Radiation therapy is considered the most effective non-surgical treatment for brain tumors.However,there are no available treatments for radiation-induced brain injury.Bisdemethoxycurcumin(BDMC)is a demethoxy derivati...Radiation therapy is considered the most effective non-surgical treatment for brain tumors.However,there are no available treatments for radiation-induced brain injury.Bisdemethoxycurcumin(BDMC)is a demethoxy derivative of curcumin that has anti-proliferative,anti-inflammatory,and anti-oxidant properties.To determine whether BDMC has the potential to treat radiation-induced brain injury,in this study,we established a rat model of radiation-induced brain injury by administe ring a single 30-Gy vertical dose of irradiation to the whole brain,followed by intraperitoneal injection of 500μL of a 100 mg/kg BDMC solution every day for 5 successive weeks.Our res ults showed that BDMC increased the body weight of rats with radiation-induced brain injury,improved lea rning and memory,attenuated brain edema,inhibited astrocyte activation,and reduced oxidative stress.These findings suggest that BDMC protects against radiationinduced brain injury.展开更多
Background Carcass traits are crucial for broiler ducks,but carcass traits can only be measured postmortem.Genomic selection(GS)is an effective approach in animal breeding to improve selection and reduce costs.However...Background Carcass traits are crucial for broiler ducks,but carcass traits can only be measured postmortem.Genomic selection(GS)is an effective approach in animal breeding to improve selection and reduce costs.However,the performance of genomic prediction in duck carcass traits remains largely unknown.Results In this study,we estimated the genetic parameters,performed GS using different models and marker densi-ties,and compared the estimation performance between GS and conventional BLUP on 35 carcass traits in an F2 population of ducks.Most of the cut weight traits and intestine length traits were estimated to be high and moder-ate heritabilities,respectively,while the heritabilities of percentage slaughter traits were dynamic.The reliability of genome prediction using GBLUP increased by an average of 0.06 compared to the conventional BLUP method.The Permutation studies revealed that 50K markers had achieved ideal prediction reliability,while 3K markers still achieved 90.7%predictive capability would further reduce the cost for duck carcass traits.The genomic relationship matrix nor-malized by our true variance method instead of the widely used 2pi(1-pi)could achieve an increase in prediction reliability in most traits.We detected most of the bayesian models had a better performance,especially for BayesN.Compared to GBLUP,BayesN can further improve the predictive reliability with an average of 0.06 for duck carcass traits.Conclusion This study demonstrates genomic selection for duck carcass traits is promising.The genomic prediction can be further improved by modifying the genomic relationship matrix using our proposed true variance method and several Bayesian models.Permutation study provides a theoretical basis for the fact that low-density arrays can be used to reduce genotype costs in duck genome selection.展开更多
A uniform transient temperature field model of electrical contacts operation was found by analyzing the process of closing arc constriction resistance Joule heat ~ breaking arc. Essential parameters of Ag/La2NiO4 elec...A uniform transient temperature field model of electrical contacts operation was found by analyzing the process of closing arc constriction resistance Joule heat ~ breaking arc. Essential parameters of Ag/La2NiO4 electrical contact material for transient temperature field calculation were obtained through tests of electrical contact experimental instrument under 18 V DC in different cur- rents, other correlation experiments, and calculation anal- ysis. The finite element method was applied to solve the transient temperature field, and the features and distribution of the transient temperature field were obtained. The condition of material erosion and mass transfer can be forecasted by those calculation results. It is beneficial to research about the lifetime of Ag/La2NiO4 electrical material.展开更多
Dredged soil and phosphogypsum are frequently regarded as wasted materials,which require further treatment to control their environmental impact.Hence,phosphogypsum is proposed as a binder to stabilize dredged soil,ai...Dredged soil and phosphogypsum are frequently regarded as wasted materials,which require further treatment to control their environmental impact.Hence,phosphogypsum is proposed as a binder to stabilize dredged soil,aiming at efficiently reducing and reusing these waste materials.In this study,the engineering properties of cement-phosphogypsum stabilized dredged soils were investigated through a series of unconfined compression tests,and the effects of plasticity index of original soils on the strength improvement were identified.Then,the microstructure test and mineralogical test were performed to understand the mechanism of physical role of original soils in strength improvement.The results revealed that the unconfined compressive strength significantly decreased with the increase in plasticity index at the same binder content.The essential factor for strength improvement was found to be the formation of cementitious materials identified as calcium silicate hydrate(CSH),calcium aluminate hydrate(CAH),and ettringite(Aft).The normalized integrated intensity of cementitious materials(CSH+CAH+Aft)by pore volume decreased with the increase in plasticity index.Consequently,the density of cementitious materials filling the soil pores controlled the effectiveness of strength improvement.More cementitious materials per pore volume were observed for the original soils with lower values of plasticity index.That is,the higher strength of stabilized soils with lower values of plasticity index was attributed to a packed structure forming by integrated fabric through denser cementitious components.It can be anticipated from the above findings that the effectiveness of stabilization treatment will significantly reduce with the increase in plasticity of origin soil.展开更多
Background:Although methionine(Met),the first-limiting dietary amino acid,has crucial roles in growth and regulation of lipid metabolism in ducks,mechanisms underlying are not well understood.Therefore,the objective w...Background:Although methionine(Met),the first-limiting dietary amino acid,has crucial roles in growth and regulation of lipid metabolism in ducks,mechanisms underlying are not well understood.Therefore,the objective was to use dietary Met deficiency to investigate the involvement of Met in lipid metabolism and fat accumulation of Pekin ducks.Methods:A total of 150 male Pekin ducks(15-d-old,558.5±4.4 g)were allocated into 5 groups(6 replicates with 5 birds each)and fed corn and soybean meal-based diets containing 0.28%,0.35%,0.43%,0.50%,and 0.58%Met,respectively,for 4 weeks.Met-deficient(Met-D,0.28%Met)and Met-adequate(Met-A,0.43%Met)groups were selected for subsequent molecular studies.Serum,liver,and abdominal fat samples were collected to assess the genes and proteins involved in lipid metabolism of Pekin ducks and hepatocytes were cultured in vivo for verification.Results:Dietary Met deficiency caused growth depression and excess fat deposition that were ameliorated by feeding diets with adequate Met.Serum triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations increased(P<0.05),whereas serum concentrations of total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,total protein,and albumin decreased(P<0.05)in Met-D ducks compared to those in Met-A ducks.Based on hepatic proteomics analyses,dietary Met deficiency suppressed expression of key proteins related to fatty acid transport,fatty acid oxidation,tricarboxylic acid cycle,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,ketogenesis,and electron transport chain;selected key proteins had similar expression patterns verified by qRT-PCR and Western blotting,which indicated these processes were likely impaired.In vitro verification with hepatocyte models confirmed albumin expression was diminished by Met deficiency.Additionally,in abdominal fat,dietary Met deficiency increased adipocyte diameter and area(P<0.05),and down-regulated(P<0.05)of lipolytic genes and proteins,suggesting Met deficiency may suppress lipolysis in adipocyte.Conclusion:Taken together,these data demonstrated that dietary Met deficiency in Pekin ducks resulted in stunted growth and excess fat deposition,which may be related to suppression of fatty acids transportation and hepatic catabolism.展开更多
