node(SLN)-positive melanoma.Methods: The Pub Med, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were searched for cohort studies and randomized clinical trials(RCTs) conducted between 1964 and 2022, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Hazard ratios(HR) or risk ratios(RR) with 95%confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated for each outcome. Heterogeneity and sensitivity tests were also conducted, and publication bias tests were performed when the pooled number of studies was >10.Results: Fifteen studies, including 11 cohort studies and 4 RCTs, were enrolled and assessed for quality. Analysis of overall survival showed no significant difference between the CLND and control groups(HR=1.02, 95% CI:0.69–1.51, P=0.922). Similarly, recurrence-free survival(HR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.6–1.16, P=0.287), disease-free survival(HR=1.06, 95% CI: 0.65–1.72, P=0.82), and disease-specific survival(HR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.59–1.21,P=0.355) showed no difference between the two groups. CLND did not reduce the risk of recurrence(RR=0.98,95% CI: 0.8–1.2, P=0.851).Conclusion: Remarkably, patients who underwent CLND were more likely to have complications such as flap necrosis and lymphedema than the controls. CLND does not improve patient prognosis and may increase the incidence of complications.
基金financially supported by the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of Beijing of China,No.2017-ZZ-120(to FY)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing of China,No.2164073(to ML)the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals’ Youth Plan of China,No.QML20180804(to ML)
文摘Combinations of biomaterials and cells can effectively target delivery of cells or other therapeutic factors to the brain to rebuild damaged nerve pathways after brain injury.Porous collagen-chitosan scaffolds were prepared by a freeze-drying method based on brain tissue engineering.The scaffolds were impregnated with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.A traumatic brain injury rat model was established using the 300 g weight free fall impact method.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells/collagen-chitosan scaffolds were implanted into the injured brain.Modified neurological severity scores were used to assess the recovery of neurological function.The Morris water maze was employed to determine spatial learning and memory abilities.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to measure pathological changes in brain tissue.Immunohistochemistry was performed for vascular endothelial growth factor and for 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine(BrdU)/neuron specific enolase and BrdU/glial fibrillary acidic protein.Our results demonstrated that the transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and collagen-chitosan scaffolds to traumatic brain injury rats remarkably reduced modified neurological severity scores,shortened the average latency of the Morris water maze,increased the number of platform crossings,diminished the degeneration of damaged brain tissue,and increased the positive reaction of vascular endothelial growth factor in the transplantation and surrounding areas.At 14 days after transplantation,increased BrdU/glial fibrillary acidic protein expression and decreased BrdU/neuron specific enolase expression were observed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the injured area.The therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and collagen-chitosan scaffolds was superior to stereotactic injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells alone.To test the biocompatibility and immunogenicity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and collagen-chitosan scaffolds,immunosuppressive cyclosporine was intravenously injected 12 hours before transplantation and 1-5 days after transplantation.The above indicators were similar to those of rats treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and collagen-chitosan scaffolds only.These findings indicate that transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a collagen-chitosan scaffold can promote the recovery of neuropathological injury in rats with traumatic brain injury.This approach has the potential to be developed as a treatment for traumatic brain injury in humans.All experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Investigation Committee of Capital Medical University,China(approval No.AEEI-2015-035)in December 2015.
基金supported by the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province, China, No. 20070417
文摘Chitosan, collagen I and gelatin were mixed in appropriate quantities to develop a new nerve repair material, with good arrangement and structure, as well as even aperture size. The composite material was sterilized by 60Co irradiation for 24 hours prior to implantation in the right thigh of rats following sciatic nerve damage. Results showed that the material was nontoxic to the kidneys and the liver, and did not induce an inflammatory response in the muscles. The composite material enhanced the recovery of sciatic nerve damage in rats. These experimental findings indicate that the composite material offers good biocompatibility and has a positive effect on injured nerve rehabilitation.
