Qingke(highland barley)Baijiu is a special Chinese Baijiu which is mainly produced from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Since the pine board is used as the bottom of the fermentation pit,we deduced that the terpenoids and noris...Qingke(highland barley)Baijiu is a special Chinese Baijiu which is mainly produced from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Since the pine board is used as the bottom of the fermentation pit,we deduced that the terpenoids and norisoprenoids in pine board might be introduced into Qingke Baijiu.Thus,the terpenoids and norisoprenoids in Qingke Baijiu were investigated by headspace solid phase microextraction(HS-SPME)combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC×GC-TOFMS).The results showed thatγ-terpinene(0.70-530.72μg/L),α-phellandrene(0.34-256.66μg/L),longicyclene(0-38.55μg/L),α-pinene(1.21-35.54μg/L)and limonene(0.93-23.69μg/L)were the top 5 terpenoids/norisoprenoids in Qingke Baijiu.Pulegone was detected and reported for the first time in Baijiu,and the concentrations in Qingke Baijiu were 0.78μg/L(fresh)and 3.90μg/L(7 years old).According to the principal component analysis(PCA)plot,young,aged,and retail Qingke Baijiu could be differentiated clearly.Fold change(FC)and t-tests analysis indicated thatβ-pinene,γ-terpinene,andα-selinene were the most different terpenoids/norisoprenoids between young and aged Qingke Baijiu,and longifolene was the most different terpenoids/norisoprenoids between base and retail Qingke Baijiu.The terpenoids and norisoprenoids,such as(E)-β-ionone,isoborneol andβ-cyclocitral,could be potential markers indicating the ageing process of Qingke Baijiu.展开更多
The ever-increasing deepwater oil and gas development in the Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea has initiated the need to evaluate submarine debris-flow hazard risks to seafloor infrastructures.This paper presents a c...The ever-increasing deepwater oil and gas development in the Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea has initiated the need to evaluate submarine debris-flow hazard risks to seafloor infrastructures.This paper presents a case study on evaluating the debris-flow hazard risks to the planned pipeline systems in this region.We used a numerical model to perform simulations to support this quantitative evaluation.First,one relict failure interpreted across the development site was simulated.The back-analysis modeling was used to validate the applicability of the rheological parameters.Then,this model was applied to forecast the runout behaviors of future debris flows originating from the unstable upslope regions considered to be the most critical to the pipeline systems surrounding the Manifolds A and B.The model results showed that the potential debris-flow hazard risks rely on the location of structures and the selection of rheological parameters.For the Manifold B and connected pipeline systems,because of their remote distances away from unstable canyon flanks,the potential debris flows impose few risks.However,the pipeline systems around the Manifold A are exposed to significant hazard risks from future debris flows with selected rheological parameters.These results are beneficial for the design of a more resilient pipeline route in consideration of future debris-flow hazard risks.展开更多
Antioxidant peptides have been widely reported.However,only a few reports have been published examining the antioxidant peptides derived from Chinese baijiu.In this study,6 novel peptides derived from Chinese baijiu w...Antioxidant peptides have been widely reported.However,only a few reports have been published examining the antioxidant peptides derived from Chinese baijiu.In this study,6 novel peptides derived from Chinese baijiu were identified successfully using high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupoletime-of-flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-QTOF-MS)with a concentration of 0.835–24.540μg/L.The underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated,and their cytoprotective effects were examined against 2,2’-azobis(2-methylpropanimidamidine)dihydrochloride(AAPH)-induced oxidative stress in Hep G2 cells.The results showed that these peptides exerted protective effects by suppressing reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,preventing malondialdehyde(MDA)formation,and upregulating cellular antioxidant enzyme activities(SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px)in a dose-dependent manner.Further experiments proved that these peptides exerted antioxidant effects via Nrf2/ARE-mediated signaling pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation,inhibiting ubiquitination,and enhancing transcription capacity of Nrf2 in Hep G2 cells.These findings provide the molecular basis for the effects of antioxidant peptides derived from Chinese baijiu,which is important for a deeper understanding of the relationship between human health and moderate drinking.展开更多