Objective:To compare the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),western medicine and integrative medicine in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a rat model.Methods:The T2DM rat model was established w...Objective:To compare the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),western medicine and integrative medicine in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a rat model.Methods:The T2DM rat model was established with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 35 days and a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ,30 mg/kg).The T2DM-induced rats were divided into three groups,and treated with Yiqi Yangyin Huatan (YQYYHT) granules (3.84 g/kg per day),pioglitazone (1.35 mg/kg per day) or YQYYHT granules + pioglitazone (3.84 g/kg per day+1.35 mg/kg per day) respectively for 14 days.Clinical features and behavioral changes,as well as T2DM indicators,were recorded to evaluate therapeutics effects in each treatment group.Results:The T2DM rat model expressed insulin resistance (IR),with features similar to qi-yin deficiency and phlegm stasis syndrome,including decreased cyclic adenosine monophosphate/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cAMP/cGMP) ratio,decreased levels of Na+-K+-ATPase,superoxide dismutase (SOD) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C),and increased levels of serum triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C).All three treatment groups showed significant decreases in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (Fins),and improvement of TCM syndrome to different degrees.Importantly,YQYYHT improved the most of the indicators of T2DM,followed by integrative medicine and pioglitazone alone.Conclusion:Compared with western medicine or integrative medicine,prescription of TCM based on syndrome differentiation may offer more advantages in the prevention and treatment of T2DM.展开更多
Objective:To establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)manifesting the Chinese medicine syndrome pattern of both qi and yin deficiency for evaluating the efficacy of a Chinese herbal formula(CHF),integrative medic...Objective:To establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)manifesting the Chinese medicine syndrome pattern of both qi and yin deficiency for evaluating the efficacy of a Chinese herbal formula(CHF),integrative medicine(IM),and pioglitazone(PIO)on T2DM indicators in the animal model.Methods:The rat model was induced by a high-fat diet(HFD)and streptozotocin(STZ,30 mg/kg).CHF(3.4 g/kg),PIO(2.7 mg/kg),and IM(3.4 g CHF+2.7 mg PIO)were administered to rats once daily for 14 days.Related laboratory parameters were observed.Results:Diabetic rats showed unsmooth fur,alopecia,reduced activity,huddling,somnolence,depression,pale or reddened tongue,damp/dark red tail,and high levels of water and food intake,urine volume,and stool weight,but weakened grip strength.Low levels of serum SOD,Nat-Kt-ATPase,cAMP/cGMP,and a high level of iNOS were observed.Hyperglycemia,hyperinsulinemia,insulin resistance,high levels of serum glucagon/IDE and pancreatic amylin,and low serum and pancreatic SS levels were evident as well.Conclusions:A rat model of T2DM with both qi and yin deficiency was successfully replicated.CHF appeared to be more efficacious than IM and PIO in the rat model of qi and yin deficiency pattern of T2DM,though IM and PIO were each found to have their merits and drawbacks in attenuating T2DM indicators in the rat model.展开更多
Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the discrepancy in nucleolin expression between colon adenoma and colon adenocarcinoma,explore the role of nucleolin expression in the carcinogenesis of colon adenocar...Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the discrepancy in nucleolin expression between colon adenoma and colon adenocarcinoma,explore the role of nucleolin expression in the carcinogenesis of colon adenocarcinoma,and determine the correlation of the nucleolin expression level with histological grade in colon adenocarcinoma.Methods In total,80 cases of colon adenocarcinoma with cancer-adjacent colon mucosa and 60 cases of colon adenomas were examined by immunohistochemistry using an antibody against nucleolin.Nucleolin expression levels in these groups were compared.The correlation between the nucleolin expression level and grade of colon adenocarcinoma was analyzed.Results Nucleolin expression is located in the nuclei of colon adenocarcinoma,colon adenoma,and cancer-adjacent colon mucosa tissues with different intensities.A semiquantitative evaluation using the Allred scoring system showed that the nucleolin immunostaining score in colon adenocarcinoma(7.8 ± 0.1) was significantly higher than those in colon adenoma(6.3 ± 0.2) and cancer-adjacent colon mucosa(5.4 ± 0.1;P < 0.01).The nucleolin immunostaining score in colon adenoma was significantly higher than that in cancer-adjacent colon mucosa(P < 0.01).Nucleolin expression levels in well-differentiated and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma(6.8 ± 0.2) were significantly lower than those in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma(8.0 ± 0.1;P < 0.01).Conclusion Increased nucleolin expression may play an important role in the process of malignant transformation of colon adenocarcinoma and predicts a poor prognosis.展开更多
Rice husk (biomass fuel) samples have been dried in drying oven and a series of drying curve for illustrating moisture migration of rice husk have been obtained. It is first research for rice husk drying,and it can pr...Rice husk (biomass fuel) samples have been dried in drying oven and a series of drying curve for illustrating moisture migration of rice husk have been obtained. It is first research for rice husk drying,and it can provide reference of fuel processing for different boilers which require rice husk with various water contents. In this paper,we apply Page equation to reflect the drying process and obtain drying characteristic curve,then analyze the drying law. Kinetic analysis of the results of moisture migration test has been done,after which, effective moisture diffusion coefficient,activation energy and drying kinetic equation of rice husk samples are obtained in test temperature range (80 - 130 ℃) . And these results show specific influence law of temperature for effective moisture diffusion coefficient.展开更多
Hazelnut husk brown rot has been identified as a new disease in Liaoning Province in recent years.The objective of this study as to identify the pathogen.[Method]In this study,a standard sample of hazelnut husk brown ...Hazelnut husk brown rot has been identified as a new disease in Liaoning Province in recent years.The objective of this study as to identify the pathogen.[Method]In this study,a standard sample of hazelnut husk brown rot was collected from Songmudao Base in Dalian City,Liaoning Province.The pathogen was identified by the studies of the morphology,pathogenicity,and analyses of ITS and LSU sequences.The pathogen was isolated and purified,which was confirmed by Koch’s postulates.The symptoms after inoculation were the same as those collected directly from a diseased tree,which showed that it was the pathogenic fungus.The cultural characteristics and conidia and the morphology of the pathogenic fungi were similar to those of Botrytis cinerea’s.The ITS sequences and LSU sequences were compared to the associated strain sequences in GenBank,with 100%identity to Botrytis cinerea(GenBank accession number:MN589848.1)and Botrytis cinerea(GenBank accession number:KU140653.1),respectively.The infection status of the pathogen on the hazelnut husks was also observed.The studies suggested that the pathogen leading to the hazelnut husk brown rot as a new disease in Liaoning Province was Botrytis cinerea.展开更多
The Monte Carlo method and the region method are combined in this paper,where a high-rise building in Harbin were taken for example to investigate the infrared radiation field of building surface.The calculation model...The Monte Carlo method and the region method are combined in this paper,where a high-rise building in Harbin were taken for example to investigate the infrared radiation field of building surface.The calculation models of temperature field and radiation transfer coefficient on the exterior surface were established.Through the self-built Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function(BRDF)experimental device,the BRDFs of moorstone,aluminum plate,coated glass and Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer(EPDM)on the surfaces under dry and wet conditions were measured at different incidence angles with respective laser wavelengths of0.6328μm and 1.34μm.For the two wavelengths,the reflection ratios of the material surfaces under dry and wet conditions were calculated respectively.Based on some proper simplifications of the background condition,the simulation analysis of the radiation field of building surface was carried out according to the wetness theory and the measured data.Taking the situation at 9:00 a.m.on the day of summer solstice as an example,this paper made relevant quantitative calculation for the solar radiation,the self radiation of the surface units,the radiating projection between the surface units,and the general infrared radiation of the building surface.Comparisons on infrared radiance field of the building surface were obtained under cloud-free sunshine conditions and rainfall conditions respectively,and the rationality of the results was discussed.展开更多