文摘Background:The prevalence,morbidity and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is very high,so it has become a public health problem.The early stage of COPD has been paid much attention before it develops severely.As well,traditional Chinese medicine has some advantages in relieving symptoms and reducing the incidence of COPD exacerbations.Methods:A practical randomized controlled trial will be designed to test the clinical effects of traditional Chinese medicine treatment according to syndrome differentiation.A total of 80 patients with mild/moderate COPD will participate in this study,40 in the treatment group and 40 in the control group.On the basis of the lifestyle intervention,traditional Chinese medicine formula granules for treatment group and the placebo simulation of traditional Chinese medicine granules for control group.The exacerbation and the improvement of pulmonary function will be used as the primary outcome measures.The improvement of clinical symptoms and signs,the quality of life and Dyspnea will be used as the secondary outcomes measures.Conclusion:We assume that the COPD patients will be benefit from therapy with Traditional Chinese medicine treatment.
基金This research was supported by the Tianjin Health Commission,Tianjin Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Traditional Chinese Medicine,and Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Scientific Research Projects(No.2019036).
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of Xin-Nao-Xue-Mai-Ning(XNXMN)on hypothyroidism in SD rats and explore the effect of IRE1-XBP1 signaling pathway on hypothyroidism in rats,and to analyze the possible mechanism of XNXMN in the treatment of hypothyroidism.Method:Twenty-four male SD rats were given a 0.1%concentration of propylthiouracil(PTU)solution by gavage every day to establish a hypothyroidism animal model.After the completion of the model building,intervention with XNXMN.Observe the general conditions of rats,serum triiodothyronine(T3),tetraiodothyronine(T4),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)levels,X box binding protein 1(XBP-1)protein expression level,and perform statistical analysis.Results:XNXMN can improve the general condition of hypothyroidism rats,reduce serum TSH,increase T3,T4 and reduce the expression of XBP1 protein in thyroid endoplasmic reticulum.Conclusion:XNXMN can improve the symptoms of hypothyroidism rats and has the effect of treating hypothyroidism.Its mechanism of action may be related to the expression of IRE1-XBP1 signaling pathway proteins that regulate the unfolded protein pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum.
基金This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.81972559)and the Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center Project(project no.HDC2020CR2067B).
文摘Objective To identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for primary melanoma using network-based microarray data analysis.Methods Eligible microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database were used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs).The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,Gene Ontology(GO),and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify hub genes and pathways that might affect the survival of melanoma patients.Immunohistochemistry results obtained from the Human Protein Atlas(HPA)database confirmed the protein expression levels of hub genes.The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database was used to further verify the gene expression levels and conduct survival analysis.Results Three microarray datasets(GSE3189,GSE15605,and GSE46517)containing 122 melanoma and 30 normal skin tissue samples were included.A total of 262 common differentially expressed genes(cDEGs)were identified based on three statistical approaches(Fisher’s method,the random effects model(REM),and vote counting)with strict criteria.Of these,two upregulated genes,centromere protein F(CENPF)and pituitary tumortransforming gene 1(PTTG1),were selected as hub genes.HPA and TCGA database analyses confirmed that CENPF and PTTG1 were overexpressed in melanoma.Survival analysis showed that high expression levels of CENPF were significantly correlated with decreased overall survival(OS)(P=0.028).Conclusion The expression level of CENPF was significantly upregulated in melanoma and correlated with decreased OS.Thus,CENPF may represent a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma patients.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21975281 and 21773293)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFB1312902)。
