BACKGROUND:Several reports have inconsistently demonstrated that there is an association between hepatitis B virus(HBV)or hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections and pancreatic cancer(PC).The aim of the present meta-analysis...BACKGROUND:Several reports have inconsistently demonstrated that there is an association between hepatitis B virus(HBV)or hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections and pancreatic cancer(PC).The aim of the present meta-analysis is to assess this possible relationship.DATA SOURCES:Studies were identified by searching available database from January 2000 to July 2012.Possible associations between PC risk and hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and its antibody(HBsAb),hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)and its antibody(HBeAb),anti-HBcAg antibody(HBcAb),and HCV antibody(anti-HCV)were evaluated.RESULTS:Eight case-control and two cohort studies were included,and their quality scores were assessed by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale(NOS).We found that HBsAg and anti-HCV seropositivity significantly increased risk of PC(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.11-1.48 and OR=1.21,95%CI:1.02-1.44).The presence of HBsAb was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the risk of PC(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.20-0.79)and HBeAb(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.39-0.99).HBsAg–/HBcAb+/HBsAb–or HBsAg–/HBcAb+/HBsAb+profile was not related to PC risk(OR=1.57,95%CI:0.83-2.98 and OR=1.24,95%CI:0.72-2.14).CONCLUSIONS:HBV/HCV infection increases the risk of PC.HBsAb and HBeAb seropositivity may be the protective factors against PC.It is still uncertain whether serological pattern of past exposure to HBV with or without natural immunity is associated with an enhanced probability of this malignancy.展开更多
In this study, a novel approach by combining base-catalyzed epoxide ring-opening and thiol-ene click chemistry is presented for the side-chain modification of dextran. The vinyl-modified dextran is prepared by a basic...In this study, a novel approach by combining base-catalyzed epoxide ring-opening and thiol-ene click chemistry is presented for the side-chain modification of dextran. The vinyl-modified dextran is prepared by a basic epoxide ring opening reaction of allyl glycidyl ether in 0.1 mol/L NaOH, followed by thiol-addition click reaction of three model sulfhydryl compounds using water-soluble Irgacure 2959 as the photoinitiator, leading to side-chain functionalized dextran modified with carboxyl, bidentate dicarboxyl or amino groups. This is the first example of combining epoxide ring-opening and thiol- ene click chemistry for side-chain modification of dextran in aqueous media. Importantly, it may also be extended as a convenient and efficient method for the side-chain modification of other polysaccharides.展开更多
Introduction HIV serostatus disclosure has become an entry criterion for prevention of sexual partners spread, so we aimed to examine the prevalence of disclosure and associated factors among people living with HIV / ...Introduction HIV serostatus disclosure has become an entry criterion for prevention of sexual partners spread, so we aimed to examine the prevalence of disclosure and associated factors among people living with HIV / AIDS( PLWHA) in Liuzhou City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,southern China. Methods The PLWHA with marital or regular sexual relationship were eligible for our study,and a self-designed questionnaire was assigned to all the conveniently sampled participants. Determinants of disclosure were analyzed using chi-square test and binary Logistic regression. Results A total of 425 PLWHA were included in the present study. Two hundred and forty-five( 57. 6%) disclosed their HIV-positive status to their spouses / regular sexual partners,while 180( 42. 4%) did not. Among the 245 informed spouses / regular sexual partners,236( 96. 3%) had received the HIV testing and the positive rate was 50. 4%. While among the non-in-formed spouses / regular sexual partners,63( 35. 0%) had received the HIV testing and the positive rate was 3. 2%. Binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that age,area,monthly income,HIV / AIDS related knowledge and antiretroviral therapy( ART) were independently associated with HIV serostatus disclosure. Conclusions The disclosure rate was low in this study. As to its influencing factors,it is necessary to provide comprehensive disclosure consulting among PLWHA living in urban,the elderly or high monthly income and emphasize the propaganda on HIV / AIDS related knowledge,expand coverage for antiretroviral therapy, so as to provide scientific reference for promoting HIV disclosure and reducing the HIV incidence of spouses / regular sexual partners among PLWHA.展开更多
With the rapid growth in fingerprint databases, it has become necessary to develop excellent fingerprint indexing to achieve efficiency and accuracy. Fingerprint indexing has been widely studied with real-valued featu...With the rapid growth in fingerprint databases, it has become necessary to develop excellent fingerprint indexing to achieve efficiency and accuracy. Fingerprint indexing has been widely studied with real-valued features,but few studies focus on binary feature representation, which is more suitable to identify fingerprints efficiently in large-scale fingerprint databases. In this study, we propose a deep compact binary minutia cylinder code（DCBMCC）as an effective and discriminative feature representation for fingerprint indexing. Specifically, the minutia cylinder code（MCC）, as the state-of-the-art fingerprint representation, is analyzed and its shortcomings are revealed.Accordingly, we propose a novel fingerprint indexing method based on deep neural networks to learn DCBMCC.Our novel network restricts the penultimate layer to directly output binary codes. Moreover, we incorporate independence, balance, quantization-loss-minimum, and similarity-preservation properties in this learning process.Eventually, a multi-index hashing（MIH） based fingerprint indexing scheme further speeds up the exact search in the Hamming space by building multiple hash tables on binary code substrings. Furthermore, numerous experiments on public databases show that the proposed approach is an outstanding fingerprint indexing method since it has an extremely small error rate with a very low penetration rate.