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)—apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran have become the first line medications for patients with thromboembolism. However, DOAC therapy-associated bleeding complications remain the maj...Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)—apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran have become the first line medications for patients with thromboembolism. However, DOAC therapy-associated bleeding complications remain the major clinical concern for these patients.?This study compared laboratory test results from 82 patients with and 361 patients without DOAC-associated bleeding with the goal of determining the value of laboratory tests in assessing bleeding risk in these patients.?There was no age or gender difference between patients with and without DOAC therapy-associated bleeding complications. Both prothrombin time?(PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) prolonged at the same time showed good correlation with bleeding complications for patients receiving dabigatran (91.7%) and rivaroxaban (41.2%). When comparing patients with bleeding and those without bleeding complications, impaired renal function showed high correlation (p??0.01),?impaired liver function?showed moderate correlation (p?=?0.03), and thrombocytopenia showed no correlation (p?>?0.05)?among patients with bleeding complications.?A small population of patients had never experienced bleeding complications, despite thelaboratory test results being similar to patients?who suffered?from bleeding complications. Laboratory tests may be useful in the assessment and prediction of bleeding complications in patients receiving DOAC therapy. However, it is important to incorporate both laboratory findings with the clinical information, such as concomitant antithrombotic agents and other underlying diseases in the decision making of DOAC therapy in order to reduce therapy-related bleeding risk.展开更多
Objective:To investigate how Yiqi Yangyin and Huatan Quyu granule (YYHO) improves skeletal muscle insulin resistance in a type 2 diabetic rat model and to discover whether the molecular mechanism is related to the pro...Objective:To investigate how Yiqi Yangyin and Huatan Quyu granule (YYHO) improves skeletal muscle insulin resistance in a type 2 diabetic rat model and to discover whether the molecular mechanism is related to the promotion of the AMPK/SIRT/PGC-1α signalling pathway.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the normal group,the model group,the YYHQ granule group,and the pioglitazone group.The type 2 diabetic rat model was established by feeding a high-fat diet for 5 weeks along with a single intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ).After modelling successfully,the appropriate drug was intragastrically administered to diabetic rats for 2 weeks,once per day.The YYHQ granule group was given a dose of 4.8 g/kg body weight per day,the pioglitazone group was given a dose of 1.35 mg/kg body weight per day.The doses for both groups were equivalent to the clinical equivalent dose based on a previous study.Other groups were gavaged with the same amount of saline water.Body weight,food intake,water intake,urine volume and grip strength were recorded weekly.The fasting blood glucose(FBG) was determined weekly using blood glucose test strips.The related glucose and lipid metabolism indexes,e.g.,fasting insulin (Fins),glycated haemoglobin (GHb),HOMA-IR,ISI,triglycerides (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and free fatty acid (FFA),were determined using biochemical method.The mRNA expression levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α),carnitine palmitoyl transterase-1 (CPT-1),Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1),and Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).The protein expression levels of creatine kinase (CK),Ca2+ ATPase,α-Actin,AMPK,PGC-1α and CPT-1 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA).Results:Body weight decreased significantly (P <.01),food intake,water intake and urine volume increased significantly (P <.01),and grip strength decreased significantly (P <.01) in the model group compared with the normal group.The levels of FBG,Fins,GHb and HOMA-IR increased significantly (P <.01),and the ISI decreased significantly (P <.01) in the model group.The levels of TG,TC,LDL-C and FFA increased significantly (P <.05 or P <.01),and the level of HDL-C decreased significantly (P <.05) in the model group.These changes were reversed after treatment with YYHQ granule or pioglitazone.Compared with the model group,the YYHQ granule and pioglitazone groups significantly improve body weight,water intake and urine volume (P <.05 or P <.01),however,both treatments had no significant effect on food intake (P >.05).The levels of FBG,Fins,GHb,HOMA-IR and ISI were improved significantly (P <.01) and the levels of TG,TC and LDL-C were improved significantly (P <.05 or P <.01),however,both treatments had no significant effect on the levels of HDL-C and FFA (P >.05).Further results indicated that YYHQ granule significantly decreased the mRNA expression of AMPK,PGC-1α,CPT-1,SIRT1 and SIRT3 in skeletal muscle (P <.01) and the pioglitazone group showed similar effects;moreover,the protein expression levels of CK,Ca2+ATPase,α-Actin,AMPK,PGC-1α and CPT-1 in skeletal muscle significantly decreased (P <.01),however,pioglitazone had no significant effect on CK and α-Actin (P >.05).Conclusion:The possible molecular mechanism of YYHQ granule improving skeletal muscle insulin resistance in a type 2 diabetic rat model may be related to the stimulation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle via the AMPK/SIRT/PGC-1α signalling pathway.展开更多
The clearance of apoptotic cell debris,containing professional phagocytosis and non-professional phagocytosis,is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of healthy tissues.Here,we discovered that endothelial cells c...The clearance of apoptotic cell debris,containing professional phagocytosis and non-professional phagocytosis,is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of healthy tissues.Here,we discovered that endothelial cells could engulf apoptotic cell debris in atherosclerotic plaque.Single-cell RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)has revealed a unique endothelial cell subpopulation in atherosclerosis,which was strongly associated with vascular injury-related pathways.Moreover,integrated analysis of three vascular injury-related RNA-seq datasets showed that the expression of scavenger receptor class B type 1(SR-B1)was up-regulated and specifically enriched in the phagocytosis pathway under vascular injury circumstances.Single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq indicate that SR-B1 was highly expressed in a unique endothelial cell subpopulation of mouse aorta and strongly associated with the reorganization of cellular adherent junctions and cytoskeleton which were necessary for phagocytosis.Furthermore,SR-B1 was strongly required for endothelial cells to engulf apoptotic cell debris in atherosclerotic plaque of both mouse and human aorta.Overall,this study demonstrated that apoptotic cell debris could be engulfed by endothelial cells through SR-B1 and associated with the reorganization of cellular adherent junctions and cytoskeleton.展开更多
Influence maximization(IM)algorithms play a significant role in hypergraph analysis tasks,such as epidemic control analysis,viral marketing,and social influence analysis,and various IM algorithms have been proposed.Th...Influence maximization(IM)algorithms play a significant role in hypergraph analysis tasks,such as epidemic control analysis,viral marketing,and social influence analysis,and various IM algorithms have been proposed.The main challenge lies in IM algorithm evaluation,due to the complexity and diversity of the spreading processes of different IM algorithms in different hypergraphs.Existing evaluation methods mainly leverage statistical metrics,such as influence spread,to quantify overall performance,but do not fully unravel spreading characteristics and patterns.In this paper,we propose an exploratory visual analytics system,IMVis,to assist users in exploring and evaluating IM algorithms at the overview,pattern,and node levels.A spreading pattern mining method is first proposed to characterize spreading processes and extract important spreading patterns to facilitate efficient analysis and comparison of IM algorithms.Novel visualization glyphs are designed to comprehensively reveal both temporal and structural features of IM algorithms’spreading processes in hypergraphs at multiple levels.The effectiveness and usefulness of IMVis are demonstrated through two case studies and expert interviews.展开更多