文摘Soft electrochemical actuators that can generate mechanical motions in response to electrical stimuli can be used as artificial muscles in microscale robots.The electrode materials are the key component of the electrochemical actuator because they limit the ion diffusion and accumulation processes and thus affect the deformation in fast response-time and potential engineering applications.Low-dimensional materials,such as one-dimensional(1D)CNT and two-dimensional(2D)vertically stood WS_(2),are great electrode due to their good electrochemical stability and high surface-to-volume ratios,but show limited performances when being used on their own in the actuators because of low reconstruction or low conductivity.A combination of 1D CNT and 2D WS_(2)could form a heterojunction with both high electrochemical activity and great mechanical stability.Herein,by depositing highly disordered graphene nanosheets(HDGNs)on CNT films and then WS_(2)on the formed low-dimensional nanocarbon film,a hybrid WS_(2)/HDGN/CNT film was synthesized through a multistep CVD method.Vertically grown WS_(2)nanosheets were achieved by taking advantage of HDGNs which limits CNTs sliding.So,the volume expansion caused by the transition from WO_(3)to WS-2can force the vertical growth of WS_(2).This hybrid film shows excellent electrochemical properties,such as high specific capacitance and high rate performance.Soft actuators based on the WS_(2)/HDGN/CNT films show good actuating performance,including stability and reconfigurability.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial support obtained from Key Research Project of Zhejiang lab(No.K2022NB0AC04)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1312900)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975281)Jiangxi Double Thousand Talent Program(No.jxsq2020101008)。
文摘Artificial muscle fibers driven electrothermally with excellent properties of response,stroke,and work capacity are expected to serve in some intelligent structures and systems.However,muscle fibers that operate in subzero environments are highly needed in industrial production and aerospace applications but remain challenging.Herein,we reported a coaxial artificial muscle fiber by electrospinning a sheath of polycaprolactone(PCL)nanofibers on the surface of a carbon nanotube(CNT)fiber core,achieving the actuation in response to thermal at subzero temperatures.The CNT@PCL coaxial muscle fiber under 0.3 MPa achieved a maximum contractile stroke of~18%as the temperature changed from−130℃ to 45℃.The actuation mechanism at subzero temperatures of this muscle fiber was analyzed in combination with the temperature-deformation schematic curve of different polymers.Furthermore,a temperature sensor based on this muscle fiber was developed,due to the excellent linear relationship between the contraction and temperature.A 3D-printed prosthetic arm was designed to further exhibit the application demonstrations of this muscle fiber in subzero environments.This work provides new insights into artificial muscle fibers for serving in extreme environments with ultralow temperatures.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62176208.
文摘With the development of computer hardware and the growth of clinical database,tremendous progress has been made in the application of deep learning to electrocardiographic data,which provides new ideas for the ex vivo cardiac electrical mapping of atrial fibrillation(AF)substrates.The AF mechanism and current status of AF substrate research are first summarized.Then,the advantages and limitations of cardiac electrophysiological mapping techniques are analyzed.Finally,the application of deep learning to electrocardiogram(ECG)data is reviewed,the problems with the ex vivo intelligent labeling of an AF substrate and the possible solutions are discussed,an outlook on future development is provided.
基金Supported by Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(No.yyzx201123-2No.20130522056JH)
文摘OBJECTIVE： Few studies have investigated the ef- fects produced by combinations of polysaccharides and chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. We hypothesized that a combination of polysaccha- rides （COP） from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake would improve the efficacy of 5-fluoro- uracil （5-FU）-mediated inhibition of H22 cell growth. METHODS： Mice were injected H22 cells and then treated with either 5-FU, polysaccharides from Tri- choloma matsutake （PTM）, polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes （PL）, PTM ＋ PL, 5-FU ＋ PTM, 5-FU ＋ PL, or 5-FU ＋ COR The tumor weight and volume, and splenic CD4 ＋ and CD8 ＋ T cell frequencies, were determined. Additionally, splenic natural killer （NK） cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） activities were assessed and the serum levels of tumor necro- sis factor-a （TNF-a）, Interleukin-2 （IL-2）, and Interfer- on-y （IFN-y） were measured. RESULTS： Compared with mice from the control,5-FU, PL, PTM, PTM ＋ PL, 5-FU ＋ PL, and 5-FU ＋ PTM groups, mice treated with 5-FU ＋ COP showed： （a） significantly reduced tumor weight and volume （P〈 0.05）, （b） significantly higher serum levels of TNF-α, IL-2, and IFN-y （P〈0.05）, （c） significantly increased CD4＋ and CD8＋ 1 cell frequencies in the spleen （P〈 0.05）, and （d） significantly increased splenic NK cell and CTL activities （P〈0.05）. The tumor weight and volume in mice treated with 5-FU＋PL or 5-FU＋PTM were significantly reduced compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone （P〈0.05）. Serum levels of TNF-α, 11.-2, and IFN-y, frequencies of CD4 ＋ and CD8＋ T cells in the spleen, and splenic NK and CTL activities were also significantly increased in mice treated with 5-FU＋PL or 5-FU＋PTM compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： Polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake could enhance the efficacy of 5-FU-mediated H22 cell growth inhi- bition.