Foxtail millet(Setaria italica),which was domesticatedfromthewild speciesgreenfoxtail(Setaria viridis),isa richsource of phytonutrientsfor humans.To evaluate how breeding changed themetabolome offoxtail millet grains,...Foxtail millet(Setaria italica),which was domesticatedfromthewild speciesgreenfoxtail(Setaria viridis),isa richsource of phytonutrientsfor humans.To evaluate how breeding changed themetabolome offoxtail millet grains,we generated and analyzed the datasets encompassing the genomes,transcriptomes,metabolomes,and anti-inflammatory indices from 398 foxtail millet accessions.We identified hundreds of common variants that influence numerous secondary metabolites.We observed tremendous differences in natural variations of the metabolites and their underlying genetic architectures between distinct sub-groups of foxtail millet.Furthermore,we found that the selection of the gene alleles associated with yellow grains led to altered profiles of metabolites such as carotenoids and endogenous phytohormones.Using CRiSPR-mediated genome editing wevalidated the function of PHYTOENE SYNTHASE1(PSY1)gene in affecting milletgrain colorand quality.Interestingly,our in vitro cell inflammation assays showed that 83 metabolites in millet grains have anti-inflammatory effects.Taken together,ourmulti-omics study illustrates how the breeding history of foxtail millet has shaped its metabolite profile.The datasets we generated in this study also provide important resources for further understanding how millet grain quality is affected by different metabolites,laying the foundations for future millet genetic research and metabolome-assisted improvement.展开更多
Objectives:Investigating the element profiles of Be,Al,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Rb,Sr,Ag,Cd,Cs,La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Pb,Th,and U of Baijiu(Chinese liquors),and setting up their classification according to geographical...Objectives:Investigating the element profiles of Be,Al,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Rb,Sr,Ag,Cd,Cs,La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Pb,Th,and U of Baijiu(Chinese liquors),and setting up their classification according to geographical origin.Materials and Methods:Twenty-eight Chinese liquors from Shandong,Guizhou,and Sichuan provinces were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with the aid of matrix matching,online internal calibration,and direct injection to determine the concentrations of the aforementioned 26 elements.Multivariate statistical analysis,based on the contents of elements in the liquors,was applied to differentiate the liquors from different origins.Results:Both the cluster analysis based on 11 elements and the discriminant analysis based on 5 elements can separate the liquors of Shandong Province from others.A leave-one-out cross test of the discriminant analysis data resulted in 100 per cent accuracy regarding the recognition ability and prediction ability for the liquors from Shandong Province,and an overall 75.0 per cent accuracy of its prediction for all the 28 total liquors.Limitations:The liquors of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces can not be differentiated successfully.Conclusions:The liquors produced in Shandong Province can be differentiated in a great extent from Guizhou and Sichuan provinces based on the multivariate statistical analysis of the concentration of elements in liquors,while those of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces can not be differentiated successfully due to their geographical adjacency.展开更多
An analytical method using gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry(GC-IRMS)combined with solid phase micro-extraction(SPME)was developed to measure the 613C values of six typical volatiles commonly occurrin...An analytical method using gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry(GC-IRMS)combined with solid phase micro-extraction(SPME)was developed to measure the 613C values of six typical volatiles commonly occurring in wine(isoamyl acetate,2-octanone,limonene,2-phenylethanol,ethyl octanoate and ethyl decanoate)for the first time.SPME selected with a divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fiber was combined with the GC-IRMS for pretreatment optimization.The optimized SPME parameters of extraction time,extraction temperature and salt concentration were 40 min,40℃ and 10%,respectively.The 613C values measured by SPME-GC-IRMS were in good agreement with those measured via elemental analyzer(EA)-IRMS and GC-IRMS.The differences range from 0.02‰to 0.44‰ with EA-IRMS and from 0 to 0.28‰ with GC-IRMS,indicating the high accuracy of the method.This newly established method measured the precision within 0.30‰ and was successfully validated to discriminate imported real wine samples with identical label but amazing price differences from different importers.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0400500)