Damaged skin cannot prevent harmful bacteria from invading tissues,causing infected wounds or even severe tissue damage.In this study,we developed a controlled-release antibacterial composite hydrogel system that can ...Damaged skin cannot prevent harmful bacteria from invading tissues,causing infected wounds or even severe tissue damage.In this study,we developed a controlled-release antibacterial composite hydrogel system that can promote wound angiogenesis and inhibit inflammation by sustained releasing Cu-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(Cu-EGCG)nano-capsules.The prepared SilMA/HAMA/Cu-EGCG hydrogel showed an obvious inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).It could also promote the proliferation and migration of L929 fibroblasts.In vivo full-thickness infected wound healing experiments confirmed the angiogenesis and inflammation regulating effect.Accelerate collagen deposition and wound healing speed were also observed in the SilMA/HAMA/Cu-EGCG hydrogel treated group.The findings of this study show the great potential of this controlled-release antibacterial composite hydrogel in the application of chronic wound healing.展开更多
Recent years have witnessed breakthroughs in the study of zigzag hydrocarbon belts.However,the synthesis of heterocycle-containing zigzag molecular belts remains very rare and challenging despite their interesting str...Recent years have witnessed breakthroughs in the study of zigzag hydrocarbon belts.However,the synthesis of heterocycle-containing zigzag molecular belts remains very rare and challenging despite their interesting structures and potential applications in chemistry and materials science.Here,we report the expeditious construction of a highly strained belt[4]arene[4](1,4-dihydropyridine)structure using the fjords-stitching strategy.The synthesis comprised four-fold abnormal m-bromination of four Npivaloylaniline units and Pd_(2)(dba)_(3)/4-Me_(2)NC_(6)H_(4)Pt Bu_(2)-catalyzed intramolecular C-N bond-forming reactions.Subsequent functionalization through Narylations produced a variety of tetraza-embedded octahydrobelt[8]arenes.Further oxidation of p-methoxyphenyl-substituted belt[4]arene[4](1,4-dihydropyridine)with Ag[Al(O^(t)Bu^(F))^(4)]yielded a singlet diradical dication N-doped zigzag belt.展开更多
This study was to determine the effects of riboflavin deficiency(RD)on intestinal development,jejunum mucosa proteome,cecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)profiling,and cecal microbial diversity and community of starter...This study was to determine the effects of riboflavin deficiency(RD)on intestinal development,jejunum mucosa proteome,cecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)profiling,and cecal microbial diversity and community of starter Pekin ducks.Male white Pekin ducks(1 d old,n=240)were allocated into 2 groups,with 12 replicates and 10 birds per replicate in each group.For 21 d,all ducks had ad libitum access to either an RD or a riboflavin adequate(control,CON)diet,formulated by supplementing a basal diet with 0 or 10 mg riboflavin per kg of diet,respectively.Compared to the CON group,growth retardation,high mortality,and poor riboflavin status were observed in the RD group.Furthermore,RD reduced the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of jejunum and ileum(P<0.05),indicating morphological alterations of the small intestine.In addition,dietary RD enhanced relative cecum weight and decreased cecal SCFA concentrations(P<0.05),including propionate,isobutyrate,butyrate,and isovalerate.The jejunum mucosa proteomics showed that 208 proteins were upregulated and 229 proteins were downregulated in the RD group compared to those in the CON group.Among these,RD mainly suppressed intestinal absorption and energy generation processes such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis,fatty acid beta oxidation,tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation,leading to impaired ATP generation.In addition,RD decreased the community richness and diversity of the bacterial community in the cecum of ducks.Specifically,RD reduced the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the cecum(P<0.05),such as Eubacterium coprostanoligenes,Prevotella and Faecalibacterium.Dietary RD resulted in growth depression and intestinal hypofunction of Pekin ducks,which could be associated with impaired intestinal absorption and energy generation processes in intestinal mucosa,as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis.These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of intestinal hypofunction due to RD.展开更多
Dietary threonine(Thr)deficiency enhances triglyceride(TG)deposition in the liver of Pekin ducks,which injures hepatic function and impairs growth performance.However,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear...Dietary threonine(Thr)deficiency enhances triglyceride(TG)deposition in the liver of Pekin ducks,which injures hepatic function and impairs growth performance.However,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.In the present study,we investigated the effects of dietary Thr deficiency on the expressions of proteins and phosphoproteins in liver of Pekin ducks,to identify the underlying molecular changes.A total of 300 one-day-old ducklings were divided into 3 groups with 10 replicates of 10 birds.All ducks were fed corn-wheat-peanut meal diets containing 0.46%,0.71%,and 0.96%Thr,respectively,from 1 to 21 days of age.Growth performance,serum parameters,hepatic TG content,and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism of Pekin ducks were determined.A Thr deficiency group(Thr-D,0.46%Thr)and a Thr sufficiency group(Thr-S,0.71%Thr)were selected for subsequent proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis.The results showed that Thr-D reduced the growth performance(P<0.001),and increased the plasma concentrations of cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and hepatic TG(P<0.05).Thr-D increased gene expression related to fatty acid and TG synthesis(P<0.05).A total of 176 proteins and 259 phosphosites(containing 198 phosphoproteins)were observed to be differentially expressed as a result of Thr-D.The upregulated proteins were enriched in the pathway related to amino acid metabolism,peroxisome.The down-regulated proteins were enriched in linolenic and arachidonic acid metabolism,and the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT)signaling pathway.The upregulated phos-phoproteins were enriched in the pathways related to fatty acid biosynthesis,fructose and mannose metabolism,and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis.Thr-D reduced the phosphorylation of STAT1 at S729 and STAT3 at S728,and expression of STAT5B.In contrast,Thr-D increased non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase(TYK2)expression and STAT1 phosphorylation at S649.Taken together,dietary Thr-D increased hepatic TG accumulation by upregulating the expression of genes and proteins,and phosphoproteins related to fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis.Furthermore,these processes might be regulated by the JAK-STAT signaling pathway,especially the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3.展开更多
The electrical contact-high-speed imaging experimental system was developed to investigate the molten bridge phenomena of AgNi10 electrical contact material.The dimension of molten bridges was measured along with the ...The electrical contact-high-speed imaging experimental system was developed to investigate the molten bridge phenomena of AgNi10 electrical contact material.The dimension of molten bridges was measured along with the measurement of waveforms in the contact voltage under the load of direct current(DC) 6 V(8-20 A)and breaking speed of 50.0 mm·s^(-1).A part of the observed results was presented as well as surface morphology of the contacts after electrical contact behavior,which shows some interesting and new phenomena.Molten bridges and arc could exist simultaneously.The stable molten bridge looks like cylindrical shape and then becomes needle tip at its rupture,the diameter and length of molten bridges both increase with the increase in current and the growth gradient of the diameter is larger than that of the length.The morphology and elemental distribution of the contact surface are changed by the behavior of electrical contact.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82002400(to GJZ)Scientific Research Project of Hu nan Health Committee,No.20201911and No.20200469(both to ZJX)+2 种基金Scientific Research Project of Hunan Health Committee,No.20211411761(to HMW)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.2020JJ5512(to GJZ)a grant from Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project in Hunan Province,No.2020SK51822(to ZJX)。
文摘Radiation therapy is considered the most effective non-surgical treatment for brain tumors.However,there are no available treatments for radiation-induced brain injury.Bisdemethoxycurcumin(BDMC)is a demethoxy derivative of curcumin that has anti-proliferative,anti-inflammatory,and anti-oxidant properties.To determine whether BDMC has the potential to treat radiation-induced brain injury,in this study,we established a rat model of radiation-induced brain injury by administe ring a single 30-Gy vertical dose of irradiation to the whole brain,followed by intraperitoneal injection of 500μL of a 100 mg/kg BDMC solution every day for 5 successive weeks.Our res ults showed that BDMC increased the body weight of rats with radiation-induced brain injury,improved lea rning and memory,attenuated brain edema,inhibited astrocyte activation,and reduced oxidative stress.These findings suggest that BDMC protects against radiationinduced brain injury.