基金National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program),Grant/Award Number:Nos.2018YFB0904400National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:Nos.51877171。
文摘As a non‐contact temperature distribution measurement method,infrared thermography(IRT)has emerged as an indispensable tool in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of electrical equipment based on the absolute and relative temperature values.Manual fault inspection,as an expert‐experiences based evaluation method,has formed a mature technical scheme with a large number of application cases.However,the efficiency and accuracy of manual fault inspection are being challenged by the rapid growth in the number of equipment in power grid.The situation is improving with the advanced of image processing technique.Machine‐assisted fault diagnosis provides a novel method to assist human beings to complete fault diagnosis under the intervention of human prior knowledge.However,the limitations of infrared images bring challenges to image analysis processing especially target detection.In pursuit of automatic fault diagnosis,deep learning algorithms are introduced to achieve target detection in the complex environment.This study reviews the development of IRT‐based diagnostics beginning with the general procedures,objects,and limitations of IRT‐based fault inspection,and then gives an insight into the popular machine‐assisted fault diagnosis as well as image‐based intelligent fault identification.In addition,the future recommendations of IRT are also provided from construction of intelligent infrared detection system,establishment of an open and shared infrared image database and comprehensive utilization of joint visualization diagnosis technology.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial support obtained from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1312902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975281)The authors are also grateful for the technical support for Nano-X from Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINANO).
文摘Today the developed yarn muscles or actuators still cannot satisfy the requirements of working in high-temperature environ-ments.Thermal resistivity is highly needed in aerospace and industrial protection applications.Herein,an artificial muscle with high-temperature tolerance is prepared using carbon nanotube(CNT)wrapped poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole)(PBO)composite yarns.A thermal twisting method was utilized to reorientate the stiff PBO molecular chains into a uniform and twist-stable coiled structure.The CNT/PBO composite yarn muscle generates reversible contractile strokes up to 18.9%under 5.4 MPa tension and outputs 1.3 kJ kg^(-1) energy density.In contrast to previous actuators,which are normally oper-ated at room temperatures,the CNT/PBO composite yarn muscles can work at ambient temperatures up to 300℃ with high contractile stroke and long-term stability.A bionic inchworm robot,a deployable structure,and smart textiles driven by the high-temperature-tolerant yarn muscles were demonstrated,showing the promise as a soft actuator towards high-temperature environment applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21325523, 21527811)the Shandong Province Science Foundation for Youths (ZR2016HQ07)the Award for Team Leader Program of Taishan Scholars of Shandong Province, China
文摘Rapid, accurate and sensitive detection of particular DNA sequence is critical in fundamental biomedical research and clinical diagnostics. However, conventional approaches for DNA assay often suffer from cumbersome procedures, long analysis time and insufficient sensitivity. Recently, single-particle detection technology has emerged as a powerful tool in the biosensing area due to its significant advantages of ultrahigh sensitivity, low sample-consumption and rapid analysis time. Especially, the introduction of novel nanomaterials has greatly promoted the development of single-particle detection and its applications for DNA sensing. In this review, we summarize the recent advance in single-particle detection strategies for DNA sensing, and focus mainly on metallic nanoparticle-and semiconductor quantum dot-based single-particle detection. We highlight the emerging trends in this field as well.
文摘To the Editor：Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 （SCA5） is a rare autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia.Mutations in the spectrin beta nonerythrocytic 2 gene （SPTBN2） are known to cause SCA5,six of which have been reported,including three missense mutations and three deletion mutations.