文摘Qingke(highland barley)Baijiu is a special Chinese Baijiu which is mainly produced from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Since the pine board is used as the bottom of the fermentation pit,we deduced that the terpenoids and norisoprenoids in pine board might be introduced into Qingke Baijiu.Thus,the terpenoids and norisoprenoids in Qingke Baijiu were investigated by headspace solid phase microextraction(HS-SPME)combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC×GC-TOFMS).The results showed thatγ-terpinene(0.70-530.72μg/L),α-phellandrene(0.34-256.66μg/L),longicyclene(0-38.55μg/L),α-pinene(1.21-35.54μg/L)and limonene(0.93-23.69μg/L)were the top 5 terpenoids/norisoprenoids in Qingke Baijiu.Pulegone was detected and reported for the first time in Baijiu,and the concentrations in Qingke Baijiu were 0.78μg/L(fresh)and 3.90μg/L(7 years old).According to the principal component analysis(PCA)plot,young,aged,and retail Qingke Baijiu could be differentiated clearly.Fold change(FC)and t-tests analysis indicated thatβ-pinene,γ-terpinene,andα-selinene were the most different terpenoids/norisoprenoids between young and aged Qingke Baijiu,and longifolene was the most different terpenoids/norisoprenoids between base and retail Qingke Baijiu.The terpenoids and norisoprenoids,such as(E)-β-ionone,isoborneol andβ-cyclocitral,could be potential markers indicating the ageing process of Qingke Baijiu.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42106198 and 41720104001the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)under contract No.GML2019ZD0210.
文摘The ever-increasing deepwater oil and gas development in the Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea has initiated the need to evaluate submarine debris-flow hazard risks to seafloor infrastructures.This paper presents a case study on evaluating the debris-flow hazard risks to the planned pipeline systems in this region.We used a numerical model to perform simulations to support this quantitative evaluation.First,one relict failure interpreted across the development site was simulated.The back-analysis modeling was used to validate the applicability of the rheological parameters.Then,this model was applied to forecast the runout behaviors of future debris flows originating from the unstable upslope regions considered to be the most critical to the pipeline systems surrounding the Manifolds A and B.The model results showed that the potential debris-flow hazard risks rely on the location of structures and the selection of rheological parameters.For the Manifold B and connected pipeline systems,because of their remote distances away from unstable canyon flanks,the potential debris flows impose few risks.However,the pipeline systems around the Manifold A are exposed to significant hazard risks from future debris flows with selected rheological parameters.These results are beneficial for the design of a more resilient pipeline route in consideration of future debris-flow hazard risks.
基金supported by National Key Research&Development Program of China(2017YFC1600401-3)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871749 and 31701567)。
文摘Antioxidant peptides have been widely reported.However,only a few reports have been published examining the antioxidant peptides derived from Chinese baijiu.In this study,6 novel peptides derived from Chinese baijiu were identified successfully using high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupoletime-of-flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-QTOF-MS)with a concentration of 0.835–24.540μg/L.The underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated,and their cytoprotective effects were examined against 2,2’-azobis(2-methylpropanimidamidine)dihydrochloride(AAPH)-induced oxidative stress in Hep G2 cells.The results showed that these peptides exerted protective effects by suppressing reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,preventing malondialdehyde(MDA)formation,and upregulating cellular antioxidant enzyme activities(SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px)in a dose-dependent manner.Further experiments proved that these peptides exerted antioxidant effects via Nrf2/ARE-mediated signaling pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation,inhibiting ubiquitination,and enhancing transcription capacity of Nrf2 in Hep G2 cells.These findings provide the molecular basis for the effects of antioxidant peptides derived from Chinese baijiu,which is important for a deeper understanding of the relationship between human health and moderate drinking.