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND:Several reports have inconsistently demonstrated that there is an association between hepatitis B virus(HBV)or hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections and pancreatic cancer(PC).The aim of the present meta-analysis is to assess this possible relationship.DATA SOURCES:Studies were identified by searching available database from January 2000 to July 2012.Possible associations between PC risk and hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and its antibody(HBsAb),hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)and its antibody(HBeAb),anti-HBcAg antibody(HBcAb),and HCV antibody(anti-HCV)were evaluated.RESULTS:Eight case-control and two cohort studies were included,and their quality scores were assessed by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale(NOS).We found that HBsAg and anti-HCV seropositivity significantly increased risk of PC(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.11-1.48 and OR=1.21,95%CI:1.02-1.44).The presence of HBsAb was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the risk of PC(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.20-0.79)and HBeAb(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.39-0.99).HBsAg–/HBcAb+/HBsAb–or HBsAg–/HBcAb+/HBsAb+profile was not related to PC risk(OR=1.57,95%CI:0.83-2.98 and OR=1.24,95%CI:0.72-2.14).CONCLUSIONS:HBV/HCV infection increases the risk of PC.HBsAb and HBeAb seropositivity may be the protective factors against PC.It is still uncertain whether serological pattern of past exposure to HBV with or without natural immunity is associated with an enhanced probability of this malignancy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51373168,51390484,51233004 and 51321062)
文摘In this study, a novel approach by combining base-catalyzed epoxide ring-opening and thiol-ene click chemistry is presented for the side-chain modification of dextran. The vinyl-modified dextran is prepared by a basic epoxide ring opening reaction of allyl glycidyl ether in 0.1 mol/L NaOH, followed by thiol-addition click reaction of three model sulfhydryl compounds using water-soluble Irgacure 2959 as the photoinitiator, leading to side-chain functionalized dextran modified with carboxyl, bidentate dicarboxyl or amino groups. This is the first example of combining epoxide ring-opening and thiol- ene click chemistry for side-chain modification of dextran in aqueous media. Importantly, it may also be extended as a convenient and efficient method for the side-chain modification of other polysaccharides.
基金funded by Global Fund for AIDS Project in China(CSO-2012-project 21)project and supported by Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangxi Longtan hospital,The People's Hospital of Liuzhou city,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
文摘Introduction HIV serostatus disclosure has become an entry criterion for prevention of sexual partners spread, so we aimed to examine the prevalence of disclosure and associated factors among people living with HIV / AIDS( PLWHA) in Liuzhou City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,southern China. Methods The PLWHA with marital or regular sexual relationship were eligible for our study,and a self-designed questionnaire was assigned to all the conveniently sampled participants. Determinants of disclosure were analyzed using chi-square test and binary Logistic regression. Results A total of 425 PLWHA were included in the present study. Two hundred and forty-five( 57. 6%) disclosed their HIV-positive status to their spouses / regular sexual partners,while 180( 42. 4%) did not. Among the 245 informed spouses / regular sexual partners,236( 96. 3%) had received the HIV testing and the positive rate was 50. 4%. While among the non-in-formed spouses / regular sexual partners,63( 35. 0%) had received the HIV testing and the positive rate was 3. 2%. Binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that age,area,monthly income,HIV / AIDS related knowledge and antiretroviral therapy( ART) were independently associated with HIV serostatus disclosure. Conclusions The disclosure rate was low in this study. As to its influencing factors,it is necessary to provide comprehensive disclosure consulting among PLWHA living in urban,the elderly or high monthly income and emphasize the propaganda on HIV / AIDS related knowledge,expand coverage for antiretroviral therapy, so as to provide scientific reference for promoting HIV disclosure and reducing the HIV incidence of spouses / regular sexual partners among PLWHA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11331012,11571014,and 11731013)
文摘With the rapid growth in fingerprint databases, it has become necessary to develop excellent fingerprint indexing to achieve efficiency and accuracy. Fingerprint indexing has been widely studied with real-valued features,but few studies focus on binary feature representation, which is more suitable to identify fingerprints efficiently in large-scale fingerprint databases. In this study, we propose a deep compact binary minutia cylinder code（DCBMCC）as an effective and discriminative feature representation for fingerprint indexing. Specifically, the minutia cylinder code（MCC）, as the state-of-the-art fingerprint representation, is analyzed and its shortcomings are revealed.Accordingly, we propose a novel fingerprint indexing method based on deep neural networks to learn DCBMCC.Our novel network restricts the penultimate layer to directly output binary codes. Moreover, we incorporate independence, balance, quantization-loss-minimum, and similarity-preservation properties in this learning process.Eventually, a multi-index hashing（MIH） based fingerprint indexing scheme further speeds up the exact search in the Hamming space by building multiple hash tables on binary code substrings. Furthermore, numerous experiments on public databases show that the proposed approach is an outstanding fingerprint indexing method since it has an extremely small error rate with a very low penetration rate.
