The high overlap of participants in the carbon emissions trading and electricity markets couples the operations of the two markets.The carbon emission cost(CEC)of coal-fired units becomes part of the power generation ...The high overlap of participants in the carbon emissions trading and electricity markets couples the operations of the two markets.The carbon emission cost(CEC)of coal-fired units becomes part of the power generation cost through market coupling.The accuracy of CEC calculation affects the clearing capacity of coal-fired units in the electric power market.Study of carbon–electricity market interaction and CEC calculations is still in its initial stages.This study analyzes the impact of carbon emissions trading and compliance on the operation of the electric power market and defines the cost transmission mode between the carbon emissions trading and electric power markets.A long-period interactive operation simulation mechanism for the carbon–electricity market is established,and operation and trading models of the carbon emissions trading market and electric power market are established.A daily rolling estimation method for the CEC of coal-fired units is proposed,along with the CEC per unit electric quantity of the coal-fired units.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified through an example simulation,and the factors influencing the CEC are analyzed.展开更多
This research demonstrates the production of mesoporous activated carbon from sargassum fusiforme via physical activation with carbon dioxide.Central composite design was applied to conduct the experiments at differen...This research demonstrates the production of mesoporous activated carbon from sargassum fusiforme via physical activation with carbon dioxide.Central composite design was applied to conduct the experiments at different levels by altering three operating parameters.Activation temperature(766-934℃),CO2 flow rate(0.8-2.8 L·min^-1)and activation time(5-55 min)were the variables examined in this study.The effect of parameters on the specific surface area,total pore volume and burn-out rate of activated carbon was studied,and the influential parameters of methylene blue adsorption value were identified employing analysis of variance.The optimum conditions for maximum methylene blue adsorption value were:activation temperature=900℃,activation time=29.05 min and CO2 flow rate=1.8 L·min(-1).The activated carbon produced under optimum conditions was characterized by BET,FTIR and SEM.The adsorption behavior on congo red was studied.The effect of parameters on the adsorbent dosage,temperature,PH and initial congo red concentration was investigated.The adsorption properties of the activated carbon were investigated by kinetics.The equilibrium removal rate and maximum adsorption capacity reaches up to 94.72%,234 mg·g^-1,respectively when initial congo red concentration is 200 mg·L^-1 under adsorbent dosage(0.8 g·L^-1),temperature(30℃),PH7.展开更多
Dear Editor,Duck virus hepatitis(DVH)is caused by at least threedifferent RNA viruses,including duck hepatitis A virus(DHAV),duck astrovirus type 1(DAstV-1),and duckastrovirus type 2(DAstV-2).The first of these,DHAV,h...Dear Editor,Duck virus hepatitis(DVH)is caused by at least threedifferent RNA viruses,including duck hepatitis A virus(DHAV),duck astrovirus type 1(DAstV-1),and duckastrovirus type 2(DAstV-2).The first of these,DHAV,has been classified into three serotypes by展开更多
Countries worldwide are actively pushing their innovation frontiers into the profound globalized innovation networks.China is entering into a new phase that experiences the profound transformation of the innovation sy...Countries worldwide are actively pushing their innovation frontiers into the profound globalized innovation networks.China is entering into a new phase that experiences the profound transformation of the innovation systems and supporting policies,together with facing the accelerated technological innovation and emerging de-globalization trends.Improving the institution of innovation-driven development,as well as the quality and efficiency of innovation,are beneficial for China to integrate into the global innovation network and move towards the technological frontiers.This study analyzes the phases of the ongoing industrial innovation in China from the techno-economic perspective and proposes a multiplefactor framework to explore indigenous technological innovations.We suggest that the factors impacting technological upgrading and innovation capability are technological gaps,complexities of industrial ecology,the density of capital,and market need complexities under open competition conditions.These factors are necessary but not sufficient conditions for the success of cultivating the capability of technological innovations.The government must fulfill its roles adequately and effectively and pay more attention to the limits and focus of innovation policies.We propose that China’s innovation policies need to be flexible towards the changing world’s opportunities and challenges.China needs to boost its strengths towards an initiative and exploring role in the global innovation scene.Solid fundamental research and applications urgently need to support the layout of the upgrading of technological capabilities that bundled by greater openness and inclusiveness.Meanwhile,policies need to be transformed to guarantee equal benefits and greater tolerance to deliver an innovation-friendly system.展开更多
基金supported by Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2208085UD02)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52077061).