基金This workwas supportedby the National KeyR&DProgramof China(2019YFD1000700 and 2019YFD1000702)the JointFunds of theNational Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20216)+4 种基金the Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province(201903D11006)theMajor Special Science and Technology Projects in Shanxi Province(202101140601027)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001608 and 31771810)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Shanxi Agricultural University(2017YJ27)Lundbeck Foundation(R346-2020-1546)grants.S.P.also acknowledges the financial aid of an ARC Discovery grant(DP19001941),Villum Investigator(25915),DNRF Chair(DNRF155),Novo Nordisk Laureate(NNF190C0056076),NovoNordisk Emerging Investigator(NNF20OC0060564).
文摘Foxtail millet(Setaria italica),which was domesticatedfromthewild speciesgreenfoxtail(Setaria viridis),isa richsource of phytonutrientsfor humans.To evaluate how breeding changed themetabolome offoxtail millet grains,we generated and analyzed the datasets encompassing the genomes,transcriptomes,metabolomes,and anti-inflammatory indices from 398 foxtail millet accessions.We identified hundreds of common variants that influence numerous secondary metabolites.We observed tremendous differences in natural variations of the metabolites and their underlying genetic architectures between distinct sub-groups of foxtail millet.Furthermore,we found that the selection of the gene alleles associated with yellow grains led to altered profiles of metabolites such as carotenoids and endogenous phytohormones.Using CRiSPR-mediated genome editing wevalidated the function of PHYTOENE SYNTHASE1(PSY1)gene in affecting milletgrain colorand quality.Interestingly,our in vitro cell inflammation assays showed that 83 metabolites in millet grains have anti-inflammatory effects.Taken together,ourmulti-omics study illustrates how the breeding history of foxtail millet has shaped its metabolite profile.The datasets we generated in this study also provide important resources for further understanding how millet grain quality is affected by different metabolites,laying the foundations for future millet genetic research and metabolome-assisted improvement.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0400500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601556)Beijing Natural Science Foundation Program and Scientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KZ201410011015).
文摘Objectives:Investigating the element profiles of Be,Al,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Rb,Sr,Ag,Cd,Cs,La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Pb,Th,and U of Baijiu(Chinese liquors),and setting up their classification according to geographical origin.Materials and Methods:Twenty-eight Chinese liquors from Shandong,Guizhou,and Sichuan provinces were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with the aid of matrix matching,online internal calibration,and direct injection to determine the concentrations of the aforementioned 26 elements.Multivariate statistical analysis,based on the contents of elements in the liquors,was applied to differentiate the liquors from different origins.Results:Both the cluster analysis based on 11 elements and the discriminant analysis based on 5 elements can separate the liquors of Shandong Province from others.A leave-one-out cross test of the discriminant analysis data resulted in 100 per cent accuracy regarding the recognition ability and prediction ability for the liquors from Shandong Province,and an overall 75.0 per cent accuracy of its prediction for all the 28 total liquors.Limitations:The liquors of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces can not be differentiated successfully.Conclusions:The liquors produced in Shandong Province can be differentiated in a great extent from Guizhou and Sichuan provinces based on the multivariate statistical analysis of the concentration of elements in liquors,while those of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces can not be differentiated successfully due to their geographical adjacency.
基金supported by the fund of the Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety,Beijing Technology and Business University,China(No.FQS-201810)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(No.19DZ2284200).
文摘An analytical method using gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry(GC-IRMS)combined with solid phase micro-extraction(SPME)was developed to measure the 613C values of six typical volatiles commonly occurring in wine(isoamyl acetate,2-octanone,limonene,2-phenylethanol,ethyl octanoate and ethyl decanoate)for the first time.SPME selected with a divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fiber was combined with the GC-IRMS for pretreatment optimization.The optimized SPME parameters of extraction time,extraction temperature and salt concentration were 40 min,40℃ and 10%,respectively.The 613C values measured by SPME-GC-IRMS were in good agreement with those measured via elemental analyzer(EA)-IRMS and GC-IRMS.The differences range from 0.02‰to 0.44‰ with EA-IRMS and from 0 to 0.28‰ with GC-IRMS,indicating the high accuracy of the method.This newly established method measured the precision within 0.30‰ and was successfully validated to discriminate imported real wine samples with identical label but amazing price differences from different importers.