基金supported by grants from the Key Technologies Research on New Breed of Broiler Poultry by Integration of Breeding,Reproduction and Promotion(2021CXGC010805-02)Taishan Industry Leadership Talent Project of Shandong province in China(TSCY20190108)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-42)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC-IAS-09).
文摘Background Carcass traits are crucial for broiler ducks,but carcass traits can only be measured postmortem.Genomic selection(GS)is an effective approach in animal breeding to improve selection and reduce costs.However,the performance of genomic prediction in duck carcass traits remains largely unknown.Results In this study,we estimated the genetic parameters,performed GS using different models and marker densi-ties,and compared the estimation performance between GS and conventional BLUP on 35 carcass traits in an F2 population of ducks.Most of the cut weight traits and intestine length traits were estimated to be high and moder-ate heritabilities,respectively,while the heritabilities of percentage slaughter traits were dynamic.The reliability of genome prediction using GBLUP increased by an average of 0.06 compared to the conventional BLUP method.The Permutation studies revealed that 50K markers had achieved ideal prediction reliability,while 3K markers still achieved 90.7%predictive capability would further reduce the cost for duck carcass traits.The genomic relationship matrix nor-malized by our true variance method instead of the widely used 2pi(1-pi)could achieve an increase in prediction reliability in most traits.We detected most of the bayesian models had a better performance,especially for BayesN.Compared to GBLUP,BayesN can further improve the predictive reliability with an average of 0.06 for duck carcass traits.Conclusion This study demonstrates genomic selection for duck carcass traits is promising.The genomic prediction can be further improved by modifying the genomic relationship matrix using our proposed true variance method and several Bayesian models.Permutation study provides a theoretical basis for the fact that low-density arrays can be used to reduce genotype costs in duck genome selection.
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China-Yunnan United Foundation(No.U0837601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51267007)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.2010CD126,No.2012FB195)
文摘A uniform transient temperature field model of electrical contacts operation was found by analyzing the process of closing arc constriction resistance Joule heat ~ breaking arc. Essential parameters of Ag/La2NiO4 electrical contact material for transient temperature field calculation were obtained through tests of electrical contact experimental instrument under 18 V DC in different cur- rents, other correlation experiments, and calculation anal- ysis. The finite element method was applied to solve the transient temperature field, and the features and distribution of the transient temperature field were obtained. The condition of material erosion and mass transfer can be forecasted by those calculation results. It is beneficial to research about the lifetime of Ag/La2NiO4 electrical material.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52178328 and 52178361)Partial financial support from the Open-end Research Fund of State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering(Grant No.SKLGDUEK2114)。
文摘Dredged soil and phosphogypsum are frequently regarded as wasted materials,which require further treatment to control their environmental impact.Hence,phosphogypsum is proposed as a binder to stabilize dredged soil,aiming at efficiently reducing and reusing these waste materials.In this study,the engineering properties of cement-phosphogypsum stabilized dredged soils were investigated through a series of unconfined compression tests,and the effects of plasticity index of original soils on the strength improvement were identified.Then,the microstructure test and mineralogical test were performed to understand the mechanism of physical role of original soils in strength improvement.The results revealed that the unconfined compressive strength significantly decreased with the increase in plasticity index at the same binder content.The essential factor for strength improvement was found to be the formation of cementitious materials identified as calcium silicate hydrate(CSH),calcium aluminate hydrate(CAH),and ettringite(Aft).The normalized integrated intensity of cementitious materials(CSH+CAH+Aft)by pore volume decreased with the increase in plasticity index.Consequently,the density of cementitious materials filling the soil pores controlled the effectiveness of strength improvement.More cementitious materials per pore volume were observed for the original soils with lower values of plasticity index.That is,the higher strength of stabilized soils with lower values of plasticity index was attributed to a packed structure forming by integrated fabric through denser cementitious components.It can be anticipated from the above findings that the effectiveness of stabilization treatment will significantly reduce with the increase in plasticity of origin soil.
基金supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-42)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC-IAS-09)Central Scientific Institution Fundamental Research Funds(1610382022005).
文摘Background:Although methionine(Met),the first-limiting dietary amino acid,has crucial roles in growth and regulation of lipid metabolism in ducks,mechanisms underlying are not well understood.Therefore,the objective was to use dietary Met deficiency to investigate the involvement of Met in lipid metabolism and fat accumulation of Pekin ducks.Methods:A total of 150 male Pekin ducks(15-d-old,558.5±4.4 g)were allocated into 5 groups(6 replicates with 5 birds each)and fed corn and soybean meal-based diets containing 0.28%,0.35%,0.43%,0.50%,and 0.58%Met,respectively,for 4 weeks.Met-deficient(Met-D,0.28%Met)and Met-adequate(Met-A,0.43%Met)groups were selected for subsequent molecular studies.Serum,liver,and abdominal fat samples were collected to assess the genes and proteins involved in lipid metabolism of Pekin ducks and hepatocytes were cultured in vivo for verification.Results:Dietary Met deficiency caused growth depression and excess fat deposition that were ameliorated by feeding diets with adequate Met.Serum triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations increased(P<0.05),whereas serum concentrations of total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,total protein,and albumin decreased(P<0.05)in Met-D ducks compared to those in Met-A ducks.Based on hepatic proteomics analyses,dietary Met deficiency suppressed expression of key proteins related to fatty acid transport,fatty acid oxidation,tricarboxylic acid cycle,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,ketogenesis,and electron transport chain;selected key proteins had similar expression patterns verified by qRT-PCR and Western blotting,which indicated these processes were likely impaired.In vitro verification with hepatocyte models confirmed albumin expression was diminished by Met deficiency.Additionally,in abdominal fat,dietary Met deficiency increased adipocyte diameter and area(P<0.05),and down-regulated(P<0.05)of lipolytic genes and proteins,suggesting Met deficiency may suppress lipolysis in adipocyte.Conclusion:Taken together,these data demonstrated that dietary Met deficiency in Pekin ducks resulted in stunted growth and excess fat deposition,which may be related to suppression of fatty acids transportation and hepatic catabolism.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China (Grant 81373541).