文摘The high overlap of participants in the carbon emissions trading and electricity markets couples the operations of the two markets.The carbon emission cost(CEC)of coal-fired units becomes part of the power generation cost through market coupling.The accuracy of CEC calculation affects the clearing capacity of coal-fired units in the electric power market.Study of carbon–electricity market interaction and CEC calculations is still in its initial stages.This study analyzes the impact of carbon emissions trading and compliance on the operation of the electric power market and defines the cost transmission mode between the carbon emissions trading and electric power markets.A long-period interactive operation simulation mechanism for the carbon–electricity market is established,and operation and trading models of the carbon emissions trading market and electric power market are established.A daily rolling estimation method for the CEC of coal-fired units is proposed,along with the CEC per unit electric quantity of the coal-fired units.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified through an example simulation,and the factors influencing the CEC are analyzed.
基金financially supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY16B060014)the Program for the Joint Research Fund for Overseas Chinese,Hong Kong and Macao Scholars of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21628601)the Innovation and Development of Marine Economy Demonstration。
文摘This research demonstrates the production of mesoporous activated carbon from sargassum fusiforme via physical activation with carbon dioxide.Central composite design was applied to conduct the experiments at different levels by altering three operating parameters.Activation temperature(766-934℃),CO2 flow rate(0.8-2.8 L·min^-1)and activation time(5-55 min)were the variables examined in this study.The effect of parameters on the specific surface area,total pore volume and burn-out rate of activated carbon was studied,and the influential parameters of methylene blue adsorption value were identified employing analysis of variance.The optimum conditions for maximum methylene blue adsorption value were:activation temperature=900℃,activation time=29.05 min and CO2 flow rate=1.8 L·min(-1).The activated carbon produced under optimum conditions was characterized by BET,FTIR and SEM.The adsorption behavior on congo red was studied.The effect of parameters on the adsorbent dosage,temperature,PH and initial congo red concentration was investigated.The adsorption properties of the activated carbon were investigated by kinetics.The equilibrium removal rate and maximum adsorption capacity reaches up to 94.72%,234 mg·g^-1,respectively when initial congo red concentration is 200 mg·L^-1 under adsorbent dosage(0.8 g·L^-1),temperature(30℃),PH7.
基金funded by grants from the Shandong Modern Agricultural Technology & Industry System(SDAIT-13-011-15)the Science and Technology Commission of Shandong Province(2010GNC10914),China
文摘Dear Editor,Duck virus hepatitis(DVH)is caused by at least threedifferent RNA viruses,including duck hepatitis A virus(DHAV),duck astrovirus type 1(DAstV-1),and duckastrovirus type 2(DAstV-2).The first of these,DHAV,has been classified into three serotypes by
文摘Countries worldwide are actively pushing their innovation frontiers into the profound globalized innovation networks.China is entering into a new phase that experiences the profound transformation of the innovation systems and supporting policies,together with facing the accelerated technological innovation and emerging de-globalization trends.Improving the institution of innovation-driven development,as well as the quality and efficiency of innovation,are beneficial for China to integrate into the global innovation network and move towards the technological frontiers.This study analyzes the phases of the ongoing industrial innovation in China from the techno-economic perspective and proposes a multiplefactor framework to explore indigenous technological innovations.We suggest that the factors impacting technological upgrading and innovation capability are technological gaps,complexities of industrial ecology,the density of capital,and market need complexities under open competition conditions.These factors are necessary but not sufficient conditions for the success of cultivating the capability of technological innovations.The government must fulfill its roles adequately and effectively and pay more attention to the limits and focus of innovation policies.We propose that China’s innovation policies need to be flexible towards the changing world’s opportunities and challenges.China needs to boost its strengths towards an initiative and exploring role in the global innovation scene.Solid fundamental research and applications urgently need to support the layout of the upgrading of technological capabilities that bundled by greater openness and inclusiveness.Meanwhile,policies need to be transformed to guarantee equal benefits and greater tolerance to deliver an innovation-friendly system.