文摘Objective:To compare the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),western medicine and integrative medicine in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a rat model.Methods:The T2DM rat model was established with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 35 days and a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ,30 mg/kg).The T2DM-induced rats were divided into three groups,and treated with Yiqi Yangyin Huatan (YQYYHT) granules (3.84 g/kg per day),pioglitazone (1.35 mg/kg per day) or YQYYHT granules + pioglitazone (3.84 g/kg per day+1.35 mg/kg per day) respectively for 14 days.Clinical features and behavioral changes,as well as T2DM indicators,were recorded to evaluate therapeutics effects in each treatment group.Results:The T2DM rat model expressed insulin resistance (IR),with features similar to qi-yin deficiency and phlegm stasis syndrome,including decreased cyclic adenosine monophosphate/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cAMP/cGMP) ratio,decreased levels of Na+-K+-ATPase,superoxide dismutase (SOD) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C),and increased levels of serum triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C).All three treatment groups showed significant decreases in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (Fins),and improvement of TCM syndrome to different degrees.Importantly,YQYYHT improved the most of the indicators of T2DM,followed by integrative medicine and pioglitazone alone.Conclusion:Compared with western medicine or integrative medicine,prescription of TCM based on syndrome differentiation may offer more advantages in the prevention and treatment of T2DM.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81373541).
文摘Objective:To establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)manifesting the Chinese medicine syndrome pattern of both qi and yin deficiency for evaluating the efficacy of a Chinese herbal formula(CHF),integrative medicine(IM),and pioglitazone(PIO)on T2DM indicators in the animal model.Methods:The rat model was induced by a high-fat diet(HFD)and streptozotocin(STZ,30 mg/kg).CHF(3.4 g/kg),PIO(2.7 mg/kg),and IM(3.4 g CHF+2.7 mg PIO)were administered to rats once daily for 14 days.Related laboratory parameters were observed.Results:Diabetic rats showed unsmooth fur,alopecia,reduced activity,huddling,somnolence,depression,pale or reddened tongue,damp/dark red tail,and high levels of water and food intake,urine volume,and stool weight,but weakened grip strength.Low levels of serum SOD,Nat-Kt-ATPase,cAMP/cGMP,and a high level of iNOS were observed.Hyperglycemia,hyperinsulinemia,insulin resistance,high levels of serum glucagon/IDE and pancreatic amylin,and low serum and pancreatic SS levels were evident as well.Conclusions:A rat model of T2DM with both qi and yin deficiency was successfully replicated.CHF appeared to be more efficacious than IM and PIO in the rat model of qi and yin deficiency pattern of T2DM,though IM and PIO were each found to have their merits and drawbacks in attenuating T2DM indicators in the rat model.
文摘Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the discrepancy in nucleolin expression between colon adenoma and colon adenocarcinoma,explore the role of nucleolin expression in the carcinogenesis of colon adenocarcinoma,and determine the correlation of the nucleolin expression level with histological grade in colon adenocarcinoma.Methods In total,80 cases of colon adenocarcinoma with cancer-adjacent colon mucosa and 60 cases of colon adenomas were examined by immunohistochemistry using an antibody against nucleolin.Nucleolin expression levels in these groups were compared.The correlation between the nucleolin expression level and grade of colon adenocarcinoma was analyzed.Results Nucleolin expression is located in the nuclei of colon adenocarcinoma,colon adenoma,and cancer-adjacent colon mucosa tissues with different intensities.A semiquantitative evaluation using the Allred scoring system showed that the nucleolin immunostaining score in colon adenocarcinoma(7.8 ± 0.1) was significantly higher than those in colon adenoma(6.3 ± 0.2) and cancer-adjacent colon mucosa(5.4 ± 0.1;P < 0.01).The nucleolin immunostaining score in colon adenoma was significantly higher than that in cancer-adjacent colon mucosa(P < 0.01).Nucleolin expression levels in well-differentiated and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma(6.8 ± 0.2) were significantly lower than those in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma(8.0 ± 0.1;P < 0.01).Conclusion Increased nucleolin expression may play an important role in the process of malignant transformation of colon adenocarcinoma and predicts a poor prognosis.
文摘Rice husk (biomass fuel) samples have been dried in drying oven and a series of drying curve for illustrating moisture migration of rice husk have been obtained. It is first research for rice husk drying,and it can provide reference of fuel processing for different boilers which require rice husk with various water contents. In this paper,we apply Page equation to reflect the drying process and obtain drying characteristic curve,then analyze the drying law. Kinetic analysis of the results of moisture migration test has been done,after which, effective moisture diffusion coefficient,activation energy and drying kinetic equation of rice husk samples are obtained in test temperature range (80 - 130 ℃) . And these results show specific influence law of temperature for effective moisture diffusion coefficient.
基金This work was financially supported by the Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2021-MS-057).
文摘Hazelnut husk brown rot has been identified as a new disease in Liaoning Province in recent years.The objective of this study as to identify the pathogen.[Method]In this study,a standard sample of hazelnut husk brown rot was collected from Songmudao Base in Dalian City,Liaoning Province.The pathogen was identified by the studies of the morphology,pathogenicity,and analyses of ITS and LSU sequences.The pathogen was isolated and purified,which was confirmed by Koch’s postulates.The symptoms after inoculation were the same as those collected directly from a diseased tree,which showed that it was the pathogenic fungus.The cultural characteristics and conidia and the morphology of the pathogenic fungi were similar to those of Botrytis cinerea’s.The ITS sequences and LSU sequences were compared to the associated strain sequences in GenBank,with 100%identity to Botrytis cinerea(GenBank accession number:MN589848.1)and Botrytis cinerea(GenBank accession number:KU140653.1),respectively.The infection status of the pathogen on the hazelnut husks was also observed.The studies suggested that the pathogen leading to the hazelnut husk brown rot as a new disease in Liaoning Province was Botrytis cinerea.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51276050)
文摘The Monte Carlo method and the region method are combined in this paper,where a high-rise building in Harbin were taken for example to investigate the infrared radiation field of building surface.The calculation models of temperature field and radiation transfer coefficient on the exterior surface were established.Through the self-built Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function(BRDF)experimental device,the BRDFs of moorstone,aluminum plate,coated glass and Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer(EPDM)on the surfaces under dry and wet conditions were measured at different incidence angles with respective laser wavelengths of0.6328μm and 1.34μm.For the two wavelengths,the reflection ratios of the material surfaces under dry and wet conditions were calculated respectively.Based on some proper simplifications of the background condition,the simulation analysis of the radiation field of building surface was carried out according to the wetness theory and the measured data.Taking the situation at 9:00 a.m.on the day of summer solstice as an example,this paper made relevant quantitative calculation for the solar radiation,the self radiation of the surface units,the radiating projection between the surface units,and the general infrared radiation of the building surface.Comparisons on infrared radiance field of the building surface were obtained under cloud-free sunshine conditions and rainfall conditions respectively,and the rationality of the results was discussed.
文摘Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)—apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran have become the first line medications for patients with thromboembolism. However, DOAC therapy-associated bleeding complications remain the major clinical concern for these patients.?This study compared laboratory test results from 82 patients with and 361 patients without DOAC-associated bleeding with the goal of determining the value of laboratory tests in assessing bleeding risk in these patients.?There was no age or gender difference between patients with and without DOAC therapy-associated bleeding complications. Both prothrombin time?(PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) prolonged at the same time showed good correlation with bleeding complications for patients receiving dabigatran (91.7%) and rivaroxaban (41.2%). When comparing patients with bleeding and those without bleeding complications, impaired renal function showed high correlation (p??0.01),?impaired liver function?showed moderate correlation (p?=?0.03), and thrombocytopenia showed no correlation (p?>?0.05)?among patients with bleeding complications.?A small population of patients had never experienced bleeding complications, despite thelaboratory test results being similar to patients?who suffered?from bleeding complications. Laboratory tests may be useful in the assessment and prediction of bleeding complications in patients receiving DOAC therapy. However, it is important to incorporate both laboratory findings with the clinical information, such as concomitant antithrombotic agents and other underlying diseases in the decision making of DOAC therapy in order to reduce therapy-related bleeding risk.
基金This research was supported and funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81373541).
文摘Objective:To investigate how Yiqi Yangyin and Huatan Quyu granule (YYHO) improves skeletal muscle insulin resistance in a type 2 diabetic rat model and to discover whether the molecular mechanism is related to the promotion of the AMPK/SIRT/PGC-1α signalling pathway.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:the normal group,the model group,the YYHQ granule group,and the pioglitazone group.The type 2 diabetic rat model was established by feeding a high-fat diet for 5 weeks along with a single intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ).After modelling successfully,the appropriate drug was intragastrically administered to diabetic rats for 2 weeks,once per day.The YYHQ granule group was given a dose of 4.8 g/kg body weight per day,the pioglitazone group was given a dose of 1.35 mg/kg body weight per day.The doses for both groups were equivalent to the clinical equivalent dose based on a previous study.Other groups were gavaged with the same amount of saline water.Body weight,food intake,water intake,urine volume and grip strength were recorded weekly.The fasting blood glucose(FBG) was determined weekly using blood glucose test strips.The related glucose and lipid metabolism indexes,e.g.,fasting insulin (Fins),glycated haemoglobin (GHb),HOMA-IR,ISI,triglycerides (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and free fatty acid (FFA),were determined using biochemical method.The mRNA expression levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α),carnitine palmitoyl transterase-1 (CPT-1),Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1),and Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).The protein expression levels of creatine kinase (CK),Ca2+ ATPase,α-Actin,AMPK,PGC-1α and CPT-1 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA).Results:Body weight decreased significantly (P <.01),food intake,water intake and urine volume increased significantly (P <.01),and grip strength decreased significantly (P <.01) in the model group compared with the normal group.The levels of FBG,Fins,GHb and HOMA-IR increased significantly (P <.01),and the ISI decreased significantly (P <.01) in the model group.The levels of TG,TC,LDL-C and FFA increased significantly (P <.05 or P <.01),and the level of HDL-C decreased significantly (P <.05) in the model group.These changes were reversed after treatment with YYHQ granule or pioglitazone.Compared with the model group,the YYHQ granule and pioglitazone groups significantly improve body weight,water intake and urine volume (P <.05 or P <.01),however,both treatments had no significant effect on food intake (P >.05).The levels of FBG,Fins,GHb,HOMA-IR and ISI were improved significantly (P <.01) and the levels of TG,TC and LDL-C were improved significantly (P <.05 or P <.01),however,both treatments had no significant effect on the levels of HDL-C and FFA (P >.05).Further results indicated that YYHQ granule significantly decreased the mRNA expression of AMPK,PGC-1α,CPT-1,SIRT1 and SIRT3 in skeletal muscle (P <.01) and the pioglitazone group showed similar effects;moreover,the protein expression levels of CK,Ca2+ATPase,α-Actin,AMPK,PGC-1α and CPT-1 in skeletal muscle significantly decreased (P <.01),however,pioglitazone had no significant effect on CK and α-Actin (P >.05).Conclusion:The possible molecular mechanism of YYHQ granule improving skeletal muscle insulin resistance in a type 2 diabetic rat model may be related to the stimulation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle via the AMPK/SIRT/PGC-1α signalling pathway.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12032007,31971242 to G.Wang)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Jinfeng Laboratory,Chongqing,China(No.jfkyjf202203001 to G.Wang).
文摘The clearance of apoptotic cell debris,containing professional phagocytosis and non-professional phagocytosis,is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of healthy tissues.Here,we discovered that endothelial cells could engulf apoptotic cell debris in atherosclerotic plaque.Single-cell RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)has revealed a unique endothelial cell subpopulation in atherosclerosis,which was strongly associated with vascular injury-related pathways.Moreover,integrated analysis of three vascular injury-related RNA-seq datasets showed that the expression of scavenger receptor class B type 1(SR-B1)was up-regulated and specifically enriched in the phagocytosis pathway under vascular injury circumstances.Single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq indicate that SR-B1 was highly expressed in a unique endothelial cell subpopulation of mouse aorta and strongly associated with the reorganization of cellular adherent junctions and cytoskeleton which were necessary for phagocytosis.Furthermore,SR-B1 was strongly required for endothelial cells to engulf apoptotic cell debris in atherosclerotic plaque of both mouse and human aorta.Overall,this study demonstrated that apoptotic cell debris could be engulfed by endothelial cells through SR-B1 and associated with the reorganization of cellular adherent junctions and cytoskeleton.
基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ22F020017)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62302137)Open Project Program of the State Key Lab of CAD&CG of Zhejiang University(A2104).
文摘Influence maximization(IM)algorithms play a significant role in hypergraph analysis tasks,such as epidemic control analysis,viral marketing,and social influence analysis,and various IM algorithms have been proposed.The main challenge lies in IM algorithm evaluation,due to the complexity and diversity of the spreading processes of different IM algorithms in different hypergraphs.Existing evaluation methods mainly leverage statistical metrics,such as influence spread,to quantify overall performance,but do not fully unravel spreading characteristics and patterns.In this paper,we propose an exploratory visual analytics system,IMVis,to assist users in exploring and evaluating IM algorithms at the overview,pattern,and node levels.A spreading pattern mining method is first proposed to characterize spreading processes and extract important spreading patterns to facilitate efficient analysis and comparison of IM algorithms.Novel visualization glyphs are designed to comprehensively reveal both temporal and structural features of IM algorithms’spreading processes in hypergraphs at multiple levels.The effectiveness and usefulness of IMVis are demonstrated through two case studies and expert interviews.
基金funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0105602,2018YFA0108700)NSFC Projects of INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION and Exchanges(81720108004)+6 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81974019,82100275)Guangdong Provincial Special Support Program for Prominent Talents(2021JC06Y656)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2020B1111170011,2022B1212010010)Guangdong special funds for science and technology innovation strategy,China(Stability support for scientific research institutions affiliated to Guangdong Province-GDCI 2021)Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(202201000006)The Special Project of Dengfeng Program of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(DFJH201812,KJ012019119,KJ012019423)The Marine Economy Development Project of Department of Natural Resources of Guangdong Province(No.GDNRC[2022]039).
文摘Damaged skin cannot prevent harmful bacteria from invading tissues,causing infected wounds or even severe tissue damage.In this study,we developed a controlled-release antibacterial composite hydrogel system that can promote wound angiogenesis and inhibit inflammation by sustained releasing Cu-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(Cu-EGCG)nano-capsules.The prepared SilMA/HAMA/Cu-EGCG hydrogel showed an obvious inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).It could also promote the proliferation and migration of L929 fibroblasts.In vivo full-thickness infected wound healing experiments confirmed the angiogenesis and inflammation regulating effect.Accelerate collagen deposition and wound healing speed were also observed in the SilMA/HAMA/Cu-EGCG hydrogel treated group.The findings of this study show the great potential of this controlled-release antibacterial composite hydrogel in the application of chronic wound healing.
基金We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.22050005,21732004,and 21821001)the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(grant no.2019Z07L01004)for generous financial support.
文摘Recent years have witnessed breakthroughs in the study of zigzag hydrocarbon belts.However,the synthesis of heterocycle-containing zigzag molecular belts remains very rare and challenging despite their interesting structures and potential applications in chemistry and materials science.Here,we report the expeditious construction of a highly strained belt[4]arene[4](1,4-dihydropyridine)structure using the fjords-stitching strategy.The synthesis comprised four-fold abnormal m-bromination of four Npivaloylaniline units and Pd_(2)(dba)_(3)/4-Me_(2)NC_(6)H_(4)Pt Bu_(2)-catalyzed intramolecular C-N bond-forming reactions.Subsequent functionalization through Narylations produced a variety of tetraza-embedded octahydrobelt[8]arenes.Further oxidation of p-methoxyphenyl-substituted belt[4]arene[4](1,4-dihydropyridine)with Ag[Al(O^(t)Bu^(F))^(4)]yielded a singlet diradical dication N-doped zigzag belt.
基金This work was supported by the earmarked fund for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32002193)China Agricultural Research System(CARS-42).
文摘This study was to determine the effects of riboflavin deficiency(RD)on intestinal development,jejunum mucosa proteome,cecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)profiling,and cecal microbial diversity and community of starter Pekin ducks.Male white Pekin ducks(1 d old,n=240)were allocated into 2 groups,with 12 replicates and 10 birds per replicate in each group.For 21 d,all ducks had ad libitum access to either an RD or a riboflavin adequate(control,CON)diet,formulated by supplementing a basal diet with 0 or 10 mg riboflavin per kg of diet,respectively.Compared to the CON group,growth retardation,high mortality,and poor riboflavin status were observed in the RD group.Furthermore,RD reduced the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of jejunum and ileum(P<0.05),indicating morphological alterations of the small intestine.In addition,dietary RD enhanced relative cecum weight and decreased cecal SCFA concentrations(P<0.05),including propionate,isobutyrate,butyrate,and isovalerate.The jejunum mucosa proteomics showed that 208 proteins were upregulated and 229 proteins were downregulated in the RD group compared to those in the CON group.Among these,RD mainly suppressed intestinal absorption and energy generation processes such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis,fatty acid beta oxidation,tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation,leading to impaired ATP generation.In addition,RD decreased the community richness and diversity of the bacterial community in the cecum of ducks.Specifically,RD reduced the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the cecum(P<0.05),such as Eubacterium coprostanoligenes,Prevotella and Faecalibacterium.Dietary RD resulted in growth depression and intestinal hypofunction of Pekin ducks,which could be associated with impaired intestinal absorption and energy generation processes in intestinal mucosa,as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis.These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of intestinal hypofunction due to RD.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31902174)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190902)Tackled key technologies in agriculture and rural areas of Jiangsu Science and Technology Plan(BE2022310).
文摘Dietary threonine(Thr)deficiency enhances triglyceride(TG)deposition in the liver of Pekin ducks,which injures hepatic function and impairs growth performance.However,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.In the present study,we investigated the effects of dietary Thr deficiency on the expressions of proteins and phosphoproteins in liver of Pekin ducks,to identify the underlying molecular changes.A total of 300 one-day-old ducklings were divided into 3 groups with 10 replicates of 10 birds.All ducks were fed corn-wheat-peanut meal diets containing 0.46%,0.71%,and 0.96%Thr,respectively,from 1 to 21 days of age.Growth performance,serum parameters,hepatic TG content,and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism of Pekin ducks were determined.A Thr deficiency group(Thr-D,0.46%Thr)and a Thr sufficiency group(Thr-S,0.71%Thr)were selected for subsequent proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis.The results showed that Thr-D reduced the growth performance(P<0.001),and increased the plasma concentrations of cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and hepatic TG(P<0.05).Thr-D increased gene expression related to fatty acid and TG synthesis(P<0.05).A total of 176 proteins and 259 phosphosites(containing 198 phosphoproteins)were observed to be differentially expressed as a result of Thr-D.The upregulated proteins were enriched in the pathway related to amino acid metabolism,peroxisome.The down-regulated proteins were enriched in linolenic and arachidonic acid metabolism,and the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT)signaling pathway.The upregulated phos-phoproteins were enriched in the pathways related to fatty acid biosynthesis,fructose and mannose metabolism,and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis.Thr-D reduced the phosphorylation of STAT1 at S729 and STAT3 at S728,and expression of STAT5B.In contrast,Thr-D increased non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase(TYK2)expression and STAT1 phosphorylation at S649.Taken together,dietary Thr-D increased hepatic TG accumulation by upregulating the expression of genes and proteins,and phosphoproteins related to fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis.Furthermore,these processes might be regulated by the JAK-STAT signaling pathway,especially the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51461023, 51267007,51164015,U1302272,515070575 and U1602275)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (Nos.2010CD126, 2012FB195 and 2015FA042)+3 种基金the Yunnan Applied Basic Research Projects (No.2014FB164)the Innovation Team of Yunnan Province (No.2012HC027)the Technology innovation talents of Yunnan Province (No.2015HB024)the Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals (No.SKL-SPM-201526)。
文摘The electrical contact-high-speed imaging experimental system was developed to investigate the molten bridge phenomena of AgNi10 electrical contact material.The dimension of molten bridges was measured along with the measurement of waveforms in the contact voltage under the load of direct current(DC) 6 V(8-20 A)and breaking speed of 50.0 mm·s^(-1).A part of the observed results was presented as well as surface morphology of the contacts after electrical contact behavior,which shows some interesting and new phenomena.Molten bridges and arc could exist simultaneously.The stable molten bridge looks like cylindrical shape and then becomes needle tip at its rupture,the diameter and length of molten bridges both increase with the increase in current and the growth gradient of the diameter is larger than that of the length.The morphology and elemental distribution of the contact surface are changed by the behavior of electrical contact.
